Stainless Steel - Grade 304 (UNS S30400)

8/17/2019 Stainless Steel - Grade 304 (UNS S30400)

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Stainless Steel - Grade 304 (UNS S30400)

Chemical Formula

Fe,


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products such as pipe and bar in their

respective specifications.

Composition

Typical compositional ranges for grade 304 stainless steels are given in table 1.

Table 1. Composition ranges for 304 grade stainless steel

Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni N

304

min.

max.

-

0.08

-

2.0

-

0.75

-

0.045

-

0.030

18.0

20.0

-

8.0

10.5

-

0.10

304L

min.

max.

-

0.030

-

2.0

-

0.75

-

0.045

-

0.030

18.0

20.0

-

8.0

12.0

-

0.10

304H

min.

max.

0.04

0.10

-

2.0

-

0.75

-0.045

-

0.030

18.0

20.0

-

8.0

10.5

-

Mechanical Properties

Typical mechanical properties for grade 304 stainless steels are given in table 2.

Table 2. Mechanical properties of 304 grade stainless steel

GradeTensile Strength

(MPa) min

Yield Strength

0.2% Proof (MPa)

min

Elongation (% in

50mm) min

Hardness

Rockwell B

(HR B) max

Brinell (HB)

max

304 515 205 40 92 201

304L 485 170 40 92 201

304H 515 205 40 92 201

304H also has a requirement for a grain size of ASTM No 7 or coarser.

Physical Properties

Typical physical properties for annealed grade 304 stainless steels are given in table 3.

Table 3. Physical properties of 304 grade stainless steel in the annealed condition

GradeDensity

(kg/m3)

Elastic

Modulus

(GPa)

Mean Coefficient of Thermal

Expansion (μm/m/°C)

Thermal Conductivity

(W/m.K)Specific

Heat 0-

100°C

(J/kg.K)

Electrical

Resistivity

(nΩ.m)0 -1 00 °C 0 -3 15 °C 0 -5 38 °C at 1 00 °C at 5 00 °C

304/L/H 8000 193 17.2 17.8 18.4 16.2 21.5 500 720

Grade Specification Comparison

Approximate grade comparisons for 304 stainless steels are given in table 4.

Table 4. Grade specifications for 304 grade stainless steel

Grade UNS No

Old British EuronormSwedish

SS

Japanese

JIS

BS En No Name

304 S30400 304S31 58E 1.4301 X5CrNi18-10 2332 SUS 304

304L S30403 304S11 - 1.4306 X2CrNi19-11 2352 SUS 304L

304H S30409 304S51 - 1.4948 X6CrNi18-11 - -

These comparisons are approximate only. The list is intended as a comparison of functionally similar materials not

as a schedule of contractual equivalents. If exact equivalents are needed original specifications must be consulted.

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Possible Alternative Grades

Possible alternative grades to grade 304 stainless steels are given in table 5.

Table 5. Possible alternative grades to 304 grade stainless steel

Grade Why it might be chosen instead of 304

301L A higher work hardening rate grade is required for certain roll formed or stretch formed components.

302HQ Lower work hardening rate is needed for cold forging of screws, bolts and rivets.

303Higher machinability needed, and the lower corrosion resistance, formability and weldability are

acceptable.

316 Higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion is required, in chloride environments

321 Better resistance to temperatures of around 600-900°C is needed…321 has higher hot strength.

3CR12A lower cost is required, and the reduced corrosion resistance and resulting discolouration are

acceptable.

430A lower cost is required, and the reduced corrosion resistance and fabrication characteristics are

acceptable.

Corrosion Resistance

Excellent in a wide range of atmospheric environments and many corrosive media. Subject to

pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride environments, and to stress corrosion cracking

above about 60°C. Considered resistant to potable water with up to about 200mg/L chlorides

at ambient temperatures, reducing to about 150mg/L at 60°C.

Heat Resistance

Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 870°C and in continuous service to 925°C.

Continuous use of 304 in the 425-860°C range is not recommended if subsequent aqueous

corrosion resistance is important. Grade 304L is more resistant to carbide precipitation and

can be heated into the above temperature range.

Grade 304H has higher strength at elevated temperatures so is often used for structural andpressure-containing applications at temperatures above about 500°C and up to about 800°C.

304H will become sensitised in the temperature range of 425-860°C; this is not a problem for

high temperature applications, but will result in reduced aqueous corrosion resistance.

Heat Treatment

Solution Treatment (Annealing) - Heat to 1010-1120°C and cool rapidly. These grades cannot

be hardened by thermal treatment.

Welding

Excellent weldability by all standard fusion methods, both with and without filler metals. AS

1554.6 pre-qualifies welding of 304 with Grade 308 and 304L with 308L rods or electrodes (and

with their high silicon equivalents). Heavy welded sections in Grade 304 may require post-

weld annealing for maximum corrosion resistance. This is not required for Grade 304L. Grade

321 may also be used as an alternative to 304 if heavy section welding is required and post-

weld heat treatment is not possible.

Machining

A "Ugima" improved machinability version of grade 304 is available in bar products. "Ugima"

machines significantly better than standard 304 or 304L, giving higher machining rates and

lower tool wear in many operations.

Dual Certification

It is common for 304 and 304L to be stocked in "Dual Certified" form, particularly in plate and

pipe. These items have chemical and mechanical properties complying with both 304 and 304L

specifications. Such dual certified product does not meet 304H specifications and may be

unacceptable for high temperature applications.

Applications

Typical applications include:

Food processing equipment, particularly in beer brewing, milk processing & wine making.

Kitchen benches, sinks, troughs, equipment and appliances

Architectural panelling, railings & trim

Chemical containers, including for transport

Heat Exchangers


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Mahmo

Ellithy

0 0

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Tha

Tra

Woven or welded screens for mining, quarrying & water filtration

Threaded fasteners

Springs

The 630-foot-high (190 m), stainless-clad (type 304) Gateway Arch defines St. Louis's skyline

Source: Atlas Steels Australia

For more information on this source please visit Atlas Steels Australia

Date Added: Oct 23, 2001 | Updated: Feb 27, 2015

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Comments

Mahmoud Ellithy says:November 10, 2013 at 2:46 PM

I want to know about companies producing SS304 tanks and their offers and how

to contact them ....?

Reply

Amos Stitham says:

December 10, 2013 at 4:12 PM

IBI/Global Power

Engineered-Manufactured-Delivered

Caldwell, ID

93716

(208) 459-6077

Toll Free: 1 (800) 497-8251

Reply

Thanh Tran says:

January 11, 2014 at 5:26 PM

I would like to know 316 and 304 which one is more expensive? or higher quality?

Reply

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Vinay Kumar N says:

January 23, 2014 at 1:57 AM

316 is higher.

Reply

ugeshkumar s says:June 26, 2014 at 3:40 AM

i want to know list of ss materials and cost

Reply

Asrul Aizzad says:

February 23, 2014 at 4:44 AM

I want to know TIG welding parameter for 304

Reply

Musthafa Ismail says:

March 3, 2014 at 10:36 PM

Corrosion ResistanceExcellent in a wide range of atmospheric environments and many corrosive media.

Subject to pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride environments, and to stress

corrosion cracking above about 60°C. Considered resistant to potable water with up to

about 200mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing to about 150mg/L at 60°C.

Pitting and crevice corrosion at what temperature. Please specify.

Reply

Brigitta Roselie says:

March 18, 2014 at 4:26 AM

I want to know how can I find the most updating prices for sus304 in kg (is there

any web site)

Reply

Tyrone Dunn says:

March 21, 2014 at 5:05 PM

I would like to know if it is acceptable to heat 304 stainless in order to create

formswept bends on 6 mm thick angle iron without distorting its metalic properties or

reducing its corrosiveness in high humidity coastal areas.

Reply

Barry Patterson says:

March 24, 2014 at 2:22 PM

Is 304 suitable for a 6" flue pipe from a small coal stove in a hunting camp?

Reply

T Arai says:April 20, 2014 at 4:11 PM

Which grade would be best for making an exhaust system for a automobile

(specifically a VW Vanagon)? I have seen 304 used, but was thinking that 304H or 316

would be better. Would those grades be available in the required pipe sizes? What would

be the trade offs? Strength? Longevity?

Reply

steve miller says:June 11, 2014 at 5:25 PM

304 and 316 are very expensive and can be overkill in the exhaust

application. Try Cromgard 18-1. Just Google Cromgard and the company pops

up. Its used a lot in the automotive industry for exhausted systems because of

resistance to corrosion and low cost.


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Reply

ihsan durani says:

July 4, 2014 at 12:33 PM

Now a days weight reduction is important goal for automobile

applications. so you must use a metal which satisfied the customer and

company. 304 and 316 are very high weight and also are costly..............

Reply

ugeshkumar s says:

June 26, 2014 at 3:41 AM

what is moulding and casting difference between them

Reply

ihsan durani says:

July 4, 2014 at 12:22 PM

molding is a process of mold making for costing any shape but casting

belong to a process in which specific shape is given to the materials by using

mold. the molten metal is pored into the mold for casting parts..........

Reply

Yang Fuqiang says:

September 17, 2014 at 9:50 PM

i want to the elastic moduls of 304 stainless steel at -100~100℃

Reply

Kian Farzaneh says:

October 30, 2014 at 10:26 PM

Is this steel good for making knives?

Reply

Tuan Tran says:February 3, 2015 at 5:06 PM

Is stainless steel 304 RoHS compliant?

Reply

Manoocher Mohebi says:

April 24, 2015 at 2:18 AM

hello

I want the best suggestion process(whit designing for deep drawing) of cup stainless

steel(304) the following dataouter diameter 49.8 mm

wall thickness 0.8~1mm

length 65mm

r= 5~5.5 mm

Reply

Richard Panfil says:

April 29, 2015 at 12:26 PM

Does hardness of 304 sheet and angle differ? I am punching 304 SS 3" angle and

am bending and deformiing the punch after one use. The punch and die is rated up to 1/4"

304 annealed.

Reply

Mark Nels says:

May 10, 2015 at 12:20 PM

I have a beam, 12-3/4” x 24” that’s spanning 48’. How much weight is safe i n the

middle of the span?


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Also, I have a hoist trolley that has a 1-1/4” steel rod that connects the 2 halves of the

trolley. The 1-1/4” rod is only long enough (it’s total length is 9-1/2”) for a 5-1/2”

beam. I need to get a longer rod. 17” will do for a 12-3/4” flange. I need to drill holes in

the ends for cotter pins. What type of steel do I need and should I worry about the longer

length giving problems and bending? The trolley is rated for 3 tons.

Found a 304 stainless steel 1-1/4” rod on Ebay. Would that work for strength? Can I drill

it for the cotter pins?

Reply

DHANANJAY KUMAR says:

May 19, 2015 at 4:03 AM

what is the range of bhn no. of ss 304

Reply

DHANANJAY KUMAR says:

May 19, 2015 at 4:06 AM

if the value of brinell hardness 187 and second brinell hardness value is 245 then

what is comparision between both

Reply

Michael Rederstorf says:September 1, 2015 at 9:10 AM

Is it easier to machine 304SS if heat treated and cooled at a certain rate?

Reply

arsul iman says:

October 23, 2015 at 12:07 PM

hi. i would like to ask, as for 304L what's the range for the best PWHT and whats

the soaking time for it? im using a 9mm thickness.

Reply

ahmed omer says:

January 26, 2016 at 7:49 AM

what is the Heat Range For 304 ?

Reply

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions

of AZoM.com.

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Stainless Steel - Grade 304 (UNS S30400)