Skydrol 5

SKYDROL5SKYDROL5H I G H - T E M P E R A T U R E H Y D R A U L I C F L U I D

PUB. NO. 7249246BSupersedes No. 7249246A

Thermal Stability Provides up to 4X extended

fluid life vs Type IV fluids. Erosion Resistance

Unlike Type IV fluids, Skydrol 5 maintains erosion

resistance above Type IV temp rating.

Fluid Density Lowest density PE hydraulic fluid,

which can result in significant fuel savings.

Toxicity New basestock eliminates potential

long-term health effect concern.

W H Y S K Y D R O L 5

I N F O R M A T I O N For more information about Skydrol Hydraulic Fluids from Solutia, call 1 (800) 260-4150

1

C O N T E N T S

3 A Brief History of Skydrol Aviation Hydraulic Fluid

4 Improved Thermal Stability

Skydrol Stability Comparison

5 Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance

Erosion Resistance Test

6 Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings

7 Relative Fuel Savings Using Skydrol 5 vs Current Type IV Fluids

Estimated Weight Savings Based on Aircraft Model

8 Typical Physical and Chemical Properties

9 Typical Fire Resistance Properties

11 Personal Safety

Improved Toxicity

Product Safety

Skin Protection

Proper First Aid Treatment for Eye Exposure

Inhalation of Skydrol 5 Fluid

Ingestion of Skydrol 5 Fluid

12 Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills

Cleaning Solvents

Non-Halogenated Cleaning Solvents

SKYDROL5C O N T E N T S

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3

Early aviation hydraulic systems were used to applybrake pressure. These systemsused various oil-based

hydraulic fluids. As aircraftdesigns produced larger andfaster aircraft, greater useof hydraulics was necessary. These advancesled to the development ofpetroleum-based hydraulic fluids such as Mil-O-3580 and,later, Mil-H-5606.

Shortly after World War II, thegrowing number of aircrafthydraulic fluid fires drew the collective concern of the commer-cial aviation industry and the public. In the later 1940s, DouglasAircraft Company and Solutia Inc.cooperated in the development ofa fire resistant hydraulic fluidbased on phosphate ester chemistry,which was named Skydrol 7000.

As the aviation transport industrymoved toward more sophisticatedaircraft that operated at moreextreme conditions, Skydrol 500Afluid was developed to meet theneeds of these new aircraft.Continuous development of more advanced aircraft led tomodifications of the Skydrol fluidformulations. The changes required

by the aircraft manufacturers areknown as modifications to the fluid specifications ... or simply as Type I, II, III, or Type IV

fluids. Skydrol LD-4 andSkydrol 500B-4, Solutias

Type IV fluids, have been in commercial service

without modification since 1978.

Aircraft design and the transportindustry continue to evolve.Newer, more efficient aircraftdesigns and improved maintenanceprocedures put greater demandson hydraulic fluid. Solutia hasinvested over 10 years of effort todevelop a new hydraulic fluid tomeet these demands. Skydrol 5 sets the standard for the next generation of phosphate ester-basedhydraulic fluid. It is a lighter, morethermally stable fluid than anyexisting Type IV hydraulic fluid.

Solutia has over 50 years of experience in providing Skydrolbrand phosphate ester-basedhydraulic fluid to the commercialair transport industry. We are confident that Skydrol 5 will continue our record of outstandingservice to the industry.

A Brief History of Skydrol Aviation Hydraulic Fluid

SKYDROL 5S PATENTED

FORMULATION SETS THE

STANDARD FOR THE NEXT

GENERATION OF PHOSPHATE

ESTER-BASED HYDRAULIC

FLUID. IT IS A LIGHTER, MORE

THERMALLY STABLE FLUID

THAN ANY EXISTING TYPE IV

HYDRAULIC FLUID.

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glas

Airc

raft

Com

pany

.


Hours

% E

poxi

de D

eple

tion

Skydrol 5

5,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000

Type IV Fluids

10

30

50

70

90

0

20

40

60

80

100

F I G U R E S 1 A N D 2 : S K Y D R O L 5 S TA B I L I T Y C O M PA R I S O N

10

30

50

70

90

Hours

% E

poxi

de D

eple

tion

Skydrol 5

0

20

40

60

80

100

5,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000

Type IV Fluids

4

Phosphate ester hydraulic fluid can degrade with time and temperature via two chemical mechanisms:

hydrolysis and oxidation.

Hydrolysis is a chemical decompo-sition of the phosphate ester basestock of the hydraulic fluid. Therate of hydrolytic decompositionof the fluid is proportional to thewater content and the temperatureof the fluid. Skydrol 5s patentedformulation is built on a newphosphate ester base stock, Tri-isoButyl Phosphate. Type IV fluids are built on Tri-ButylPhosphate. Tri-isoButyl Phosphateis more resistant to hydrolysisthan Tri-butyl Phosphate.

Improved Thermal Stability

SKYDROL5

Oxidation is a chain reaction thatleads to the degradation of thehydraulic fluid. The rate of oxidation is proportional to temperature. Anti-oxidants areadded to fluid formulations tominimize the contribution of oxidation to fluid degradation.Skydrol 5 contains a more robustpackage of anti-oxidants than any Type IV fluid. This package of anti-oxidants makes Skydrol 5more resistant to oxidation, andtherefore, Skydrol 5 can operatefor longer periods of time at higher temperatures.

The useful life of Skydrol 5 is morethan twice that of Type IV fluids at 275F. At 350F, the useful lifeof Skydrol 5 is approximately fourtimes longer than Type IV fluids.

The useful life of Skydrol 5 iscompared with Type IV fluids inFigures 1 and 2, for two differentmoisture levels, at 212F/100C.The useful life of the fluids isbased on sealed tube experiments.It is important to note that theuseful fluid life is defined at a constant exposure temperature.While the temperature in a workinghydraulic system normally remainsbelow 225F, the temperature ofthe fluid may be much higher atlocalized hot spots. The actualimprovement in fluid life ofSkydrol 5 over Type IV fluids willdepend on the thermal environmentof each particular system.

Photo courtesy of The Boeing Company.

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212F/100C @ 0.2% Moisture

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 212F/100C @ 0.5% Moisture

Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl Average of results with 1, 50 and 200 ppm Cl

Higher Temperature Erosion Resistance

Skydrol 5 has been designed to provide the same erosionprotection characteristics at275F/135C that Skydrol

Type IV fluids have demonstratedat 225F/107C. Skydrol 5 displaysoutstanding erosion protectionand reliable pump performance at these elevated temperatures.

Type IV Fluids

Net

Inte

rnal

Lea

kage

(cc/

min

)

Skydrol 5

0

50

100

150

200

250

500450400350300250200150100500

Hours

AS1241B/BMS 3-11 protocol @ 200 ppm chlorine and 275F(Average of multiple test runs)

Type IV Fluids vs. Skydrol 5 @ 275F/135C

F I G U R E 3 : E R O S I O N R E S I S TA N C E T E S T

Lower Density Equates to Weight Savings

Airframe manufacturers andoperators are becoming more conscious of the benefits of weight saving in

todays competitive environment.Any weight that can be removedfrom an aircraft translates toincreased payload and/or fuel savings. Skydrol 5 sets a new standard as the lowest density phosphate-ester basedhydraulic fluid.

The density of Skydrol 5 is lowerthan the density of existing TypeIV fluids. Typical weight savingsper aircraft model are given in the table. The use of Skydrol 5can translate into 5 to 120 poundsof weight savings depending onthe aircraft model. This weightsaving will lead directly to reducedfuel burn!

SKYDROL5SKYDROL5


Low Density

Standard Density

Hydraulic System Size (Gal)

Fuel

Sav

ings

/Yr/A

ircra

ft (G

al)

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

00 50 100 150 200

I N S T R U C T I O N S :

Locate on the X-Axis the aircraft hydraulicsystem size, referencing Figure 5 below.

Measure up until you intercept the diagonal line of the fluid presently in use (Standard or Low Density).

Measure across to the Y-Axis to identify the projected annual fuel savings (in gallons).

Example: Switching to Skydrol 5 in a B-747 with 178 gallon hydraulic system.

From Standard Density fluid will save approximately 2,400 gallons of fuel/year.

From Low Density Type IV fluids will save 700-1,000 gallons of fuel/year.

F I G U R E 4 : R E L AT I V E F U E L S AV I N G S U S I N G S K Y D R O L 5 V S . C U R R E N T T Y P E I V F L U I D S

7

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM WEIGHT SAVINGS OVER ANNUAL FUEL SAVINGS AIRCRAFT TYPE VOLUME* TYPE IV FLUIDS PER AIRCRAFT

AirbusA300 106 gallons 16 - 71 pounds 377 - 1625 gallonsA310 99 gallons 15 - 66 pounds 320 - 1380 gallonsA319 62 gallons 43 pounds 176 - 761 gallonsA320 62 gallons 9 - 42 pounds 176 - 761 gallonsA321 66 gallons 10 - 44 pounds 187 - 806 gallonsA330 116 gallons 17 - 78 pounds 302 - 1423 gallonsA340 124 gallons 19 - 83 pounds 353 - 1521 gallons

BoeingB717 23 gallons 16 pounds 65 - 600 gallonsB727 33 gallons 23 pounds 139 - 418 gallonsB737-100,200 23 gallons 3 - 15 pounds 82 - 355 gallonsB737-300 to 500 33 gallons 5 - 22 pounds 118 - 510 gallonsB747 178 gallons 27 - 120 pounds 506 - 2159 gallonsB757 78 gallons 12 - 52 pounds 216 - 933 gallonsB767 81 gallons 12 - 54 pounds 209 - 902 gallonsB777 180 gallons 124 pounds 512 - 2208 gallons

DouglasDC-8 68 gallons 38 pounds 196 - 843 gallonsDC-9 29 gallons 20 pounds 116 - 501 gallonsDC-10 135 gallons 93 pounds 432 - 1863 gallonsMD-11 133 gallons 20 - 89 pounds 393 - 1693 gallonsMD-80 24 gallons 4 - 16 pounds 82 - 429 gallonsMD-90 29 gallons 20 pounds 99 - 356 gallons

LockheedL1011 137 gallons 21 - 92 pounds 450 - 1941 gallons

*Approximate volume includes reservoirs

F I G U R E 5 : E S T I M A T E D W E I G H T S A V I N G S B A S E D O N A I R C R A F T M O D E L

Basis: Fuel Burn Factor = .045 lb fuel/lbFuel Density = 6.7Savings are per aircraft


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PROPERTY SKYDROL 5 TEST METHOD

Specific Gravity @ 77/77F 0.977 Solutia 116-D

Density @ 77F 0.974 g/ml

Weight/Gallon @ 77F 8.13 pounds

Viscosity in cs. ASTM D-445

@ -65F/-54C 2085

@ 100F/38C 9.23

@ 210F/99C 3.18

Neutralization Number 0.04 mg KOH/g ASTM D-664

Moisture Content (wt.%) 0.20% maximum Solutia 78-A,B

Cleanliness Level NAS 1638 Class 7 or better Solutia 56-E

Pour Point < -80F/-62C ASTM D-77

Vapor Pressure @ 212F 7.7 mm Hg ASTM D-2879

Coefficient of Thermal 4.6 X 10-4/F

Expansion V/V/F (75F-225F)

Bulk Modulus 211,000 PTV Bleed-off

Dielectric Strength @ 77F 6.5KVAC ASTM D-877

Elect. Conductivity @ 77F/25 0.23 ASTM D-2624

Foaming Characteristic

1) @ 75F/24C 79 mls. - 30 secs. ASTM D-892

2) @ 200F/93C 57 mls. - 32 secs.

3) @ 75F/24C (after 200F) 81 mls. - 32 secs.

Elastomer Compatibility Meets industry requirements*

*Equivalent to Type IV Class I Fluids.

F I G U R E 6 : T Y P I C A L P H Y S I C A L A N D C H E M I C A L P R O P E R T I E S

SKYDROL5

Microsiemens/cm

PROPERTY SKYDROL 5 TEST METHOD

Flash Point 318F/159C ASTM D-92

Fire Point 362F/183C ASTM D-92

AIT 870F/466C ASTM D-2155

Hot Manifold Ignition Burns on tube, does not burn on shield (pass) BMS 3-11

Spray Ignition No increase DMS 2014

Wick Cycling Ignition 26+ cycles BMS 3-11

High Temperature/High Pressure Spray Test Will not ignite BMS 3-11

* See Solutia Publication 7249118, Skydrol Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluid, for a description of these tests.

F I G U R E 7 : T Y P I C A L F I R E R E S I S T A N C E P R O P E R T I E S


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I N H A L AT I O N O F S K Y D R O L 5 F L U I D

When mist or vapor is possiblebecause of high pressure leaks, or any leak hitting a hot surface, a respirator capable of removingorganic vapors and mists shouldbe worn.

Upper respiratory tract irritation,including nose and throat irritationand tracheitis and/or bronchitis,may occur from inhalation of a Skydrol 5 mist. People with asthma may demonstrate a moremarked reaction.

I N G E S T I O N O F S K Y D R O L 5 F L U I D

Ingestion of small amounts ofSkydrol 5 fluid does not appear to be highly hazardous. Shouldingestion of a full swallow ormore occur, we suggest the immediate ingestion of a large volume of milk or water, followedwith hospital-supervised stomachtreatment, including several rinsesof saline solution and milk.

S K I N P R O T E C T I O N

To avoid skin exposure, a worker should wear gloves. Some manufacturers claimNitrile gloves are suitable for this purpose. Nylon latex and polyethylene throw-awaysare also acceptable.

Solutia does not recommend theuse of protective barrier creams as they do not provide completeprotection.

P R O P E R F I R S T A I D T R E AT M E N T

F O R E Y E E X P O S U R E

Where splashing or spraying ispossible, chemical-type gogglesshould be worn.

Eye contact with Skydrol 5 is likely to cause severe eye pain.First aid should consist of washing the fluid from the eye with potable tap water or a standard eye irrigation fluid(such as dacriose solution).Copious flushing is advisable.

After flushing, add sterile mineraloil or castor oil which is approvedfor ophthalmic treatment to aid in relieving the pain. Additionaltreatment, if needed, should beadministered under the supervisionof a physician.

I M P R O V E D T O X I C I T Y

All available Type IV hydraulic fluids contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate.Exposure to high levels of Tri-Butyl Phosphate may have the potential for long-term health effects. The base stock for Skydrol 5 is Tri-isoButylPhosphate. Skydrol 5 does notcontain Tri-Butyl Phosphate.

P R O D U C T S A F E T Y

Skydrol 5 is a phosphate ester-basedfluid blended with performanceadditives. Phosphate esters aregood solvents and, as such, willdissolve away some of the fattymaterials of the skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure may causedrying of the skin which, if unattended, could result in complications such as dermatitisor even secondary infection from bacteria.

Skydrol 5 does not contain Tri-Butyl Phosphate which hasbeen shown to cause urinary bladder damage in laboratory animals at high dosages.

Refer to the MSDS for toxicity data and product safety information.

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Personal Safety


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Wipe up excess Skydrol 5 fluidusing disposable toweling.

Spread an approved oil absorption floor sweep andallow sufficient time to soak up the fluid before sweeping.

Wipe the floor with an approvedsolvent followed by a soapysolution and clear water rinse.

Dispose of the towels, floorsweep compound and solventsby approved disposal methods.

Aircraft tires should be cleaned of any Skydrol spillage with soap and wateronly per the manufacturers recommendations.

C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S

Components containing Skydrol 5 can be cleaned withnon-halogenated cleaning solvents.These cleaning solvents, whichshould be used in the cleaning ofall critical hydraulic components,do not contain chlorine, a serioushydraulic fluid contaminant.

Although noncritical hydrauliccomponents can be cleaned withhalogenated solvents, the use of such solvents is discouraged due to waste disposal problemsand the possibility of hydraulicsystem contamination.

SkyKleen Aviation Solvent hasbeen thoroughly tested up to contamination levels of 1,000 ppm,and found to be safe for usearound hydraulic systems.

N O N - H A L O G E N AT E D

C L E A N I N G S O LV E N T S

SkyKleenTM Aviation Solvent by Solutia

NTA-L (NSN 6850-00-264-9039)PD-680Stoddard Solvent (85% nonane/

15% trimethylbenzene)Odorless Mineral SpiritsWhite SpiritsMethylethyl Ketone (MEK)Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)

Cleaning Skydrol 5 Fluid Spills

Notice: Although the information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter Information) are presented in good faithand believed to be correct as of the date hereof, Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranties as to the completeness oraccuracy thereof. Information is supplied upon the condition that the persons receiving same will make their own determinationas to its suitability for their purposes prior to use. In no event will Solutia Inc. be responsible for damages of any nature whatsoeverresulting from the use of or reliance upon Information or the product to which Information refers. Nothing contained herein is to be construed as a recommendation to use any product, process, equipment or formulation in conflict with any patent, and Solutia Inc. makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, that the use thereof will not infringe any patent. NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR

OF ANY OTHER NATURE ARE MADE HEREUNDER WITH RESPECT TO INFORMATION OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH INFORMATION REFERS.

SKYDROL5


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SALES SUPPORTCENTERS

ASIASingaporeSolutia Singapore Pte. Ltd.101 Thomson Road#19-01/02 United SquareSingapore 307591Tel: 65-355-7239Fax: 65-254-3138

EUROPEBelgiumSolutia Europe N.V./S.A.Rue Laid Burniat, 3Parc Scientifique - FlemingB-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Sud)BelgiumTel: 32.10.48.12.11Fax: 32.10.48.12.12

LATIN AMERICABrazilSolutia Brazil Ltda.Rua Gomes de Carvalho1306 - 60. Andar 04547-005Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilTel: 55-11-5087-3000Fax: 55-11-5087-3030

UNITED STATESSt. LouisP. O. Box 66760St. Louis, Missouri 63166-6760Tel: 314-674-1000Fax: 314-674-7433

OTHER SALES OFFICESArgentinaSolutia Argentina S.R.L.Alicia Moreau de Justo 1050, 3rd Fl.1107 Puerto MaderoBuenos Aires, ArgentinaTel: 54-1-331-4077Fax: 54-1-331-7481

AustraliaSolutia Australia Pty. Ltd.Level 1, 437 Canterbury RoadSurrey Hills, Victoria 3127AustraliaTel: 61-3-9888-4589Fax: 61-3-9888-4562

China/PRCSolutia Hong Kong Ltd.Shanghai Rep. OfficeUnit 18-06/07Harbour Ring Plaza18 Xi Zang Zhong RoadShanghai, PRC 200001Tel: 86-21-6386-7500Fax: 86-21-6385-1882

ColombiaSolutia Colombia Ltda.Carrera 7 No. 71-21Torre B, ofc.: 906Santa Fe de Bogota, DC ColombiaTel: 571-317-48-20Fax: 571-317-48-20

IndiaSolutia Chemicals India Private Limited205-207, 'Midas'Sahar Plaza ComplexAndheri-Kurla RoadAndheri (E)Mumbai 400 059 IndiaTel: 91 22 8302862/64Fax: 91 22 8310059

JapanSolutia Japan Ltd.Shinkawa Sanko BuildingSecond Floor1-13-17, Shinkawa, Chuo-kuTokyo 104-0033, JapanTel: (03) 3523 2080Fax: (03) 3523 2070

KoreaSolutia Korea Ltd.3rd Floor, Anglican Church Building3-7, Jeong-dong, Joong-gu,Seoul 100-120, KoreaTel: 82-2-736-7112Fax: 82-2-739-5049

MalaysiaSolutia Hong Kong Ltd.Malaysia Branch12th Floor (1309-B)Kelana Parkview TowerNo. 1 Jalan SS 6/2Kelana Jaya47301 Petaling JayaSelangor, MalaysiaTel: 60-3-704-0279Fax: 60-3-704-4067

MexicoSolutia Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V.Edificio Torre EsmeraldaBlvd. Manuel Avila Camacho No. 40Piso 12 Colonia Lomas de Chapultepec 11000 Mexico, D.F.Tel: 525-202-5600Fax: 525-202-0979

TaiwanSolutia Taiwan Inc.2F, 124 Chung Cheng RoadShin Lin District, TaipeiTaiwan, R.O.C.Tel: 886-2-2835-1666Fax: 886-2-8866-2703

ThailandSolutia Thailand Ltd.19th Floor, SCB Park Plaza19 Ratchadapisek RoadLaadyao, ChatuchakBangkok, Thailand 10900Tel: 66-2-937-8860Fax: 66-2-937-8865

United States1800 West Loop SouthSuite 1360Houston, Texas 77027Tel: 713-850-0088Fax: 713-850-0096

VenezuelaSolutia Venezuela SRLAvenida Francisco de MirandaEdificio Parque CristalTorre Oeste, Piso 13 Ofc 13-4Los Palos GrandesCaracas 1062, VenezuelaTel: 582-285-50-37Fax: 582-285-71-13

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCEPlease call our TechnicalService Hotline toll-free at 1-800-260-4150

ORDER ASSISTANCEPlease call our CustomerService Department toll-free at 1-800-325-4330

P.O. Box 66760St. Louis, MO 63166-6760www.solutia.com

Solutia Inc. 2006 Registered trademark of Solutia Inc.

Visit our web site: www.skydrol.com

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Skydrol 5