Sowing Seeds in the Desert by Masanobu Fukuoka - Introduction

8/2/2019 Sowing Seeds in the Desert by Masanobu Fukuoka - Introduction

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D`trnhumtdn`

E I () was a Oapa`jsjarejr a`h pkdcnsnpkjr rne kj dsca`h n ]kdgngu.Kds àurac ared`l jmk`dquj rjqudrjs `n eamkd`jrynr nssdc ujc, `n mkjedmacs, `n prjparjh mnepns, a`hvjry cdtcj wjjhd`l. Er. Iugunga hdh `n pcnw kj sndcnr knch wajr d` kds rdmj fijchs acc sjasn` cn`l as arejrskavj hn`j nr mjùrdjs d` Asda a`h arnu`h kj wnrch.A`h yj, Er. Iugunga ln ydjchs mneparabcj n nrkdlkjr ka` kj ens prnhumdvj ares d` Oapa`. Kdsejknh mrjajh `n pnccudn`, a`h kj jrdcdy n kdsfijchs deprnvjh wdk jamk sjasn`.

Xds jmk`dquj ds a hjen`sradn` n Er. Iugungasbamg-n-àurj pkdcnsnpky. Kds ejssalj ds n`j n vdsdnà`h n knpj. D sknws kj way n a brdlkjr uurj nr

kuea`dy, a uurj wkjrj pjnpcj, àurj, a`h acc nkjrnres n cdj cdvj pjamjuccy nljkjr d` abu`ha`mj.

Xj firs n Er. Iugungas bnngs n bj ra`scajh d`nJ`lcdsk was Xj N`j-]traw Rjvncutdn`?A` D`trnhumtdn`tn @aturac Iared`l (Rnhacj Vrjss, ). As kj subdcjsulljss, kds bnng was eja` as a` d`rnhumdn`bnk n kds wnrchvdjw a`h n kj ared`l ejknhs kj

hjvjcnpjh d` ammnrha`mj wdk d. D` kj bnng kj nchkj snry n knw kj maej n are d` kj way ka kjhdh, wdk a` nvjrvdjw n kds pkdcnsnpky a`h ared`l


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jmk`dqujs. Kj acsn lavj kds vdjws abnu sumk kd`lsas hdj, jmn`nedms, pncddms, a`h kj u`nruàj pakkuea`dy kas mknsj` by sjparad`l dsjc rne àurj.

D` kds jx J`lcdsk-ca`lualj bnng, Xj @aturac \ayni Iared`l (Oapa` Vubcdmadn`s, ), Er. Iugungalavj kj hjadcs n knw kds ared`l jmk`dqujs jvncvjhnvjr kj yjars. Xds bnng was ead`cy pramdmac, a`h,

wkdcj d hdh `n kavj as wdhj a rjahjrskdp as Xj N`j-]traw Rjvncutdn , ds sdcc wjcc wnrk rjahd`l, jspjmdaccynr knsj d`jrjsjh d` putd`l Er. Iugungas àuracared`l ejknhs d`n pramdmj n` kjdr nw` ca`h.

D` kj prjsj` bnng, ]nwd`l ]jjhs d` tkj Hjsjrt,Er. Iugunga ldvjs kj hjadcs n kds pkdcnsnpky, a`hd`rnhumjs kds pca` n rjvjljaj kj hjsjrs n kjwnrch usd`l àurac ared`l. D ds kds cas wnrg a`h dèa`y rjspjms, d ds kds ens depnra`.

D ae `n surj wka D jxpjmjh wkj` D firs vdsdjhEr. Iugungas are n`j sueejr hay d` , bu wka Dnu`h jxmjjhjh a`ykd`l D mnuch kavj deald`jh. D kahbjj` cdvd`l d` Oapa` nr sjvjrac yjars, wnrgd`l n` bamg-n-kj-ca`h mneeu`js a`h hnd`l sjasnàc alrdmucuraconbs wkj` D mnuch fi`h kje. D kah kjarh snrdjs abnu

Er. Iugunga, acways d`mcuhd`l kdlk rjspjm nr kds spdr-duac jamkd`ls, bu `n n`j D acgjh n kah amuaccy bjj`n kds are nr cjar`jh a`y n kj hjadcs n kds ared`ljmk`dqujs, sn D hjmdhjh n ln kjrj a`h sjj nr eysjc.

Xj rdmj pca`s d` kds fijchs wjrj sknrjr ka` kds`jdlkbnrs rdmj, a`h kah a harg lrjj`, acens ncdvj mncnr.Xjrj wjrj ea`y enrj lrad`s n` jamk kjah, a`h mcnvjr

a`h sraw mnvjrjh kj suramj n kj sndc. D`sjms wjrjflyd`l abnu jvjrywkjrj7 kj fijch was `n flnnhjh, buhry. Xds was d` sarg mn`ras wdk kj `jdlkbnrs fijchs,


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wkdmk wjrj `ja a`h dhy, sradlk rnws n rdmj lrnw`d` flnnhjh fijchs wdk `n wjjhs a`h `n d`sjms n a`ygd`h. Er. Iugunga maej n lrjj ej a`h asgjh d D kahjvjr sjj` rdmj cdgj kds. D nch kde ka D kah `n. Kj sadh,Xj rjasn` kjsj pca`s a`h kj fijchs cnng kds wayds bjmausj kj sndc kas `n bjj` pcnwjh nr enrj ka`wj`y-fivj yjars.

D kah kjarh ka Er. Iugunga wjcmnejh suhj`sn cdvj a`h wnrg n` kj are, sn D asgjh kde d D mnuchsay nr a wkdcj. Kj sadh, ]urj, d ynu arj wdccd`l nwnrg a`h n cjar` snejkd`l a cdtcj hdstjrj`. agjkj pak up n kj nrmkarh, a`h kj nkjrs wdcc sknwynu arnu`h. D wacgjh kj wd`hd`l radc n kj kdccsdhjnrmkarh nvjrcnngd`l kj rdmj fijchs a`h was asn`dskjhby wka D saw kjrj. Xjrj wjrj rjjs n acc ypjs a`hsdzjs, skrubs, vd`js, vjljabcjs lrnwd`l d` kj spamjsbjwjj` kj rjjs, a`h mkdmgj`s ru``d`l jvjrywkjrj.Kdhj-sa`, n`j n kj suhj` wnrgjrs, lrjjjh ej a`hsknwjh ej n kj rusdm ku ka D wnuch skarj wdkwn nkjrs. D spj` kj `jx wn yjars d` kds nrmkarhparahdsj cjar`d`l abnu Er. Iugungas `aurac ared`ljmk`dqujs a`h kj pkdcnsnpky rne wkdmk kjy arnsj.

By kj dej D maej n Er. Iugungas are, kj kahacrjahy bjj` pramdmd`l `aurac ared`l nr ea`y yjars.Xj snry n knw kj maej n bj ared`l ka way ds bnkd`jrjsd`l a`h d`srumdvj.

Easa`nbu Iugunga lrjw up d` a seacc vdccalj n` kjdsca`h n ]kdgngu, wkjrj kds a`mjsrac aedcy kah cdvjhnr ku`hrjhs n yjars. Kj wnrgjh d` kj rdmj fijchs a`h

d` kj mdrus nrmkarh n kds aedcys are wkdcj kj waslrnwd`l up. Er. Iugunga wj` n kj Ldu AlrdmucuracMnccjlj, jar @alnya, wkjrj kj suhdjh pca` pakncnly


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u`hjr kj ujcjhlj n kj jed`j` Eagan Kdura,jvjùaccy agd`l a onb wdk kj Alrdmucurac MusnesNmj d` Tngnkaea. Kds prdeary rjspn`sdbdcdy wasd`spjmd`l pca`s ka wjrj j`jrd`l Oapa` nr hdsjasjsa`h d`sjms. \kj` kj was `n d`spjmd`l pca`s kjspj` kds dej hnd`l rjsjarmk a`h, as kj rjmaccjh cajr,was aeazjh a kj wnrch n àurj as rjvjacjh krnulk

kj jyjpdjmj n a edmrnsmnpj.Aijr krjj yjars kjrj, kj hjvjcnpjh a sjrdnusmasj n p`juen`da a`h `jarcy hdjh. Jvj` aijr kjrjmnvjrjh, kj spj` cn`l knurs wa`hjrd`l d` kj kdccsmn`jepcad`l kj eja`d`l n cdj a`h hjak. Aijr n`jn kjsj sncdary, acc-`dlk wacgs, kj mnccapsjh jar a rjja kj np n a bcust nvjrcnngd`l kj karbnr. Kj awngjn kj mry n a kjrn`, a`h kah a rjvjcadn` ka mka`ljhkds cdj nrjvjr. As kj pu d, D` a` d`sa` acc eyhnubs a`h kj lcnney eds n ey mnùsdn` va`dskjh.Jvjrykd`l D kah kjch d` fire mn`vdmdn`, upn` wkdmk Dkah nrhdàrdcy rjcdjh was swjp away wdk kj wd`h . . .D jc ka kds was rucy kjavj` n` jark a`h snejkd`ln`j edlk macc ruj àurj snnh rjvjacjh.

Kj saw ka àurj ds d` baca`mj a`h pjrjmcy

abu`ha` ous as d ds. Vjnpcj, wdk kjdr cdedjh u`hjr-sa`hd`l, ry n deprnvj n` àurj kd`gd`l kj rjsucwdcc bj bjtjr nr kuea` bjd`ls, bu ahvjrsj sdhj jstjmsd`jvdabcy appjar. Xj` pjnpcj agj ejasurjs n mnu`jramkjsj sdhj jstjms, a`h carljr sdhj jstjms appjar. By`nw, acens jvjrykd`l kuea`dy ds hnd`l ds eddlad`lprnbcjes mausjh by prjvdnus edsludhjh amdn`s.

Er. Iugunga rdjh n jxpcad` kds dhjas n kdsmn-wnrgjrs a`h jvj` n pjnpcj kj ej n` kj srjj,bu kj was hdsedssjh as a` jmmj`rdm. Xds was d` kj


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s, wkj` smdj`mj a`h jmk`ncnly sjjejh pndsjh nmrjaj a jw wnrch n abu`ha`mj a`h cjdsurj. A`h sn kjhjmdhjh n cjavj kds onb a`h rjur` n kds aedcy are nappcy kds u`hjrsa`hd`l n alrdmucurj. Kds lnac was nmrjaj a a`ldbcj jxaepcj n kds way n kd`gd`l a`h, d`sn hnd`l, hjen`sraj ds pnj`dac vacuj n kj wnrch.

Xj are mn`sdsjh n abnu n`j amrj n rdmj

pahhdjs wkjrj kj rdmj was lrnw` d` a flnnhjh fijch,a`h a j`-amrj mdrus nrmkarh. Xj areknusj was d` kjvdccalj wdk a mnuryarh a`h a seacc nrla`dm vjljabcjlarhj` nusdhj kj gdmkj` hnnr. Er. Iugunga envjhd`n a seacc ku d` kj nrmkarh a`h spj` kj `jxsjvjrac yjars nbsjrvd`l kj mn`hddn` n kj sndc a`h`nd`l kj d`jramdn` n kj pca`s a`h a`deacs kacdvjh kjrj. Rjmaccd`l ka dej, Er. Iugunga sadh, Dsdepcy jepdjh ey ed`h a`h rdjh n absnrb wka Dmnuch rne àurj.

Er. Iugunga wa`jh n mrjaj a prnhumdvj j`vdrn`-ej` wkjrj àurj wnuch kavj rjj rjd`. Bu wkjrj nbjld`> @n n`j kj g`jw kah jvjr rdjh ka snr n kd lbjnrj, sn kj kah `n ej`nr n sknw kde kj way. Kj`ndmjh ka kj pca`s prjsj` d` kj nrmkarh wjrj cdedjh

n mdrus rjjs a`h a jw skrubs, a`h wkdcj snej smrallcywjjhs lrjw up kjrj a`h kjrj, kj jxpnsjh sndc kahjrnhjh hnw` n kj karh, rjh subsndc. D` sumk a sduadn`, dkj sdepcy hdh nkd`l, àurj wnuch mn`dùj d` a hnw`-warh spdrac. Bjmausj pjnpcj kah mrjajh kds u` auracmn`hddn`, kj jc a rjspn`sdbdcdy n rjpadr kj haealj.

n cnnsj` kj sndc, kj smatjrjh sjjhs n hjjp-

rnnjh vjljabcjs sumk as hadgn` rahdsk, burhnmg,ha`hjcdn`, a`h mnerjy. n mcja` a`h j`rdmk kj sndc,kj ahhjh pca`s ka kavj subsa`dac, fibrnus rnn


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sysjes, d`mcuhd`l eusarh, rahdsk, bumgwkja, acaca,yarrnw, a`h knrsjrahdsk. Kj acsn g`jw kj jjhjh lrjjèaùrj pca`s ka fixjh `drnlj`, bu wkdmk n`js> Kjrdjh kdry hdstjrj` spjmdjs bjnrj mn`mcuhd`l kawkdj mcnvjr a`h vjmk wjrj dhjac nr kds mn`hddn`s.Xj rnns n kj wkdj mcnvjr nre a ea d` kj np jwd`mkjs n kj sndc sn kjy arj jstjmdvj a supprjssd`l

wjjhs. Xj vjmk lrnws wjcc d` kj wd`jr, wkj` kjwkdj mcnvjr hnjs `n lrnw as rjahdcy.D ds depnra` n `nj ka wkj` Er. Iugunga

marrdjh nu jxpjrdej`s sumk as kjsj, d was acwayswdk kj lnac n sncvd`l spjmdfim pramdmac prnbcjes.Xjy wjrj `jvjr hn`j ous nr kjdr nw` sagj nr n ryn u`hjrsa`h àurjsdepcy n lj jjhbamg.

n deprnvj kj hjjpjr cayjrs n kj sndc, kj firsrdjh buryd`l nrla`dm eajrdac sumk as pardaccy hjmayjhrjj ru`gs a`h bra`mkjs ka kj mnccjmjh rne kjsurrnu`hd`l wnnhca`hs. Jvjùaccy kj mn`mcuhjh kakds apprnamk lavj ar nn cdtcj rjur` nr kj jstnr drjqudrjh. Bjsdhjs, kds lnac was n mrjaj a sjc-susad`d`lsysje, wkdmk, n`mj jsabcdskjh, wnuch agj marj ndsjc. Kj hjmdhjh n cj pca`s hn kj wnrg d`sjah.

Kj pca`jh drnlj`-fixd`l amamda rjjs kjrj a`h kjrjaen`l kj mdrus as wjcc as nkjr rjjs a`h skrubs kawjrj karhy a`h deprnvjh kj sndc hjjp hnw . Xj amamdarjjs lrjw qudmgcy, sn aijr jdlk nr `d`j yjars kj wnuchmu kje hnw` a`h usj kj wnnh nr firjwnnh a`h as abudchd`l eajrdac, cjavd`l kj rnns n hjmay nvjr dej.As kj rjenvjh kj rjjs, kj pca`jh nkjrs d` hdstjrj`

pcamjs sn kjrj was acways sndc-budchd`l lnd`l n`.Jvjùaccy, kj sndc bjmaej hjjp a`h rdmk a`h kj

srumurj n nrmkarh maej n rjsjebcj ka n a àurac


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wnnhca`h wdk acc nvjrsnry rjjs, edhsdzjh rud-bjard`l rjjs, skrubs, vd`js, a`h a lrnu`h cayjr n wjjhs,pjrj``dacs, ejhdmdàc pca`s, eusarh, bumgwkja,a`h vjljabcjs. \kdj mcnvjr lrjw jvjrywkjrj as apjrea`j`, sndc-j`rdmkd`l lrnu`h mnvjr. By kj dej Dmaej n kj are, kjrj wjrj enrj ka` kdry hdstjrj`gd`hs n rud- a`h ù-bjard`l rjjs d` kj nrmkarh,

as wjcc as bjrrdjs n acc gd`hs, vjljabcjs, a`h àdvjpca`s d` jamk n kj hdstjrj` cayjrs n kj nnh nrjs.Xjrj wjrj acsn mkdmgj`s a`h ljjsj ru``d`l arnu`h, ajw lnas, snej rabbds, a`h bjj kdvjs. Bdrhs, d`sjms,a`h nkjr wdchcdj wjrj jvjrywkjrj a`h skddagjeuskrnnes wjrj lrnwd`l n` hjmayd`l cnls wkdmk wjrjcd`jh up d` skahy arjas u`hjr kj rjjs.

N`j prd`mdpcj ka Er. Iugunga nccnwjh as kjwnrgjh nu kj hjadcs n kds ared`l jmk`dquj wasn mn`sdhjr knw n`j mnuch hn as cdtcj as pnssdbcj. Xdswas `n bjmausj kj was cazy, bu bjmausj n kds bjcdjka d àurj wjrj ldvj` kj nppnru`dy d wnuch hnjvjrykd`l n` ds nw`. As kj wrnj d` Xj N`j-]trawRjvncutdn , Xj usuac way n ln abnu hjvjcnpd`la ejknh ds n asg Knw abnu hnd`l kds> nr Knw

abnu hnd`l ka> brd`ld`l d` a vardjy n jmk`dqujsn`j upn` kj nkjr. Xds ds enhjr` alrdmucurj a`h dn`cy rjsucs d` eagd`l kj arejr busdjr.

Ey way was ous kj nppnsdj, kj mn`dùjh. Dwas aded`l a a pcjasa`, àurac way n ared`l

wkdmkrjsucs d` eagd`l kj wnrg jasdjr d`sjah n karhjr. Knw

Iared`l as sdepcy as pnssdbcj wdtkd` a`h d` mnnpjratdn` wdtk tkj aturacnrhjr, ratkjr tka` tkj enhjr` apprnamk ni appcyd`l d`mrjasd`lcy mnepcjxtjmk`dqujs tn rjeagj àturj j`tdrjcy inr tkj bj`jfit ni kuea` bjd`ls.


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abnu `nt hnd`l kds> Knw abnu `nt hnd`l ka>ka was ey way n kd`gd`l. D ucdeajcy rjamkjh kjmn`mcusdn` ka kjrj was `n `jjh n pcnw, `n `jjh nappcy jrdcdzjr, `n `jjh n eagj mnepns, `n `jjh nusj d`sjmdmdhj. \kj` ynu lj rdlk hnw` n d, kjrjarj jw alrdmucurac pramdmjs ka arj rjaccy `jmjssary.

\kj` Er. Iugunga firs d`kjrdjh kj nrmkarh,

knwjvjr, ens n kj aurac sysjes kah bjj` haealjhsn bahcy ka kj kah n hn ea`y asgs kdesjc ka cajrbjmaej u``jmjssary. N`mj kj pjrea`j` sndc-budchd`lmnebdàdn` n pca`s kah bjmnej jsabcdskjh, nrjxaepcj, kj `n cn`ljr `jjhjh n jrdcdzj. D` kj jarcyyjars, u`dc kj jsabcdskjh a hdvjrsdy n pca`s a`hkabdas nr d`sjms, kj kah n lrnw mkrysa`kjeuepca`s rne wkdmk kj hjrdvjh kj àurac d`sjmdmdhjpyrjkrue. Kj usjh kds n mn`rnc apkdhs a`hmajrpdccars n` kds vjljabcjs. N`mj kj sndc deprnvjha`h kj àurac baca`mj n d`sjms was rjsnrjh, kdsnn, bjmaej u``jmjssary. Jvjùaccy kjrj was vjrycdtcj Er. Iugunga `jjhjh n hn. Kj smatjrjh sjjhsa`h sprjah sraw, mu kj lrnu`h mnvjr bamg n`mj jamksueejr a`h cji kj mutd`ls rdlk wkjrj kjy wjrj,

rjpcamjh snej rjjs a`h skrubs rne dej n dej, a`hwadjh nr kj karvjs.

Kj ln kj dhja nr kds rdmj lrnwd`l n`j hay wkj`kj passjh a rdmj fijch ka kah rjmj`cy bjj` karvjsjh.Xjrj kj saw `jw rdmj sjjhcd`ls lrnwd`l up vncuàrdcyaen`l kj wjjhs a`h sraw. Er. Iugunga kah acrjahysnppjh pcnwd`l kds rdmj fijchs, bu rne ka dej n`

kj snppjh flnnhd`l kj pahhdjs. Kj snppjh lrnwd`lùrsjry bjhs d` kj sprd`l a`h kj` ra`spca`d`l kjynu`l sknns n kj ead` fijch. D`sjah, kj brnahmas


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kj sjjhs hdrjmcy n`n kj suramj n kj fijch d` kjauue` wkj` kjy wnuch àuraccy kavj accj` nkj lrnu`h. A`h d`sjah n pcnwd`l n lj rdh n kjwjjhs, kj cjar`jh n mn`rnc kje by smatjrd`l srawa`h lrnwd`l a enrj nr cjss pjrea`j` lrnu`h mnvjrn wkdj mcnvjr. D` kj j`h, as wdk kj nrmkarh, Er.Iugungas way n lrnwd`l rdmj jcdedàjh acc bu kj

sdepcjs n asgssnwd`l sjjhs, sprjahd`l sraw, a`hkarvjsd`l. Kj rjcdjh n` àurj n agj marj n kj rjs.\kj` Er. Iugunga rjur`jh n kds aedcys are

a`h bjla` pramdmd`l aurac alrdmucurj, d was wdk kjlnac n hjen`srad`l ka kds way n kd`gd`l mnuchbj n lrja vacuj n snmdjy. Aijr wj`y-fivj yjars,kj ydjchs d` Er. Iugungas u`flnnhjh fijchs jquacjhnr jxmjjhjh kj np-prnhumd`l ares d` Oapa`. Kjacsn lrjw a mrnp n barcjy nvjr kj wd`jr d` kj saejrdmj fijchs, a`h skdppjh `jarcy wn ku`hrjh knusa`hpnu`hs n ea`hard` nra`ljs jamk yjar, ead`cy nngyn wkjrj ea`y pjnpcj kah `jvjr asjh àuraccylrnw` nnh bjnrj.

@aurac ared`l hnjs n usj a`y n kj prnhums nenhjr` jmk`ncnly. \kdcj sdcc atad`d`l kdlk ydjchs, d

mrjajs `n pnccudn`, a`h kj sndc deprnvjs jamk yjar. DEr. Iugunga was abcj n lj ydjchs mneparabcj n knsjn kj nkjr arejrs d` Oapa`, wkn usj acc kj cajs nncsn smdj`mj a`h jmk`ncnly, mrjaj pnccudn`, lrnw sdmgcypca`s, a`h rud` kj sndc, kj` wkjrj was kj bj`jfin kuea` u`hjrsa`hd`l a`h jmk`ncnly> Aijr ouswj`y-fivj yjars, kj kah prnvj` kds pnd`.

Xjrj wjrj `n enhjr` mn`vj`dj`mjs d` kjnrmkarh. Hrd`gd`l wajr was marrdjh rne kj sprd`l,ejacs wjrj mnngjh a a wnnh-bur`d`l firjpcamj, a`h


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cdlk was prnvdhjh by ma`hcjs a`h gjrnsj`j caeps. Er.Iugunga prnvdhjh kds suhj` wnrgjrs wdk kdry-fivjhnccars a en`k nr cdvd`l jxpj`sjs. Ens n ka wasusjh n buy sny saumj a`h mnngd`l ndc, wkdmk wjrjdepramdmac n prnhumj n` a seacc smacj. Inr kj rjsn kjdr `jjhs kj suhj`s rjcdjh n` kj nnh ka waslrnw` d` kj fijchs a`h d` kj nrmkarh, kj rjsnurmjs n

kj arja, a`h n` kjdr nw` d`ljùdy.Er. Iugunga purpnsjcy kah kj suhj`s cdvj d`kds sjed-prdeddvj ea``jr bjmausj kj bjcdjvjh dkjcpjh prnvdhj kj sj`sddvdy `jmjssary n are bykds àurac ejknh. Kj hdh `n pay kj suhj`s nrwnrgd`l kjrj, bu `n n`j nbojmjh. Xjy jc ka cdvd`ld` sumk a` dhyccdm sduadn` a`h rjmjdvd`l Er. Iugungasjamkd`lwkdmk was dsjc rjjcy ldvj`was enrjka` ahjquaj mnepj`sadn`. D kas bjj` enrj ka`kdry-fivj yjars sd`mj D cdvjh a kj are. Acc kj wnrgD kavj hn`j sd`mj ka dej n prnenj àurac ared`lkas bjj` ey way n rjpayd`l Er. Iugunga nr wka Dcjar`jh rne kde.

\kj` D was a kj are, kjrj wjrj fivj nr sdx nus wkn sayjh mn`dùnuscy nr sjvjrac yjars. Nkjrs

wnuch mnej a`h say nr a jw wjjgs nr a jw en`ksa`h kj` kjah bamg hnw` kj enuàd`. Xjrj was awn`hjruc sj`sj n maearahjrdj. \j wnuch lj nljkjrd` kj enr`d`l a`h pca` kj hays wnrg. Kdhj-sa` kahbjj` kjrj kj cn`ljs a`h kah kj ens mneprjkj`sdvju`hjrsa`hd`l n kj arewnrg, sn kj was d`nreaccyrjmnl`dzjh as kj lrnups cjahjr. Xj alrdmucurac

onbs, sumk as kd``d`l kj rud mrnps, mutd`l bamg kjnrmkarh lrnu`h mnvjr, a`h karvjsd`l edlk ln n` nr ajw wjjgs nr a jw en`ks. Xj hadcy mknrjs d`mcuhjh


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marryd`l wajr, mnngd`l, j`hd`l kj a`deacs a`h kjbjjkdvjs, lakjrd`l a`h mutd`l firjwnnh, eagd`l edsn(jrej`jh snybja` pasj) a`h nu (bja` murh), a`hprjpard`l kj kn bak. N`mj d` a wkdcj kj kus jjhjhn bj rjpadrjh nr rjpcamjh.

Er. Iugunga wnuch nij` wnrg wdk us d`srumd`lus n` kds jmk`dqujs as wjcc as pramdmac sgdccs sumk as

eagd`l mcay sjjh pjccjs, lrnwd`l vjljabcjs d` a sjed-wdch ea``jr, a`h kj prnpjr usj a`h marj nr nncs. Kjwas qudj rdj`hcy a`h padj`, bu kds padj`mj ra` sknrvjry qudmgcy wkj` kj saw wka kj mn`sdhjrjh scnppywnrg. Er. Iugunga was drjcjss. Jvj` a sdxy-fivj, kjwnuch bnu`h up a`h hnw` kj nrmkarh kdccsdhjs cdgj aenu`ad` lna. \j acc kah rnubcj gjjpd`l up wdk kde.

]nej hays, nij` n` ]u`hay nr hurd`l kjavyrad`s, Er. Iugunga wnuch lakjr us nljkjr n hdsmusskds pkdcnsnpky. Xjsj sjssdn`s wjrj hdmuc nr ej.Acknulk D mnuch spjag Oapa`jsj fluj`cy, D was enrjfluj` d` kj jvjryhay ca`lualj wj usjh arnu`h kjare. Xj pkdcnsnpkdmac a`h spdrduac jxprjssdn`s kjusjh hurd`l kjsj hdsmussdn`s wjrj depnssdbcj nr ejn u`hjrsa`h. \ka eahj kds jvj` enrj rusrad`l

was ka Er. Iugunga nch us nvjr a`h nvjr ka kjpkdcnsnpky was jvjrykd`l, a`h kj ared`l wasejrjcy a` jxaepcj n kj pkdcnsnpky. D ynu hn `nu`hjrsa`h kj pkdcnsnpky, kj sadh, kj rjs bjmnejsjepy amdvdy. ]n D ous hdh ey bjs jamk hay, a`hassuejh ka n`j hay D wnuch lj kj dhja.

N`j aijr`nn` wkdcj wj wjrj krjskd`l rdmj d`

kj mnuryarh n kds knej d` kj vdccalj, Er. Iugungajejrljh rne kj knusj wdk a bdl sedcj n` kds amj.Kj was knchd`l kj mnpy kj kah ous rjmjdvjh rne


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] ] H

kj pubcdskjr n kj Oapa`jsj jhddn` n Xj N`j-]trawRjvncutdn`. Er. Iugunga kah acrjahy wrdtj` sjvjracbnngs, bu kah bjj` nrmjh n sjc-pubcdsk kjebjmausj kj mnuch `n fi`h a pubcdskjr wdccd`l n agj amka`mj n` dhjas ka wjrj sn ar rne kj ead`srjae.Xj` kj firs ndc mrdsds nmmurrjh d` kj jarcy s.Oapa`, as a` d`husrdac àdn` wdk acens `n hnejsdm

ujc rjsnurmjs, jc pardmucarcy vuc`jrabcj. ]uhhj`cyjvjryn`j was cnngd`l nr acjràdvjs n pjrncjue-basjh prnhumdn`. A pubcdskjr fiàccy maej n Er.Iugunga a`h asgjh kde n wrdj a bnng d`rnhumd`l kdsàurac ared`l ejknh a`h knw kj maej n bj ared`lka way. Kj wrnj kj bnng d` ous krjj en`ks.

Aijr wj rjah kj bnng, kj nkjr suhj`s a`hD hjmdhjh ka wj wnuch ra`scaj d d`n J`lcdska`h ry n lj d pubcdskjh d` kj Z`djh ]ajs. Er.Iugungas pkdcnsnpky a`h jmk`dqujs wjrj sdepcy nndepnra` n ca`ludsk d` Oapa` wkjrj kj wnrgjh d`rjcadvj nbsmurdy. D kah suhdjh sndc smdj`mj a`h pca`ùrddn` a kj Z`dvjrsdy n Macdnr`da, Bjrgjcjy, a`hg`jw n kj ea`y prnbcjes mausjh by pcnwd`l kj sndc.Ea`y arejrs a`h rjsjarmkjrs, jvj` d` ead`srjae

alrdmucurj, wjrj ryd`l n hjvjcnp a `n-dccalj sysjenr lrad`s a`h nkjr mrnps, ka wnuch avndh kjprnbcjes n usd`l sn eumk j`jrly, mausd`l sndc jrnsdnà`h bur`d`l nu kj nrla`dm eatjr d` kj sndc, bu `nn`j mnuch filurj nu knw n hn d, a cjas `n wdknuhrj`mkd`l kj fijchs wdk kjrbdmdhjs. ]n bjsdhjs kjd`kjrj` appjac n Er. Iugungas pkdcnsnpky, D acsn

g`jw ka kds wj`y-fivj yjar jxaepcj n a kdlk-ydjchd`l, mkjedmac-rjj, `n-dccalj sysje wnuch bjwjcmnej `jws d` kj wnrch n alrdmucurj.


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@n`j n us kah jxpjrdj`mj wrdd`l, jhdd`l, nr hnd`lra`scadn`, bu wj wnuch `n cj ka hjjr us. Xdswas bjnrj kj ahvj` n pjrsnàc mnepujrs nr wnrhprnmjssd`l, sn kj firs nrhjr n busd`jss was n lj kjnch ypjwrdjr ka was d` n`j n kj kus d`n usabcjmn`hddn`. D kah `n rdbbn`, kj h a`h kj j gjys wjrjedssd`l, a`h kj marrdalj kah a rusrad`l kabd n sdmgd`l

n` kj rjur`. D nng kj rad` n Easuyaea mdy sjvjracdejs n lj d rjpadrjh, bjd`l surj n vdsd EasuyaeaMascj a`h kj pubcdm kn sprd`ls acn`l kj way.

Mkrds Vjarmj was a rdj`h D kah ej hurd`l ey dejcdvd`l n` rurac mneeu`js. Kj kah lrnw` up d` Oapaà`h mnuch spjag a`h rjah bnk Oapa`jsj a`h J`lcdskfluj`cy. Kj lavj us a firs-hrai ra`scadn`. Bu Mkrdskah `jvjr bjj` n Er. Iugungas are a`h hdh `n kavjared`l jxpjrdj`mj, sn snej sjmdn`s n kj eaùsmrdpsjjejh aebdlunus nr wjrj hdmuc n u`hjrsa`h.

N`j n kj nkjr suhj`s cdvd`l n` kj are a kjdej, Gurnsawa-sa`, kah ous rjur`jh rne a yjarcn`lrdp n kj Z`djh ]ajs wkjrj kj nurjh nrla`dm ares.Xrjj nr nur dejs a wjjg, aijr wnrgd`l acc hay, kjwn n us sa hnw` wdk Er. Iugunga n mcardy kjsj

passaljs. Idàccy, wkj` wj kah wka wj mn`sdhjrjh arjasnàbcj hrai, D was j`rusjh n ln n kj Z`djh]ajs n fi`h a pubcdskjr. Xa was d` .

D eaàljh n lj kj eaùsmrdp n \j`hjcc Bjrry,wkn cdvjs a`h ares d` Gjùmgy. Hjspdj kj rnulk,u`prnjssdnàc mn`hddn` n nur hrai, Er. Bjrry cdgjhkj mn`j` n kj eaùsmrdp wjcc j`nulk ka kj nng

kj bnng u`hjr kds wd`l a`h eahj surj jvjrykd`lwj` sennkcy nr d. Kj sulljsjh ka wj usj RnhacjVrjss, parcy bjmausj kj hdh `n wa` kj bnng a`h Er.


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] ] H

Iugungas pkdcnsnpky n bjmnej mkaramjrdzjh n`cy asa `jw alj wnrg. Kj wa`jh n bj surj ka kj bnngwnuch j`h up d` kj ka`hs n rjac arejrs, bjmausjkj knulk kj ejssalj wnuch bj n bj`jfi n kjea`h mnuch pnssdbcy kjcp n rjvjrsj kj hjlj`jradvjenejùe n enhjr`-hay alrdmucurj. Rnhacj Vrjsspubcdskjh Nrla`dm Larhj`d`l ealazd`j, wkdmk a kj

dej kah a mdrmucadn` n enrj ka` n`j edccdn`, a`hkah a bnng mcub ka rjamkjh j`s n knusa`hs narejrs d` kj kjarca`h n Aejrdma.

Inr kj `jx yjar nr sn, Er. Bjrry a`h D wnrgjh nsennk nu kj eaùsmrdp a`h mcardy kj passaljska edlk bj hdmuc nr Aejrdma`s n u`hjrsa`h.Xj bnng was pubcdskjh d` a`h bjmaej a` d`sa`summjss. ]d`mj kj`, Xj N`j-]traw Rjvncutdn`kas bjj`ra`scajh d`n enrj ka` wj`y-fivj ca`lualjs (`nn`j g`nws jxamcy knw ea`y), acc rne nur J`lcdsk-ca`lualj jhddn`.

Xj pubcdmadn` n Xj N`j-]traw Rjvncutdn` nrejha wajrskjh d` Er. Iugungas cdj. Inr kdry yjarsbjnrj ka kj kah cabnrjh d` kds seacc vdccalj, rjcadvjcy

u`g`nw`. Aijr ds pubcdmadn`, kj bjmaej wjcc g`nwà`h rjspjmjh acc nvjr kj wnrch, a`h kj sarjh ljtd`ld`vdadn`s n vdsd rne suppnrjrs jvjrywkjrj.

Xj firs maej d` rne Kjrea` a`h Mnr`jcdaAdkara, wkn spn`snrjh a eamrnbdndm sueejr maep aIrj`mk Ejahnws d` kj ]djrra @jvaha. D was kj firsdej jdkjr Er. Iugunga nr kds wdj, Ayagn, kah bjj`

nusdhj n Oapa` a`h kj firs dej jdkjr n kje kahbjj` n` a` adrpca`j. Nvjr kj jx sdx wjjgs kj ravjcjhkrnulknu Macdnr`da, @jw Tnrg, a`h Eassamkusjts.


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]jvj` yjars cajr kj rjur`jh n kj Z`djh ]ajs nra`nkjr sdx-wjjg rdp, wkdmk acsn d`mcuhjh vdsds nNrjln` a`h \askd`ln`. Nvjr kj cas kdry yjarsn kds cdj kj acsn vdsdjh D`hda (fivj dejs), Xadca`h(sjvjrac dejs), kj Vkdcdppd`js, Ardma (d`mcuhd`l]neacda, Jkdnpda, a`h a`za`da), Jurnpj (wdmj),d`mcuhd`l a ejenrabcj rdp n Lrjjmj, a`h Mkdà.

\kj` kj firs saw kj mn`hddn` n kj ca`hsmapj d`Macdnr`da kj was sknmgjh by knw barrj` d was. ]nejn ka, kj njh, was mausjh by kj mcdeaj, wkdmk camgskj hjpj`habcj sueejr rad`s n Oapa`, bu eumk n dwas mausjh by marjcjss alrdmucurac pramdmjs, pnnr wajreaàljej`, nvjrlrazd`l, a`h nvjrcnlld`l. Jvjùaccykj maej n rjjr n kds as Macdnr`das jmncnldmachdsasjr. Aijr vdsdd`l D`hda a`h Ardma, kj ln a` dhjan kj eal`duhj n kj wnrchwdhj jmncnldmac mrdsjs.Irne ka dej n` kj hjvnjh acc kds j`jrly n sncvd`lkj prnbcje n hjsjrdfimadn` usd`l àurac ared`l.

Er. Iugunga bjcdjvjh ka ens n kj wnrchshjsjrs wjrj mrjajh by kuea` amdvdy. Xjsj dcc-ahvdsjh amdn`s wjrj basjh n` d`mnepcjj kuea`

u`hjrsa`hd`l. Kj jc ka kj hjsjrs mnuch bjrjvjljajh by brnah-smacj sjjhd`l n as ea`y spjmdjsn pca`s a`h edmrnnrla`dses as mnuch pnssdbcy bjlntj` nljkjr. ]d`mj mn`hddn`s kah bjj` acjrjh snhrasdmaccy, d wnuch `n hn n ry n pu kd`ls bamgkj way kjy n`mj wjrj. By eagd`l kj sjjhs n acckj hdstjrj` spjmdjs n pca`s a`h edmrnnrla`dses

avadcabcj, àurj wnuch bj abcj n agj kj ensapprnprdaj mnursj ldvj` kj prjsj` mn`hddn`s. Kjrjjrs n kds as kj ]jmn`h Lj`jsds. Ens depnra`,


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pjnpcjs prjmn`mjdvjh dhjas wnuch bj cji nu n kjhjmdsdn`-eagd`l prnmjss. Kj bjcdjvjh ka pca`quara`d`js sknuch bj hn`j away wdk a`h carlj sjjhba`gs sknuch bj mrjajh n amdcdaj kds jstnr.

Er. Iugungas pca` nr kacd`l hjsjrdfimadn` a`hkds knulks abnu sumk kd`ls as jmn`nedms, pncddms,hdj, nreac jhumadn`, kj ars, kjack marj, a`h

smdj`mj, wkdmk arj acc hdsmussjh d` kds bnng, prnmjjhhdrjmcy rne kds mnrj pkdcnsnpky, wkdmk maej n kdeu`jxpjmjhcy ka enr`d`l d` Tngnkaea wkj` kjwas wj`y-fivj yjars nch. Kj saw àurj as a sd`lcj,d`jrmn``jmjh rjacdy wdk `n d`rd`sdm mkaramjrdsdms.Kj saw dej as a` u`d`jrrupjh enej` n kj prjsj`wdk pas a`h uurj jebjhhjh wdkd` d.

D` a udcj jstnr n u`hjrsa`h àurj a`h jsabcdska raej n rjjrj`mj, pjnpcj nvjrcay kj rjacdy n àurjwdk `ndn`s cdgj `nrk a`h snuk, up a`h hnw`, lnnha`h bah, hdsd`ludsk kj vardnus mrjaurjs n kj wnrchas hdsd`m j`ddjs, a`h mrjaj a kuea` dej basjh nn` wka kjy jxpjrdj`mj bu n` mcnmgs a`h macj`hars.D` hnd`l sn, pjnpcj mrjaj a`h cdvj d` a wnrch n kuea`dhjas, kjrjby sjparad`l kjesjcvjs rne àurj. D`

kj nrdldàc, absncuj wnrch, ammnrhd`l n Er. Iugunga,kjsj kuea` mn`mjps a`h ouhlej`s hn `n jxds.

Inr ea`y yjars kj basds n Er. Iugungaswnrchvdjw was hdmuc nr ej n u`hjrsa`h, bu n`jhay d acc bjmaej mcjar. D was wacgd`l d` a rjhwnnhnrjs n` kj `nrk mnas n Macdnr`da. As D sa hnw`n rjs by a seacc mrjjg, D cnngjh up a`h saw snejkd`l

D kah `jvjr sjj` bjnrj . . . kj pjamj a`h bjauy nàurj dsjc. Inr snej rjasn` D was n cn`ljr sjparajhrne àurj by kj ficjr n ey nw` knulks. D`sjah


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n cnngd`l at àurj, D was `nw wdkd` d. @aurj kah`n mka`ljh, bu ey pjrmjpdn` was hdstjrj`. D kahn caulk. Acc kds dej D kah bjj` srullcd`l wdk Er.Iugungas pkdcnsnpky wkj` wka kj was ljtd`l a wasamuaccy sn sdepcj a`h rdlk d` rn` n ej acc ka dej.

\kj` D ravjcjh wdk Er. Iugunga n` kds rdps nkj Z`djh ]ajs, pjnpcj wnuch nij` asg kde d aurac

ared`l mnuch bj edxjh wdk mn`vj`dnàc nr nrla`dmpramdmjs. Kj was ahaea` ka ynu mnuch `n hn ka.@nw, fiàccy, D u`hjrsnnh wky. N`j jdkjr cdvjs d` kjabsncuj wnrch n àurj, nr d` kj aàsy wnrch nkuea` knulks. Xjrj ds `n edhhcj lrnu`h.

Ldvj` Er. Iugungas wnrchvdjw, d ds `n surprdsd`lka kds àurac ared`l pramdmjs, a`h kj pca` kjahvnmajs nr rjvjljad`l kj hjsjrs n kj wnrch,sjje n ln alad`s mn`vj`dnàc wdshne a`h murrj`smdj`dfim kd`gd`l. D ds a rucy vdsdnàry, nusdhj-kj-bnx srajly ka kj bjcdjvjh wnuch rjur` kuea`dyn ds mnrrjm rjcadn`skdp wdk àurj a`h kjac kjmnùsdn` a`h sustjrd`l n kj kuea` kjar. Kds lnacds `n cjss ka` rj-mrjad`l kj Larhj` n Jhj` wkjrjpjnpcj wnuch cdvj nljkjr d` abu`ha`mj, d` rjjhne,

a`h d` pjamj.

Carry GnrÀskca`h, Nrjln`

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