S.K.Saraswati, Technical Officer ICAO Regional Office, Bangkok

SIP WORKSHOP ON ‘THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PERFORMANCE FRAMEWORK TO ACHIEVE A GLOBAL ATM SYSTEM’

REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE – ASIA/PAC REGIONAL AIR NAVIGATION PLANREGIONAL PERSPECTIVE – ASIA/PAC REGIONAL AIR NAVIGATION PLAN

S.K.Saraswati, Technical OfficerS.K.Saraswati, Technical Officer ICAO Regional Office, BangkokICAO Regional Office, Bangkok

Regional PerspectiveRegional Perspective

~Asia/Pacific Regional Plan~~Asia/Pacific Regional Plan~

SIP/2011-WP/6SIP/2011-WP/6Performance Performance FrameworkFramework

Workshop on development of Workshop on development of

National Performance Framework for Air Navigation SystemsNational Performance Framework for Air Navigation Systems

(Nadi, Fiji, 28 March-1 April 2011(Nadi, Fiji, 28 March-1 April 2011))



PRESENTATION STRUCTUREPRESENTATION STRUCTURE

1. ICAO Asia and Pacific Regions, an Introduction

2. Asia and Pacific Air Navigation Plan (Doc 9673) – General introduction

3. Aerodrome Operations Planning

4. Air Traffic Management

5. Communication, Navigation & Surveillance

6. Meteorology

7. Aeronautical Information Services & Aeronautical Maps/charts

8. Conclusion

ASIA AND PACIFIC REGIONSASIA AND PACIFIC REGIONS

AIR NAVIGATION PLANAIR NAVIGATION PLAN(Doc 9673)(Doc 9673)

INTRODUCTION



REGIONAL AIR NAVIGATION PLANREGIONAL AIR NAVIGATION PLAN

Basic step in regional planning process

Detailed statement of facilities and services to meet the needs of international civil aviation in the region

Regional Air Navigation Plan formulated by Regional Air Navigation (RAN) meeting

Reviewed and updated by APANPIRG

Plan to be approved by the Council of ICAO



ASIA ASIA ANDAND PACIFIC REGIONS PACIFIC REGIONSAIR NAVIGATION PLAN (Doc 9673)AIR NAVIGATION PLAN (Doc 9673)

Published in two volumesBasic ANP containing information onBasic ANP containing information on

The geographical area, BORPC, implementation guidance etc.

Facilities and Services Implementation Document (FASID) containing Facilities and Services Implementation Document (FASID) containing information oninformation on

Dynamic material on facilities and services, Technical specifications Dynamic material on facilities and services, Technical specifications etc.etc.

Amendment ProceduresBasic ANP:Basic ANP: State/Group of States/International Orgn. State/Group of States/International Orgn. Regional Office Regional Office ICAO Sec. Gen. ICAO Sec. Gen.

Approval by President on behalf of ICAO CouncilApproval by President on behalf of ICAO Council FASIDFASID: : circulated by Regional Offices circulated by Regional Offices No objection recd from States No objection recd from States incorporated incorporated

in FASIDin FASID. . Any disagreement, referred to ANC (if required after PIRG has reviewed it)Any disagreement, referred to ANC (if required after PIRG has reviewed it)



PLAN OBJECTIVESPLAN OBJECTIVESTwo main objectives of the ANP

a) provide guidelines for transition from ground based systems to satellite based systems

b) to function as a benchmark for evaluation of implementation progress

Human Factor issues

Training Arrangements

Emphasis on homogeneous areas/major traffic flows

Partnership in implementation



BASIC OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS BASIC OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND PLANNING CRITERIA (BORPC)AND PLANNING CRITERIA (BORPC)

1. Plan should:1. meet requirement of domestic/international/military traffic2. ensure compatibility of facilities, services and procedures with adjacent areas3. provide for speedy exchange of information between navigation units4. take account of aircraft performance and navigation capability

2. Promote cost-effectiveness

3. Address existing and anticipated operations.

4. Expedite eradication of deficiencies in air navigation facilities/services.

5. Should not impose workload impairing safety/efficiency

6. Should also address efficiency and economy of operation.



GENERAL PLANNING ASPECTSGENERAL PLANNING ASPECTSAsia/Pacific Air Traffic Forecasting Group (APA TFG) forecasts used

Regional Implementation Concept linked to ATM improvements/CNS requirements.

Basic planning parameters are number of aircraft movement both annual and peak hour.

States expected to commit initial financing

Accommodation of retention of the transition systems

Plan Output - list of air navigation facilities and services and their achievable timeframe.

Top down approach comprising of global guidance converging with bottom up approach constituting State/aircraft operator proposals for implementation options.

Regional partners to work harmoniously within APANPIRG mechanism



GENERAL – FASID PART IIGENERAL – FASID PART II Current edition based on AP ATFG/8 (May 1999) traffic data

Multinational facility/service to serve international air navigation beyond single State airspace

APANPIRG, if in agreement through the ICAO offices in Cairo, Dakar, Nairobi, Paris Consult States connected with multinational facility/service & user StatesConsult States connected with multinational facility/service & user States Re-evaluate the proposal in light of the comments, if receivedRe-evaluate the proposal in light of the comments, if received

Cost for multinational facility/service be shared between States. Treaty/agreement.

Nine homogeneous areas and major traffic flows identified



MAJOR TRAFFIC FLOWSMAJOR TRAFFIC FLOWS

AR-7

AR-8

AR-1

AR-6

AR-5

AR-3

AR-4

AR-2AR-9



AERODROME OPERATIONS PLANNING (AOP)



AERODROME OPERATIONAL PLANNINGAERODROME OPERATIONAL PLANNING

1. Regular and Alternate Aerodromes based on needs identified by users

2. Physical Characteristics, visual aids, emergency services, runway length and strength, aerodrome reference code etc. to be determined for each regular and alternate aerodrome

3. Planning provision of CAT II/III ground/air environment where contemplated

4. States to certify their aerodromes – Annex 14, Volume 1 requirements

6. Basic aviation law empowering suitable regulatory agency for certification



AOP – FASID (PART – III)AOP – FASID (PART – III) Document contains details of the facilities/services to be

provided to fulfill basic requirements of the plan.

FASID Table AOP 1: Shows requirements of physical characteristics, radio and visual aids as well as other facilities/services provided at each aerodrome included in the Basic ANP. The information provided includes Runway Surface Condition, Aerodrome Emergency Planning etc. also.

FASID Chart AOP 1: Provides index of the international aerodromes/alternates in the region, which have been included in the Basic ANP. The chart gives an indication of the physical location of the aerodrome and the States accredited to the Asia and Pacific Region



COMMUNICATION, NAVIGATION & SURVEILLANCE(CNS)



COMMUNICATIONSCOMMUNICATIONSAERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE

AFS to meet AIS, ATS, MET, SAR & aircraft operators’ all comm. requirements

AFTN based on Doc 8259. AFTN over public internet cost effective medium.

Planning ATS ground-ground network to include voice communication requirements

‘Strategy for Implementation updated - APANPIRG/17 (2006)’. Interface for AFTN.

ATN transition expected to be implemented in three phases: Phase 1.Phase 1. Upgrade existing AFTN circuit where necessary Upgrade existing AFTN circuit where necessary Phase 2.Phase 2. Implement regional ATN Backbone BIS (by 2011) Implement regional ATN Backbone BIS (by 2011) Phase 3.Phase 3. Implement supporting ATN BIS Implement supporting ATN BIS

Implement ATN application AIDC to enable exchange of ATS messages

Complete implementation of dual stack ATN by 2011 (APANPIRG Conclusion 19/20) for BBIS hubs



CNS – FASID PART IVCNS – FASID PART IVAERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE (AFS)AERONAUTICAL FIXED SERVICE (AFS)

FASID Table/Chart Description

Table CNS - 1A Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN) plan

Chart CNS – 1A Rationalized aeronautical fixed telecommunication (AFTN) plan

Table CNS – 1B Aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN) router plan

Chart CNS – 1B Aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN) router plan

Table CNS – 1C ATS message handling services (AMHS) routing plan

Chart CNS – 1C ATS message handling services (AMHS) routing plan-to be developed

Table CNS – 1D ATS direct speech circuits plan

Chart CNS – 1D ATS direct speech circuits plan

Table CNS – 1E ATS inter-facility data communication (AIDC) routing plan

1. ICDs to ensure standardization of protocols for AFTN, AMHS, AIDC, Router and DSC.

2. APANPIRG/19 urges BBIS States - complete implementation dual stack ATN by 2011.



AMS – FASID PART IVAMS – FASID PART IVFASID

TABLE/CHARTDESCRIPTION

Table CNS - 2 1. AMS and AMSS 2.Frequency designators for HF allocated to the AM(R)S, 3.HF radio telephony network, MWARA & VOLMET

Chart CNS - 2 HF en-route radio telephony networks

ICAO Asia and Pacific Office maintains frequency selection and coordination

Strategy for provision of AMS in APAC updated by APANPIRG/18 Sept 2007 VHF channel separation of 25 KHz to continue VHF voice backed by CPDLC and HF for transcontinental traffic combination of CPDLC and HF voice for oceanic traffic voice communication supplemented by DFIS (DVOLMET, DATIS and

PDC) to be used to reduce pressure on VHF spectrum congestion Frequency band 136 – 137 MHz exclusively for air-ground VHF data-link

Air-to-Air channel (123.450 MHz) to be used over remote oceanic area when contact with ground on VHF is not feasible



NAVIGATIONNAVIGATIONEN-ROUTE AND TERMINAL AREA RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS Expected GNSS will meet all requirements of en-route navigation. Pending transition

to GNSS, VOR supplemented by DME to be used.

GNSS expected to meet Terminal area requirement to support approach, holding & departure . Basic GNSS & SBAS as initial transition step. Where possible VOR to serve both terminal & en-route. NDB can be used for holding.

Consideration to be given to the provision of suitably located DMEs in support of RNAV procedures based on DME/DME

Consideration to be given to approach with vertical guidance

Non-precision approaches to support SIDs & STARs and to eliminate stepped approach. Should provide 3o approach. RNAV procedures based on terminal area aids (VOR/DME, DME/DME) or GNSS (Basic GNSS, SBAS or GBAS)



NAVIGATION – FASID & STRATEGYNAVIGATION – FASID & STRATEGYFASID TABLE CNS - 3

FASID Table CNS 3 for ground & satellite based navigation aids

Flight inspection capability available in regional Catalogue of Flight Inspection Units

NAVIGATION STRATEGY FOR ASIA/PACIFIC REGION Transition to PBN operations: RNP10/RNP4 for oceanic & remote, RNAV5/RNAV2 for

continental en-route, RNAV1/RNAV2 and Basic RNP1 based arrival/departures, APV (including Baro-VNAV), PA for selected runways.

Retain ILS for as long as it is operationally/economically acceptable

Implement GNSS augmentation for APV and PA where operationally required and economically beneficial

Protect all Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services (ARNS) frequencies



SURVEILLANCE – FASID & STRATEGYSURVEILLANCE – FASID & STRATEGY FASID Tables CNS4A contains information on surveillance systems and CNS

4B contains information on the ATS automation systems in the region.

SURVEILLANCE STRATEGY FOR ASIA/PACIFIC REGION

Minimize reliance on position reporting, particularly voice reporting & Primary Radar

Maximize contiguous coverage and use of ADS-B on major routes/terminal areas

Make full use of SSR Mode ‘S’ capabilities, reduce reliance on 4 digit octal code

Make use of ADS-C when ADS-B, SSR or multilateration not supported

Multilateration for surface, terminal & area surveillance

Improve safety through sharing ATS surveillance data across FIR boundaries

Communication, navigation & data management to support surveillance

Safety through aircraft-derived data like flight identification, trajectories and intentions



AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT



AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENTAIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENTObjectiveObjective‘ATM should enable aircraft operators to meet their planned times of

departure and arrival and adhere to their preferred flight profiles with minimum constraints without compromising agreed levels of safety.’

1. Permanent segregation (between civil & military) of airspace to be avoided.

2. Introduction of CNS/ATM for more efficiency and reduction of FIR numbers

3. States to implement Repetitive Flight Plan, where beneficial

4. ATS Systems & Procedures should enable:

a) most efficient use of airspace, enable min air-ground comm freq & SSR code change

c) timely transmission of MET, hazardous, operational flight information

d) use of uniform altimeter setting procedures

e) common transition altitude on area/region basis



AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT (Contd.)AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT (Contd.)

5. Annex 11, 2.26 requires States to implement safety management programmes. Requisites for regulatory arrangements to monitor safety management are:

1.1. Provision in basic aviation law, code of air navigation regulations & Provision in basic aviation law, code of air navigation regulations & promulgationpromulgation

2.2. Establishment of State body with powers to ensure compliance with Establishment of State body with powers to ensure compliance with regulationsregulations

6. Single SAR point of contact for each SRR

7. Lateral limits for ATS routes based on the following planning principles Routes defined by VOR will assume accuracy of +/- 5 degreeRoutes defined by VOR will assume accuracy of +/- 5 degree Routes defined by NDB will assume accuracy of +/- 7 degreeRoutes defined by NDB will assume accuracy of +/- 7 degree Will also depend upon the flight calibration observationsWill also depend upon the flight calibration observations Overall width of airway defined by navigation aid not less than 4NM on either Overall width of airway defined by navigation aid not less than 4NM on either

side up to 20,000ft and 5NM on either side above 20,000ftside up to 20,000ft and 5NM on either side above 20,000ft Width of an airway not defined by ground based navigation aid < 50NM on Width of an airway not defined by ground based navigation aid < 50NM on

either side of track.either side of track.



ATS ROUTESATS ROUTES

Detailed in BASIC ANP (Doc 9673, Volume I), hence amendments require

authorization by President on behalf of Council.

Table ATS 1 records basic description of each route, including route

name (designator) and significant points defining each route

Schematic presentation of ATS routes shown in Charts ATS 3A, 3B, 3C

and 3D

Asia/Pacific Route Catalogue developed as tool to assist APAC route

implementation management. Route Catalogue does NOT replace

BANP amendment and Council approval process.



ATM – FASID Part VATM – FASID Part VFollowing Table/Charts have been created:

Table/Chart Description

Table ATS 2 HF radiotelephony VOLMET broadcast (planned to be transferred to MET)

Table ATS 3 SSR code allotment table

Chart ATS 4 HF VOLMET broadcast

In addition, following guidance materials developed at regional levelOn CNS/ATM operations in the Asia/Pacific region (ASIA/PAC Doc 001/1)On AIDC ICD in the Asia/Pacific region (ASIA/PAC Doc 002/1)On implementation of 300m vertical separation (ASIA/PAC Doc 003/1)For air route planners in Asia/Pacific region (ASIA/PAC Doc 004/1) under development

ATS route network and MET reporting points (ASIA/PAC Doc 006/1)Asia/Pacific regional plan for new CNS/ATM systems (ASIA/PAC Doc 007/4)

(since discontinued)

Guidelines developed for deployment of Automated SSR Data Processing.



SEARCH AND RESCUESEARCH AND RESCUE

States to take action to reduce number of false alarms on 121.5/243 MHz

Encourage early introduction of ELT on 406 MHz & establish a register of ELTs

Provide information on how ELT registration information can be obtained

Provide to ICAO, a SAR point of contact (SPOC) for inclusion in Table SAR1.

States to be encouraged to: Arrange high quality SAR training for personnelArrange high quality SAR training for personnel Grant scholarship to SAR personnel for trainingGrant scholarship to SAR personnel for training Make use of ICAO TRAINAIR course development methodologyMake use of ICAO TRAINAIR course development methodology



METEOROLOGY



METEOROLGYMETEOROLGY WAFS and SIGWX forecasts (FL 100 – 250)

TAF for data link-VOLMET or VOLMET. 30 hour TAF for long haul flights

Meteorological observations hourly, to be half hourly where variability of meteorological conditions and traffic volume justifies.

For international air routes with high traffic density, air reporting exemption procedures.

Planning for regional aspects of International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW) and designation of Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAACs).

Planning for tropical cyclone watch and designation of Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers (TCAC)



MET – PLANNING PRINCIPLESMET – PLANNING PRINCIPLES

In order to assist MWOs for SIGMET messages for tropical cyclones, TCACs Darwin, Honolulu, Miami, Nadi, New Delhi, Réunion and Tokyo designated to provide advisory.

To assist MWOs in preparation of SIGMET message for volcanic ash, VAACs Anchorage, Darwin, Tokyo, Washington and Wellington designated to provide advisory.

Regional OPMET Bulletin Exchange (ROBEX) scheme for the collection/dissemination of MET data, gets its support from OPMET data banks at Bangkok, Brisbane, Nadi, Singapore and Tokyo.



METEOROLOGY (MET) – FASID (Part VI)METEOROLOGY (MET) – FASID (Part VI)Tables/Charts Description

Table MET 1A Meteorological service required at aerodromes

Chart MET 1 Chart showing areas indicated by letters in Column 7 of Table MET 1A (no longer referred)

Table MET 1B Meteorological watch offices

Table MET 2A Exchange of operational Meteorological information

Table MET 2B Exchange of SIGMET messages

Table MET 3A Typical cyclone advisory center

Table MET 3B Volcanic ash advisory centers

Table MET 3C Selected State Volcano Observatories

Chart MET 2 ICAO tropical cyclone advisory centers–areas of responsibility

Chart MET 3 ICAO Volcanic ash advisory centers – areas of responsibility

Table MET 4A ROBEX scheme – collection areas for aerodrome forecasts

Table MET 4B Regional OPMET ROBEX – collection area for routine and air reports

Table MET 4C OPMET data banks to support ROBEX scheme

Table MET 5 Requirements of WAFS products

Table MET 6 Responsibilities of the world area forecast centers

Chart MET 4 WAFS maximum area of coverage – Mercator Projection

Chart MET 5 WAFS maximum area of coverage – Polar stereographic projection (North)

Chart MET 6 WAFS maximum area of coverage – Polar stereographic projection (South)

Table MET 7 Implementation of ISCS/2 and SADIS in the Asia/Pacific Regions



AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES(AIS)



AIS/MAP – PLANNING PRINCIPLESAIS/MAP – PLANNING PRINCIPLES Quality assurance in terms of accuracy, resolution & integrity.

Requirements:

Real-time provision of quality assured electronic information/dataReal-time provision of quality assured electronic information/data

Modern communication means including data-link Modern communication means including data-link

Harmonization of AIS and MET information/data Harmonization of AIS and MET information/data

States to implement AIRAC system in accordance with Annex 15.

To ensure aeronautical information reaches users in 28 days in advance:

information/data hardcopy distributed 56 days/electronic format 35 days in advanceinformation/data hardcopy distributed 56 days/electronic format 35 days in advance

States to complete implementation of WGS-84 after validation of information

Integrated Automated AIS System for the region

NOTAM offices based on max efficiency in dissemination/exchange of

information/data



AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES & CHARTS – FASID (Part VIII)SERVICES & CHARTS – FASID (Part VIII)

Tables/Charts Description

Table AIS 1 Establishment of aerodrome AIS units (to be developed)

Table AIS 2 AIS required at aerodromes (to be developed)

Table AIS 3 Designated international NOTAM offices (NOF) in APAC Region

Chart AIS 1 International NOTAM offices and areas of responsibility

Table AIS 4 Availability of aeronautical information (to be developed)

Table AIS 5 WGS-84 requirement (to be developed)

Table AIS 7 Responsibility for World Aeronautical Chart ICAO 1:1 000 000

Chart AIS 2 Responsibility for World Aeronautical Chart ICAO 1:1 000 000

Table AIS 8 Requirements of Integrated Aeronautical Information Package



SHORT/MEDIUM TERM PROJECTSSHORT/MEDIUM TERM PROJECTSAerodrome Operations Annex 14 requirements (OLS, frangibility, RESA, markings, signage, lighting) Rescue/fire fighting–personnel, equipment, training, vehicle, quantities/discharge rate Runway surface friction Annex 14 – requirement of aerodrome certification Establishment/testing of Aerodrome Emergency Plan, Airport Maintenance Manual Establishment of Wildlife Control Units Communication, Navigation and Surveillance ATN implementation in BBIS hubs – 2011 AIDC between major ATC Centers – 2015 RNP 4 for Oceanic/Remote continental, RNP 2/5 Continental en-route, RNAV 1 for

TMA Arr./Dep; RNP APCH (Baro-VNAV) - 2012 onwards RNP 2 for Oceanic & Remote Continental, RNAV1, RNP 2 for Continental en-route,

RNAV1/RNP1 for TMA Arr./Dep. - 2016 ADS-B Australia – Singapore en-route service with data sharing – phase 1a 2010; 1b

in 2012 ADS-B Singapore – Hong Kong China South China Sea ATS routes –Operational

Trial in 2011 - Priority for equipped a/c in 2012 – ADS-B implementation in 2014



SHORT/MEDIUM TERM PROJECTSSHORT/MEDIUM TERM PROJECTS

Air Traffic Management RVSM implementation in Pyongyang and Ulaanbaatar FIRs RNP 4 implementation in South China area Data link service in Manila FIR Reduction of longitudinal separation based on RNP 10 in Bay of Bengal area

Meteorology Gridded forecasts for CB, icing, and turbulence QMS requirements for MET service Migration from alpha-numeric codes to XML Service Consolidation (limited number of regional/global MET Centers)

Aeronautical Information Management Regional transition from AIS to AIM Transition to the new flight plan format in 2012



CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONAsia and Pacific Regional Planning

Uses Asia and Pacific Regions Air Navigation Plan (Doc 9673) Volumes I (BANP) and Volume II (FASID) as PRIMARY REFERENCE

Based on Global Air Navigation Plan (Doc 9750)

Also caters to the unique operational environment in the region

Is monitored by APANPIRG

Is kept updated to incorporate changing requirement & status

Serves as a monitoring tool for the implementation process in the region

Aimed at homogenous development of the regional airspace

Documents

S.K.Saraswati, Technical Officer ICAO Regional Office, Bangkok