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Site, Situation and Push/Pull . SOL 11a,b,c. Push and Pull Factors. What is a push factor? Anything that makes people leave an area What is a pull factor? Anything that brings people to an area. Location of Cities. Site. Situation. Site is the actual location of a city (Where is it?). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SOL 11a,b,c
Site, Situation and Push/Pull
Push and Pull FactorsWhat is a push factor?
Anything that makes people leave an areaWhat is a pull factor?
Anything that brings people to an area.
SiteSite is the actual
location of a city(Where is it?)
Situation is another name for relative location – the location of a city with respect to other geographic features, regions, resources, and transport routes(What is it near?)(How close is it to…?)
Location of CitiesSituation
Examples of SiteHarbor sites: New
York City; Alexandria, Egypt; Istanbul, Turkey
Island sites: Paris (located on island in the Seine River), Hong Kong, Singapore
Oasis sites: Damascus, Syria
Confluence sites: Khartoum, Sudan; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Hilltop sites: Rome, Athens, Jerusalem
Sites where rivers narrow: London (Thames River) and Quebec (St. Lawrence River)
Islands
Harbor Sites
Religious Site
Examples of SituationBaghdad – Command
of land between Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Istanbul – Command of straits and land bridge to Europe
Mecca, Saudi Arabia and Varanasi, India – Focal point of pilgrimage
Xi’an, China – City on Silk Road
Timbuktu, Mali – City on Trans-Sahara trade route
Singapore – City on Strait of Malacca (maritime trade route)
Examples of SituationCape Town, South
Africa – Supply station for ships
Omaha, Nebraska – City that grew up on U.S. Transcontinental Railroad
Sacramento, California – City that grew up on U.S. Transcontinental Railroad
Novosibirsk and Vladivostock – Cities that grew up on the Trans-Siberian Railroad
Command of Land
Railroads
Trade Routes
Functions of CitiesSecurity, defenseReligious centersTrade centers (local
and long distance)Government
administrationManufacturing
centersService centers
How Functions ChangeRio de Janeiro –
Move of Brazil’s capital city from Rio de Janeiro to Brasilia
Pittsburgh – Early function connected to defense, then became steel manufacturing center, later shifted to diverse services
New York City – Changes in trade patterns, trade from Great Lakes via Eerie Canal, worldwide trade and financial center
Mining Towns – “ghost” towns – resource depletion
Brasilia
How Functions Change
Influence of Urban AreasNation Building –
monumentsTransportation/
Communication Hubs
Magnets for Migration
Seed beds for new ideas and technology
Universities
Corporate Headquarters
Media Centers
ProblemsTransportation
problems Rich and poor
neighborhoods exist in different areas isolated from one another
Providing essential services (fresh water, sewage disposal, electricity, schools)
Air, water, and noise pollution
Sprawl results in conversion of agricultural land to urban uses
Rapid immigration results in “shantytowns”
In developing countries, major cities are more connected to regions outside the country than to regions within the country
Shantytowns