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Smart City Testbed Chen-Ching Liu
Anurag Srivastava
Adam Hahn
Objectives
Self-Healing Power Grids
Integration of Smart Meters and Microgrids and
Associated Socio-Economic Issues
Capabilities
Electric power distribution network
Integration with wide area transmission network
Electricity market simulation environment
Information, communications and control technology
Renewable energy and storage devices
Control
Energy Management
System
Distribution Management
System
Meter Data Management
Data
Simulation
Real-world
Testbed Overview
Comprehensive research and collaboration testbed spanning across all power system domains
Transmission
Communication (DNP/OPC)
Distribution
x
Distribution Substation
Distribution Control Center
Communication (DNP/OPC)
Smart City Testbed
• ADD Picture
Smart Grid Demonstration and Research Investigation Lab (SGDRIL)
Use Case #1: Substation Intrusion Detection
Intrusion into a substation network
Vendor Personnel or
Site Engineers
Primary Control Center Network
Substation Network
`
Application Servers
SCADA Servers
Database Servers
` `
Modem
Data Concentrator
User Interfaces Dispatcher
Training Simulators
User Interfaces
Hackers
Router
Firewall
Firewall
Firewall
ModemApplication
ServersSCADA Servers
Database Servers
`
`
User Interfaces
Dispatcher Training Simulators
Firewall Secondary Control Center
Network Frame Relay Network / Radiowave / Dedicated Line
Modem
Corporate WAN
Remote Access Network through Dial-up, VPN,
or Wireless
... ...
...
... ...
...
...... ... ... ... ... ...
Breaker
Breaker
Breaker
Breaker
Breaker Breaker Breaker Breaker Breaker Breaker
BreakerBreaker
Breaker
Transformer Transformer
Busbar
BusbarBusbar
Transmission line Transmission line
Feeder Feeder Feeder Feeder Feeder Feeder
Modem
Other Corporate Intranets
Potential threats in a substation based on IEC 61850
IED Relay PMU
Merging Unit
User-interface GPS Station
Level
Bay Level
Process Level
Compromise user-
interface
Gain access to bay level devices
Modify GOOSE message
Generate fabricated
analog values
Change device settings
CT and VT
Circuit Breaker
Actuator
Relays
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Simultaneous attacks – without ADS
1. Bus 6
2. Bus 12
3. Bus 15
4. Bus 28
5. Bus 36
6. Bus 33 7. Bus 34
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Without ADS - Blackout
1. Bus 6
2. Bus 12
3. Bus 15
4. Bus 28
5. Bus 36
6. Bus 33 7. Bus 34
Gen 10
Gen 2
Gen 1
Gen 6
Gen 3
Gen 9
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
Without ADS - Blackout
Attack Start
Attack End
13
Frequency
Voltage
IEEE 39 bus system (DIgSILENT)
With ADS - Normal
Frequency Voltage
Use Case #2: Wide Area Applications
Phasor Data Concentrator
(PDC)
RTDS
Test PMU
Analog Test Signals
C37.118.1 Data
C37.118.1 Data
.csv Data (Offline)
PMU Testing
Automatically generated
PMU test report
Testing of Synchrophasor Applications
Programmable PMU
PMUs
Power system Simulator (ie : RTDS, OPAL-RT, PSS/E, Powerworld, PowerFactory) PDCs
PMUs PDCs Real Power system
Applications
Applications
Use Case #3: Cyber-Physical Analysis
Cyber-Physical Analysis
Communication Delay in IEEE-14 Bus Test Case
Communication Delay in IEEE-30 Bus Test Case
Breaker opening and out of synchronism reclosing
Aurora attack with local beaker opening
Aurora attack with remote beaker opening
Real Time Simulation for Aurora Attack
Use Case #4: Microgrid Control
Real Time Energy Management and Control for Microgrid
Thanks