Small Scale Wind Energy Systems

7/29/2019 Small Scale Wind Energy Systems

1/14

NISHA.K (M.ARCH) GEN1350007 2013-15

SMALL SCALE WINDENERGY SYSTEMS

BUILDING INTEGRATED WINDPOWER SYSTEMS


2/14


INTRODUCTION A small wind turbine is a wind

turbine used for microgeneration, as opposed to thanlarge commercial windturbines, such as those foundin wind farms, with greater

individual power output. These turbines may be as

small as a 50Watt generator forboat, caravan, or miniaturerefrigeration unit.

It is becoming more common toincorporate wind turbines intobuildings as a way to increasea buildings sustainability .

The effective use of windturbines in an urbanenvironment is very differentfrom the use of turbines ontraditional wind farms.


3/14


Considerations and Challenges for any Building-integrated turbine project:

The effects of the urban surroundings andbuilding aerodynamics on wind conditionsat the turbines

The effects of those wind conditions onoptimal turbine placement

The accurate prediction of wind power

output for building-integrated turbines Compared to the regional wind conditions,the winds near the building surface willtypically be gustier and more unevenacross the turbine blades, which will affectthe turbines performance.

the influence of neighbouring structuresand the effects of the building itself. Noise inside the building Vibration transmitted through pole Structure borne noise caused by vibration

Structural damages if supporting elementsnot strong enough for turbine weight Turbulence due to interaction of wind with

buildings

increases stress on turbine blades andnoise levels


4/14


ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESBUILDING INTEGRATED WIND POWER SYSTEMS

The wind is free and with moderntechnology it can be capturedefficiently

It csn be used possibly along withsolar or biomass, provide adecentralised supply of energy

They are available in a range of sizesto allow supply to a range ofdemands.

This means that turbines can beinstalled locally to provide energy

On top of all of this, using wind powerto meet your energy demand candramatically reduce energy bills .

urban installations on top of buildingshelp reduce the reliance on the grid. .

Once the wind turbine is built the

energy it produces does not causegreen house gases or otherpollutants.

The strength of the wind is notconstant and it varies from zero tostorm force.

Wind turbines are noisy with level ofnoise as a family car travelling at 70mph.

When wind turbines are beingmanufactured and transported to thelocation it consumes quite a bit ofenergy.

it has been difficult to understand how

the wind behaves in built up areas,resulting in low power outputs andultimately, bad reviews.

urban and suburban areas includeconsiderable turbulence and turbinesmounted there have simply not been

capturing enough laminar wind. Predicting wind-energy quality anddensity is more complicated in built upareas, such as cities, than in ruralplains where there are few obstaclesupwind of the turbine.


5/14



6/14



7/14



8/14


STRATA LONDON The building exceeds

current UK buildingregulations onsustainability by 13%, andthe turbines are expectedto generate up to 8% of

the buildings energyneeds an innovation thattranslates directly intoelectricity bill savings forevery of the 408

apartments.

Embracing sustainabledesign and renewableenergy technologies

Strata has become thefirst building in the world tohave integrated windturbines.


9/14


Located in one of theMayor of Londons Energy

Action Areas, the 148mhigh 43-storey residentialdevelopment is a newlandmark on Londonskyline.

It has three five-bladed, 9mdiameter integrated windturbines, and a highperformance unitizedaluminum curtain wallsystem and low energy

landlord areas. This arrangement will help

generate 50 mega watthours of electricity per yearfor the landlords supply.

It is believed that StrataSE1 will achieve apredicted 73.5% reductionin CO2 emissions whencompared against the

Building Regulationsbenchmark.

STRATA LONDON


10/14


It is a partially self-powered, 11-storey parking garage indowntown Chicago designed byHOK.

The buildings dozen vertical-axis wind turbines, which arestacked in two double-helicalcolumns along the southwest .

The design makes intelligent

use of passive as well as activetechnologies for harnessingnatural energy flows.

Ventilation, for example, isaccomplished without amechanical plant because the

garages porous skinatapestry of vertical cast-glassplanks spaced at varying widthsand overlapsis at least 20percent open on every level,meeting local code

requirements. The 12 self-starting, lightweightaluminum S594 turbines,manufactured by Helix Wind,were selected for the relativelylow wind velocity (11.1 mph) at

which they start producingusable electricity,

GREENWAY SELF PARK


11/14


Vertical-axis turbines can exploitwind from any direction at awide range of velocities, astrong bonus for harnessing thefickle breezes of urbanmicroenvironments.

Each turbine rotatesindependently and is capable ofproducing up to 4.5kW ofpower. The Greenway SelfParks two-way power meterallows the garage to give andtake, redirecting electricity backto the Chicago utility gridwhenever there is more energyproduced than consumed.

By positioning them as twocontinuous vertical stacksagainst a chamfered cornerfacing the intersection of WestKinzie and North Clarkestreets,the chamfer increasesthe turbines wind exposure.

Each modular unit, measuring16 feet high and 4 feet indiameter, is clipped in to adedicated support column, orspine tube, which transfers theturbines weight to the garagesprecast concrete structure.

GREENWAY SELF PARK


12/14


Harvesting Wind Power from Tall Buildings

Shaping of tall buildings to enhance theperformance of wind turbines.

The Bahrain World Trade Centre Tower is formed to

create a Venturi effect, placing

the horizontal axis turbinesbetween two wings of thebuilding.

This approach clearly works foronly a limited number of winddirections, but may be useful in a

location with a very dominantprevailing wind direction.

Restricting the orientation ofhorizontal axis turbines,however, severely limits theefficiencies gained from using

this type of turbine.


13/14


Harvesting Wind Power from Tall

BuildingsShaping of tall buildings to enhance the

performance of wind turbines.

The Pearl River Tower slots through the tower are

used to relieve the pressure

between the front and rearfaces of the tower with theseslots being aerodynamicallyshaped to increase flowthrough them.

Again, this approach is most

efficient for only a few winddirections, but has theadvantages accelerating theflow while likely reducing theturbulence approaching theturbines.


14/14


The turbines, each 18 feet tall, standin three parallel rows and are mounted in

a specially designed hood that crownsthe roof of OMRFs 130-foot-tall researchtower.The helical turbines, reminiscent of theshape of DNA, will create an estimated

85,500 kilowatt hours of energyannuallyenough to power seven

average-sized homes for a yearThe turbines are constructed of

aluminum and steel, making them heavy-

duty enough to withstand the Oklahomaelements but light enough to harness themaximum amount of wind power.

The energy they create is fed directly

into the towers grid in a system that uses

wind-generated power when available butseamlessly switches to OG+E powerwhen necessary.

Documents

Small Scale Wind Energy Systems