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Table of Contents: Energy in Organisms
· Energy Introduction
· Energy Use in Plants
· Energy Use in Animals
Click on the topic to go to that section
· Energy Flow
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Energy
This unit is about energy. We have talked about energy before - What do you already know about it?
Come up with some ideas right now at your table.
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Energy
This unit is about energy. We have talked about energy before - What do you already know about it?
Come up with some ideas right now at your table.
[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
Energy is the ability to do work
All living things need energy to stay
alive
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Lab 1: Examining Plant Growth
Where do plants get their energy?1. Read the full lab procedure.2. Decide how your lab group is going
to test your plant.3. Present your plan to your teacher.4. Set up your plant, after the teacher
has approved your plan.
First we will talk about energy use in animals, while our lab gets going!
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Where do we get energy from?
Brainstorm this question with your group and write your answers here:
Move this box for a hint!
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Why do animals need to eat?
Write your answers here:
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Earlier we defined energy as the ability to do work . It can exist in several forms. Using the hints, name the form of energy:
What is energy?
in food
stored, a ball at the top of a hill
electricity
motion
heat
power plant, reaction
Type of energyHint______________________________________________________
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Earlier we defined energy as the ability to do work . It can exist in several forms. Using the hints, name the form of energy:
What is energy?
in food
stored, a ball at the top of a hill
electricity
motion
heat
power plant, reaction
Type of energyHint______________________________________________________
[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
chemical
potential
electrical
kinetic
thermal
nuclear
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1 What is energy?
A The ability to do work
B The ability to make energy
C The energy to do work
D All of the above
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1 What is energy?
A The ability to do work
B The ability to make energy
C The energy to do work
D All of the above[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer A - The ability to do work
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2 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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2 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear [This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
C
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3 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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3 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
E
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4 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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4 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
D
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5 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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5 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
F
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6 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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6 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
A
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7 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear
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7 The picture below shows ___________ energy.
A chemical
B potential
C electrical
D kinetic
E thermal
F nuclear [This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer
B
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What is energy used for?Humans and other organisms need energy for many activities. Make a list with your table of why humans need energy.
Body repair
Growth
Keeping warm
Motion
When you are done with your list, move this box for some
answers.
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Body Repair
When cells are damaged, they will repair themselves by using the materials and energy found in food, to
create new cells.
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Growth
Cells will use materials and energy from food to make new cells in order for the organism to grow
larger.
Review: What is the type of energy we get from food?
More Cells = More of an organism
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Warmth
Many organisms use energy to
generate heat to maintain their
internal temperature.
Can you name an organism that cannot create heat on its own?
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Movement
Organisms use energy to move their bodies.
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8 What processes can organisms use the materials and energy from food to complete?
A warmth and motion
B growth
C body repair
D all of the above
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8 What processes can organisms use the materials and energy from food to complete?
A warmth and motion
B growth
C body repair
D all of the above [This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer D - all of the above
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How do we get the energy out of food?
Chemical energy is found in our food.
Cellular Respiration is the process in our body that releases
the energy stored in food for our use.
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We must consume food!
Animals (including humans) must eat plants, or animals that ate plants, or animals that ate other plant eating animals to get energy.
Due to the fact animals eat in order to get energy, they are called consumers. Plants on the other hand make their own food, they are called producers.
The flow of energy from plant to animal to animal through the food web will be further explained in another unit.
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Humans and other organisms release the energy stored in food through a chemical reaction called cellular respiration.
This process occurs in the cell and needs oxygen (brought into the body from the air), and sugar (found in food) to work.
Cellular Respiration
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The oxygen we breathe is used to break down food into sugar, which is then broken down further.
The chemical energy stored in the sugar is released for the organisms to use. Can you recall the 4 reasons we use energy?
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
4. ____________________
Cellular Respiration
Carbon dioxide and water we exhale are released as
waste products.
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Cellular Respiration
You can think of cellular respiration as a mathematical formula:
Food + Oxygen = Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water
=
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9 How does respiration help humans and other organisms?
A It makes energy from food.
B It releases energy stored in food.
C It stores the energy in food.
D It releases energy in the air.
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9 How does respiration help humans and other organisms?
A It makes energy from food.
B It releases energy stored in food.
C It stores the energy in food.
D It releases energy in the air.
[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer B - it releases the energy stored in
food
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10 Which chemical is a waste product of respiration?
A Oxygen
B Sugar
C Nitrogen
D Carbon Dioxide
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10 Which chemical is a waste product of respiration?
A Oxygen
B Sugar
C Nitrogen
D Carbon Dioxide
[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer D - carbon dioxide
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Plants need energy too.
Where does it come from?
Energy use in Plants
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Yes! the energy for plants comes from the sun.
Plants collect sunlight and turn it into food using a
process called Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis
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PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis is a chemical reaction
It requires sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to work.
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Carbon dioxide and water are known as the reactants because they make the reaction start.
Photosynthesis Materials
Have you heard people say its good to talk to your houseplants?
Why is that?
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Photosynthesis Materials
Plants take carbon dioxide molecules into their cells from the air and get
water from their roots.
The leaves of plants have holes in them that let air in and out of the leaf.
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Photosynthesis Process
Photosynthesis happens in two stages:
(1) Capturing the energy of sunlight
(2) Creating sugar to permanently store this energy
Both processes occur in the leaves of the plant.
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PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis can also be thought of as an equation:
Check out this simulation of photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide + Water = Sugar + Oxygen
oxygen
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11 What materials are needed to begin photosynthesis?
A Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide
B Sunlight and Oxygen
C Sunlight, Oxygen and Sugar
D Sunlight, Carbon dioxide and water
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11 What materials are needed to begin photosynthesis?
A Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide
B Sunlight and Oxygen
C Sunlight, Oxygen and Sugar
D Sunlight, Carbon dioxide and water[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer A - sunlight and
carbon dioxide
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Sunlight is sort of like an oven used to make a cake. It is part of the process but not an ingredient.
Therefore, it is not added in the equation, but it is mentioned.
Sunlight and Photosynthesis
What would happen to a plant without sunlight?
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Chloroplasts
Plants have special structures in the cells in their leaves called chloroplasts.
The chloroplasts use a chemical called chlorophyll to collect light.
What color do you think chlorophyll is?
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Photosynthesis and the Seasons
In the fall, not enough sunlight is collected and the chlorophyll stops working. How can you tell this by looking at a tree?
The plant must use other chemicals, which are different colors like red, brown, and orange.
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12 Why is sunlight not part of the photosynthesis equation?
A It is not used.
B It is used but isn't important.
C It is used but is not mixed into the "recipe".
D It is added into the equation.
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12 Why is sunlight not part of the photosynthesis equation?
A It is not used.
B It is used but isn't important.
C It is used but is not mixed into the "recipe".
D It is added into the equation.[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer C - it is used but not mixed into the
"recipe"
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Photosynthesis UsesJust like we talked about with animals, plants will use the sugars formed during photosynthesis as an energy source. Thinking about what animals use energy for, can you come up with 2 ways plants use energy?
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
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13 What are the main sources of materials for photosynthesis?
A Air and water
B Soil and water
C Air and Soil
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13 What are the main sources of materials for photosynthesis?
A Air and water
B Soil and water
C Air and Soil
[This object is a pull tab]
Ans
wer A - air and water
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Please follow the teacher's instructions and your lab sheet to complete this lab
LAB 2 : Pigments in Plants
Paper Chromatography
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration are both cycles.
Can you identify on the next page how it works?
Next to each arrow, write if the process is
cellular respiration or photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
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Carbon Dioxide
WaterSugar
EnergyOxygen
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Animals use the sugar and oxygen made by plants to produce
carbon dioxide and water.
Plants use carbon dioxide and water to create sugar and oxygen.
Plants store the energy of sunlight, animals release it.
The materials of both processes are recycled!
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Click here for a video which reviews these connected processes plants and animals use to get energy!
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Please follow the teacher's instructions and your lab sheet to complete this lab.
LAB 3 : Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
