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Splash Screen Contents Chapter Introduction Section 1Origins of the Cold War Section 2The Early Cold War Years Section 3The Cold War and American Society
Contents Chapter Introduction Section 1Origins of the Cold War
Section 2The Early Cold War Years Section 3The Cold War and
American Society Section 4Eisenhowers Policies Chapter Summary
Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding
slides.
Slide 4
Intro 1 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio
again.
Slide 5
Intro 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Chapter Objectives Explain the growing
tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union at the end
of World War II. Identify the goals of Stalins foreign policy
immediately after the war. Section 1: Origins of the Cold War
Slide 6
Intro 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Chapter Objectives Section 2: The Early
Cold War Years Describe the American view of the Soviet Union and
the policy of containment. Explain the causes of the Korean
War.
Slide 7
Intro 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Chapter Objectives Section 3: The Cold War
and American Society Describe the new Red Scare. Discuss how
American society reflected fears of the nuclear age.
Slide 8
Intro 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Chapter Objectives Section 4: Eisenhowers
Policies Evaluate Eisenhowers military policy known as the New
Look. Debate the effectiveness of Eisenhowers foreign policy.
Slide 9
Intro 6 Why It Matters After World War II, an intense rivalry
developed between the United States and the Soviet Uniontwo
superpowers with very different political and economic systems.
This rivalry, known as the Cold War, led to a massive buildup of
military weapons on both sides. The determination of American
leaders to contain communism also led to the Korean War, in which
over 36,500 Americans died.
Slide 10
Intro 7 The Impact Today The effects of Cold War events are
still evident today. The NATO alliance works to guarantee the
security of many democratic countries. The math and science
training important to the space race remains an educational
priority. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information.
Slide 11
Intro 8 continued on next slide
Slide 12
Intro 9
Slide 13
End of Intro
Slide 14
Section 1-1 Guide to Reading The detonation of the atomic bomb
and the end of World War II led to disagreements among the Big
Three wartime Allies and a shift in American attitudes toward the
Soviet Union. Cold War Main Idea Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the information. Key Terms and Names
Potsdam satellite nation iron curtain
Slide 15
Section 1-2 Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy Click the
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Categorizing As you read about the origins of the Cold War,
complete a graphic organizer similar to the one on page 654 in your
textbook by filling in the names of the conferences held among the
Big Three Allies and the outcomes of each. Explain the growing
tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union at the end
of World War II. Reading Objectives Identify the goals of Stalins
foreign policy immediately after the war.
Slide 16
Section 1-3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Theme Global
Connections As World War II was ending, the United States and the
Soviet Union began to negotiate to influence the shape of the
postwar world.
Slide 17
Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio
again.
Slide 18
Section 1-5 A Clash of Interests After World War II, the United
States and the Soviet Union became increasingly hostile, leading to
an era of confrontation and competition that lasted from about 1946
to 1990 known as the Cold War. (pages 654655)
Slide 19
Section 1-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Soviets were concerned with security and
wanted to avoid future attacks from Germany. They wanted all
countries between Germany and the Soviet Union to be under Soviet
control. Soviets believed communism was superior to capitalism.
They were suspicious of capitalist countries because they felt
capitalism would lead to war and eventually destroy communism. A
Clash of Interests (cont.) (pages 654655)
Slide 20
Section 1-7 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Americans were concerned with economic
problems. Roosevelt and his advisers believed that economic growth
would keep the world peaceful. American leaders promoted a
democracy with protections for individual rights and free
enterprise to create prosperity. A Clash of Interests (cont.)
(pages 654655)
Slide 21
Section 1-8 What did many American officials believe caused
World War II? Many American officials believed it was the
Depression that had caused World War II. Countries had cut back on
trade, making it necessary for a nation to go to war to get the
resources it needed. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar
to display the answer. A Clash of Interests (cont.) (pages
654655)
Slide 22
Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. The Yalta Conference A meeting of
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin at Yaltaa Soviet resort on the
Black Seawas held to plan the postwar world. Although the
conference went well, some agreements made would later become key
in causing the Cold War. (pages 655657)
Slide 23
Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. At Yalta, a compromise was made with
Roosevelt and Churchill agreeing to recognize the Polish Communist
government set up by the Soviets. Stalin agreed that the government
would include members from the old Polish government before the
war. Stalin agreed that free elections would take place in Poland.
The Yalta Conference (cont.) (pages 655657)
Slide 24
Section 1-11 During the meeting at Yalta, Roosevelt, Churchill,
and Stalin issued the Declaration of Liberated Europe, giving
people the right to choose their form of government. The Yalta
Conference (cont.) (pages 655657)
Slide 25
Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. It was decided at Yalta to divide Germany
and Berlin into four zones, with Great Britain, the United States,
the Soviet Union, and France each controlling a zone. It was also
agreed that Germany would pay reparations for damage caused by the
war. For the next several years, arguments about these reparations
and economic policy in Germany would become one of the major causes
of the Cold War. The Yalta Conference (cont.) (pages 655657)
Slide 26
Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Tensions rose when the Soviets did not
follow agreements made at Yalta, which caused Soviet-American
relations to deteriorate. President Roosevelt died and Vice
President Harry S Truman became the next President. The Yalta
Conference (cont.) (pages 655657)
Slide 27
Section 1-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answer. How did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
disagree about what to do with Poland? Roosevelt and Churchill felt
that the Poles should have the freedom to choose their own
government. Stalin felt the Polish government and the Soviets
needed to be friendly for security reasons. The Yalta Conference
(cont.) (pages 655657)
Slide 28
Section 1-15 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Truman Takes Control Harry S Truman took
office, making it clear he would stand firm against Stalin to keep
promises he made during Yalta. In July 1945, Truman and Stalin met
at Potsdam near Berlin to work out a deal regarding Germany. Truman
was against heavy reparations on Germany, feeling that the
reparations would not allow German industry to recover. (pages
657658)
Slide 29
Section 1-16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Agreements were made allowing the Soviets
to take reparations from their zone in Germany and a small amount
of German industrial equipment from other zones. Stalin was not
pleased with Trumans proposal. Truman then told Stalin of the
successfully tested atomic bomb, leading Stalin to think it was a
threat to get him to agree to the deal. Stalin agreed, but tensions
rose. Truman Takes Control (cont.) (pages 657658)
Slide 30
Section 1-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Other issues at Potsdam did not end
successfully. The Declaration of Liberation of Europe was not
upheld, and the Soviet armys presence led to pro-Soviet Communist
governments being established in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria,
Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. These Communist countries of Eastern
Europe became known as the satellite nations. Truman Takes Control
(cont.) (pages 657658)
Slide 31
Section 1-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Although they had their own governments
and were not under direct Soviet control, they had to remain
Communist and follow Soviet-approved policies. As Communists began
taking over Eastern Europe, Winston Churchills term, the iron
curtain, was used to describe the separation of the Communist
nations of Eastern Europe from the West. Truman Takes Control
(cont.) (pages 657658)
Slide 32
Section 1-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answer. Why did Stalin have to accept Trumans proposal
at Potsdam? American and British troops controlled Germanys
industrial center, and Soviets would be unable to receive any
reparations unless they cooperated. Truman Takes Control (cont.)
(pages 657658)
Slide 33
Section 1-20 Checking for Understanding __ 1.the political and
military barrier that isolated Soviet- controlled countries of
Eastern Europe after World War II __ 2.the ideological and often
confrontational conflict between the United States and the Soviet
Union between 1946 and 1990 A.Cold War B.iron curtain Define Match
the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. Click
the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. A
B
Slide 34
Section 1-21 Checking for Understanding (cont.) Reviewing Facts
Why did tensions grow between the United States and the Soviet
Union after World War II? Each country had different goals for
Germany and Eastern Europe. Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer.
Slide 35
Section 1-22 Reviewing Themes Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Global Connections At Yalta,
what agreement did the Big Three come to about Germanys future
after World War II? Germany was divided into four zones controlled
by Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United
States.
Slide 36
Section 1-23 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Synthesizing Do you think
Roosevelt could have prevented the Cold War? Why or why not?
Possible answers: Yes, the Cold War could have been prevented if
Soviet needs had been accommodated. No, the Cold War was inevitable
because the Soviets had broken several promises.
Slide 37
Section 1-24 Analyzing Visuals Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Maps Study the map
on page 658 of your textbook. Why did the Soviet Union want the
countries on its western border to have strong Communist
governments? It wanted to protect itself from invasion by
Germany.
Slide 38
Section 1-25 Close Identify the goals of Stalins foreign policy
immediately after the war.
Slide 39
End of Section 1
Slide 40
Section 2-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading As the Cold War began,
the United States struggled to oppose Communist aggression in
Europe and Asia through political, economic, and military measures.
George Kennan Main Idea Key Terms and Names containment Marshall
Plan NATO limited war
Slide 41
Section 2-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy
Sequencing As you read about the Cold War, complete a time line
similar to the one on page 659 of your textbook by recording the
major events involving the Korean War. Describe the American view
of the Soviet Union and the policy of containment. Reading
Objectives Explain the causes of the Korean War.
Slide 42
Section 2-3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Theme Global
Connections Beliefs about Soviet goals and actions had a lasting
effect on American policies abroad and on the agencies used to
carry them out.
Slide 43
Section 2-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio
again.
Slide 44
Section 2-5 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Containing Communism Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information. As
Americans became increasingly impatient with the Soviets, the State
Department asked the American Embassy in Moscow to explain Soviet
behavior. On February 22, 1946, diplomat George Kennan responded
with the Long Telegram, a 5,540-word cable message explaining his
views of Soviet goals. In the telegram, Kennan discussed Soviet
insecurity and fear of the West and why it was impossible to reach
an agreement. (pages 659661)
Slide 45
Section 2-6 He proposed a long-term containment of Soviet
expansion. This led to Trumans policy of containmentkeeping
communism within its present territory through diplomatic,
economic, and military actions. Containing Communism (cont.) Click
the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
(pages 659661)
Slide 46
Section 2-7 After World War II, Soviet troops remained in
northern Iran, demanding access to Irans oil supplies. Soviet
troops helped Communists in northern Iran set up a separate
government. The United States demanded their withdrawal and sent a
U.S. battleship into the eastern Mediterranean. The Soviets
withdrew from Iran. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar
to display the information. Containing Communism (cont.) (pages
659661)
Slide 47
Section 2-8 On March 12, 1947, Truman went before Congress to
request $400 million to fight Soviet aggression in Greece and
Turkey. The policy became known as the Truman Doctrine. Its purpose
was to stabilize the Greek government and ease Soviet demands in
Turkey. It became the United Statess pledge to stop communism in
the world. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. Containing Communism (cont.) (pages 659661)
Slide 48
Section 2-9 Postwar Western Europe faced economic ruin and
starving people. In June 1947, Secretary of State George C.
Marshall proposed the European Recovery Program called the Marshall
Plan. The plan would give European nations American aid to rebuild.
The plan was an effort to fight hunger, poverty, and chaos. Click
the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Containing Communism (cont.) (pages 659661)
Slide 49
Section 2-10 The Soviet Union and its satellite nations in
Eastern Europe rejected the offer and developed their own economic
program. The Marshall Plan gave billions of dollars worth of
supplies, machinery, and food to Western Europe, lessening the
appeal of communism and opening new trade markets. Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Containing Communism (cont.) (pages 659661)
Slide 50
Section 2-11 Why did George Kennan think containment would beat
communism? Kennan felt the Soviet system had major economic and
political weaknesses. If the United States could stop the Soviets
from expanding, Kennan felt the Soviet system would crumble without
going to war. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answer. Containing Communism (cont.) (pages
659661)
Slide 51
Section 2-12 The Berlin Crisis Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the information. By early 1948, in
response to the Soviet attempt to harm Germanys economy, the United
States, Great Britain, and France merged their zones in Germany and
in Berlin, which became West Berlin, allowing Germans to have their
own government. The new nation became West Germany with a separate
economy from the Soviet zone, which eventually became known as East
Germany. (pages 661662)
Slide 52
Section 2-13 In June 1948, Soviet troops stopped all road and
rail traffic to West Berlin, hoping to force Americans to
renegotiate Germanys status or give up Berlin. In response, Truman
sent long-range bombers with atomic weapons to bases in Britain.
Truman then ordered the Berlin airlift. For eleven months, cargo
planes supplied Berliners with food, medicine, and coal. Stalin
finally lifted the blockade on May 12. The Berlin Crisis (cont.)
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
information. (pages 661662)
Slide 53
Section 2-14 With the threat of war still present, the American
public and Congress supported American participation in a military
alliance with Western Europe. By April 1949, the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO), a mutual defense alliance, was created
with initially twelve countries joining. The members agreed to come
to the aid of any member who was attacked. Click the mouse button
or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Berlin
Crisis (cont.) (pages 661662)
Slide 54
Section 2-15 The U.S. and its allies allowed West Germany to
join NATO. Soviet leaders responded with the organization of a
military alliance in Eastern Europe known as the Warsaw Pact. Click
the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
The Berlin Crisis (cont.) (pages 661662)
Slide 55
Section 2-16 Why was NATO created? It was created by 12
countries, including the United States, Canada, and several Western
European countries, as a mutual defense alliance in order to help
maintain peace in Europe. Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. The Berlin Crisis (cont.) (pages
661662)
Slide 56
Section 2-17 The Cold War Spreads to East Asia Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Cold
War spread to Asia. In China, Communist forces and Nationalist
forces had been battling since the late 1920s. The two had stopped
their war during World War II in an effort to resist Japanese
occupation. With the end of World War II, civil war broke out
again. The Nationalists were defeated after poor leadership caused
the United States to stop sending aid. (pages 662663)
Slide 57
Section 2-18 In October 1949, Communists set up the Peoples
Republic of China. In early 1950, the Peoples Republic of China and
the Soviet Union signed a treaty of friendship and alliance. The
United States was able to keep Communist China out of the United
Nations while allowing Nationalists from Taiwan to retain their
seats. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
information. The Cold War Spreads to East Asia (cont.) (pages
662663)
Slide 58
Section 2-19 When the United States lost China as its main ally
in Asia, it adopted policies to encourage the quick recovery of
Japans industrial economy. The U.S. saw Japan as its key in
defending Asia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. The Cold War Spreads to East Asia (cont.)
(pages 662663)
Slide 59
Section 2-20 Why did the United States change its policies
toward Japan? With the establishment of Communist China, the United
States lost China as its ally in Asia. So the U.S. changed its
policies toward Japan and encouraged the rapid recovery of Japans
industrial economy because it saw Japan as the key to defending
Asia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
answer. The Cold War Spreads to East Asia (cont.) (pages
662663)
Slide 60
Section 2-21 The Korean War Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information. At the end of World War II,
American and Soviet forces entered Korea to disarm Japanese troops
stationed there. The Allies divided Korea at the 38th parallel of
latitude. Soviet troops controlled the north and set up a Communist
government. American troops controlled the south with an
American-backed government. The Soviets gave military aid to the
north, resulting in an expansive military. (pages 663665)
Slide 61
Section 2-22 On June 25, 1950, North Korean troops invaded
South Korea. Truman asked the UN to act against the Communist
invasion of South Korea. American, UN, and South Korean troops
pushed back advancing North Korean troops. The Korean War (cont.)
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
information. (pages 663665)
Slide 62
Section 2-23 The Communist Chinese government saw the UN troops
as a threat and demanded that they stop advancing. After being
ignored, China began a massive attack with hundreds of thousands of
Chinese troops heading across the border, driving UN forces back.
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
information. The Korean War (cont.) (pages 663665)
Slide 63
Section 2-24 General MacArthur demanded approval to expand the
war against China. Truman refused MacArthurs demands. MacArthur was
fired after publicly criticizing the president. Truman was
committed to limited war, a war fought to achieve a limited
objective such as containing communism. Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. The Korean War
(cont.) (pages 663665)
Slide 64
Section 2-25 By 1951 UN forces had pushed Chinese and North
Korean troops back across the 38th parallel. An armistice was
signed July 1953. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. The Korean War (cont.) (pages 663665)
Slide 65
Section 2-26 The Korean War was an important turning point in
the Cold War. Instead of just using political pressure and economic
aid to contain communism, the United States began a major military
buildup. The Korean War expanded the Cold War beyond Europe and
into Asia. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. The Korean War (cont.) (pages 663665)
Slide 66
Section 2-27 Why did Truman refuse MacArthurs demands to expand
the war into China? Truman did not want to expand the war into
China or use the atomic bomb. Truman remained committed to a
limited war to contain communism. Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. The Korean War (cont.) (pages
663665)
Slide 67
Section 2-28 Checking for Understanding __ 1.the policy or
process of preventing the expansion of a hostile power __ 2.a war
fought with limited commitment of resources to achieve a limited
objective, such as containing communism A.containment B.limited war
Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the
left. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
answers. B A
Slide 68
Section 2-29 Checking for Understanding (cont.) Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Review Facts
How did the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan address the
spread of communism? Under these, the United States would help any
country fight against communism and would help rebuild economies to
strengthen the resistance to communism.
Slide 69
Section 2-30 Reviewing Themes Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Global Connections What
long-term Cold War strategy did the United States follow? The
United States followed the policy of containing communism through
international aid, diplomacy, and a strong military.
Slide 70
Section 2-31 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Evaluating How did the Long
Telegram influence American policy? It recommended patient but firm
and vigilant containment of Soviet expansion.
Slide 71
Section 2-32 Analyzing Visuals Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Maps Study the maps
of the Korean War on page 663 of your textbook. When did the United
Nations control the most territory in Korea? When did both sides
finally agree upon an armistice line? The United Nations controlled
the most territory in November 1950. Both sides agreed upon an
armistice line on July 27, 1953.
Slide 72
Section 2-33 Close Create a cause-and-effect organizer for the
Korean War.
Slide 73
End of Section 2
Slide 74
Section 3-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading The Cold War heightened
Americans fears of Communist infiltration and atomic attack.
subversion Main Idea Key Terms and Names loyalty review program
Alger Hiss perjury McCarran Act McCarthyism censure fallout fallout
shelter
Slide 75
Section 3-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy
Taking Notes As you read about American reaction to the Cold War,
use the major headings of the section to create an outline similar
to the one on page 668 of your textbook. Describe the new Red
Scare. Reading Objectives Discuss how American society reflected
fears of the nuclear age.
Slide 76
Section 3-3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Theme Civic Rights
and Responsibilities In the early part of the Cold War, the fear of
communism led to a hunt for spies and to intolerance and suspicion
of people with radical ideas in the United States.
Slide 77
Section 3-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio
again.
Slide 78
Section 3-5 A New Red Scare Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information. During the 1950s, rumors and
accusations of Communists in the United States led to fears that
Communists were attempting to take over the world. The Red Scare
began in September 1945, and escalated into a general fear of
Communist subversionan effort to secretly weaken a society and
overthrow its government. (pages 668670)
Slide 79
Section 3-6 In early 1947, Truman established the loyalty
review program to screen all federal employees for their loyalty.
The programs aim was to calm Americans. Instead, it led to the fear
that Communists were infiltrating the government. A New Red Scare
(cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. (pages 668670)
Slide 80
Section 3-7 FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover went to the House
Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) to urge them to hold public
hearings on Communist subversion. Under Hoovers leadership, the FBI
sent agents to investigate suspected groups and to wiretap
thousands of telephones. Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the information. A New Red Scare (cont.) (pages
668670)
Slide 81
Section 3-8 In 1948 Time magazine editor Whittaker Chambers
testified before the HUAC that several government officials were
also Communists or spies. The most prominent among these was lawyer
and diplomat Alger Hiss. Hiss had served in Roosevelts
administration, attended the Yalta conference, and helped with the
organization of the UN. Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the information. A New Red Scare (cont.) (pages
668670)
Slide 82
Section 3-9 Hiss denied the charges, but he was convicted of
committing perjury, or lying under oath. A New Red Scare (cont.)
(pages 668670) The search for spies intensified when the Soviet
Union produced an atomic bomb. Klaus Fuchs, a British scientist,
admitted giving information to the Soviet Union. Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Slide 83
Section 3-10 This led to the arrest of Julius and Ethel
Rosenberg, a New York couple who were members of the Communist
Party and were charged with heading a Soviet spy ring. Although
many believed the Rosenbergs were not guilty, the couple was
executed in June 1953. Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the information. A New Red Scare (cont.) (pages
668670)
Slide 84
Section 3-11 In 1946 American cryptographers cracked the Soviet
spy code, allowing them to read messages between Moscow and the
United States. This did not become public knowledge until 1995,
when the government revealed Project Venonas existence. It provided
strong evidence against the Rosenbergs. Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. A New Red Scare
(cont.) (pages 668670)
Slide 85
Section 3-12 The federal government set the example for many
state and local governments, universities, businesses, unions, and
churches to start finding Communists. A New Red Scare (cont.)
(pages 668670)
Slide 86
Section 3-13 Why did the hunt for Communist spies increase with
the Soviet Unions production of the atomic bomb? Many believed that
the Soviet Union could not have produced the atomic bomb without
help. The belief was that American Communists must have sold
secrets of the atomic bomb to the Soviets. Click the mouse button
or press the Space Bar to display the answer. A New Red Scare
(cont.) (pages 668670)
Slide 87
Section 3-14 A Conspiracy So Immense Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. In 1949, with the
Soviet Union testing an atomic bomb and China falling to communism,
Americans felt they were losing the Cold War. Americans continued
to believe that Communists were inside the government. Senator
Joseph R. McCarthy, in a political speech, stated that he had a
list of 205 Communists in the state department. (pages 671673)
Slide 88
Section 3-15 McCarthy won the Senate race after accusing his
opponent of being a Communist. He accused Democratic Party leaders
of corruption and of protecting Communists. Others made similar
charges, causing Americans to begin to believe them. A Conspiracy
So Immense (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. (pages 671673)
Slide 89
Section 3-16 Congress passed the Internal Security Act or
McCarran Act in 1950. The act made it illegal to combine, conspire,
or agree with any other person to perform any act which would
substantially contribute to... the establishment of a totalitarian
government. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. A Conspiracy So Immense (cont.) (pages
671673)
Slide 90
Section 3-17 Senator Joseph R. McCarthy became the chairman of
the Senate subcommittee on investigations. His investigation turned
into a witch hunt as he searched for disloyalty based on poor
evidence and fear. He ruined reputations without proper evidence.
This tactic became known as McCarthyism. Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. A Conspiracy So
Immense (cont.) (pages 671673)
Slide 91
Section 3-18 In 1954 Americans watched televised Army-McCarthy
hearings and saw how McCarthy attacked witnesses, and his
popularity faded. Finally, an army lawyer named Joseph Welch stood
up to McCarthy. Later that year, the Senate passed a vote of
censure, or formal disapproval, against McCarthy. Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information. A
Conspiracy So Immense (cont.) (pages 671673)
Slide 92
Section 3-19 Why were people afraid to challenge McCarthy and
his tactics? People were afraid to challenge McCarthy because they
feared McCarthy would accuse them of being Communists. Click the
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. A
Conspiracy So Immense (cont.) (pages 671673)
Slide 93
Section 3-20 Life During the Early Cold War Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Communism
and the threat of the atomic bomb dominated life for Americans and
their leaders in the 1950s. The threat of an atomic attack against
the United States forced Americans to prepare for a surprise
attack. (pages 673674)
Slide 94
Section 3-21 Although Americans tried to protect themselves,
experts realized that for every person killed instantly by a
nuclear blast, four more would later die from fallout, the
radiation left over after the blast. Some families built fallout
shelters in their backyards and stocked them with canned food. Life
During the Early Cold War (cont.) Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 673674)
Slide 95
Section 3-22 The 1950s was a time of great contrasts. Images of
the Cold War appeared in films and popular fiction. Along with
these fears of communism and spies, the country enjoyed postwar
prosperity and optimism. Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the information. Life During the Early Cold War
(cont.) (pages 673674)
Slide 96
Section 3-23 How did Americans prepare for an atomic attack?
American schools had bomb shelters and held bomb drills. Some
families built fallout shelters in their backyards and filled them
with canned food. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answer. Life During the Early Cold War (cont.) (pages
673674)
Slide 97
Section 3-24 Checking for Understanding __ 1.a shelter built
with the intent to house and protect people from nuclear fallout __
2.lying when one has sworn under oath to tell the truth __ 3.a
systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using persons
working secretly from within __ 4.radioactive particles dispersed
by a nuclear explosion __ 5.to express a formal disapproval of an
action A.subversion B.perjury C.censure D.fallout E.fallout shelter
Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the
left. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
answers. B A E D C
Slide 98
Section 3-25 Checking for Understanding (cont.) Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Explain the
goals of Project Venona. The goals of Project Verona were to crack
the Soviet spy code and confirm Soviet spying.
Slide 99
Section 3-26 Checking for Understanding (cont.) Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing
Facts What did the McCarran Act propose to do? The McCarran Act
proposed to make it illegal to associate with or be a
Communist.
Slide 100
Section 3-27 Reviewing Themes Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Civic Rights and
Responsibilities How did McCarthyism and the Red Scare change
American society and government? While people were enjoying postwar
prosperity and optimism, they feared communism and an atomic
attack.
Slide 101
Section 3-28 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Interpreting Why did McCarthy
initially receive a lot of support for his efforts to expose
Communists? People feared communism.
Slide 102
Section 3-29 Analyzing Visuals Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Photographs Study
the photograph of the Army-McCarthy hearings on page 672 of your
textbook. From their postures, how would you describe the attitude
of army lawyer Joseph Welch toward Senator Joseph McCarthy? Do you
think Welch respects McCarthys presentation? Answers will
vary.
Slide 103
Section 3-30 Close Discuss how American society reflected fears
of the nuclear age.
Slide 104
End of Section 3
Slide 105
Section 4-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading As president, Eisenhower
developed plans to reduce world tensions while containing and
competing with communism. massive retaliation Main Idea Key Terms
and Names Sputnik brinkmanship covert Central Intelligence Agency
developing nation military-industrial complex
Slide 106
Section 4-2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Guide to Reading (cont.) Reading Strategy
Organizing As you read about Eisenhowers presidency, complete a
graphic organizer similar to the one on page 675 of your textbook
by filling in aspects of Eisenhowers New Look. Evaluate Eisenhowers
military policy known as the New Look. Reading Objectives Debate
the effectiveness of Eisenhowers foreign policy.
Slide 107
Section 4-3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Theme Science and
Technology Nuclear technology enabled Eisenhower to change American
military policy, while new missile technology marked the beginning
of the space age.
Slide 108
Section 4-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio
again.
Slide 109
Section 4-5 Eisenhowers New Look Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. The election of
1952 placed Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson against Republican
Dwight D. Eisenhower. Eisenhower, the general who organized the
D-Day invasion, was a national hero. Eisenhower won by a landslide.
(pages 675677)
Slide 110
Section 4-6 Eisenhower felt the way to win the Cold War was
through a strong military and a strong economy. Eisenhower believed
a conventional war would be too expensive and would hurt the
economy. He believed the use of atomic weapons was necessary.
Eisenhower felt the United States needed a New Look in its defense
policy. Eisenhowers New Look (cont.) Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 675677)
Slide 111
Section 4-7 Eisenhower wanted to prevent war from happening in
the first place. A policy called massive retaliation was used to
threaten the use of nuclear weapons on any Communist state that
tried to gain territory through force. This resulted in a cut in
military spending and an increase in Americas nuclear arsenal.
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
information. Eisenhowers New Look (cont.) (pages 675677)
Slide 112
Section 4-8 New technology brought the B-52 bomber, which could
fly across continents and drop nuclear bombs anywhere in the world.
Intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarines capable of
launching nuclear missiles were also created. Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Eisenhowers New Look (cont.) (pages 675677)
Slide 113
Section 4-9 Americans discovered that the Soviets had developed
their own nuclear missiles. On October 4, 1957, the Soviets
launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit the
earth. The Americans felt they were falling behind in missile
technology. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Eisenhowers New Look (cont.) (pages
675677)
Slide 114
Section 4-10 The next year, Congress created the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and also passed the
National Defense Education Act (NDEA). Eisenhowers New Look (cont.)
(pages 675677)
Slide 115
Section 4-11 Why did Eisenhower feel a strong economy would win
the Cold War? Eisenhower felt that the United States needed to show
that free enterprise would produce a more prosperous society than
communism. Economic prosperity would also prevent Communists from
gaining support in the United States, protecting the U.S. from
subversion. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answer. Eisenhowers New Look (cont.) (pages
675677)
Slide 116
Section 4-12 Brinkmanship In Action Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. President
Eisenhowers willingness to threaten nuclear war to maintain peace
worried some people. Critics argued that brinkmanship, the
willingness to go to war to force the other side to back down, was
too dangerous. (pages 677679)
Slide 117
Section 4-13 The Korean War ended with the signing of an
armistice in 1953. This came after Eisenhower had gone to the brink
and threatened to use nuclear weapons. The battle line became the
border between North Korea and South Korea. Although there was no
victory, it had stopped communism from spreading. Brinkmanship In
Action (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. (pages 677679)
Slide 118
Section 4-14 In 1954 China threatened to take over two of the
islands from the Nationalists in Taiwan. Eisenhower threatened the
use of nuclear weapons if China tried to invade Taiwan. China
retreated. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. Brinkmanship In Action (cont.) (pages 677679)
Slide 119
Section 4-15 Eisenhower wanted to prevent Arab nations in the
Middle East from aligning with the Soviet Union. To gain support,
the United States offered to help finance the construction of a dam
on the Nile River for Egypt. Congress forced the United States to
withdraw the offer. Egyptians took control of the Suez Canal to use
its profits to pay for the dam. Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information. Brinkmanship In Action
(cont.) (pages 677679)
Slide 120
Section 4-16 British and French troops responded by invading
the Suez Canal. Soviets threatened rocket attacks on Britain and
France. Eisenhower put American nuclear forces on alert, and
through strong American pressure the British and French called off
their invasion. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the information. Brinkmanship In Action (cont.) (pages
677679)
Slide 121
Section 4-17 Why did the United States withdraw its offer to
Egypt to finance the dam on the Nile River? The offer was withdrawn
because Egypt had purchased weapons from Communist Czechoslovakia.
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the
answer. Brinkmanship In Action (cont.) (pages 677679)
Slide 122
Section 4-18 Fighting Communism Covertly Click the mouse button
or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brinkmanship
would not work in all situations, and it could not prevent
Communists from revolting within countries. To prevent this,
Eisenhower used covert, or hidden, operations conducted by the
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). (pages 679680)
Slide 123
Section 4-19 The CIA operations took place in developing
nations, or those nations with mostly agricultural economies. In
many of these countries, leaders felt European imperialism and
American capitalism were the causes of their problems. Two examples
of covert operations that achieved American objectives took place
in Iran and Guatemala in the 1950s. Fighting Communism Covertly
(cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. (pages 679680)
Slide 124
Section 4-20 Covert operations did not always work. After
Stalin died, Nikita Khrushchev became the new leader of the Soviet
Union in 1956. He delivered a secret speech to Soviet leaders,
which the CIA broadcast to Eastern Europe. Eastern Europeans,
frustrated by Communist rule, staged riots, and a full- scale
uprising took place in Hungary. Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information. Fighting Communism Covertly
(cont.) (pages 679680)
Slide 125
Section 4-21 Soviet tanks entered Budapest, the capital of
Hungary, and stopped the rebellion. Fighting Communism Covertly
(cont.) (pages 679680)
Slide 126
Section 4-22 Why did Eisenhower respond to the crisis in
Taiwan? Eisenhower felt that Taiwan was a part of the
anticommunistic barrier in Asia. Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Fighting Communism Covertly
(cont.) (pages 679680)
Slide 127
Section 4-23 Continuing Tensions Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. Eisenhower and
Soviet leader Khrushchev agreed to a summit in Paris in order to
improve relations. Khrushchev stopped the summit after the Soviets
shot down an American spy plane piloted by Francis Gary Powers.
(page 680)
Slide 128
Section 4-24 In his farewell address, Eisenhower warned
Americans to be on guard against the influence of a
military-industrial complex in a democracy. It was a new
relationship between the military establishment and the defense
industry. Continuing Tensions (cont.) Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the information. (page 680)
Slide 129
Section 4-25 What happened when the Soviet Union shot down an
American U-2 spy plane? Eisenhower first claimed it was a weather
plane that had strayed off course. Khrushchev dramatically produced
the pilot, and after Eisenhower refused to apologize, Khrushchev
stopped the summit in Paris. Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer. Continuing Tensions (cont.) (page
680)
Slide 130
Section 4-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 1.not openly
shown or engaged in __ 2.an informal relationship that some people
believe exits between the military and the defense industry to
promote greater military spending and influence government policy
__ 3.the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent
to back down A.massive retaliation B.brinkmanship C.covert
D.developing nation E.military-industrial complex Define Match the
terms on the right with their definitions on the left. Click the
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. E B
C
Slide 131
Section 4-27 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 4.a nation whose
economy is primarily agricultural __ 5.a policy of threatening a
massive response, including the use of nuclear weapons, against a
Communist state trying to seize a peaceful state by force A.massive
retaliation B.brinkmanship C.covert D.developing nation
E.military-industrial complex Define Match the terms on the right
with their definitions on the left. Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answers. A D
Slide 132
Section 4-28 Checking for Understanding (cont.) Click the mouse
button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Reviewing
Facts What was the significance of the Soviet Unions launching of
Sputnik in 1957? It stunned Americans and led to the creation of
NASA and the passage of the NDEA.
Slide 133
Section 4-29 Reviewing Themes Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Science and Technology How did
technology shape Eisenhowers military policy? It allowed him to
pursue the policy of brinkmanship since the nuclear arsenal was a
real threat. It also allowed covert operations in Iran and
Guatemala.
Slide 134
Section 4-30 Critical Thinking Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Interpreting Do you think
Eisenhowers foreign policy was successful? Why or why not? Answers
will vary.
Slide 135
Section 4-31 Analyzing Visuals Click the mouse button or press
the Space Bar to display the answer. Analyzing Maps Study the map
on page 678 of your textbook. How many nations belonged to NATO?
How many nations belonged to the Warsaw Pact? Which nations did not
belong to either NATO or the Warsaw Pact? There are 12 NATO nations
on the map (Iceland is also a member, but is not shown on the map).
There were eight Warsaw Pact nations. Seven nations did not belong
to NATO or the Warsaw Pact.
Slide 136
Section 4-32 Close Debate the effectiveness of Eisenhowers
foreign policy.
Slide 137
End of Section 4
Slide 138
Chapter Summary 1
Slide 139
End of Chapter Summary
Slide 140
Chapter Assessment 1 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answers. Reviewing Key Terms Define Match the
terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1.the
political and military barrier that isolated Soviet- controlled
countries of Eastern Europe after World War II __ 2.a shelter built
with the intent to house and protect people from nuclear fallout __
3.a systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using persons
working secretly from within __ 4.a nation whose economy is
primarily agricultural A.Cold War B.iron curtain C.limited war
D.subversion E.perjury F.censure G.fallout shelter H.brinkmanship
I.covert J.developing nation G D B J
Slide 141
Chapter Assessment 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answers. Reviewing Key Terms (cont.) Define
Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __
5.a war fought with limited commitment of resources to achieve a
limited objective, such as containing communism __ 6.not openly
shown or engaged in __ 7.to express a formal disapproval of an
action __ 8.the ideological and often confrontational conflict
between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1946 and
1990 I F C A A.Cold War B.iron curtain C.limited war D.subversion
E.perjury F.censure G.fallout shelter H.brinkmanship I.covert
J.developing nation
Slide 142
Chapter Assessment 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answers. Reviewing Key Terms (cont.) Define
Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __
9.the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to
back down __ 10.lying when one has sworn under oath to tell the
truth E H A.Cold War B.iron curtain C.limited war D.subversion
E.perjury F.censure G.fallout shelter H.brinkmanship I.covert
J.developing nation
Slide 143
Chapter Assessment 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Key Facts How did Stalins
postwar foreign policy goals add to the growing tensions between
the United States and the USSR? Stalins push for German reparations
and for a Communist government in Poland conflicted with United
States desire for democracy in Poland and economic recovery for
Germany.
Slide 144
Chapter Assessment 5 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Key Facts (cont.) Why were
NATO and the Warsaw Pact formed? NATO was formed to maintain peace
and freedom for European nations, and the Warsaw Pact was formed to
achieve Soviet foreign policy goals.
Slide 145
Chapter Assessment 6 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Key Facts (cont.) What was the
long-term strategy of the United States during the Cold War? The
long-term strategy was to fight the spread of communism
worldwide.
Slide 146
Chapter Assessment 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Key Facts (cont.) What were
the effects of the new Red Scare on federal employees? Federal
employees faced stricter screening and termination if they were
suspected of being disloyal.
Slide 147
Chapter Assessment 8 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Reviewing Key Facts (cont.) What was
President Eisenhowers new look for the military? Eisenhower favored
the use of atomic weapons, instead of maintaining a large and
expensive army.
Slide 148
Chapter Assessment 9 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Analyzing Themes:
Global Connections How did the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall
Plan cause the United States to change its foreign policy goal of
isolationism? They highlighted the possibility of Communist
influence in Turkey, Greece, and Europe, resulting in the
containment policy and increased foreign aid.
Slide 149
Chapter Assessment 10 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking (cont.) Evaluating How
did the Korean War affect American domestic and international
policy? In terms of domestic policy, it reinforced the idea of
containment and greater military readiness. In terms of
international policy, it brought the Cold War to Asia and led to
United States defense agreements with Asian countries.
Slide 150
Chapter Assessment 11 Geography and History The map on page 683
of your textbook shows the occupation of Berlin after World War II.
Study the map below and answer the questions on the following
slides.
Slide 151
Chapter Assessment 12 Interpreting Maps How was West Berlins
location a disadvantage? How did Stalin use this disadvantage
against the Western Allies? It was completely surrounded by East
Germany. Stalin blockaded it. Geography and History (cont.) Click
the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Slide 152
Chapter Assessment 12 Geography and History (cont.) Click the
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Applying
Geography Skills What transportation advantage did West Berlin have
over East Berlin? How did the United States use this advantage when
West Berlin was stranded? It had three airports that were used to
shuttle food and supplies to the Berliners.
Slide 153
Chapter Assessment 13 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answer. Directions: Choose the phrase that best
completes the following sentence. One historical lesson of
McCarthys approach is the realization that Aloyalty oaths prevent
spying. Bcommunism is influential in prosperous times. CCommunist
agents had infiltrated all levels of the U.S. government. Dpublic
fear of traitors can lead to false accusations and unfair
consequences. Test-Taking Tip Think about the definition of
McCarthyism, the use of unsubstantiated accusations to discredit
people. Which of the answers relates best to this definition?
Slide 154
fscstart /AR2 /2 /fsc.6.21 Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the answer. How long did the era called the
Cold War last? The Cold War lasted from 1946 to 1991.
Slide 155
End of Chapter Assessment
Slide 156
CC 3-1 Literature In his 1953 play, The Crucible, playwright
Arthur Miller wrote about the witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts,
in the 1600s. Despite the setting, Miller made it clear that the
play was referring to the McCarthy era.
Slide 157
CC 4-1 World History Many historians recognize Gamal Abdel
Nassers move to seize control of the Suez Canal as the beginning of
a process that would eventually dissolve the British Empire.
Slide 158
F/F/F 1-Fact Cold War Words The development of nuclear weapons
and artificial satellites created not only new anxieties but also
new words and expressions. Sputnik, the name of the Soviet
satellite, started its own language trend, as words gained a nik
ending for a foreign-sounding effect. One new word, beatnik,
described a young person influenced by the style of Beat writers
such as Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg. Another word, peacenik,
was used to describe a peace activist. The atomic bomb test on
Bikini Atoll gave the Nuclear Age two new words: fallout, the term
for the harmful radiation left over after an atomic blast, and
bikini, a skimpy swimsuit that French designers promised would
produce an explosion on the beach. The Cold War inspired the
marketing of Nuclear Attack Survival Kit Water, which was bottled
water claiming to be impervious to nuclear fallout.
Slide 159
FYI Contents 1 Superpowers Berlin Click on a hyperlink to view
the corresponding slide.
Slide 160
FYI 1-1a The only two superpowers left after World War II were
the United States and the Soviet Union; they had as much productive
capacity between them as the rest of the world combined.
Slide 161
FYI 1-2b Over 750 years old, Berlin has been a major European
cultural center since the 1700s. Following the reunification of
Germany in 1990, Berlin was reestablished as the capital in
1991.
Slide 162
FYI Contents 2 Berlin Airlift MacArthur Click on a hyperlink to
view the corresponding slide.
Slide 163
FYI 2-1a During the Berlin airlift, a plane flew into the city
every three minutes. Without the supplies those planes carried,
West Berliners would have had to back down.
Slide 164
FYI 2-2b Douglas MacArthur and his father are the only father
and son to have both received the Medal of Honor for people who
perform extraordinary acts of heroism.
Slide 165
FYI Contents 3 The Rosenbergs The Hollywood Ten McCarthy Click
on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Slide 166
FYI 3-1a Many people, including Albert Einstein and Pope Pius
XII, urged clemency for the Rosenbergs. Files released after the
fall of the Soviet Union seem to indicate that the Rosenbergs were
guilty. However, information based on a 1996 interview with David
Greenglass, Ethel Rosenbergs brother, puts Ethels guilt in
doubt.
Slide 167
FYI 3-2b Of the film industry people investigated by HUAC, ten
went to prison. This group often referred to as The Hollywood Ten,
consisted of Alvah Bessie, Herbert J. Biberman, Lester Cole, Edward
Dmytryk, Ring Lardner, Jr., John Howard Lawson, Albert Maltz,
Samuel Ornitz, Adrian Scott, and Dalton Trumbo.
Slide 168
FYI 3-3c Many Americans were afraid to challenge McCarthy. Even
Dwight D. Eisenhower, running for president in 1952, did not speak
out against him, though Eisenhower disliked McCarthys tactics. Once
he was elected president, he worked with congressional leaders to
undermine McCarthys authority.
Slide 169
FYI Contents 4 Suez Canal The Shah Click on a hyperlink to view
the corresponding slide.
Slide 170
FYI 4-2b The Suez Canal, which connects the Mediterranean and
Red Seas, opened in 1869. It cut approximately 4,000 miles off
voyages between Britain and India.
Slide 171
FYI 4-3c Many people in Iran resented the Shahs close ties with
the West. Their anger at the Shahs attachment to Western ideas and
customs helped fuel the 1979 revolt against him. Mohammed Reza Shah
Pahlavi died in exile in 1980.
Slide 172
Moment in History 1 Click the Speaker button to listen to the
audio again.
Slide 173
You Dont Say Contents 2 Marshall Opposition Chinese Changes
Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Slide 174
You Dont Say 2-1a Marshall Opposition Senator Robert A. Taft
opposed the Marshall Plan, calling it a global- give-away program.
He was concerned that the plan would bankrupt the United
States.
Slide 175
You Dont Say 2-2b Chinese Changes In October 2000 the Library
of Congress and other U.S. libraries joined the international
community and began using the Pinyin standard to convert Chinese
characters. Pinyin has been widely used since 1979. In the older
Wade-Giles system, it was Mao Tse-tung. In the Pinyin system, it is
Mao Zedong.
Slide 176
CT Skill Builder 1 Making Decisions Suppose you have been given
the choice of taking an art class or a music class during your free
period during school. How will you decide which class to take?
Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Slide 177
CT Skill Builder 2 Learning the Skill When you make a decision,
you are making a choice between alternatives. In order to make that
choice, you must be informed and aware. There are five key steps
you should follow that will help you through the process of making
decisions. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display
the information. Making Decisions Identify the problem. What are
you being asked to choose between? Gather information to identify
and consider various alternatives that are possible.
Slide 178
CT Skill Builder 3 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the information. Learning the Skill (cont.)
Determine the consequences for each alternative. Identify both
positive and negative consequences. Evaluate the consequences.
Consider both the positive and negative consequences for each
alternative. Determine which alternative seems to have more
positive than negative consequences. Then make your decision.
Making Decisions
Slide 179
CT Skill Builder 5 Practicing the Skill Decisions throughout
history have affected the outcome of events and defined history as
we know it today. Identify the alternatives and describe their
consequences for each of the following events that occurred after
World War II. Each of these events took place as a result of a
decision made by a person or a group of people. Making
Decisions
Slide 180
1.Britain and the United States recognize the Soviet- backed
government that takes control in Poland. 2.The United States
orchestrates the Berlin airlift to assist residents of West Berlin
after Stalin cuts off surface transportation bringing supplies from
the West. CT Skill Builder 6 Nonrecognition leads to tension and
possible war. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to
display the answers. Making Decisions No airlift makes Berlin
residents suffer and the United States look weak. Practicing the
Skill (cont.)
Slide 181
CT Skill Builder 7 Click the mouse button or press the Space
Bar to display the answers. 3.The Marshall Plan for rebuilding
war-torn Western Europe is approved. 4.President Truman relieves
General Douglas MacArthur of his command because of
insubordination. No Marshall Plan hurts Europes economy and its
political stability. Leaving MacArthur in command might lead to war
with China and greater American involvement in Asia. Making
Decisions Practicing the Skill (cont.)
Slide 182
Causes and Effects 1
Slide 183
M/C 1-1
Slide 184
M/C 2-1
Slide 185
M/C 3-1
Slide 186
Technology and History 1 Click the mouse button or press the
Space Bar to display the information.
Slide 187
Why It Matters Transparency
Slide 188
Daily Focus Skills Transparency 1 Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Slide 189
Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2 Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Slide 190
Daily Focus Skills Transparency 3 Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the answer. No. Few Communists were
actually found.
Slide 191
Daily Focus Skills Transparency 4 Click the mouse button or
press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Slide 192
GO 1
Slide 193
GO 2
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GO 3
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GO 4
Slide 196
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