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Capability Statement
Smart Levees
Real-time monitoring of dikes, levees and dams
Keywords : sensors, monitoring, IJkdijk
With increasing economical investments in flood prone areas, flood risk management is a hot topic
in many deltas and lowlying areas around the world. When dikes or levees are built, a choice has
to be made as to what water levels the dike will protect against. But when a high water level is
imminent, decision makers and crisis managers will need to know the real strength of the dikes to
prevent both excessive risk to the population and unnecessary and expensive evacuation.
In response to these challenges, Deltares is developing technology and knowledge for building
“Smart Levee” systems: dikes, levees or dams remotely monitored through in situ or remote
sensors for early warning of impending dike failure.
The philosophy of our approach is to combine state of the art sensor technology with both
geotechnical expertise and numerical dike stability software through an open and flexible IT
architecture. Incorporating the latest developments in both sensor technology and geo-engineering
has been designed into our approach.
IJkdijk sliding experiment, post-failure. 2008.
8/3/2019 Smart Levee Productblad
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DeltaresInnovative solutions for water and
subsurface issues
Jos Maccabiani Stieltjesweg 2, P.O. Box 177 [email protected]
T +31 (88) 33 57 446 2600 MH www.deltares.nl
A sensor for every dike?
A smart levee system has to be tailor made for the local situation. Relevant factors include flood risk, available funds, geology,
availability of technology, power supply, availability of a communication infrastructure etcetera. We have developed several building
blocks to be used as a starting point and our ongoing R&D efforts ensure that you have access to the latest technology.
The first consideration is: do all dikes or levees in a dike system have to be equipped with sensors? There is no general answer and
will depend largely on the accepted flood risk. The prioritization of which dikes to monitor first can be made based on actual flood risk(including the possible consequences of dike breach at each location), geotechnical strength of the dikes (finding the weak links) and
available funds for the smart levee project. Deltares has extensive experience in large scale flood risk mapping and can assist in the
prioritization.
Experience with over 10 different in situ sensor systems
From 2007 onwards, a series of unique experiments have been taking place in
the Netherlands. In a 2 kilometer long by 200 meter wide polder, we have the
opportunity to build full-scale - 8 meters high and 100 meters wide - dikes and
bring them to failure. Deltares is one of the organisers of these “IJkdijk” tests
and is responsible for all geotechnical design and evaluation. IJkdijk is Dutch
for “calibration dike”.
We’ve allowed sensor technology providers to install their monitoring systems
in the levees. In this way, the performance of over 10 sensor systems could be
evaluated before, during and after dike failure. In the 2008 experiment for the
failure mode “sliding”, some sensor systems detected the weak failure plane
almost a day before actual failure took place.
In September 2009, a new series of full-scale piping tests has been performed, again with the cooperation of different sensor
technology providers. These experiments have given us unique experience with different systems, not just from the hardware point of
view but also on the possibility to combine these systems with numerical forecasting models.
Monitoring from aboveIn addition to in situ monitoring, Deltares is involved in projects in which remote sensing is used to investigate anomalies or changes in
the water defence structures. Examples include the use of InSar radar technology for long-term monitoring of levee deformation
behaviour or thermal imaging for detecting seepage. We are aware of the (im)possibilities of the different technologies and can advise
you on their use and interpretation. At this moment, these technologies are less suitable for crisis management due to the time
needed for data processing. At the same time, we are working with leading partners in remote sensing in R&D programs on improving
the uses of remote sensing for crisis management, e.g. through combining different sensing techniques.
Automated dike stability software
For those sensor readings that have to be fed to a numerical model in order to give a forecast or nowcast of dike stability, we have
fully automated our dike stability models MStab, MPiping and our overtopping models. This means, that a new sensor reading of (for
example) pore water pressures in the dike can automatically produce a new sliding calculation and a new river water level can be
instantly translated into piping forecast.
Projects
2006: Real-time sliding stability monitoring and forecasting, Gendt, the Netherlands
2007: IJkdijk full scale experiment “Overtopping”, Bellingwedde, the Netherlands
2008: IJkdijk full scale experiment “Sliding stability”, Bellingwedde, the Netherlands
2009: IJkdijk full scale experiments “Piping”, Bellingwedde, the Netherlands
2009: LiveDike, long term operational coastal dike monitoring, Eems harbour, the Netherlands
Related expertise
Dike Analysis Modules: operational forecasting and automated evaluation of dike strength
Levee Patroller: the levee inspection training simulator
