GE Digital Energy

Smart Energy Profile 2.0 Overview ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG 1

Robby Simpson, PhD Chair, SEP2 WG Robby.Simpson@GE.com April 24, 2013

Outline

•  Motivation •  Technical Overview •  Status

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MOTIVATION

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Smart Energy Profile 2.0? •  An evolution of ZigBee Smart Energy 1.x •  Application-layer profile – a collection of standards where options and configurations are

specified (for instance, prepayment support) with the intention of leading to interoperability and managing embedded device constraints

•  Focus on communications related to efficiency, usage, price communication, demand response and load control, and messaging

•  Range of backhaul (AMI, Internet, etc.) bandwidths and cost kept in mind during development

•  MAC/PHY (link layer) independent – intended to run over generic Internet Protocol stack •  Developing with several organizations including:

–  ZigBee Alliance –  HomePlug Powerline Alliance –  Wi-Fi Alliance –  EPRI –  SunSpec Alliance –  SAE –  IETF –  UCAIug

•  40+ million meters with ZigBee and/or HomePlug currently under contract, from a variety of the major North American and international meter manufacturers

•  Robust testing and certification program with logoing

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SEP 2.0

•  Selected by US NIST as one of 16 “Low Hanging Fruit” for the Smart Grid

•  Key stakeholder in US NIST PAPs 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 18 •  Working closely with SAE on vehicle communications •  Designed to exploit the benefits of wireless and wired •  Continuing trend of reaching out to market (AHAM,

IEC, EPRI, SAE, ESMIG, …) •  Continuing to add new features (PEVs, MDUs, etc.)

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(Some) Goals of SEP 2.0

•  IP stack / Link Layer (MAC/PHY) Agnostic – runs over ZigBee, HomePlug, Wi-Fi, Two Cans and a String, …

•  Smart Energy Profile information model clearly described in UML

•  Information model objects derived from IEC CIM (61968) and 61850

•  RESTful HTTP architecture •  “Standards Selection” (IETF, IEC, etc.) as opposed to

“Standards Definition” •  SDO feedback •  Well-defined end-to-end architecture •  Continuing momentum

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Internet Protocol Why? •  Internetworking – mixing various MAC/

PHY technologies •  Availability of COS products •  Vast labor pool •  Advantage of hard-won wisdom

(particularly in security) of Internet community

•  Eases convergence

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IP in the HAN April 2013

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ZigBee IP WiFi

Ethernet

HomePlug

PLC

TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

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Stacks April 2013

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Don’t Forget: •  Network Discovery •  Service Discovery •  Routing •  Security

Device Types (largely removed from 2.0)

•  ESI (Energy Services Interface) – can be integrated into utility meter (often the case) or standalone

•  In-Premises Display •  PCT (Programmable Communicating Thermostat) •  Load Control Devices (Pool Pumps, Water Heaters,

Appliances, Lighting, etc.) •  Plug-In Vehicles •  Inverters

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(Some) Function Sets

•  Pricing •  Demand Response and Load Control •  Metering / Energy Usage Information •  Messaging •  Prepayment •  Response •  Flow Reservation •  Distributed Energy Resources •  Billing •  File Download •  Time, Power Status, Network Status, etc.

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Name Resolution

•  xmDNS – Multicast DNS •  Familiar to many via Apple Bonjour

(mDNS) •  Enables DNS names without the need

for a centralized DNS server •  Used in conjunction with DNS-SD to

provide device and service discovery

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Device and Service Discovery

•  DNS-SD, used in conjunction with xmDNS •  Service Discovery

–  Types and Sub-Types

•  Essentially just DNS TXT records •  “Give me all smartenergy devices” •  “Give me all smartenergy metering devices” •  Returns various information such as path •  Can also query for a specific end device’s

information

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Application Transport

•  HTTP – the web protocol we all know and love

•  Used to interact with ‘resources’ in a ‘RESTful’ manner – 4 verbs: GET, PUT, POST, DELETE

•  Driven by desire to have a long-lived protocol and a familiar protocol for consumer interactions

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Security

•  Application layer security built around TLS •  May also have link layer security •  Think ‘https’ •  Certificates

–  Have agreed on a specific ECC cipher suite as the mandatory cipher suite for interoperability

–  Have agreed on a specific RSA cipher suite as an optional cipher suite for interoperability

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Application Payload Format

•  Message format of the HTTP resources •  Two mandatory for servers:

– XML – EXI

•  Clients are free to use either (or both)

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Semantic Model •  CIM, the Common Information Model

–  Common “dictionary” for Smart Grid – semantics •  Reuse of knowledge •  Reduced risk of translation errors •  Decoupled from underlying technologies – allows flexibility for future technology

changes •  Eases convergence

–  IEC 61968 / 61970 – developed by IEC TC57 •  The “what”

–  Metering, Pricing, etc. •  UML -> Schema -> Resources •  Exposed via RESTful model •  SEP 2.0 defines URI structure

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Function Set Assignments

•  Formerly called “End Device Groups” •  Mechanism for a server to assign

function sets to client(s) •  Live on the server •  Individual clients may have assignments

on multiple servers •  Can also simply access “public” function

sets

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Artifacts NORMATIVE: •  Application Specification – the text •  Schema (XSD) – the objects •  WADL – the methods INFORMATIVE: •  UML Model – used to generate XSD

All freely and publicly available

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STATUS

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Current Status •  CSEP established

–  Joint testing and certification organization between HomePlug, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, and others

–  Several interoperability events (typically once per month) –  Testing also occurring over the Internet (the beauty of IP!)

•  Now focused on final testing and certification – Stay Tuned!

•  Documents are frozen •  Conducting final testing and certification •  Certified Products likely in Q2 or Q3

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