Social Psychology SAMPLE - Amazon S3s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/tutor2u-media/resource-samples/Rese… · tutor2u is the leading provider of support for A Level Psychology Teachers

www.tutor2u.net/psychology

Social Psychology

Explanations of Obedience

SAMPLE


tutor2u Full Lesson PowerPoint

This tutor2u Full Lesson PowerPoint is copyrighted and may not be reproduced orshared without permission from the author. All images are sourced under licencefrom Shutterstock and may not be reused or republished.

Full Lesson PowerPoint Key Green = Key Word or Researcher Blue = Question / Discussion Purple = Task / Activity

SAMPLE


Asch’s Variations

Recap Task: Without looking at your handout from last lesson, canyou remember the % for each of the variations to Asch’s study.

SAMPLE


Variation Overall conformity on critical trials (higher/lower) and % (if applicable)

Group Size: 1 Confederate Lower (3%)Group Size: 2 Confederates Lower (12.8%)Group Size: 3 Confederates Remained the same (32%)Group Size: 15 Confederates Lower (29%)

Historical Context/Expertise: Perrin & Spencer (1981) 0.25%

Culture: Meta-analysis by Smith & Bond - Fiji 58%Culture: Meta-analysis by Smith & Bond - Belgium 15%

Unanimity – Where one of the confederates gave thecorrect answer throughout. 5%

Unanimity – Where one of the confederates gave adifferent incorrect answer to the majority. 9%

Task Difficulty – Where the task was made significantlymore difficult, by making the different between theline lengths significantly smaller.

Increased.SAMPLE


Variation Overall conformity on critical trials (higher/lower) and % (if applicable)

Group Size: 1 Confederate Lower (3%)Group Size: 2 Confederates Lower (12.8%)Group Size: 3 Confederates Remained the same (32%)Group Size: 15 Confederates Lower (29%)

Historical Context/Expertise: Perrin & Spencer (1981) 0.25%

Culture: Meta-analysis by Smith & Bond - Fiji 58%Culture: Meta-analysis by Smith & Bond - Belgium 15%

Unanimity – Where one of the confederates gave thecorrect answer throughout. 5%

Unanimity – Where one of the confederates gave adifferent incorrect answer to the majority. 9%

Task Difficulty – Where the task was made significantlymore difficult, by making the different between theline lengths significantly smaller.

Increased.SAMPLE


Social Psychology

Task 1: Complete the following tasks, in THIS order:1. Draw a picture that represents the Asch line study and write as

MANY facts as you can about Asch’s study around your picture.2. Now fold your picture in half.3. Now fold your paper in half again.4. Now scrunch it into a tight ball.5. Now AIM to get it in the bin*If you miss you’ll have to pick it up.

Now…let’s start today’s lesson…SAMPLE


Social Psychology

Question: What do you think the point of that task was?

Question: Why did you follow my instructions?

Question: Why do you think people obeyorders from others, especially whenthose orders are unjust/unfair.

SAMPLE


Question: What do you think we mean by the following…

Question: Did you follow my instructions because of the situation you were in, or because of your personality…

Situational vs Dispositional Attribution

Situational Attribution

Inferring (suggesting) that aperson’s behaviour is caused bysomething about the situationthey are in…

Dispositional Attribution

Inferring (suggesting) that thereason for a person’s behaviouris something about themselves,such as their personality…

SAMPLE


Social Psychology

Obedience

SAMPLE


Obedience

Lesson Objectives: To outline the aim, method, results and conclusion of Milgram’s (1963)

research into obedience.

To evaluate Milgram’s (1963) research with reference to ethicalguidelines.

SAMPLE


Milgram (1963)

SAMPLE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xxq4QtK3j0Y


Milgram (1963)

Task: You will each be given a card which details part of Milgram’s(1963) research (the aim, method, results, conclusion and evaluation).Your task is to arrange yourself into the correct order, to outlineMilgram’s study. You only have 5 minutes…

If you don’t have a card, your role is to organise the group.

5 MinutesSAMPLE


Give Me 100…

Task: Summarise the aim, method, results and conclusion of Milgram’sstudy in EXACTLY 100 words. No more, no less. EXACTLY 100 words. Usethe follow key words to help you…

Obey (obedience) 300 volts Confederates 450 volts Electric shock

Volunteer sample Verbal prompt 65% 100% 40 male participants

5 MinutesSAMPLE


Here’s One I Made Earlier…

Aim: Milgram aimed to investigate whether ordinary Americans wouldobey unjust orders and inflict pain on another person.

Method: 40 male volunteers took part in an experiment on ‘learningand punishment’. The real participants were paired with a confederateand told to teach the learner (confederate) word pairs. Each time thelearner got an answer wrong, they had to administer an electric shockof increasing voltage. If the real participant tried to stop, theexperimenter provided a verbal ‘prod’ to continue.

Results & Conclusion: Everyone administered 300 volts and 65%administered the full 450 volts, showing that nearly all people will obeyan unjust order.SAMPLE


Milgram (1963)

Evaluating Milgram (1963)

Task: Use the mind map on your handout to detail differentevaluation points (strengths / weaknesses) for the Milgramexperiment.

Biased all male sample= lacks population validity

SAMPLE


Evaluating Milgram (1963)

Task: Select one strength and one weakness from your mind map andwrite two PEE paragraphs. Make sure the evidence is LINKED toMilgram’s experiment.

8 Minutes

SAMPLE


For Example…Po

int

Evid

ence

/ Ex

ampl

eEx

plai

n THE BOTTOM BUN: This matters because…

THE TOP BUN: One strength of Milgram’s study is that it has high internal validity.

THE MEAT: Milgram deceived his participants to see if they would obey anauthority figure and his results showed that 100% reached 300 volts out of 450.ORMilgram’s procedure used a covert observation to see…

SAMPLE


Feedback

Task: Be ready to read out your evaluation paragraphs. As you listento one another, think about what was effective and what could havebeen improved…

SAMPLE


Consider the following…

Question: Imagine you are working at John Lewis or Waitrose and you receive acall from the police. The policeman asks you to detain (hold onto) a customerwho is suspected of shop lifting.

Would you following his instructions? If yes, why? If not, why would youdisobey an order from a policeman?

Now imagine, the policeman asksyou to strip search thecustomer…would you?

Are you sure you would respond inthis way… SAMPLE


Psychology in Action

Question: How does this video relate to Milgram’s study onobedience? Who is the authority in this video?

SAMPLE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mpAbig8ttY


A Level Psychology Support from tutor2u

tutor2u is the leading provider of support for A Level Psychology Teachersand Students. Join our resource-sharing communities on Facebook and makefull use of our resources on the free tutor2u Psychology Channel.

Facebook Groups: AQA Psychology Teachers Edexcel Psychology Teachers OCR Psychology Teachers

A Level Psychology StudentsVisit the tutor2u A Level

Psychology ChannelSAMPLE

https://www.facebook.com/groups/aqapsychology/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/edexcelalevelpsychologyteachers/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/ocrpsychology/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/tutor2uALevelPsychStudentGroup/

http://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/latest

© tutor2u AQA A Level Psychology Handout www.tutor2u.net/psychology

Explanations of Obedience Question: What is meant by the following terms?

Situational Attribution Dispositional Attribution

Milgram (1963) – AO1 Summary Task: Summarise the aim, method, results and conclusion of Milgram’s research in EXACTLY 100 words, no more, no less, exactly 100.

SAMPLE

http://www.tutor2u.net/psychology


Milgram (1963) – AO3 Evaluation Task: Use the mind map below to detail different evaluation points (strengths / weaknesses) for the Milgram experiment.

Task: Select one strength and one weakness listed above and write two PEE paragraphs. Make sure the evidence is LINKED to Milgram’s experiment.

Poin

t

Evid

ence

/ Ex

ampl

e

Expl

ain

SAMPLE



Poin

t

Evid

ence

/ Ex

ampl

e

Expl

ain

Poin

t

Evid

ence

/ Ex

ampl

e

Expl

ain

SAMPLE


To find out whether ordinary Americans would obey unjust orders from a person in authority, to inflict pain on another person. SAMPLE

Milgram adver sed for male volunteers by placing an advert in a local newspaper which offered $4.50 for taking part in a study of ‘punishment and learning’. SAMPLE

40 volunteers, from a range of occupa ons and backgrounds, were selected to a end the laboratory at Yale University. SAMPLE

When they arrived they were greeted by the ‘experimenter’ and introduced to a middle‐aged man whom they believed to be another par cipant, Mr Wallace, who was a confederate (actor). SAMPLE

The experimenter explained that one par cipant was to be the teacher and the other the learner. The real par cipant was always assigned the role of teacher. SAMPLE

The role of the teacher (the real par cipant) was to teach the ‘learner’ a series of word pairs and then test their recall. SAMPLE

The teacher’s role was to administer an electric shock every me the learner made a mistake and increase the voltage with each mistake. SAMPLE

Both the teacher and learner were shown an electric chair. The teacher was given a sample shock to convince them that the procedure was real, then the learner was strapped into the chair. SAMPLE

The learner gave predetermined responses to the test. As the shocks became higher, the learner’s screams (which were pre‐recorded) became more drama c. At 180 volts he complained of a weak heart and at 300 volts he banged on the wall and demanded to leave. At 315 volts he refused to answer and became silent. SAMPLE

The experiment con nued un l the teacher refused to con nue or un l 450 volts was reached. SAMPLE

When/If the teacher objected the experimenter would respond with a series of ‘prods’ which were standardised, including: ‘Please con nue’, ‘Please go on’, ‘The Experiment requires that you con nue’, etc. SAMPLE

Following the experiment the par cipants were debriefed. SAMPLE

ALL (100%) of the real par cipants went to at least 300 volts. SAMPLE

65% of the par cipants went to the full 450 volts. SAMPLE

Under certain circumstances, most people will obey orders, even if those orders involve inflic ng pain on another human being. SAMPLE

Milgram’s study has been cri cised for breaking the code of ethics. SAMPLE

He did not gain the par cipants informed consent. SAMPLE

SAMPLE

He made it difficult for his par cipants to withdraw (right to withdraw). SAMPLE

Many (if not all) of his par cipants experienced considerable stress and poten al psychological harm. SAMPLE

Documents

Social Psychology SAMPLE - Amazon S3s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/tutor2u-media/resource-samples/Rese… · tutor2u is the leading provider of support for A Level Psychology Teachers