Soil and Rapid Soil and Rapid Changes ReviewChanges Review

The breaking down of rock is The breaking down of rock is called called

A. sedimentationB. weatheringC. flowD.growth

Why can floods be helpful?Why can floods be helpful?A. They can bring rich soil into an

area.B. They damage many homes

and roads.C. They make the Earth’s mantle

stronger.D. They form new islands in the

ocean.

What is melted rock that has What is melted rock that has erupted from a volcano called erupted from a volcano called when it reaches the surface?when it reaches the surface?

A. lavaB. plateC. crustD. magma

What happens when living things What happens when living things decompose?decompose?

A. They store up fat for the winter.B. They grow healthy and strong.C. They have babies.D. Their parts break down into soil.

What happens during What happens during weathering?weathering?

A. Animals move to warm places for the winter

B. Rocks crack and break into smaller pieces

C. Water and wind carry away rocks and soil

D. Bodies of ice travel slowly across land

A landslide is a rapid movement of A landslide is a rapid movement of rocks and soil down a slope. Which rocks and soil down a slope. Which

would best describes how a landslide would best describes how a landslide might change the surface of the Earth?might change the surface of the Earth?

A. increasing the flow of water over hillsB. creating lakes at the bottoms of hillsC. carving out valleys between hillsD. removing Earth material from hills

Which is the best description of Which is the best description of how soil forms?how soil forms?

A. Rocks weather into tiny bits over time and mix with humus to form soil.

B. Plant nutrients turn minerals into soil.

C. Fossil fuels combine to make soil.D. Oil seeps to the surface and turns

into soil.

How do you think this was How do you think this was formed?formed?

A. Sand blew against the rock to change its shape.B. Fire burned through the rock and made a hole.C. Animals dug a large hole through the rock.D. A plant’s roots grew into the rock and broke it.

What can be done to a rock to What can be done to a rock to turn it to the beginning stages of turn it to the beginning stages of

soil?soil?A. Place it on the tableB. Put in in the closetC. Hit it with a hammerD.Flip it upside down

In addition to rock, what are In addition to rock, what are the main components of soil?the main components of soil?

A. bacteria and microbesB. mushroom and other fungiC. worms and insectsD. plant and animal remains

Landslides and avalanches are Landslides and avalanches are similar in that they-similar in that they-

A. carve out valleys and river bedsB. quickly move large amounts of

materialC. are the result of heat from within

the Earth D. build rock layers to create

mountains

What can cause What can cause earthquakes?earthquakes?

A. Waves travel across the seas and break on land.

B. Tectonic plates push and slip past each other.

C. Strong winds can push apart pieces of land.

D. Heavy rains make rivers overflow their banks.

Both magma and lava are Both magma and lava are molten rocks. How are they molten rocks. How are they

different?different?A. Magma is underground and lava

is on the surface.B. Magma can cool to form hills but

lava cannot form hills. C. Lava is very cold and hard and

magma is very hot.D. Lava flows to the mangle and

magma flows to the crust.

Which of the following forces would Which of the following forces would most likely cause the surface of the most likely cause the surface of the

Earth to change the quickestEarth to change the quickest??

A. Formation of soil from the weathering of rocks

B. An earthquake that cause a mountain to topple or crumble

C. The widening of a river bank from water erosion

D. Deposition of sediments that build up a delta

What are the 4 components of What are the 4 components of soil?soil?

A. clay, loam, silt, sandB. rocks, sediment, ingenious, and

metamorphic C. air, water, humus, and bits of

rock

Lava from a volcanic eruption canLava from a volcanic eruption can

A. create a tornadoB. carve valleys slowlyC. make oceans freeze D. form new land

Which sentence about volcanoes is Which sentence about volcanoes is true?true?

A. Volcanoes do not erupt or form new islands.

B. Volcanoes can spit out ash, molten rock, and gas.

C. Volcanoes are all active and can erupt at any time.

D. Volcanoes does not give good soil for farming.

Which part of soil has bits of Which part of soil has bits of dead plants and animals?dead plants and animals?

A. bedrockB. clayC. humusD. roots

What most likely caused a change to What most likely caused a change to the Earth’s surface in the picture the Earth’s surface in the picture

below?below?A. windB. volcanoC. earthquakeD. glacier

The continuous breaking down of The continuous breaking down of rock will lead to the formation of rock will lead to the formation of

whatwhatA. waterB. soilC. mineralsD. coal