Simply English GRAMMAR - saraswatihouse.com

Terry O’Brien

Answer KeyGRAMMAR

English

7

SimplyGRAMMAR

(An imprint of New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.)New Delhi-110002 (INDIA)

(An imprint of New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.)

R

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First published 2016Reprinted 2017

ISBN: 978-93-5199-742-9

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)

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1. Articles 1

2. CountableandUncountableNouns 3

3. Adjectives 4

4. RelativePronouns 6

Simply Quizzing-1 8

5. Modals 9

6. Prepositions 10

7. Conjunctions 11

8. Adverbs 12

9. Subject-VerbAgreement 14

Simply Quizzing-2 15

10. Sentences 17

11. Infinitives 18

12. Participles 19

13. Gerunds 21

14. Tenses 22


15. ‘If’Clause 25

16. ActiveandPassiveVoice 26

17. DirectandIndirectSpeech 28

18. Punctuation 29


Contents

19. WordBank 33

21. Comprehension 34

Phonics 35

Worksheet-1 39

Worksheet-2 41

Worksheet-3 43

Worksheet-4 46

Worksheet-5 48

Worksheet-6 50

Worksheet-7 52

Worksheet-8 54

Worksheet-9 56

Worksheet-10 58

Worksheet-11 60

Worksheet-12 62

Worksheet-13 65

Worksheet-14 67

Worksheet-15 69

Worksheet-16 71

Worksheet-17 74

Worksheet-18 77

19. Comprehension 78

20. Writing 83

AnswerKey 89

1

1. Articles

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. the b.a c. A d.the;a;an e. The

SIMPLY PRACTISE

1. Definite article No definite article

elite Tuesdayschoolstaffroom seconddeer Rohit’ssmallest riceThames poorBible air(ingeneral)Earthair(insidetheroom)

2. a. Didyoubringtheumbrella? b. Areyoulookingforabook? c. Icheckedtheinboxagain. d. CanIhavetheparcel,please? e. Arvindwasbornintoarichfamily. f. Kapilwillcomebackinanhour. g. HaveyoubeentotheTwinPetronasTowersinMalaysia? h. ThePresidentwouldlovetotalktooneofthefarmers. i. IhadanamazingtimeinLadakh. j. Thehelicopterlandedontheroofofthebuilding.

2

3. a. stamps b.theAlps c. theprimeminister d.thefish e. animals f.thecinema g. money h.thePacificOcean i. water j.trafficrules

4. a. What’sonatthecinemathisweek? b. Whoisthemostfamousswimmingchampionintheworld? c. ‘Jagat!Yourfriendisonthephone!Comefast.’ d. TheEverestisintheHimalayas. e. NewYorkisintheUSA f. Everybodyneedsloveandcare. g. Iwanttositnearthebeachandwatchthesunriseup. h. Couldyoutakethetrashout,please? i. ‘Ramanisanassettohisorganisation,’sayshisboss. j. Youneedtovisitthechildren’smuseumandseethenewinstallations.

SIMPLY DO IT Free response.

3

2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. U b.C c. U d.C e. C f.U

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. any b.much c. any d.some e. any f.some g. much h.many i. Many j.any

2. a. alotof b.afew c. any d.much e. alotof f.many;some g. any h.any i. is;any j.many

3. a. alittle b.afew c. little d.some e. afew f.little g. alittle h.some i. afew j.little

4. Free response.


4

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. cleverer;cleverest b. easier;easiest c. thinner;thinnest d. less;least e. bolder;boldest f. moreeager;mosteager g. moreproper;mostproper h. moreuseless;mostuseless i. moreuseful;mostuseful j. moreprominent;mostprominent

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. adjective:which type:interrogativeadjective

b. adjective:several type:adjectiveofnumber

c. adjective:second type:adjectiveofnumber

d. adjective:seven type:adjectiveofnumber

e. adjective:large type:adjectiveofquantity

f. adjective:those type:demonstrativeadjective

g. adjective:sparkling type:adjectiveofquality

h. adjective:dog’s type:possessiveadjective

3. Adjectives

5

i. adjectives:Indian;Chinese;Italian type:adjectiveofquality

j. adjective:those type:demonstrativeadjective

2. Free response.

3. a. kinder;kindest b. nobler;noblest c. merrier;merriest d. moresplendid;mostsplendid e. better;best f. worse;worst g. farther;farthest h. later;latest i. outer;outmost

4. Free response.


6

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF Free response.

SIMPLY PRACTISE

1. a. ThemagazinethatIgotfromthelibraryisduedayafter.

b. Myteacher,whomIrespect,congratulatedmeonscoringwellintheexams.

c. Iamalwaysangrywithpeoplewhotalkonthephonewhiledriving.

d. ThesupermarketnolongersellsthebrandthatIwant.

e. Wewalkedpastthecemeteryinwhichmygrandfatherwasburied.

f. Themanwithwhomyouspokeismymanager.

g. Thatismyneighbourwhometwithaaccident.

h. Thechef,whoseturkeyroastburned,wasverysad.

i. Myshortstory,whichwaspublishedlastyear,wasaboutamysterycastle.

j. Icannotbelievethatmyfriendliedtomeallthroughout.

2. a. Thehittrackwhosecomposerdiedrecentlyhaswonmanyawards.

b. Theflightthatwasscheduledfordeparturehasbeendelayed.

c. Theoldauntwholivesnearbyneedsanurseathome.

d. Thedancerwhowasveryenthusiasticwonthecompetition.

e. Thecarelesssailorwhosteeredthewheeldrownedinajiffy.

f. Charityshowswhichhappenregularlyaregreatwaystocollectmoney.

g. Beeswhichbuildbeautifulhivesmakeabuzzingsoundallnight.

h. Thebusthattakesmetoschooleverydayisyellowincolourandnew.

i. Themachinewhichhasahugelevercouldnotworkduetopowerfailure.

j. Myinstructor,whoselecturesyouhaveheard,wantsmetojointheinstitute.

4. Relative Pronouns

7

3. a. which b.who c. who d.whom e. whose f.which g. which h.what i. whose j.which

4. Free response.


8

SIMPLY QUIZZING-1 § Tick()thestatementsthatarecorrect.

Thedefinite articleisusedbeforeadjectiveswhentheyareusedas singularnouns.

Thedefinite articleisusedwiththesuperlativeform.

Thedefinite articleisusedbeforeuncountablenouns.

Thedefinite articleisusedbeforethenamesofpeople.

§ Thetwocaseswhenanyisusedwiththebothcountableanduncountable nounsare:

innegativesentences;inquestions

§ Countable nounshaveasingular/pluralform,whileuncountable nounshaveasingular/pluralform.Choosethecorrectoptions.

Countablenounshaveapluralformwhileuncountablenounsdonothaveapluralform.

§ Matchthecolumns.

Adjective of quality tellsuswhatkindof

Adjective of quantity tellsushowmuch

Adjective of number tellsushowmany

Demonstrative adjective tellsuswhichone

Interrogative adjective asksaquestion

Possessive adjective tellsuswhoseitis

§ Whichamongstthesearenotrelative pronouns:who,what,where,how,when,why,whose,whom,that,which,thatwhich?

how,when,why

§ Namethesixtypesofpronouns.

demonstrative,interrogative,reflexive,emphatic,indefinite,relative

9


SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. can b.could c. can d.can e. can f.could g. can h.can i. Can j.could

2. a. might b.may c. may d.might e. may f.might g. May h.might i. may j.may

3. a. could b.could c. can d.could e. may,could f.can,can g. can’t h.could,can’t i. May,may j.may,might

4. Free response.


5. Modals

10


SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. before b.after/before c. on d.In e. after f.at g. before/after h.on i. until j.During k. before/after

2. a. in b.for c. in d.for e. in f.upto g. from;to h.On i. during

3. Free response.


6. Prepositions

11

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. so b.assoonas c. while d.since e. if

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. because b.when c. where d.Unless e. whether f.since g. since h.sothat i. because j.Because/Although

2. a. Tanveeralwaysstudiedhardbuthegotonlyaveragescores. b. Mysisterhopedtobeaprofessionaldancersoshepractiseddaily. c. Ireadtwobookseverymonthandthreenewspaperseveryday. d. Shewantstobeapilotoranairhostess. e. Mydoghasaterribletemperanditscarespeople. f. Rajeevwantstobeapoliticianbecausehecanmakechangesinthecountry. g. WhenJerryvisitsus,hemakesuslaugh. h. Mysisterhatesstreetshoppingasshecannotbearthecrowd. i. IknowworkingoutisimportantalthoughIdon’tallowanytimeforit. j. Iliketogetupearlyinthemorningbutmybrotherlikestogetuplate.

3. Free response.


7. Conjunctions

12

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. gracefully b. exactly c. mostly d. rarely e. safely f. loudly g. easily h. badly i. eagerly j. honestly

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. soundly:adverbofmanner b. attheendofeverymonth:adverboftime c. earlyinthemorning;endoftheday:adverbsoftime d. somewhere;Delhi:adverbsofplace e. easily:adverbofmanner f. almostmonthly:adverboffrequency g. brisk:adverbofmanner h. ontopofthehill:adverbofplace i. very:manner j. sometimes:adverboffrequency

2. a. Hewasquietlyworkingintheshedallday. b. Myfatherreluctantlydoesthegroceryshoppingatthesupermarketeveryweek. c. Thepatientworriedlywaitedinthehospitalalldayforhistestresults. d. Theclockexactlystrikestwelvetimesinthehallatmidnight. e. Mygrandmotherusedalwaystoreadaloudtomeintheevenings. f. Thesoldiersbravelymarchedtothebattlefieldyesterday.

8. Adverbs

13

g. Sometimes,theygobycartotheamusementparkonweekends. h. WearrivedinNewDelhiafterabumpyflight. i. Thedetectivehadbeencarefullyfollowingthesuspectallday. j. Theflowergirlquicklywalkstothehighwayeverymorning.

3. Free response.


14

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. is; their b. are c. plans d. has e. was f. writes

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. b. Either my mother or my father is coming to the meeti ng. c. Tanima and Tamara don’t want to read the book. f. The lady with two dogs lives on the top fl oor.

2. a. is b. is c. knows d. is e. are f. are g. is h. debate i. were; is j. is; is

3. a. The team leads very diff erent lives while not playing.

b. The prime minister, along with his children, greets the public cordially.

c. Every DVD, even the scratched one, is in the wooden case.

d. Either you or I is going.

e. Neither the soup nor the noodles is hot.

f. Both dad and uncle are out for a meeti ng.

g. My friend and mentor is here to meet me.

h. From now on, every moment matt ers. i. Each slice of bread is stale and smells bad. j. Orange and mango pulp is mixed together in this juice.

4. Free response.


9. Subject–Verb Agreement

15

SIMPLY QUIZZING-2 § Canisusedtoexpress...................,...................or....................

ability,possibilityorpermission

§ Mayandmightareusedtoexpress...................,...................,..................., ...................,...................,...................or....................

permission,doubt,possibility,wish,hope,fear,purpose

§ While...................suggestsapositivepossibility,...................suggestslesspossibility.

may;might

§ Nameafewprepositions of time.

on,in,then,during,until,till,next,upto

§ Nameafewprepositions of place.

behind,above,under,between,over,on

§ Nameafew prepositions of agent.

by,with,from,for

§ Nameafewprepositions of direction.

to,onto,on,in,into

§ Whichamongtheseisnotacoordinating conjunction: for, and, nor, but, yet, although, because?

although,because

§ Whatdoesasubordinating conjunction do?

Asubordinatingconjunctionhelpsjointwostatementswhereinoneofthemis dependentontheother.

16

§ Arrangetheadverbsgivenbelowintheorderinwhichtheyappearinasentence.

3 adverb of time

1 adverb of manner

4 adverb of purpose

2 adverb of place

§ Ifthesingularsubjectsareprecededbyeachandevery,theverbis....................

singular

§ Twoormoresingularsubjectsthatareconnectedbyeither...or,neither...nor alwaystakea...................verb.

singular

§ Iftwosingularnounsrefertothesamepersonorthing,theverbisalwaysplural.Trueorfalse?

False

17

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. Isthishowyoushuffleapackofcards? b. Icannotmakeitforthemeetinginthemorning. c. IfeltlikeIwasontopoftheworld! d. Canyoupleaseshutthedooronyourwayout?

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. declarative b.imperative c. declarative d.interrogative e. declarative f.interrogative g. interrogative h.exclamatory i. imperative j.interrogative k. imperative l.declarative m. exclamatory n.declarative o. declarative

2. Free response.


10. Sentences

18

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

a. Do e. goestothefactory.

b. Iam c. alotofnoise.

c. Theneighboursmake f. tomewhenItellyousomething.

d. Heenawill a. youandTarawanttosingwithme?

e. Look,thecarpenter d. speaktohermothertomorrow.

f. Youhavetolisten b. goingforawalkrightnow.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. F b. NF c.NF d.F e. F f. F g. NF h.NF i.NF j. NF

2. a. finite b.non-finite c. finite d.non-finite e. non-finite f.finite g. non-finite h.finite i. non-finite j.non-finite

3. a. tocome b.towalk c. totake d.togoto e. tobring f.tostay g. Tofinish h.togive i. tomeet j.togo

4. Free response.


11. Infinitives

19

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. toread b.todrink c. toplease d.tohelp e. tograduate

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. speaking:presentparticiple b. considering:presentparticiple c. beating:presentparticiple d. seeing:presentparticiple e. seizing:presentparticiple led:pastparticiple f. coming:presentparticiple waited:pastparticiple g. thinking:presentparticiple read:pastparticiple h. hearing:presentparticiple rushed:pastparticiple i. blinded;met:pastparticiple j. laden:pastparticiple

2. a. burning noun:tower

b. laughing noun:doll

c. boring noun:match

d. shaken noun:victim

12. Participles

20

e. excited noun:fan f. encouraged noun:I g. smiling noun:face h. singing noun:birds i. working noun:doctor

j. charming noun:salesman

3. a. Rejectedbythesociety,hedecidedtobecomeamonk. b. Takingpityonthegirl,thewitchturnedherintoafairy. c. Siezingthethief,thepolicemanrushedtotheprison. d. Takinghisnest,thehunterwentouttocatchthebirds. e. Havingmethisbrother,Rahulaskedhimwherehewasgoing. f. Wesawamancarryingabasketofflowersonhishead. g. Hearingthenoise,thegrandmotherwokeupsuddenly. h. Thecabincrewhavingtakentheirseats,theflightwasreadytotakeoff.

4. Free response.


21

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. crying b.broken c. laden d.blinded e. Mounting

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. eating b.jumping c. seeing d.reading e. starting f.spending g. trying h.Praising;praising i. owning j.helping

2. a. todo b.going c. totell d.todefend e. majoring f.tomove g. watching h.tolisten i. toget j.driving

3. a. participle b.gerund c. gerund d.participle e. gerund f.participle g. gerund h.participle i. gerund j.gerund

4. Free response.


13. Gerunds

22

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. isrevising b.wasreading c. willbearriving d.iswashing e. washunting f.willbedelivering

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. hadreached b.hadmet c. hadworked d.hadgiven e. hadsold f.hadsat g. hadclosed h.hadsolved i. hadheld j.hadrejected

2. a. hasforgotten b.hasworked c. hasproved d.hasheld e. haskept f.hasmet g. havestayed h.haswritten i. hasexpanded j.hasfelt

3. a. willhavecompleted b.willhavedeveloped c. willhavemet d.willhaveexpanded e. willhaveplayed f.willhaveoffered g. get;willhaveforgotten h.arrives;willhavegone i. wouldhaveknown j.willhavearrived

4. a. willhavefinished b.havesaved c. hadworked d.willhaveleft e. hasignored f.hasexamined g. hadgot h.haveanswered i. hasaffected j.willhavereceived


14. Tenses

23

SIMPLY QUIZZING-3 § Whatisadeclarative sentence?

Asentencewhichstatessomethingiscalledadeclarativesentence.

§ Whatisaninterrogative sentence?

Asentencethatasksaquestioniscalledaninterrogativesentence.

§ Whatisanimperative sentence?

Asentencethatexpressesacommandorrequestiscalledanimperativesentence.

§ Whatisanexclamatory sentence?

Asentencethatexpressesastrongfeelingiscalledanexclamatorysentence.

§ ....................verbsaredeterminedbythepersonandnumberofthesubject.

Finite

§ ....................verbsarenotdeterminedbythepersonandnumberofthesubject.

Non-finite

§ Whatiscommontoinfinitives, gerunds and participles?

Theyareallnon-finiteverbs.

§ An infinitiveisoftenusedwith.......................

to

§ A participleisthatformofaverbthatactsasanoun.Trueorfalse?

False

§ A gerundisthatformofaverbthatactsasanadjective.Trueorfalse?

False

24

§ Boththegerundandtheparticiplemayendwiththe-ingform.Trueorfalse?

True

§ Tick()thestatementsthatarecorrect.

Thepresent perfecttenseisusedforanactionthathasnotfinished.

Thepast perfecttenseisusedforanactionthatwascompletedatsomepoint.

Thefuture perfecttenseisusedforanactionthatwillbecompletedbeforeagivenmomentinthefuture.

§ Fillintheblanks.

past perfect tense = had + pastparticiple

present perfect tense = has/have + pastparticiple

future perfect tense = willhave/shallhave + pastparticiple

25

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF

a. Ifitrains, e. youwillbestuckintraffic.

b. Ifthechildrenplay, c. youwillscorewell.

c. Ifyoustudyhard, d. youwillwastetime.

d. Ifyouthinktoomuch, a. thefarmerswillbehappy.

e. Ifyougoshoppingnow, b. theywillbetired.

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. hadknown b. willnotbeabletofinish c. donottell d. wouldhavecaught e. hadlearnt f. itbecomes g. doesnotrain h. wouldhaveunderstood i. willthrow j. goeshome k. wouldbe l. hadnottold m. wouldhavedied n. wouldyoudo o. doesnotchange

2. Free response.


15. ‘If ’ Clause

26

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. A b. P c.A d.P e. A

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. made(A) b. isloved(P) c. chased(A) d. wassent(P) e. hasbeenlost(P) f. reveal(A) g. discovery(A) h. wascrowned(P) i. expect(A) j. insult(A)

2. a. SixslicesofpizzawereeatenbySonaliatdinner. b. Theflattyrewaschangedbythemechanic. c. ThreemangoesandtwoorangesonlywereboughtbyArvind. d. ThesportscomplexwasrunacrossinrecordtimebySunita. e. Theentirestretchofthehighwaywasblockedbythetrucks. f. Thedetectivenovelwasreadinjustonedaybymysister. g. Asarcasticfilmreviewwaswrittenbythecritic. h. ThehousewillbecleanedeverySaturdayandSundaybyme. i. DisneylandwasvisitedbyMickeyMouseandMinnieMouserecently.

3. a. MrsJonesemailedanapplicationforanewjob. b. Tomandhisfriend,Tina,paintedtheentirehouse. c. Thescientistsalwaysansweredthestudents’queries. d. Thechurchchoirreallyenjoyedthathymn.

16. Active and Passive Voice

27

e. ThememberscleanthesocietyeverySunday. f. Themillionairegenerouslydonatedmoneytotheneedy. g. Noonerespondedtothematrimonialad. h. Thetouristguidemadeallthereservations. i. Thechefbakedtwodozenpastries. j. Allthevillagerssawthecomet. k. Thefanwasturnedonbymebecausethesunwashot.

4. Free response.


28

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. I b. D c.I d.D e. D

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. Thepatienttoldthedoctorthathehadatoothache. b. Themanagersaidthathewasverybusythen. c. Theexamineraskedthestudentstohurryup. d. Themothertoldtheboytogiveheracupofwater. e. Ashasaidthatshewasgoingtocollege.Onlyafterthatwouldshegotothelibrary. f. Theauthorthankedthefanforeverythinghe/shehaddoneforhim/her. g. Rajeevsaidthatthatlittleonemustgotoschoolthenextday. h. Thenewstudentsaidthathis/herfatherwasanengineer. i. Thetravellersaidthathe/shegothis/hervisa. j. TarunasaidthatIwasheronlyfriendandshevaluedourfriendship.

2. a. ‘Iamgoingtothepark,’Janetoldhermother. b. ‘Wewillgohomethefollowingweekend,’hisparentstoldme. c. ‘Youhavebeenveryirregular,’theteachertoldAnuj. d. ‘Ihavefinishedmyworkandamreadytoplay,’Amitabhtoldme. e. ‘Russiaisthelargestcountry,’saidtheteacher. f. ‘Sheisnotgoinghometoday.Shewilldecidelater,’saidhe. g. ‘Didyoubuythepensfromthenewstore?’heaskedme. h. ‘Isthistheshrinewehavevisitedbefore?’theboyasked. i. ‘Tellthetruthorfacetheconsequences,’thejudgetoldthewitness. j. ‘Forgiveme.Iaminnocent,’theprisonerbeggedthejudge.


17. Direct and Indirect Speech

29

SIMPLY TAKE-OFF a. fullstop b. comma c. exclamationmark d. questionmark e. invertedcomma

SIMPLY PRACTISE 1. a. Eatinghealthyhelpsyouloseweight;stayingfitkeepsyouhealthy. b. Mydoghatesdogfood;heloveseatingmydinner. c. Ihatedoingmathhomework;Ilovedoingarthomework. d. ThissummerI’mgoinghiking;I’mtakingacruiseandrelaxing! e. Idon’tlikemilk;Imuchpreferajuice. f. IscoredwellinmyEnglishassignment;Ireallystudiedhard. g. Idon’tlikegoingtothegym;infact,Icancelledmymembership. h. Ihadtousemybrother’sjacket;Iforgotmyjacketathome. i. NeitherofuscanspeakFrench;wehadtogetatranslator. j. Iliveinthecity;I’mnotaruralperson. 2. a. Thedeparturedoorswillcloseat9:15pm. b. OurEnglishpaperbeginsat4:15pm. c. Iwokeupat6:30aminthemorning. d. Thedanceshowbeginsat7:00pmonSaturday. e. Myflightisat10:00amonSunday. f. Thedentistsaid:‘Takegoodcareofyourteeth.’ g. Thefollowingneedtobetakencareof:food,accommodationandclothing. h. Theweathermansaid:‘Itwillsurelyraintonight.’

18. Punctuation

30

3. Peter,therabbit,scuttledundertheenormouspileofdriedleaves,whichwereatthefootofahorsechestnuttreeinthewoods.Whatwasthat?Wow!Itwasacarrotfallingdownfromthemagicbranchesabovethepileofleaves.Wheredidthatcomefrom?‘Whatabigcarrot,’hewondered.Peterhadneverseensuchalargecarrotbefore.Heranbackunderthemoundofleaves;thenwenttosleep.Hedreamtofmorecarrots.DoyoureallythinkPeter,therabbit,gottoeatmorecarrotsordidhehavetochoosebetweenthefollowing:radish,turnip,cheese?

31

SIMPLY QUIZZING-4

§ Eachtimewewanttoshowacondition,weuse...................

if

§ Whatisanopen condition?

Aconditionwhichmayormaynotbefulfilledisanopencondition.

§ Whatisarejected condition?

Aconditionwhichmighthavebeenfulfilledbutisnotisarejectedcondition.

§ Asentenceissaidtobeintheactive voicewhen........................................................

thesubjectoftheverbisthedoeroftheaction.

§ Asentenceissaidtobeinthepassive voicewhen......................................................

thesubjectoftheverbisthereceiveroftheaction.

§ Weusethe..................voicewhenwewantthedoeroftheactiontobeprominent.

active

§ Weusethe..................voicewhenthepersonorthingacteduponistobe madeprominent.

passive

§ Matchthecolumns

Direct speech Indirect speech

here - there

ago - before

tomorrow - thenextday

thus - so

these - those

32

§ A semi colonisusetoseparate..........................................................

looselyrelatedclauses

§ A colonisusedtoindicationa..................,..................or...................

quotation,timeorlistofitems

§ Namethevariouspunctuation marksthatyouhavelearntsofar.

capitalletter,fullstop,questionmark,exclamationmark,invertedcommas, apostrophe,semi-colonandcolon.

33

1. a. aslife b.asabee c. thewind d.ascrystal e. asgold f.afish g. asabutton h.ababy i. asafox

2. b. Whenmymothermakesuphermindsheisarock,notbudginganinch.

c. Thelavawasablanketoffirethatscorchedalltheplantsinitspath.

d. Spinningcontentedly,thespiderwasanartistpreparingamasterpiece.

e. Duringtheholidaytrafficthehighwaywasonelongparkinglot.

f. Theicecreambarwasasnowstorminhermouthintheheatoftheday.

g. Hisjobhuntwasapuzzlethatwasmissingthefinalpiece.

h. Thelawyersweresharksintheoceanofthecourtroom.

i. OnChristmasEve,theshoppingmallwasajungleofpeople.

j. Thespaghettiwasatangledballofyarnonhisplate.

19. Word Bank

34

1. a. strangeisland. b. hairysavages. c. thecaptain. d. driftwood. e. blindedthegiant.

2. a. Free response. b. Thegiant,findingthecaptaintobethefattestofall,tookhiminonehandandstuckhim

uponaspit.Hethenkindledahugefire,roastedthecaptainandatehim. c. Sinbad’sideawastomakeseveralraftswiththedriftwoodandcarrythemtoasuitable

place.Iftheplansucceeded,thenSinbadandhiscompanionswouldwaitforapassingshipthatwouldrescuethemfromtheisland.

d. Theword‘spit’heremeansalongthinrodthatispushedthroughmeatforroasting. e. Afterthegiantwenttosleep,themenrose,eachtookaspitandheatedtheminthefire.

Thereafter,theyallplungeditwithoneaccordintothegiant’seye,thusblindinghim.Thegianthurledahugecryandranawayandthemenescapedfromhiscastle.

3. a. Manyportsweretouchedbyusandmademuchprofit. b. Wewerefinallydrivenintotheharbouronastrangeisland. c. Theheavydoorswerepushedbackandthecourtyardwasenteredbyus. e. Hugepiecesofrockwereseizedbythegiantsandhurledafterus.

4. a. Ourcaptainsaidthatthatislandandalladjoiningitwereinhabitedbyhairysavages. b. Isaidthatweneedtolistenbrothers. c. Iaddedthattheyknewthatplentyofdriftwoodliesalongtheshore.

5. Free response.

6. Free response.

20. Comprehension

35

Silent B

Silent D

Silent C

bomb aplomb comb climb debt crumb dumb doubt lamb jamb limb numb plumb subtle succumb thumb tomb womb

handsome sandwich Wednesday handkerchief balled

ascent ascend conscious conscience descend crescent disciple descent fascinate fluorescent isosceles incandescent miscellaneous luminescent obscene muscle scenario scene scent scissors

PHONICS

36

Silent G

Silent H

align assign benign campaign consign cologne feign design gnarl foreign gnash gnat gnaw gnome gnu reign resign sign

anchor ache architect archeology chaos archives character characteristic charisma chemical chemist chemotherapy choir chlorine chord cholera chorus choreograph Christian Christmas chrome echo leprechaun loch mechanical melancholy monarch monochrome orchestra orchid psychic school scheme technical stomach technology technique

37

Silent K

Silent N

Silent P

Silent T

knapsack knack knead knave kneel knee knew knell knickers knife knight knit knob knock knoll knot know knowledge knuckle

autumn column condemn damn hymn solemn

psychology pneumonia pseudo psychiatrist cupboard raspberry psychiatry receipt

bristle apostle castle bustle glisten fasten jostle hustle listen moisten mortgage often nestle rustle soften thistle trestle whistle wrestle

38

Silent U

Silent W

baguette biscuit build built circuit disguise guess guest guide guild guile guillotine guilt guilty guise guitar rogue silhouette

playwright awry wrack sword wrap wrangle wrath wrapper wreak wreath wreck wreckage wren wrench wrest wrestle wretch wretched wriggle wring wrinkle wrist write writ wrong writhe wrought wrote wry wrung

39

1. Fill in the blanks ‘definite’ article. Put a cross (û) where no ‘article’ is needed.

a. .................moreyoupractise,.................betteryouwillperformin yourexam.

b. Doyoustilllivein.................India?

c. Youmustdrink.................milkeveryday.

d. .................milkIboughtyesterdayisintherefrigerator.

e. .................guitarstoreisrightacrosstheroad.

f. Vinitatook.................guitarlessonsfromherteacherinNovember.

g. .................moonisshiningbrighttonight.

h. .................footballteamfromKohimaarrivedlastnight.

i. Rachellikesplaying.................footballafterschool.

j.Whatis.................nameofyourdog?

k.Meneighbour’s.................childrenareextremelyplayful.

2. Tick () the correct option to fill in the blanks.

a.We’retakingatripto……………………comingsummer.

themountains

mountains

Worksheet 1(Linked to Lesson 1—Articles)

40

b. ……………………inthiscityisquitelow.

Thecrimerate

Crimerate

c. Roylovesallkindsof…………………….

cakes

thecakes

d. Noamountof……………………shouldbewasted.

thefood

food

e. ……………………inthislakeisclear.

Water

Thewater

41

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct ‘quantifier’ from the brackets.

a. Isthere........................(any/much)waterinthefridge?

b. Therewas........................(many/no)furnitureintheroom.

c. Therewere........................(more/afew)applesinthebasketbutnowthereare........................(none/any).

d. Iwouldlike........................(some/any)coffeeand........................ (a/much)cookie.

e. Thereare........................(none/many)goodsupermarketsaround thisplace.

f. Shut........................(all/much)windowsanddoors;thestormiscoming.

g. Ihavetoldyou........................(somany/somuch)timesnottostayoutinthesunforsolong.

h. ........................(Alotof/Much)timesIkeepreadingthroughthenightwithoutrealisinghowlateitis.

i. Therehasnotbeen........................(some/much)rainthisyear.

2. Make sentences with the ‘quantifiers’ given below.

a. afew

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 2(Linked to Lesson 2—Countable and Uncountable Nouns)

42

b. some

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. much

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. little

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. themore

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. many

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

43

1. Given below are a few ‘adjectives’. Write down their comparative and superlative forms.

Adjectives Compartive Superlative

a. rude …….........………. …….........……….

b. selfish …….........………. …….........……….

c. strict …….........………. …….........……….

d. tough …….........………. …….........……….

e. polite …….........………. …….........……….

f. good …….........………. …….........……….

g. kind …….........………. …….........……….

h. little …….........………. …….........……….

i. quiet …….........………. …….........……….

2. Fill in the blanks with the type of ‘adjective’ mentioned in the brackets.

a. ………………………houseisthebiggestIhaveeverseen.(demonstrative)

b. ………………………booksarenewandbelongtothelibrary.(possessive)

c. ………………………restaurantisthebestaroundhere?(interrogative)

d. ………………………peopledonotknowhowtospeaksoftly.(quantity)

Worksheet 3(Linked to Lesson 3—Adjectives)

44

3. Make sentences of your own with the ‘adjectives’ given below.

a. wonderful

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b. clever

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. these

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. difficult

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. five

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

g. rigorous

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

45

h. white

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

i. mostimproper

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

46

1. Circle the ‘relative pronouns’ in the sentences given below.

a. Thisisthebuildingthatwasbuiltlastyear.

b. Isthistheguitarwhichyouboughtyesterday?

c. Sheisthekindofpersonwhowillneverlie.

d. Isthatthedogthatbitthelittlechild?

e. Thebookfairwhichwentonforaweekwasasuccess.

f. Theboywhoiswearingaredcapisherson.

g. Thewomanwhosepursewasstolencomplainedtothepolice.

h. Theteacherwhomyouweretalkingaboutismynextdoorneighbour.

2. Fill in the blanks with ‘relative pronouns’.

a. Thesearethebooks………………………youwanted.

b. Ihavebeenwaitingfor………………………toreleaseforquitesometimenow.

c. Canyoutellme………………………directedthismovie?

d.Myfavouriteband………………………concertwewentforwontheaward.

e. Theperson………………………finishestheracefirstwinstheprize.

3. Make sentences of your own with the ‘relative pronouns’ given below.

a. who

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 4(Linked to Lesson 4—Relative Pronouns)

47

b. whose

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. which

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. that

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. whom

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

48

1. Tick () the appropriate ‘modal’ to fill in the blanks.

a. ……………………….youpleasetellmethewaytothepark?

May

Can

b. It……………………….rainintheafternoon.

can

might

c. I……………………….drivethroughthebadroad.

can

may

d. I……………………….gotothemarketbecausemycarbrokedown.

mightnot

couldnot

e. She……………………….participatebecauseshehasbeendisqualified.

can’t

might

f. ……………………….allyoudreamscometrue!

Might

May

Worksheet 5(Linked to Lesson 5—Modals)

49

2. Make sentences with the ‘modals’ given below.

a. can’t

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b.might

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. mightnot

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d.may

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e.maynot

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. can

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

50

1. Fill in the blanks with ‘prepositions of time’.

a. .....................myvisittoAtlanta,IvisitedmychildhoodfriendRachel.

b. Areyoucomingfortheparty.....................Tuesday?

c. Theshowwillstart.....................thenext15minutes.

d. .....................15January,mymotherwillgivemeagift.

e. Thedoctorwillnotbeavailableforconsultation.....................nextweek.

f. Theteacherwilltakeclasses.....................Monday.....................Thursday.

g. Herfriendsgotmarried.....................Christmas.

h. Theholidaysstart.....................Dussehraandend.....................Diwali.

i.Myfatherwasupearly.....................themorning,makingbreakfast.

2. Make your own sentences with the ‘prepositions of time’ given below.

a. until

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b. upto

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. from

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 6(Linked to Lesson 6—Prepositions)

51

d. during

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. after

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. before

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

g. on

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

h. from...to

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

i. next

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

j. then

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

52

1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate ‘coordinating’ conjunctions.

a. Iwanttobuyanewdress…...…………....……itistooexpensive.

b. Itisrainingtoday…...…………....……Sharoncarriedherumbrella.

c. Ihavenotclearedmytests…...…………....……. …...…………....……Iam notqualified.

d.Mymother…...…………....……Iaregoingtrekkingnextmonth.

e. Ihavenotgotacallfromher…...…………....…….

2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate ‘subordinating’ conjunctions.

a. …...…………....……theplangoes,Iamokaywithit.

b. …...…………....……Shreyadancedwell,shecouldnotwintheprize.

c.Wewillgoinsidethehouse…...…………....……itgetscolder.

d. Remindmetocallmyuncle…...…………....……Iwakeup.

e. Letuskeepthedoorclosed…...…………....……theroomiswarm.

3. Make sentences of your own with the ‘conjunctions’ given below.

a. because

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 7(Linked to Lesson 7—Conjunctions)

53

b. since

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. whenever

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. or

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. soon

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. although

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

g. Nosoonerthan

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

54

1. Underline the ‘adverbs’ in the sentences given below and state their type.

a. Thetelephonewaskeptthere.

b. Namanwenttothegymyesterday.

c. Samanthasangeffortlessly.

d.Myfatheralwaysgoesforawalkinthepark.

e. Anandboughtanewsuitcaseforhistrip.

f. Ineverleavethedooropen.

g. Adamwantstowatchamovietomorrow.

h. Ineedtobuyapacketofflourforthecake.

i. Davidsleptsoundlyonthesofa.

j. Thescientistisworkinginthelab.

2. Make your own sentences with the ‘adverbs’ given below, placing them appropriately.

a. confidently-walked-intheroom .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b. tohermother-happily-athome .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 8(Linked to Lesson 8—Adverbs)

55

c. lastmonth-horribly-taught .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. atnight-read-sometimes .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. starting-theconcert-now .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. quite-wellprepared .....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

56

1. Underline the error in the sentences given below and rewrite them.

a. OneofmyteachershavegonetoParis.

.....................................................................................................................

b. Neitheroftheparticipantswerequalifiedfortherace.

.....................................................................................................................

c. SharanyaandIwasatthelibrary.

.....................................................................................................................

d. EitherTomorHarryareresponsibleforthis.

.....................................................................................................................

e. Dogsaswellascatsstayshere.

.....................................................................................................................

f. Oneofmystudentsaremissingfromtheclass.

.....................................................................................................................

2. Make sentences of your own with the words given below. Ensure to follow the appropriate subject-verb agreement.

a.mananddog

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 9(Linked to Lesson 9—Subject-Verb Agreement)

57

.....................................................................................................................

b. each…work

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. neither…nor…class

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. every…person

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

e. teaandsugar

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. Shwetaandhermother

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

58

1. Read the ‘sentences’ given below and state their type.

a. Pleasecallmeassoonasyoureach.

.....................................................................................................................

b.Whatisthenameofyourschool?

.....................................................................................................................

c. Iamsoexcitedabouttheperformance!

.....................................................................................................................

d. Iwillbeoutoftownnextweek.

.....................................................................................................................

e. Isthiswhereyourparentsgotmarried?

.....................................................................................................................

f. Ihavealwaysbeeninaweofthespringseason!

.....................................................................................................................

g. Gotothemarketandbuysomefruits.

.....................................................................................................................

h.WhyisRahulsorude?

.....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 10(Linked to Lesson 10—Sentences)

59

2. Make ‘sentences’ of your own as instructed below.

a. declarativesentence

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b. imperativesentence

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. interrogativesentence

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. exclamatorysentence

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

60

1. State whether the underlined verbs are ‘finite’ (F) or ‘non-finite’ (NF).

a. Hedecidedtogo. ........................

b. Shehasseenthefilm. ........................

c.Willtheybelieveyou? ........................

d. Havingfinishedtheirwork,theyleft. ........................

e. Hewasfeelingill. ........................

f. Heleftthepartyfeelingill. ........................

g. Thegirlwhowassittingtherehasgone. ........................

h. Thegirlsittingtherehasgone. ........................

i. Thegirlhasgone. ........................

j. Theyexpectedittohavebeencancelled. ........................

2. Underline the ‘finite’ verb and circle the ‘non-finite’ verb in each sentence given below.

a. Hegavemeachairtosit.

b. Itwasasighttosee.

c. Iwanttobuysomeclothes.

d. Barkingdogsseldombite.

e. Heisabouttoleave.

f. Itistimetostart.

g. Hewaswearingatornshirt.

Worksheet 11(Linked to Lesson 11—Infinitives)

61

h. Hehadhisshoespolished.

i. Theygottheroofrepaired.

j. FindingthedooropenIwentinside.

3. Fill in the blanks with the ‘infinitive’ form of the verb given in the brackets.

a. Doyouwant.....................(come)totheshopwithme?

b. Youdon’tneed.....................(leave)yet—it’snotlate.

c. Don’tforget.....................(take)yourumbrellawithyou.

d.Myparentsareplanning.....................(go)abroad.

e. Theyareplanning.....................(buy)meamusicplayer.

f. Howlongdoyouexpect.....................(stay)inChandigarh?

g. .....................(learn)Englishquicklyisnotaneasything.

h. Shepromised.....................(give)itbackassoonaspossible.

i. He’slookingforward.....................(meet)allhisfriendsagain.

j. Thisisthetime.....................(sit)backandrelax.

62

1. Complete the sentences using the correct ‘participle’ form of the verb in the brackets.

a. Rahulsawhisfriend.......................(go)outwithJane.

b. Thejeepcrashedintotheredcar.......................(drive)downtheroad.

c. Thedoghurthisleg.......................(do)stunts.

d. Thepurse.......................(find)attheschoolbelongstoSneha.

e. Thecrowd.......................(dance)ontheroadhappily.

f. Iheardmyfriend.......................(talk)onthephone.

g.Myneighbouralwayshashisdog.......................(wash).

h.Westood.......................(wait)fortheauto.

i. .......................(look)downfromthebalcony,wesawmanypeoplewalkinginthestreets.

j. Thepeopledroveoffina.......................(steal)van.

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the ‘participle’.

a. Hewassittingonabed.......................theTV.

b. .......................intheservicesformanyyears,hekneweveryone andeverything.

c. Thecup.......................withcoffeewaskeptontheside-table.

d. .......................eachotherforyear,theyhadalottoshare.

Worksheet 12(Linked to Lesson 12—Participles)

63

e. .......................intoawealthyfamily,Ravigoteverythinghewishedfor.

f. .......................thechildofabeggar,heoftenwenttobedhungry.

g. .......................hiswords,hefeltverysorry.

h.Well.......................,weallareveryproudofyoutoday.

i. .......................thebus,thestudentswenttoapark.

j. .......................theserialadozentimes,mymotherknewthedialogues byheart.

3. Make sentences with the ‘participle’ form of the verbs given below.

a. talk

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

b. forgot

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

c. wag

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

d. deliver

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

64

e. help

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

f. watch

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

g.meet

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

h. run

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

65

1. Underline the ‘gerunds’ in the sentences given below.

a. Sheisgoodatdancing.

b. Heiscrazyaboutsinging.

c. Idon’tlikeplayingcards.

d. Theyareafraidofswimminginthesea.

e. Theyenjoyedwatchingthestreetplay

f. Heisinterestedinmakingfriends.

g.Myuncleisafraidoftravellingbyplane.

h.Weinsistoncookingthedinnerourselves.

2. Fill in the blanks with the ‘infinitive’ or the ‘gerund’ form of the verb given in brackets.

a. Iamkeenon....................(work)inthecomputerindustry.

b. Amydecided....................(see)adoctor.

c. Leilaenjoys....................(read)lovestories.

d. Doyouintend....................(learn)ItalianorEnglish?

e. Doyoumind....................(help)mewashthedishes?

f. Alanasked....................(talk)totheboss.

g. Ican’thelp....................(laugh)whenIwatchMrBeen.

h. IfSarakeeps....................(come)toworklate,she’llhaveproblemswiththeboss.

i. Lizahates....................(study)Maths.

j. Areyouinterestedin....................(visit)inAfrica?

Worksheet 13(Linked to Lesson 13—Gerunds)

66

3. State whether the –ing form of the verb in each sentence is a participle (P) or a ‘gerund’ (G).

a. Thejumpingfroglandedinherlap.

b. Lucyhadacallingtohelpotherpeople.

c. Themotherbarelycaughtthecrawlingbabybeforehewentintothestreet.

d. Thehousewasfilledwithahauntingghost.

e. Runninginthehallsisstrictlyforbidden.

f. Theywontheawardforcaringforsickanimals.

g. Paulboughtanewclimbinggear.

h. Escapingwastheonlythoughthehad.

67

1. Fill in the blanks with the ‘past perfect’ form of the verb given in the brackets.

a.WhenIarrivedatthecinema,thefilm....................(start).

b. She....................(live)inChinabeforeshewenttoThailand.

c. Afterthey....................(eat)theshellfish,theybegantofeelsick.

d. Ifyou....................(listen)tome,youwouldhavegotthejob.

e. Juliedidn’tarriveuntilafterI....................(leave).

f.Whenwe....................(finish)dinner,wewentout.

g. Thegardenwasdeadbecauseit....................(be)dryallsummer.

h. He....................(meet)hersomewherebefore.

i.Wewerelatefortheflightbecausewe....................(forget)ourpassports.

j. Shetoldmeshe....................(study)alotbeforetheexam.

2. Fill in the blanks with the ‘present perfect’ form of the verb given in the brackets.

a. ....................(they/arrive)already?

b. Lucy....................(run)2000metrestoday.

c. I....................(clean)allmorning—I’mfedup!

d. Howlong....................(you/know)Simon?

e. I....................(drink)morewaterrecently,andIfeelbetter.

f. Sorryaboutthemess!I....................(bake)afteralongtime.

g. Howmanytimes....................(you/take)thisexam?

Worksheet 14(Linked to Lesson 14—Tenses)

68

h. He....................(eat)sixbarsofchocolatestoday.

i. Julie....................(cook)dinner.Let’sgoandeat!

j. Thestudents....................(finish)theirexams.They’reveryhappy.

3. Fill in the blanks with the ‘future perfect’ form of the verb given in the brackets.

a. I........................(leave)bysix.

b. ........................(you/finish)thereportbythedeadline?

c.When........................(we/do)everything?

d. She........................(finish)herexamsbythen,sowecangooutfordinner.

e. You........................(read)thebookbeforethenextclass.

f. She........................(not/finish)workbyseven.

g.When........................(you/complete)thework?

h. They........................(arrive)bydinnertime.

i.We........................(be)inLondonforthreeyearsnextweek.

j. ........................(she/get)homebylunchtime?

69

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb from the brackets.

a. Ifyoucomewithme,I................(go)shoppingwithyou.

b.Walter ................ (tohelp)hismother in thegarden if she readshimastorythisevening.

c. Ifit................(torain),Iwillstayathome.

d. Ourteacherwillbehappyifwe................(tolearn)thepoembyheart.

e. Iftheyhadenoughmoney,they................(tobuy)anewcar.

f.We................(topass)theexamifwestudiedharder.

g. IfPat................(torepair)hisbike,hecouldgoonabicycletour withus.

h. Shewouldget100poundsifshe................(tosell)thisoldshelf.

i. IfIwereyou,I................(toinvite)Jacktotheparty.

j. Iftheweather................(tobe)fine,thechildrencanwalktoschool.

2. Complete the sentences given below.

a. IfCarolineandSueprepare.......................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

b. IfJohncuts.................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

Worksheet 15(Linked to Lesson 15—’If ’ Clause)

70

c. Ifthegirlsbuy............................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

d. Ifyoureadthemail....................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

e. Ifyouwerewealthy....................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

f. Ifhishealthdoesn’timprove.....................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

g. IfCaroltalktome.......................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

h. IfAnamakesamistakeagain.....................................................................

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................

71

1. State whether the sentences given below are in the ‘active voice’ (AV) or the ‘passive voice’ (PV).

a. Thehunterkilledthelion. ....................

b. Thelionwaskilledbythehunter. ....................

c. Someonehascleanedthewindows. ....................

d. Igavehimabookforhisbirthday. ....................

e. Shewassentachequeforathousandeuros. ....................

f. Themeetingwascalledoff. ....................

g. Theywillsendhimawaytoschool. ....................

h. Hisgrandmotherlookedafterhim. ....................

i. Hewillbesentawaytoschool. ....................

j. Rohangavehimabookforhisbirthday. ....................

2. Rewrite the sentences given below in the ‘passive voice’.

a. PeoplespeakPortugueseinBrazil.

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b. Thegovernmentisplanninganewroadnearmyhouse.

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Worksheet 16(Linked to Lesson 16—Active and Passive Voice)

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c.Mygrandfatherbuiltthishousein1943.

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d. PicassowaspaintingGuernicaatthattime.

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e. Thecleanerhascleanedtheoffice.

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f. Hehadwrittenthreebooksbefore1867.

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g. Johnwilltellyoulater.

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h. Bythistimetomorrowwewillhavesignedthedeal.

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3. Rewrite the sentences given below in the ‘active voice’.

a. Theworkshouldbedone.

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b. Jimmymighthavebeendelayedbythetraffic.

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c.MrBrownislovedbyeverybody.

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d. Anewstadiumisbeingbuiltnearthestation.

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e. Theprincesswaseatenbythewolf.

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f. Atsixo’clockastorywasbeingtold.

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g. Allthemilkhasbeendrunk.

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h. Allthewindowshadbeencleanedbeforethestormbyme.

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1. Rewrite the sentences given below using ‘indirect speech’.

a. Johnsaid,‘Ilovethistown.’

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b. ‘Areyousure?’heaskedme.

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c. ‘Ican’tdrivealorry,’hesaid.

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d. ‘Benicetoyourbrother,’hesaid.

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e. ‘Don’tbenasty,’hesaid.

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f. ‘Don’twasteyourmoney,’shesaid

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Worksheet 17(Linked to Lesson 17—Direct and Indirect Speech)

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g. ‘Whathaveyoudecidedtodo?’sheaskedhim.

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h. ‘Ialwayswakeupearly,’hesaid.

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i. ‘Youshouldreviseyourlessons,’hesaid.

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j. ‘Wherehaveyoubeen?’heaskedme.

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2. Rewrite the sentences given below using ‘direct speech’.

a. Hesaidthathelikedthatsong.

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b. Sheaskedmewheremysisterwas.

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c. Shesaidthatshedidn’tspeakItalian.

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d. TheyaskedmetosayhellotoJim.

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e. Hesaidthatthefilmhadbegunatseveno’clock.

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f. Shetoldtheboysnottoplayonthegrass.

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g. Sheaskedhimwherehehadspenthismoney.

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h. Hesaidthathenevermademistakes.

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i. HewantedtoknowifsheknewRobert.

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j. Thestuntmanadvisedtheaudiencenottotrythatathome.

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1. Punctuate the following sentences using colon (:).

a. Thebasketballmatchstartsat400pm.

b. Thestoreclosesatnine915pm.

c.Myunclesaid‘Itisnotwisetostepoutinthedark.’

d. Iwokeupat630amtoday.

e. Theexaminationshouldbeoverby1200pm.

f.Whatisitlikegoingtothebeachat530pm?

g. Sandeepwantsthreethingstobakethecakeflour,eggsandbutter.

h. Thetrainarrivedexactlyat1109am.

2. Punctuate the following sentences using a semi colon (;).

a. IlikechocolateIdon’tlikewhitechocolate.

b. HewenttoAustralialastyearheworkedhardforthescholarship.

c. IloveplayingbadmintonIboughtanewracquetyesterday.

d.Mycatlovesplayingwiththeyarnherunsaroundtheentireroomwithit.

e. ThereweretwoofusIspokeFrenchandmyfriendspokeSpanish.

f. Inwinters,Igoskiingitisalotoffun.

g. Itdoesnotmatterwhoyouareyoushouldbehonest.

h. Iloveeatingfruitstheyaremyfavourite.

Worksheet 18(Linked to Lesson 18—Punctuation)

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Black Beauty

ThefirstplacethatIcanwellrememberwasalargepleasantmeadowwithapondofclearwaterinit.Someshadytreesleanedoverit,andrushesandwater-liliesgrewatthedeepend.Overthehedgeononesidewelookedintoaplowedfield,andontheotherwelookedoveragateatourmaster’shouse,whichstoodbytheroadside;atthetopofthemeadowwasagroveoffirtrees,andatthebottomarunningbrookoverhungbyasteepbank.

WhileIwasyoungIliveduponmymother’smilk,asIcouldnoteatgrass.InthedaytimeIranbyherside,andatnightIlaydownclosebyher.Whenitwashotweusedtostandbythepondintheshadeofthetrees,andwhenitwascoldwehadanicewarmshednearthegrove.

AssoonasIwasoldenoughtoeatgrassmymotherusedtogoouttoworkinthedaytime,andcomebackintheevening.

Thereweresixyoungcoltsinthemeadowbesidesme;theywereolderthanIwas;somewerenearlyaslargeasgrown-uphorses.Iusedtorunwiththem,andhadgreatfun;weusedtogallopalltogetherroundandroundthefieldashardaswecouldgo.Sometimeswehadratherroughplay,fortheywouldfrequentlybiteandkickaswellasgallop.

Oneday,whentherewasagooddealofkicking,mymotherwhinniedtometocometoher,andthenshesaid:

‘IwishyoutopayattentiontowhatIamgoingtosaytoyou.Thecoltswholivehereareverygoodcolts,buttheyarecart-horsecolts,andofcoursetheyhavenotlearnedmanners.Youhavebeenwell-bredandwell-born;yourfatherhasagreatnameintheseparts,andyourgrandfatherwonthecuptwoyearsattheNewmarketraces;yourgrandmotherhadthesweetesttemperofanyhorseIeverknew,andIthinkyouhaveneverseenmekickorbite.Ihopeyouwillgrowupgentleandgood,andneverlearnbadways;doyourworkwithagoodwill,liftyourfeetupwellwhenyoutrot,andneverbiteorkickeveninplay.’

19. Comprehension

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Ihaveneverforgottenmymother’sadvice;Iknewshewasawiseoldhorse,andourmasterthoughtagreatdealofher.HernamewasDuchess, butheoftencalledherPet.

Ourmasterwasagood,kindman.Hegaveusgoodfood,goodlodging,andkindwords;hespokeaskindlytousashedidtohislittlechildren.Wewereallfondofhim,andmymotherlovedhimverymuch.Whenshesawhimatthegateshewouldneighwithjoy,andtrotuptohim.Hewouldpatandstrokeherandsay,‘Well,oldPet,andhowisyourlittleDarkie?’Iwasadullblack,sohecalledmeDarkie;thenhewouldgivemeapieceofbread,whichwasverygood,andsometimeshebroughtacarrotformymother.Allthehorseswouldcometohim,butIthinkwewerehisfavorites.Mymotheralwaystookhimtothetownonamarketdayinalightgig.

Therewasaplowboy,Dick,whosometimescameintoourfieldtopluckblackberriesfromthehedge.Whenhehadeatenallhewantedhewouldhavewhathecalledfunwiththecolts,throwingstonesandsticksatthemtomakethemgallop.Wedidnotmuchmindhim,forwecouldgallopoff;butsometimesastonewouldhitandhurtus.

Onedayhewasatthisgame,anddidnotknowthatthemasterwasinthenextfield;buthewasthere,watchingwhatwasgoingon;overthehedgehejumpedinasnap,andcatchingDickbythearm,hegavehimsuchaboxontheearasmadehimroarwithpainandsurprise.Assoonaswesawthemasterwetrottedupnearertoseewhatwenton.

‘Badboy!’hesaid,‘badboy!tochasethecolts.Thisisnotthefirsttime,northesecond,butitshallbethelast.There–takeyourmoneyandgohome;Ishallnotwantyouonmyfarmagain.’SoweneversawDickanymore.OldDaniel,themanwholookedafterthehorses,wasjustasgentleasourmaster,sowewerewelloff.

BeforeIwastwoyearsold,acircumstancehappenedwhichIhaveneverforgotten.Itwasearlyinthespring;therehadbeenalittlefrostinthenight,andalightmiststillhungoverthewoodsandmeadows.Iandtheothercoltswerefeedingatthelowerpartofthefieldwhenweheard,quiteinthedistance,whatsoundedlikethecryofdogs.Theoldestofthecoltsraisedhishead,prickedhisears,andsaid,‘Therearethehounds!’andimmediatelycanteredoff,followedbytherestofustotheupperpartofthefield,wherewecouldlookoverthehedgeandseeseveralfieldsbeyond.Mymotherandanoldridinghorseofourmaster’swerealsostandingnear,andseemedtoknowallaboutit.

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‘Theyhavefoundahare,’saidmymother,‘andiftheycomethiswayweshallseethehunt.’

Andsoonthedogswerealltearingdownthefieldofyoungwheatnexttoours.Ineverheardsuchanoiseastheymade.Theydidnotbark,norhowl,norwhine,butkeptona‘yo!yo,o,o!yo!yo,o,o!’atthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthemcameanumberofmenonhorseback,someofthemingreencoats,allgallopingasfastastheycould.Theoldhorsesnortedandlookedeagerlyafterthem,andweyoungcoltswantedtobegallopingwiththem,buttheyweresoonawayintothefieldslowerdown;hereitseemedasiftheyhadcometoastand;thedogsleftoffbarking,andranabouteverywaywiththeirnosestotheground.

‘Theyhavelostthescent,’saidtheoldhorse;‘perhapstheharewillgetoff.’‘Whathare?’Isaid.‘Oh!Idon’tknowwhathare;likelyenoughitmaybeone

ofourownharesoutofthewoods;anyharetheycanfindwilldoforthedogsandmentorunafter;’andbeforelongthedogsbegantheir‘yo!yo,o,o!’again,andbacktheycamealtogetheratfullspeed,makingstraightforourmeadowatthepartwherethehighbankandhedgeoverhangthebrook.

‘Nowweshallseethehare,’saidmymother;andjustthenaharewildwithfrightrushedbyandmadeforthewoods.Oncamethedogs;theyburstoverthebank,leapedthestream,andcamedashingacrossthefieldfollowedbythehuntsmen.Sixoreightmenleapedtheirhorsescleanover,closeuponthedogs.Theharetriedtogetthroughthefence;itwastoothick,andsheturnedsharproundtomakefortheroad,butitwastoolate;thedogswereuponherwiththeirwildcries;weheardoneshriek,andthatwastheendofher.Oneofthehuntsmenrodeupandwhippedoffthedogs,whowouldsoonhavetornhertopieces.Heheldherupbythelegtornandbleeding,andallthegentlemenseemedwellpleased.Asforme,IwassoastonishedthatIdidnotatfirstseewhatwasgoingonbythebrook;butwhenIdidlooktherewasasadsight;twofinehorsesweredown,onewasstrugglinginthestream,andtheotherwasgroaningonthegrass.Oneoftheriderswasgettingoutofthewatercoveredwithmud,theotherlayquitestill.

‘Hisneckisbroke,’saidmymother.‘Andservehimright,too,’saidoneofthecolts.Ithoughtthesame,butmymotherdidnotjoinwithus.‘Well,no,’shesaid,‘youmustnotsaythat;butthoughIamanoldhorse,and

haveseenandheardagreatdeal,Ineveryetcouldmakeoutwhymenareso

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fondofthissport;theyoftenhurtthemselves,oftenspoilgoodhorses,andtearupthefields,andallforahareorafox,orastag,thattheycouldgetmoreeasilysomeotherway;butweareonlyhorses,anddon’tknow.’

Whilemymotherwassayingthiswestoodandlookedon.Manyoftheridershadgonetotheyoungman;butmymaster,whohadbeenwatchingwhatwasgoingon,wasthefirsttoraisehim.Hisheadfellbackandhisarmshungdown,andeveryonelookedveryserious.Therewasnonoisenow;eventhedogswerequiet,andseemedtoknowthatsomethingwaswrong.Theycarriedhimtoourmaster’shouse.IheardafterwardthatitwasyoungGeorgeGordon,thesquire’sonlyson,afine,tallyoungman,andtheprideofhisfamily.

Therewasnowridingoffinalldirectionstothedoctor’s,tothefarrier’s,andnodoubttoSquireGordon’s,tolethimknowabouthisson.WhenMrBond,thefarrier,cametolookattheblackhorsethatlaygroaningonthegrass,hefelthimallover,andshookhishead;oneofhislegswasbroken.Thensomeonerantoourmaster’shouseandcamebackwithagun;presentlytherewasaloudbangandadreadfulshriek,andthenallwasstill;theblackhorsemovednomore.

Mymotherseemedmuchtroubled;shesaidshehadknownthathorseforyears,andthathisnamewas‘RobRoy’;hewasagoodhorse,andtherewasnoviceinhim.Sheneverwouldgotothatpartofthefieldafterward.

Notmanydaysafterweheardthechurch-belltollingforalongtime,andlookingoverthegatewesawalong,strangeblackcoachthatwascoveredwithblackclothandwasdrawnbyblackhorses;afterthatcameanotherandanotherandanother,andallwereblack,whilethebellkepttolling,tolling.TheywerecarryingyoungGordontothechurchyardtoburyhim.Hewouldneverrideagain.WhattheydidwithRobRoyIneverknew;but’twasallforonelittlehare.

1. A circumstance happened which I have never forgotten. a. Whatwasthecircumstance? b. Describetheweatherbeforetheaccident. c. WhatwasDarkie’smother’sreactiontotheshoot?

2. They have found a hare... a. Whoisthespeaker? b. Whofoundahare? c. Whydidtheywanttochaseandkillthehare?

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3. Describe the first place that Darkie remembered.

4. What are Darkie the colt’s memories of his master?

5. Match the columns to make collocations. Once done, make sentences of your own with each one of them.

a. have someone’seye

b. make asecret

c. take agoodtime

d. catch towar

e. keep someone’splace

f. go room

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20. Writing

1. Write an email to your friend telling her/him about your favourite book or movie. Describe how you happened to read/watch the same, who your favourite character is and what makes you like them so much.

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2. You have just been selected as a volunteer of the upcoming trip to the National Science Centre. Write an email to the Principal of your school thanking her/him for the opportunity.

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3. Write an essay on any one of the topics given below.

• A school trip • A day in my life • My favourite author

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Answer KeyWorksheet-1

1. a. The,the b. c. d. The e. The f. g. The h. The i. j. the k. 2. a. themountains b. Thecrimerate c. cakes d. food e. Thewater

Worksheet-2

1. a. any b. no c. afew;none d. some;a e. many f. all g. somany h. Alotof i. much 2.Free response.

Worksheet-3

1. Adjective Comparative Superlative

a. rude ruder rudest b. selfish moreselfish mostselfish c. strict stricter strictest d. tough tougher toughest e. polite politer politest f. good better best g. kind kinder kindest h. little less least i. quiet quieter quietest

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2. Free response. 3. Free response.

Worksheet-4

1. a. Thisisthebuildingthatwasbuiltlastyear.

b. Isthistheguitarwhichyouboughtyesterday?

c. Sheisthekindofpersonthatwillneverlie.

d. Isthatthedogthatbitthelittlechild?

e. Thebookfair,whichwentonforaweek,wasasuccess.

f. Theboy,whoiswearingaredcap,isherson.

g. Thewomanwhosepursewasstolencomplainedtothepolice.

h. Theteacherwhomyouweretalkingaboutismynextdoorneighbour.

2. a. that b. that c. who d. whose e. who 3.Free response.

Worksheet-5

1. a. Can b. might c. can d. couldnot e. can’t f. May 2.Free response.

Worksheet-6

1. a. During b. on c. in d. on e. until f. from;till/to g. on h. before;after i. in 2.Free response.

Worksheet-7

1. a. but b. so c. yet;So d. and e. yet

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2. a. Asfaras b. Although c. when d. assoonas e. sothat 3.Free response.

Worksheet-8

1.a. there:adverbofplace b. yesterday:adverboftime c. effortlessly:adverbofmanner d. always:adverboffrequency e. forhistrip:adverbofpurpose f. never:adverboffrequency g. tomorrow:adverboftime h. forthecake:adverbofpurpose i. soundly:adverbofmanner j. inthelab:adverbofplace 2.Free response.

Worksheet-9

1. a. OneofmyteachershasgonetoParis. b. Neitheroftheparticipantswasqualifiedfortherace. c. SharanyaandIwereatthelibrary. d. EitherTomorHarryisresponsibleforthis. e. Dogsaswellascatsstayhere. f. Oneofmystudentsismissingfromtheclass. 2.Free response.

Worksheet-10

1. a. imperative b. interrogative c. exclamatory d. declarative e. interrogative f. exclamatory g. imperative h. interrogative 2.Free response.

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Worksheet-11

1. a. NF b. NF c. NF d. NF e. NF f. NF g. NF h. NF i. F j. NF

2. a. gave;tosit

b. was;tosee

c. want;tobuy

d. bite;barking

e. is;toleave

f. is;tostart

g. waswearing

h. had;polished

i. got;repaired

j. went;finding

3. a. tocome b. toleave c. totake d. togo e. tobuy f. tostay g. Tolearn h. togive i. tomeet j. tosit

Worksheet-12

1. a. going b. driving c. doing d. found e. dancing f. talking g. washed h. waiting i. Looking j. stolen 2. a. reading b. Havingworked c. filled d. Nothavingseen e. Born f. Being g. Regretting h. done i. Havingparked j. Havingwatched 3.Free response.

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Worksheet-13

1. a. dancing b. singing c. playing d. swimming e. watching f. making g. travelling h. cooking 2. a. working b. tosee c. reading d. tolearn e. helping f. totalk g. laughing h. visiting i. studying j. living 3. a. P b. G c. P d. P e. G f. G g. P h. G

Worksheet-14

1. a. hadstarted b. hadlived c. hadeaten d. hadlistened e. hadleft f. hadfinished g. hadbeen h. hadmet i. hadforgotten j. hadstudied 2. a. Havetheyarrived b. hasrun c. havecleaned d. haveyouknown e. havedrunk f. havebaked. g. haveyoutaken h. haseaten i. hascooked j. havefinished 3. a. willhaveleft b. Willyouhavefinished c. willwehavedone d. willhavefinished e. willhaveread f. won’thavefinished g. willyouhavecompleted h. willhavearrived i. willhavebeen j. Willshehavegot

Worksheet-15

1. a. willgo b. willhelp c. rains d. learn

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e. wouldbuy f. wouldpass g. repaired h. sold i. wouldinvite j. is 2. Free response.

Worksheet-16

1. a. AV b. PV c. AV d. AV e. PV f. PV g. AV h. AV i. PV j. AV 2. a. PortugueseisspokeninBrazil. b. Anewroadisbeingplannednearmyhousebythegovernment. c. Thishousewasbuiltin1943bymygrandfather. d. GuernicawasbeingpaintedatthattimebyPicasso. e. Theofficehasbeencleanedbythecleaner. f. Threebookshadbeenwrittenbefore1867byhim. g. YouwillbetoldlaterbyJohn. h. thedealwouldhavebeensignedbythistimetomorrow. 3. a. Somebodyshoulddothework. b. ThetrafficmighthavedelayedJimmy. c. EverybodylovesMrBrown. d. Theyarebuildinganewstadiumnearthestation. e. Thewolfatetheprincess. f. Atsixo’clocksomeonewastellingastory. g. Somebodyhasdrunkallthemilk. h. Ihadcleanedallthewindowsbeforethestorm.

Worksheet-17

1. a. Johnsaidthathelovedthattown. b. Heaskedmeif/whetherIwassure. c. Hesaidthathecouldn’tdrivealorry. d. Heaskedmetobenicetomybrother. e. Heurgedmenottobenasty. f. Shetoldusnottowasteourmoney. g. Sheaskedhimwhathehaddecidedtodo. h. Hesaidthathealwayswokeupearly.

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i. Headvisedustoreviseonelessons. j. HewantedtoknowwhereIhadbeen. 2. a. Hesaid,‘Ilikethissong.’ b. ‘Whereisyoursister?’sheaskedme. c. ‘Idon’tspeakItalian,’shesaid. d. ‘SayhellotoJim,’theysaid. e. ‘Thefilmbeganatseveno’clock,’hesaid. f. ‘Don’tplayonthegrass,boys,’shesaid. g. ‘Wherehaveyouspentyourmoney?’sheaskedhim. h. ‘Inevermakemistakes,’hesaid. i. ‘DoessheknowRobert?’hewantedtoknow. j. ‘Don’ttrythisathome,’thestuntmantoldtheaudience.

Worksheet-18

1. a. Thebasketballmatchstartsat4:00pm. b. Thestoreclosesat9:15pm. c. Myunclesaid:‘Itisnotwisetostepoutinthedark.’ d. Iwokeupat6:30amtoday. e. Theexaminationshouldbeoverby12:00pm. f. Whatisitlikegoingtothebeachat5:30pm? g. Sandeepwantsthreethingstobakethecake:flour,eggsandbutter. h. Thetrainarrivedexactlyat11:09am. 2. a. Ilikechocolate;Idon’tlikewhitechocolate. b. HewenttoAustralialastyear;heworkedhardforthescholarship. c. Iloveplayingbadminton;Iboughtanewracquetyesterday. d. Mycatlovesplayingwiththeyarn;herunsaroundtheentireroomwithit. e. Thereweretwoofus;IspokeFrenchandmyfriendspokeSpanish. f. Inwinters,Igoskiing;itisalotoffun. g. Itdoesnotmatterwhoyouare;youshouldbehonest. h. Iloveeatingfruits;theyaremyfavourite.

19. Comprehension

1. a. Thecircumstancewasahuntduringwhichayoungmandied,afewhorseswereinjuredandadarkhorsenamedRobRoywaskilledbecausehehadbeencrippledbeyondhelpduringthehuntingexpedition.

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b. Theweather’sdescriptionforebodestheaccident.Eventhoughitisspring,therewasalittlefrostinthenight,andalightmiststillhungoverthewoodsandmeadows.

c. Darkie’smotherappearedtobequitetroubledandshenevervisitedtheareawheretheshootinghadhappenedagain.

2. a. Darkie’smotheristhespeaker. b. Thehoundsandthemeninthehuntingpartyfoundahare. c. Themenandthehoundswerepartofthehuntingparty.Theywantedtochaseandkilla

hareforthesakeofathrilling,pastimesport. 3. ThefirstplacethatDarkierememberedwasalargepleasantmeadowwithapondofclear

waterinit.Shadytreesleanedoverit,andrushesandwater-liliesgrewatthedeepend.Overthehedgeononesidewasaplowedfield,andontheotherwasagateathismaster’shouse,whichstoodbytheroadside.Atthetopofthemeadowwasagroveoffirtrees,andatthebottomwasarunningbrookoverhungbyasteepbank.

4. Thecolt’smemoriesofhismasterarethathewasagood,kindman.Hegavethemgoodfood,lodgingandspoketothemkindly.Heprotectedthemfromhostileandmeanpeople.AllthehorseswerefondofthemandDarkie’smotherlovedhimalot.

5. a. have d. someone’seye

b. make e. asecret

c. take a. agoodtime

d. catch f. towar

e. keep c. someone’splace

f. go b. room

20. Writing

Free response.

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Simply English GRAMMAR - saraswatihouse.com