Social Studies Benchmark 2 Study Guide Answers

1. What was the goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau? To provide clothing, food, and education to former slaves. 2. What is sharecropping? the landowner leased the land to several farmers and took a share of the crops.3.What are the Jim Crow Laws? Laws that enforced separation of African Americans and whites.

4._G__ 13th Amendment 5. _D__ 14th Amendment6. _A__ 15th Amendment7. _B__ 19th Amendment8. _F__ 23rd Amendment9. _C__ 24th Amendment10. _E_ 26th Amendment

A. Gave all men the right to vote no matter what race

B. Gave all women the right to vote

C. Ended poll taxD. Gave citizenship to all

people born or naturalized in the United States, regardless of race

E. Set the voting age to 18F. Granted 3 electoral votes

to Washington, D.C.G. Abolished slavery

11.What is the purpose of the amendment process? So small groups of people can’t make big changes that most people do not want. (have to have majority) 12.What does the right to “due process” mean?Every one has to be treated fairly. 14. The leaders of the country make decisions about your life, liberty, and property. Suppose they make these decisions in secret. They do not allow you or anyone else to participate. NO

15. The police suspect you of a crime. Suppose they search your house with a warrant and find evidence against you. YES16. Why were the cattle drives important? To get cattle to the east. 17.How did the movement of cattle affect the price? the price of cattle went down18.What two famous cattle trails did cowboys use to drive cattle to the north? The Great Western Trail and the Chilsholm Trail

19.How did the Spanish-American War begin? The USS Main exploded in a Cuban Harbor 20.William McKinley is responsible for the Spanish American War . This helped America expand by gaining Puerto Rico,Guam , and the Philippines . 21.Theodore Roosevelt’s is responsible for building the Panama Canal.22.What is the Panama Canal and why is it important? A waterway that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It promotes trade

23.How did the Panama Canal and the Spanish-American War play a role in global expansion of the United States? The Panama Canal promoted trade and the Spanish American War gained territories and other countries realized the US military was superior24.Name three reasons people emigrated to the United States. These are called push factors. Persecution, starvation, disease, poverty, effects of war in homeland25.Where did most European immigrants settle? What jobs did they find? In the north; working in factories

_D_ 26. Wright Brothers

_H_ 27. Alexander Graham Bell

_E_ 28. George Washington Carver

_A_ 29. Thomas Edison

A. Invented the electric light bulb

E. Discovered different uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes, and pecans by crop rotation method.

H. Invented the telephone

D. Invented the airplane

How do we amend the Constitution? The 4 step - Amendment Process:Step 1: Congress proposes a new amendment.•2/3 of the House of Representatives and 2/3 of the Senate must pass the billStep 2: The proposed amendment is sent to the states (It must be sent to the states before the legislatures can choose and the legislatures must choose before 3/4 of the states can ratify) Step 3: State Legislatures choose to ratify or reject the amendmentStep 4: ¾ of the states must ratify the amendment so it can be added to the Constitution

Be prepared to discuss in writing what “push” and “pull” factors are, and how they influenced immigration to the United States. You must be able to provide examples of both “push” and “pull” factors.

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