Space Weather and Space Surveillance correlations within the future European SSA system Th. Donath (ONERA), C. Saunders (QinetiQ), A. Hilgers (ESA) 5th

Space Weather and Space Surveillance correlations within the future European SSA system

Th. Donath (ONERA), C. Saunders (QinetiQ), A. Hilgers (ESA)

5th European Space Weather Week, 17 - 21 November 2008 - Royal Library of Belgium (Brussels)

Slide #2 - 5th European Space Weather Week, 17 - 21 November 2008 - Royal Library of Belgium (Brussels)

Contents

• Users’ requirements

• Functional requirements

• Technical requirements

• Possible architectural options

• Conclusions


Users’ requirements

• To be aware of the Space Situation :• Trackable space objects• Space environment (radiations, non trackable space objects)• NEOs

• To be aware of the Threats against space assets of interest or coming from space :

• Collisions• Break-ups• Re-entries• Interferences• Charging, aging, mechanical effects or arcing due to particles …

• To be autonomous in Europe thanks to verifiable, dependable, accurate and timely information.


System

Earth orbital

population

Users Space assets of interest

Contributing sensors Contributing sources of information

Data policy

Resources sharing

principles Space environment

Space threats

Functional requirements

MF2

MF1

MF3CF1

CF2


Technical requirementsData structure

Internal ID

Attributes

Data policy attributes

Data type

Data ID given by the system to each data representing one piece of information.

Data characteristics :1. Epoch2. Format3. Value (1D, 2D, 3D, 4D)4. Confidence degree5. Source6. Related IDs 7. History

Data characteristics for relations with Users :1. Confidentiality 2. Priority

Possible data types :1. Users’ request2. Space object data3. Space environment data4. NEO data5. Warning data6. Raw information7. Answer to User.


Technical requirementsRequired assets

Mandatory for MF1Mandatory for MF1

MF2MF2 MF3MF3Non MFidedicated

MF3

Thermosphericmeasurements

Solar wind measurements

X-UV Sun + solar UV flux

Ionosphericmeasurements

e- & p+, particulate detectors

MF2

MF1

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

Main function

MF3






MF2

MF1

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

Main function

Users’ interface

Contributing sources of information

Commsnetwork

Models & data processing

Internal Databases

MF3

MF2

MF1

Planning processing

Main function

Users’ interface

Contributing sources of information

Commsnetwork

Models & data processing

Internal Databases

MF3

MF2

MF1

Planning processing

Main function


Technical requirementsSensors locations

L12 SSO/ GEO/L1

GTO dataFor

Ground-based

GTOGTOGTOSpace-based

MEO/GEO dataFor

Ground-based

MEO / GEOSSOSSOSpace-based

Particulate

Ground-based

SSO4 SSOSpace-based

« Atmospheric » data

2&3


2&3

Solar wind

measurements

Solar data

2&3

X-UV Sun +

solar UV flux

2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

L12 SSO/ GEO/L1

GTO dataFor

Ground-based


MEO/GEO dataFor

Ground-based


Particulate

Ground-based

SSO4 SSOSpace-based


2&3


2&3

Solar wind

measurements

Solar data

2&3

X-UV Sun +

solar UV flux

2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

Recommended / possible solutionRecommended / possible solution

Not recommended / impossible solutionNot recommended / impossible solution

No requirement


Technical requirementsSensors types

L12 SSO/ GEO/L1

GTO dataFor

Ground-based


MEO/GEO dataFor

Ground-based


Particulate

Ground-based

SSO4 SSOSpace-based


2&3


2&3

Solar wind

measurements

Solar data

2&3

X-UV Sun +

solar UV flux

2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

L12 SSO/ GEO/L1

GTO dataFor

Ground-based


MEO/GEO dataFor

Ground-based


Particulate

Ground-based

SSO4 SSOSpace-based


2&3


2&3

Solar wind

measurements

Solar data

2&3

X-UV Sun +

solar UV flux

2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

OpticalOptical RadarRadarNot recommended / No requirementNot recommended / No requirement

Dedicated to measurement domain

Dedicated to measurement domain


Possible architectural options

Three architectural options due to sensors :

• Mostly ground-based option

• Space-based option for high-altitude orbits

• Mixed option

In any case, an information system with :

• A “unified” data structure whatever the data type

• A “unified” data processing / domain whatever the locations and types of sensors.

• A “unified” data management / data centre with an “agreed” data policy to guarantee the non disclosure of sensitive information.

• A GEO Data Relay Satellite for ensuring SW data timeliness.


Option 1 : Mostly ground-based architecture

GEO DRS

Ground-based Space-based No requirement

L12 SSO/ GEO/L14 SSO

GTO dataFor

GTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor

MEO / GEOLocation

Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

L12 SSO/ GEO/L14 SSO

GTO dataFor

GTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor

MEO / GEOLocation

Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

GEO DRS

2 SSO2 SSO

SS&SW synergy

Possible sub-

options


Option 2 : Space-based architecture for high-altitude orbits

SSO L12 SSO/ GEO/L14 SSO

GTO dataFor

GTOGTOGTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor

MEO / GEOSSOSSOLocation

Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors


GTO dataFor

GTOGTOGTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor


Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

2 SSO2 SSO

2 SSO2 SSO L1

Ground-based Space-based No requirementSS&SW synergy

Possible sub-

options

GEO DRSGEO DRS 2 SSO SSO


Option 3 : Mixed architecture


GTO dataFor

GTOGTOGTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor


Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors


GTO dataFor

GTOGTOGTOLocation

MEO/GEO dataFor


Location


2&3


2&3


Solar data

2&3


2&3


2&3


LEO dataFor

1&2&31&2MF

Tracking sensors

Survey sensors

Ground-based Space-based No requirementSS&SW synergy

GEO DRSGEO DRS

2 SSO2 SSO

2 SSO2 SSO L1

2 SSO

Possible sub-

options

SSO

See next slides


Option 3 : GEO DRS as coupling assets between SS and SW

CyprusGEO&MEO tracking

MarquesasMEO survey

GEO&MEO tracking DR ground station

PerthGEO&MEO tracking

GEO DRSDR for SSO

E-&p+ detectors

GEO DRSDR for SSO

Solar X-ray imager / solar UV fluxE-&p+ detectors

SSO assetGTO/HEO survey

Limited GTO/HEO trackingE-&p+ detectors

Ionospheric TEC (via GPS)SSO assetGEO survey

Limited GEO trackingE-&p+ detctors

Ionospheric TEC (via GPS)L1 solar observatory

Solar wind density & speedSolar wind temperature

Solar wind magnetic fieldE-&p+ detectors

ReduData Relay

High latitude TT&C stationData reception for SSO asset

TenerifeMEO survey

GEO&MEO tracking

UHF radarLEO survey

Contributing Space weather assets E-&p+ detectors (PROBA-1, METOP,

JASON2, SAC-D, Galileo IOV-1,IOV-2, Alpha sat, XMM)

Solar imaging/UV (PROBA-2)Ionospheric density (PROBA-2, SWARM)

Ground-based Space-based SS&SW synergy


Option 3 : GEO DRS and SSO platform as coupling assets between SS and SW

TenerifeMEO survey

GEO&MEO tracking

UHF radarLEO survey Cyprus

GEO&MEO tracking

MarquesasMEO survey

GEO&MEO tracking DR ground station

GEO DRSDR for SSO

E-&p+ detectors

SSO assetGTO/HEO survey

Limited GTO/HEO trackingSolar X-ray imager / solar UV flux

E-&p+ detectorsIonospheric TEC (via GPS)

SSO assetGEO survey

Limited GEO trackingSolar X-ray imager / solar UV flux

E-&p+ detctorsIonospheric TEC (via GPS)

L1 solar observatorySolar wind density & speed

Solar wind temperatureSolar wind magnetic field

E-&p+ detectors

High latitude TT&C stationData reception for SSO asset

GEO DRSDR for SSO

E-&p+ detectors

ReduData Relay

Contributing Space weather assets E-&p+ detectors (PROBA-1, METOP,

JASON2, SAC-D, Galileo IOV-1,IOV-2, Alpha sat, XMM)

Solar imaging/UV (PROBA-2)Ionospheric density (PROBA-2, SWARM)

PerthGEO&MEO tracking

Ground-based Space-based SS&SW synergy


Conclusions

• SSA is a System of Systems dealing with :• Space surveillance• Space weather• NEOs

• Architecture of the SSA system may enhance the coupling between these domains,

• Considering that SSA system is an information system (with unified data structure, with unified data processing/domain, with unified data management)

• Considering space-based assets for carrying sensors for space surveillance and space weather domains (i.e. SSO platform)

• Considering that the SSA system may be also its own user (i.e thermosphere and ionosphere knowledge).


Documents

Space Weather and Space Surveillance correlations within the future European SSA system Th. Donath (ONERA), C. Saunders (QinetiQ), A. Hilgers (ESA) 5th