Review: LIQUIDS &

PHASE CHANGES

solid to liquid

Melting

What phase of matter is “B”?

A

B

C

Temperature

Pres

sure

Liquid

________is the gas phase of a substance normally solid or liquid at room temperature

Vapor

Freezing occurs by the release of _____

energy

Describe a volatile liquid in terms of its rate of

evaporation.Evaporates quickly

______ is the resistance of a liquid to flow

Viscosity

What phase of matter is “A”?

A

B

C

Temperature

Pres

sure

Solid

What is the normal boiling point of water?

100C

Melting occurs by energy being ______.

absorbed

____________ is the temperature and pressure at which all 3

states of matter are at equilibrium

Triple point

_______shows how states of matter are affected by

changes in temperature/pressure

Phase diagram

solid to gas

Sublimation

The triple point of this substance occurs at:

5.2 atm & 216.6 K

__________ is a dynamic condition in which two opposing physical

or chemical changes occur at equal rates in a given closed system

Equilibrium

________ is the temperature at which equilibrium vapor pressure

equals atmospheric pressure

Boiling point

_______ is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its corresponding liquid at a

given temperature.Equilibrium vapor pressure

____________ is the spontaneous mixing of

two or more substances.Diffusion

When energy is added to a substance, the

particles would move ___________

Faster

When does a liquid boil?

Equilibrium vapor pressure EQUALS atmospheric pressure

When energy is taken away from a substance, the particles would move

__________Slower

What is the most abundant liquid?

Water

_____________ is a force common to all liquids that tends to pull

adjacent parts of a liquid’s surface together.

Surface tension

List 2 examples of surface tension.

MeniscusDroplets can formObjects floatCapillary rise

List a volatile substance

Rubbing alcoholNail polish removerGasolinehairspray

When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by application of a

stress, it attains a new equilibrium position that minimizes the stress.

This is known as ___________

Le Chatelier’s Principle

liquid to solid

Freezing

C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g) If the concentration of H2O was increased, the system would shift to the ________ 

Right

How does a substance evaporate, if equilibrium vapor pressure is LOW?

WHY?SLOWLY!B/c there are STRONG IM forces and requires MORE kinetic energy to become a vapor

Describe a liquid in terms of particle spacing.

Particles are packed relatively closely together

Describe a liquid in terms of particle motion.

Particles vibrate around MOVING points

gas to liquid

Condensation

Describe the general volume of a liquid and

use KMT to explain.Definite VOLUME- b/c particles are close together

Describe the general shape of a liquid and use

KMT to explain.NO Definite SHAPE- b/c particles vibrate around moving points

Describe a liquid-vapor system at equilibrium.

The number of particles leaving the liquid (vaporization) EQUAL the number of particles re-entering the liquid (condensation)

gas to solid

Deposition

What happens to the boiling point of liquids on top of Mt. Everest? WHY?Boiling point is lowerB/c atmospheric pressure is lower

liquid to gas

Vaporization

What phase of matter is “C”?

A

B

C

Temperature

Pres

sure

Gas

What is the difference between the IM forces

during melting and freezing?

Melting = Less IM forces b/c more particle collisions

Freezing = MORE IM forces b/c particles are moving slower