Slap it!Survive the 5

What is HNO3

• Nitric Acid Rain

What happens during a thermal inversion?

• Warm air traps cool air below and pollutants build up

What international agreement limited the production/use of CFC’s?

• The Montreal Protocol

Which is larger - PM 10 or PM 2.5

• PM 10

What is H2SO4

• Sulfuric Acid Rain

What is a primary pollutant?

• Is emitted directly from a source

What type of UV radiation does Ozone block out entirely?

• UVC

What is a secondary pollutant?

• A primary pollutant that is photochemically changed (Ozone) , or changed with some chemistry (acid rain)

What atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect?

• Water Vapor

What ANTHROPOGENIC atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect?

• Carbon Dioxide

What conditions are beneficial for photochemical smog?

• Sunny (warm), and dry

Where is ozone beneficial and where is it harmful?

• Beneficial in the stratosphere• Harmful in the troposphere.

How is ozone harmful in the troposphere? (there are two ways)

• Lung Irritant• Greenhouse Gas

What are the effects of sick building syndrome?

• Coughing, eye irritation, wheezing, sneezing.• Effects only present when inside the building.

What 7 air pollutants did the Clean Air Act aim to reduce?

PM(2.5, 10), SOx, NOx, VOCs, CO, O3, Pb.

Explain the role of a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, cyclone separator, and baghouse filter.

• Polluted air comes in and cleaner air and a solid containing the trapped pollutants comes out.

What is the absorbing capacity of Methane compared to Carbon Dioxide?

• 25 times

How can a volcanic eruption effect the Earth’s temperature?

• The PM blocks the suns rays from getting to the earth.

• Earth cools.

Give an source and example of a primary pollutant.

• NO2 , Auto Exhaust/Factories

Give a source and example of a secondary pollutant.

• Sulfuric Acid Rain, from coal combustion.

How does the pH scale work? Why is a 3 more acidic than a 6?

• A 3 has more H+ ions in it.

Explain dry acid deposition.

• Nitrates and Sulfates fall down from the sky due to gravity (no water involved)

What happens to the polar vortex in the spring?

• The vortex breaks up and the suns radiation splits a CL from the CFCl3

What are the negative health effects of a thin ozone layer?

• Cataracts and skin cancer

Write out the chemistry of the formation of Carbonic Acid.

• H2O + CO2 → H2 CO3

• Carbonic Acid

Write out the chemistry for the formation of Nitric Acid.

• 3 NO2 + H2O NO + 2 HNO3 • Nitric Acid Rain

Write out the chemistry for the formation of Sulfuric Acid.

• 2 SO2 + O2 2 SO3

• SO3 + H2O H2SO4

• Acid Rain – Sulfuric Acid

Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the stratosphere

• O2 + UV -------> O + O• O + O2 -------> O3

Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the troposphere

• NO2 + sunlight → NO + O• O + O2 → O3

What two elements are most responsible for ozone depletion?

• Chlorine and Bromine

What are the main sources of CFC’s?

• Chlorine – refrigerants, aerosols, dry cleaning solution, Styrofoam blowing agents.

• Bromine – fire extinguishers, pesticides.