Unit 1 Part B--Operating Systems

Computer Technology(S1 OBJ 2 2-3 and obj 3-2)

SoftwareUnit 1Part B1Software CategoriesThere are two main type of software categoriesOperating Systems SoftwareApplication SoftwareEach serve a different but important part in the information processing cycle.

2Understanding Operating Systems

3Operating Systems

Check Moodle Resources to watch the video. It is listed as Unit 1 Part B PowerPoint with video.4Operating Systems JobBooting: the sequence of events that occurs when you turn the computer on and when it becomes ready to process data. During this process, the computer does several things:It runs a self-tests to make sure everything is working correctly.It checks for peripheral devices (a device connected to the computer that expands the computers input, output or storage capabilities).It then loads the operating system.

5Operating System Softwarefor Personal ComputersThe Operating System is the master controller on your computer. Computers cannot function without an operating system.The OS manages the computer's memory, processing, software and hardware.

6Types of Operating SystemsOperating systems usually come preloaded on a computer when you buy it. Most people use the operating system that comes with their computer, but it is possible to upgrade or even change operating systems.The three most common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.

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8Windows Operating SystemCharacteristicsAlmost 90% of the operating system market share Introduced in 1995Pros: Compatibility: Almost every application, driver or game will work on Windows.Ease of use: Much easier to use than LinuxSoftware Selection: Windows has the largest selection of software available

Cons:Security: More vulnerable to virus attacks Slower: Windows requires a lot of computer resources (memory, processor, disk space), and thus, runs slower.Price: Costs over a hundred dollars. Software available for Windows computers can also be expensive.

9Mac operating SystemCharacteristicsMAC OS has the first ever successful graphical-based operating system, released one year before Windows.

Pros:Viruses: Macs get fewer viruses(mostly because of Window superior market)Reliability: Mac OSX is very stable. When an application crashes, only the application is affected, thus it keeps working without the entire system crashing.Speed: The system manages its resources more effectively

Cons: Expensive: MAC OSX costs more than Windows. Also MAC computers cost more than a comparable PC.Only available on Apple computers: If you already have a computer, you cannot install MAC OS on it unless it's an AppleCompatibility: Fewer programs and games run on MAC than its Windows counterpart

10Linux Operating SystemCharacteristicsSmaller Operating System than Windows or MAC OS, but growing

Pros:Cost: Linux is F-R-E-E. You can download it, install it, use it, and customize it FREE!Variety: To use Linux, additional software needs to be bundled with it. Several hundred bundles (called "distributions" or "distros") exist. The most popular ones include Ubuntu, Mint and Fedora. The good thing is, with so many different distros, there is always one to suit your needs! Reliability: Can often be used for months without needing to be rebooted.

Cons:Complicated: Linux requires advanced computer knowledge in order to get it to work. Compatibility: Does not have as many programs or games as Windows, although some distros allow you to run Windows software Vendors: You won't find a lot of vendors selling Linux computers. Usually, you'll just end up buying a Windows computer, reformatting the hard drive, and installing Linux yourself.

11Graphical User InterfaceModern operating systems use Graphical User Interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey)An interface allows you, the user, to communicate with your computer.GUI lets you use a mouse to click on icons, buttons and menusIcon: An image (graphic) that represents an executable file.Menu: A dropdown list or table of executable optionsBefore GUI, computers used command-line interface which meant the user had to type every single command and the computer would only display text.12

Command-Line Interfacevs. Graphical User InterfaceGUI has made computers much easier to use!

13 WYSIWYGWYSIWYG ( /wziw/ WIZ-ee-wig)is an acronym for What You See Is What You Get. The term is used in computing to describe a system in which what you see displayed on your screen during editing appears in a form close to its appearance when printed or displayed as a finished product, which might be a printed document, web page, or slide presentation.This was not possible with a command-line interface.

14Operating Systems for mobile devices generally aren't as fully-featured as those made for desktop or laptop computers. You can still do a lot of things on your mobile device including: watching movies, browsing the internet, managing your calendar, playing games, and moreOperating Systems for Mobile Devices

15Operating Systems for Mobile DevicesMobile devices such as phones, tablet computers, and mp3 players run operating systems that are designed specifically for mobile devices. Examples of mobile operating systems include Apple iOS, Windows Phone 7, and Google Android.

16Understanding Applications

17What is an Application or App?An application (or app) is software designed to help the user perform specific tasks.Applications for desktop or laptop computers are sometimes called desktop applications or application software.Applications for mobile devices are called mobile apps.When you open an application, it runs inside the operating system until you close it. You can have more than one application open at the same time--this is known as multitasking.18App vs. ApplicationRemember:Mobile Apps are simple applications that can be downloaded from the Internet cheaply or even for free. Many apps are available for mobile devices and even some TVs.Desktop Applications are more full-featured software that allow you to run complex software like a word processor, spreadsheet, computer game, or web browser.19

Click below to watch a short video clip about Computer Applications20Common Application SoftwareApplication Software CategoriesCategoryExamplePossible uses for this softwareWord ProcessingMS WordWriting a letter, creating a reportPresentationMS PowerPointCreating a presentation (slide show) about a specific topic.SpreadsheetMS ExcelCalculating a set of numbers, creating chartsDatabaseMS AccessA collection of information organized to provide efficient retrievalDesktop PublishingMS PublisherCreating flyers, catalogues and postersWeb BrowsersInternet Explorer, FirefoxViewing a web pageImage EditingPhotoshop, PaintSketching, shrinking and re-coloring imagesAccountingQuicken, SageKeeping track of money coming in and going out in a business21The End!There is never an end to the possibilities in the world of computing!Works Citedhttp://www.informatics-tech.com/http://www.gcflearnfree.org/

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