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7/31/2019 Sleep Psych
1/21
Sleep
Austin Haire
7/31/2019 Sleep Psych
2/21
What is Sleep?
A natural periodic state of
rest for the mind and body in
which the eyes usually close
and consciousness is
completely or partially lost so
that there is a decrease in
bodily movement and
responsiveness to external
stimuli
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What Does Sleep Do For Me?
Recharges your brain
Repairs cells in body
Releases important hormones
into body Increases rate of cell division
and protein synthesis
Helps us remember and think
creatively May play role in growth process
Controls weight gain
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How Does Sleep Work?
Stage 0: relatively awake and alert.
Brain produces what are known as betawaves, which are small and fast.
As brain begins to relax and slow down,slower waves (known as alpha waves) are
produced. May experience hypnagogic hallucinations.
Common examples of this phenomenoninclude feeling like you are falling or hearingsomeone call your name.
Myoclonic jerk: startling suddenly forseemingly no reason at all (While it mayseem unusual, these myoclonic jerks areactually quite common).
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Stages Cont.
Stage 1: beginning of the sleepcycle (relatively light stage of sleep).
Considered a transition periodbetween wakefulness and sleep.
Brain produces high amplitudetheta waves, (very slow brainwaves).
Lasts only a brief time (around 5-10
minutes). If you awaken someone during this
stage, they might report that theyweren't really asleep.
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Stages Cont.
Stage 2: lasts for approximately 20minutes.
The brain produces bursts of rapid,rhythmic brain wave activity knownas sleep spindles.
Body temperature starts todecrease and heart rate begins toslow.
Stage 3: Deep, slow brain wavesknown as delta waves begin toemerge.
Transitional period between lightsleep and a very deep sleep.
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Stages Cont.
Stage 4: referred to as delta sleep because of
the slow brain waves known as delta waves
that occur during this time.
Deep sleep that lasts for approximately 30
minutes.
Bed-wetting and sleepwalking are most likely
to occur at the end of stage 4 sleep.
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Stages Cont.
Stage 5: Most dreaming occurs during this stage known as rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep.
REM sleep is characterized by eye movement, increased respiration rateand increased brain activity.
Also referred to as paradoxical sleep (while brain and other body systemsbecome more active, muscles become more relaxed).
Dreaming occurs because of increased brain activity.
Voluntary muscles become paralyzed.
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How Much Sleep Does One Need?
Amount of sleep
needed daily
depends on age
Babies need the
most, almost 16
hours
People over 65 need
about 6 hours
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Are There Effects of Oversleeping?
Diabetes
Obesity
Headaches Back Pain
Depression
Heart Disease Higher Death Rate
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What About Too Little Sleep?
Cancer
Fatigue
Hypertension
Diabetes
Obesity
Decreased
productivity
Not enough = death
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What Are Dreams?
A series of images, ideas, emotions, and
sensations occurring involuntarily in the mind
during certain stages of sleep.
A dream can include any of the images, thoughts
and emotions that are experienced during sleep.
Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very
vague; filled with joyful emotions or frighteningimagery; focused and understandable or unclear
and confusing.
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What are Possible Sleep Disorders?
Parasomnia: makes oneperform unnatural sleepmovements, even though oneis asleep
Insomnia: the inability to getthe amount of sleep you needto wake up feeling rested andrefreshed. Often a symptom of
another problem (stress,anxiety, depression, orunderlying health condition).
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Sleep Disorders Cont.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS):causesan almost irresistible urge to moveyour legs (or arms). The urge to moveoccurs when resting or lying down,usually due to uncomfortable, tingly,aching, or creeping sensations.
Sleep apnea: common sleep disorderin which your breathing temporarilystops during sleep due to blockage ofthe upper airways. These pauses inbreathing interrupt your sleep,
leading to many awakenings eachhour.
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How Do I Know If I Have a Disorder?
Do you . . .
feel irritable or sleepy during the day?
have difficulty staying awake when sitting still, watching televisionor reading?
fall asleep or feel very tired while driving?
have difficulty concentrating?
often get told by others that you look tired?
react slowly?
have trouble controlling your emotions?
feel like you have to take a nap almost every day?
require caffeinated beverages to keep yourself going?
If you answered yes to any of the previous questions, you may havea sleep disorder
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Have Studies Found Anything About
Sleep?
Blind people still dream
2% of teenagers still wet the bed
12% of people dream in black and white
Men dream of other men 70% of the time
You are paralyzed while you sleep
Your dreams respond to external stimuli
Quitters have more vivid dreams You forget 90% of your dream 10 minutes after
you wake
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Is There Sleep Hygiene?
Yes, and to help your sleep cycle, follow these
steps:
Do not take naps during the day
Sleep when you are actually sleepy
Get into a routine
Associate bed with sleep Do not create anxiety about not sleeping
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QUESTIONS?