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www.il oaiaby.arb

Rklic jgrc ls tgmco ta gjjurgtciy rcpartloear`gtlao, ZLIocws ls oat rcspaoslficear loear gtlao goh/ar ghvcrtlsc`cotspufilskch kcrclo goh hacs oat coharsc,

gppravc ar rcja``coh prahujts, prabrg sar aplolaos cxprcssch.

Uaiu`c 58 - Duoc 6>78

Lo Xkls Lssuc

@gtcrlgi ear tkc Hcjc`fcr 6>78

lssuc skauih fc scot ta tkc Chltar fy4

7 AJAFCV 6>78Hr. Vg`csk H. Buigtl

O7>>/Hcpgrt`cot ae Gqugtlj Cjaiaby

^ast Fax 3>

52>> GF Rgbcolobco

Xkc Octkcrigohs

Xci4 +:7.:72.82:.386

Egx4+:7.:72.82:.523

C-`gli4r.buigtlNolaa.mogw.oi

Jaotrlfutlaos ao ^J ear`gttch hlsm,

lo goy stgohgrh warh prajcssar ar

HAZ (GZJLL) tcxt, ar gs c-`gli

gttgjk`cots, wlii gsslst tkc Chltar.

@cssgbcs era aur rcslhcot goh Bcocrgi

Zcjrctgry ..............................................7-:

Afltugrlcs .............................................. 5

Vcparts ................................................7>

Gooauojc cots ..................................72

Faam Vcvlcws ...................................... 68

Chltars oatcKapc yau kgvc oatch tkc jkgobcs lo tkcZLI Zcjrctgrlgt tkgt fcjg`c ccjtlvc slojctkc igst trlcoolgi ZLI Jaobrcss gt Fuhgpcstlo Gubust igst ycgr. Xc glo jkgobcs lo tkcja`pasltlao ae Zcjrctgrlgt wcrc rcpartch lotkc ocwsicttcr5: tkgt wgs pastch ao tkc ZLIRcf pgbc lo Hcjc`fcr 6>7:. Xc wcf pgbcls uphgtch pcrlahljgiiy4 lt mccps yau loear`ch

wltk RB goh atkcr sjlcotlj cctlob rcparts,gooauojc`cots ae lotcrogtlaogi goh ogtlaogi`cctlobs goh sy`paslg, faam rcvlcws gohafltugrlcs. Xc ocwsicttcr strlvcs ta mccp yauloear`ch gfaut ZLIs sjlcotlj gjtlvltlcs, l.c.gii tkgt ls ocw goh kgppcolob uohcr tkc ZLIu`frciig. Fatk aur ocw ZLI rcslhcot Hr.\vcs rglrlc goh Bcocrgi Zcjrctgry Hr. g`grTakgry scoh sa`c l`partgot goh lotcrcstlob`cssgbcs ear aur rcghcrs. L tkcrcearc, kgvc puttkc` gt tkc stgrt ae tkc ocwsicttcr. Gisa, tkcrc lscojaurgblob ocws era` Hr. Dgjm Daocs, Chltar-

lo-jklce ae Loigoh Rgtcrs (LR).Xls Daurogikgs gircghy pljmch up qultc wcii goh pravlhcsgo uphgtc ao tkc jaotcots ae Uaiu`c 8 (Lssucs7, 6), wkljk hcgis wltk tkc rajcchlobs aeZLI Jaobrcss gt Fuhgpcst lo 6>7:, lojiuhlobgisa g jaupic ae pgpcrs c`crblob era` picogryicjturcs.Rc gisa wcija`c lo tkls ocwsicttcrsa`c ocws gfaut tkc rcjcotiy fgptlzch ZLIRB Gslg (RB Jkglrpcrsao Hr. Frld Bapgi),ta faast il`oaiaby lo Gslg. L g` gisa kgppyta gpprlsc yau tkgt L wgs gfic ta bct era`^gmlstgo sa`c ocws ear tkc rst tl`c. Ear tkls,L tkgom Hr. Vgkgt Dgfcco wka pravlhcs sa`c

lotcrcstlob loear`gtlao gfaut hlcrcot typcsae wgtcrfahlcs era` gmlstgo goh rcscgrjkpatcotlgi ear gqugtlj sjlcojcs hcvciaplob lo tkcocgr euturc. L tklom lo tkc upja`lob pcrlah`arc wlii ja`c era` Gslg, cspcjlgiiy Jklog,Marcg, Lohlg, goh goy atkcr Gslgo jauotrlcs.L g` sarry ta skgrc sa`c sgh ocws era`Vusslg, SZG goh Ergojc4 L kgvc lojiuhch tkrccafltugrlcs lo tkls ocwsicttcr.

L kapc aur RB jkglrpcrsaos wlii bct `yrcltcrgtch rcqucst ta jaotrlfutc arc aetco

tkgo sa egr ta tkc sjlcotlj gjtlvltlcs ae tkclrrcspcjtlvc warmlob braups. Kawcvcr, tkcloear`gtlao jaotgloch lo tkc prcscot ocwsictcspcjlgiiy lo tkc Gooauojc`cots scjtlao, skatkgt wc kgvc sa`c kcjtlj sjlcotlj gjtlvltlcsbalob ao lo tkc ear` ae upja`lob warmskapgoh sy`paslg fatk lo 6>78 goh g pgrt ae ocxycgr. Vcparts ao tkcsc cctlobs grc wcija`c tkc ocwsicttcr. wa faam rcvlcws gmc tkc st

ja`pictc.L wlsk aur rcghcrs g picgsgot su``cr

vgjgtlao pcrlah goh baah iujm wltk tkclrsjlcotlj pursults.

Vg`csk H. BuigtlChltar ZLIocws,r.buigtlNolaa.mogw.oi

@cssgbc era` tkc ZLI ^rcslhco

\vcs rglrlc

ZLI4 tkc ragh era` rcicvgot ta csscotlgiLo avcr twcoty-vc ycgrs gs go gjtlvc pgrtljlpglo sjlcotlj sajlctlcs, Lvc ercqucotiy eauoh`yscie qucstlaolob tkclr cxgjt raic gohrcicvgojc lo tkc hcvciap`cot ae aur sjlcojc.Ocvcr kgs tkc igohsjgpc lo wkljk lotcrog-tlaogi sjlcotlj sajlctlcs cvaivc fcco uohcrsujk prcssurc gs oaw, gs tkcy grc egjch wltk golotcrjaoocjtch warih wkcrc c`fcrs jgo fctatgiiy lohcpcohcot rcbgrhlob tkclr moawichbcgjqulsltlao, chujgtlaogi appartuoltlcs gohcxpcrlcojc skgrlob. Xls ls jaupich wltk gbrawlob ja`pctltlvc covlrao`cot bcocrgtch

fy tkc cxpgoslao ae ogtlaogi sajlctlcs aotatkc lotcrogtlaogi sjcoc goh tkc uitlpiljgtlaoae lostucotlgi valjcs aota tkc sjlcotlj pufiljspgjc. Kgvlob ta egjc tkc jkgoblob occhs ae ltjaostltucots, gssajlgtlaos grc earjch ta rchcotkclr lsslaos, kaw tkcy ja``uoljgtc wltkstgmckaihcrs, goh rst goh earc`ast, wkgt tkcuolquc vgiuc prapasltlao ls. Xls ZLI icghcrskrcjabolzcs tkcsc jkgiicobcs goh ls ja``lttchta tkc hcvciap`cot ae tkc sajlctys truiy uolqu`lsslao.

mailto:%20r.gulati%40nioo.knaw.nl?subject=mailto:r.gulati@nioo.knaw.nlmailto:r.gulati@nioo.knaw.nlmailto:%20r.gulati%40nioo.knaw.nl?subject=

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6Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Rc ha oat kgvc ta iaam vcry egr wkco gr lob aur lhcotlty. ZLIsawo og`c fcgrs tkrcc ae lts vltgi jkgrgjtcrlstljs. Elrst goh earc`ast,ZLI ls goh kgs giwgys fcco tkc aoc goh aoiy truiy lotcrogtlaogisajlcty, cotlrciy goh saiciy hcvatch ta il`oaiaby, goh tkls tkraubk lts`c`fcrsklp ae fatk euohg`cotgi rcscgrjkcrs goh gppilch sjlcotlsts.Xc uolquc jaoduojturc pcr`lttlob sjlcotlsts ae gii wgims ae aur cihgoh era` sa `goy jauotrlcs ta cobgbc, ja-jrcgtc goh skgrc moawichbc,pasltlaos ZLI gs tkc slobic `ast rcicvgot goh pawcreui biafgi valjc aoil`oaiabljgi lssucs. Gitkaubk ogtlaogi sajlctlcs `gy kgvc gsplrch ta

ajjupy tkgt spgjc lo rcspaosc ta tkc cvaiutlao ae tkclr `c`fcrsklp,goh `gy kgvc rcpasltlaoch tkc`scivcs fy gitcrlob tkclr frgoh, wcstraobiy fcilcvc lo vgiulob cgjk braups uolquc acrlobs goh rcloearjlobjaiigfargtlao g`aobst sjlcotlj sajlctlcs. G `arc uoltch valjc aeil`oaiaby ao tkc biafgi sjcoc jgo aoiy bcocrgtc pasltlvc rcsuits ear tkcprabrcss ae aur hlsjlpiloc, fut lt ls gisa l`partgot lo pigjcs wkcrc aurcxpcrtlsc ls `ast occhch4 ta skgrc loear`gtlao wltk goh chujgtc tkcjaojcroch pufilj gjtars, ta kcip bulhc icblsigtars lo tkc hcvciap`cot aesauoh covlrao`cotgi pailjlcs, goh ta pigy g `arc gjtlvc raic wltk lo-tcrogtlaogi oao-bavcro`cotgi arbgolzgtlaos jaojcroch wltk ercskwgtcrlssucs. ZLI kgs g jcotrgi raic ta pigy lo tkls4 fy earblob giilgojcs wltkatkcr ilmc-`lohch arbgolsgtlaos, fy arbgolzlob ar spaosarlob dalot`cctlobs wltk tkc`, goh fy fclob rcjabolzch gs tkc gutkarltgtlvc burcao ercskwgtcr lssucs ao tkc lotcrogtlaogi stgbc.

Rc grc gircghy pursulob sujk jaiigfargtlvc carts wltk GZIA,fcbloolob wltk tkc GZIA picogry gt tkc ZLI 6>7: `cctlob gohjaotloulob wltk tkc ZLI-spaosarch picogry gt tkclr upja`lobBrgoghg, Zpglo ocxt Ecfrugry. ZLI wlii gisa fc jaiigfargtlob `arcjiasciy wltk ogtlaogi gssajlgtlao `c`fcrs fy spaosarlob rcblaogi`cctlobs, sujk gs tkc upja`lob LZVIC rcblaogi `cctlob lo ZautkMarcg ocxt Gubust (scc gooauojc`cot lo tkls Ocwsicttcr). Rcwlii pufilsk picogry icjturcs ar spcjlgi lssucs c`gogtlob era` tkasc`cctlobs lo aur ZLI daurogi Loigoh Rgtcrsta cosurc g fraghcr hlssc`l-ogtlao ae rcblaogiiy eajusch il`oaiabljgi rcscgrjk. ZLI ls gisa tgmlobstcps ta dalo lotcrogtlaogi arbgolzgtlaos. Xraubk eastcrlob tkcsc pgrt-

ocrsklps, wc grc ja``lttch ta fulihlob ghhch vgiuc ear aur `c`fcrs.Zcjaoh, L kgvc giwgys vlcwch ZLI jaobrcsscs gs tkc Aiy`pljbg`cs ae il`oaiaby, g pcrlahlj plibrl`gbc ae tkc biafgi il`oaiabl-jgi ja``uolty. Xls ls g brcgt trghltlao tkgt occhs ta fc `glotglochgoh rcloearjch ear `goy rcgsaos. Lt ls g frlhbc fctwcco gii warihs gohfctwcco vcry hlcrcot il`oaiabljgi scttlobs. Ear cxg`pic, wc moawja`pgrgtlvciy vcry ilttic gfaut igmcs tkgt grc csscotlgiiy rcsct ao gogoougi fgsls fy tkc `aosaaos, yct tkls ls go l`partgot hrlvcr lo gigrbc scjtlao ae tkc warih. Ilmc lt ar oat, aur vlslao ae igmcs tkraubkaur awo cih warm ar tkraubk tkc pufilskch iltcrgturc ls stlii kcgvliyjaiarch fy igmcs era` tkc tc`pcrgtc goh farcgi fla`cs. Xls flgs lsoat lotcotlaogi= lt ls sl`piy tkc rcsuit ae tkc ogturgi bcabrgpkljgi erg`cwc l`pasc ta `gmc scosc ae tkc hlvcrslty ae igmcs grauoh us goh ae

tkc prajcsscs rcbuigtlob tkc`. Fut lt gisa hcocs ta sa`c cxtcot wkgtjaostltutcs g rcprcscotgtlvc igmc4 lts tkc gvcrgbc igmc wc stuhy lo aurawo il`oaiabljgi fgjmygrh. Xc oaw hceuojt Ucrkgohiuobco scrvchtkc l`partgot purpasc ae pcr`gocotiy prcscrvlob hgtg goh moawichbcera` uohcr-stuhlch systc`s goh era` gii jarocrs ae tkc warih. Lo tkcgbc ae loear`gtlao avcriagh, `c`fcrs iaam ta tkclr sajlcty ta gbbrcbgtcloear`gtlao, jurgtc lt, gttcst ta lts vgilhlty, goh hlssc`logtc lt ccjtlvciy.Xc ^rajcchlobs `gy fc baoc fut tkc uohcriylob occh rc`glos, gohZLI kgs g raic ta pigy kcrc gs wcii lo `gmlob sujk aut-ae-tkc-`glo-strcg` fahy ae moawichbc gvgligfic ta tkc fraghcr ja``uolty. ZLI lsiaamlob gt hlcrcot gitcrogtlvcs ear euiiilob tkc sg`c purpasc uslob

`ahcro tcjkoaiabljgi taais gvgligfic tahgy. Xc biafgi ZLI ja``uowlii fc gsmch ta jaotrlfutc ta tkls cart lo tkc ocgr euturc goh tkcZajlcty wlii try ta `glotglo tkc hciljgtc fgigojc fctwcco hgtg qugilty,qugotlty goh bcabrgpklj javcrgbc.

Igstiy ear tkls ocwsicttcr, L wauih ilmc ta c`pkgslzc tkc occh earZLI ta hcvciap g `arc rafust chujgtlao prabrg` lo il`oaiaby, goh thlspcosc lt wkcrc lt ls `ast occhch. Aoc ae tkc jarc `gohgtcs ae ZLIls ta pra`atc tkc sjlcojc ae il`oaiaby lo gii grcgs ae tkc warih. Futbaah sjlcojc fcblos wltk baah trglolob goh ZLI ls oaw hcvciaplobgoh spaosarlob spcjlgilzch jaurscs lo il`oaiaby lo vgrlaus grcgs ae tkwarih. Xls ls gisa go cxjciicot wgy ta lotrahujc tkc ocxt bcocrgtlaoae il`oaiablsts ta tkc ZLI ja``uolty. Xc ocxt sujk ZLI spaosarchil`oaiaby jaursc wlii tgmc pigjc lo Frgzli tkls ja`lob Duiy (earloear`gtlao, jaotgjt Ucrg Kuszgr - vkuszgrNbfi.ja`.fr= scc gisa tkcGooauojc`cot ciscwkcrc lo tkls Ocwsicttcr) fut tkcrc wlii fc goy

`arc lo tkc ja`lob `aotks. Rc wcija`c subbcstlaos ear jaurscs (cjaurscs, icjturc fgsch, wcflogrs, cIcjturcs ar cvco @AAJs) fatk gstapljs goh iajgtlao.

Xc gfavc sl`piy scrvch gs g rc`lohcr ae wkgt sa`c ae tkc jarcgoh uolquc vgiucs ae ZLI grc. Kawcvcr, tkc sajlcty occhs ta jaotlouclts cvaiutlao lo g `goocr tkgt ls fatk jaoslstcot wltk tkcsc jarc vgiucfut gisa mccplob pgjc wltk tkc egst jkgoblob igohsjgpc ae aur cih gotkc cxpcjtgtlaos ae aur `c`fcrsklp. Lt ls tkc ragh ZLI `ust trgvci ta era` rcicvgot ta csscotlgi.

^icgsc ecci ercc ta jaotgjt us ear goy subbcstlaos yau gy kgvc.

\vcs rglrlc^rcslhcot, Lotcrogtlaogi Zajlcty ae Il oaiaby (ZLI)prglrlc.yvcsNuqg`.jg

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:Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

Cojaurgbc yaur stuhcots goh yauob jaiicgbucs

ta dalo ZLI! (G `cssgbc era aur ZLI Bcocrgi Zcjrctgry)ZLI wlii jcicfrgtc lts 7>>tkflrtkhgy saao, lo 6>66.Lt ls g gturc sajlctywltk g straob trghltlao aeeastcrlob goh pra`atlobrcscgrjk lo Il oaiaby,

goh wauih ilmc ta jaotloucta fc sa lota tkc euturc.Fut tahgy, `arc tkgo cvcrfcearc, lt occhs g ocwbcocrgtlao ae sjlcotlsts.

Vcjrultlob gyauob bcocrgtlao aeZLI `c`fcrs ls ZLIsjurrcot prl gry bagi.ZLI hcpcohs ao yau, tkclohlvlhugi ZLI c`fcr,ta gsslst lo aftglolob tklsl`partgot bagi.

Rkgt wauih yau tcii yaur stuhcots goh yauob jaiicgbucs ta jaovlojc tkc` tadalo ZLI1

ZLI ls tkc slobic, ast l`partgot lotcrogtlaogi sajlcty ae praecsslaogiil`oaiablsts wltk g trghltlao ae ocgriy 7>> ycgrs.

ZLI jaoecrcojcs grc pgrtljuigriy usceui ear `cctlob jaiicgbucs, eciiawstuhcots, goh oatgfic il`oaiablsts, prcscotlob rcscgrjk ohlobs, gohicgrolob ta fcja`c go gjtlvc, lostucotlgi sjlcotlst.

ZLI jaoecrcojcs wlii fc kcih cvcry twa ycgrs, lostcgh ae cvcry : ycgrs oaw,stgrtlob era` tkc 6>75 Jaobrcss lo arloa, Ltgiy aowgrhs.

ZLI acrs sjkaigrsklps ta stuhcots, ta gsslst tkc` lo ogojlob tkclr

pgrtljlpgtlao lo ZLI jaobrcsscs. ZLIs pccr-rcvlcwch daurogi, Loigoh Rgtcrs, ls go cxjciicot autict ear

pufilsklob yaur sjlcotlj warms (scc arc gfaut tkc Daurogi lo tkcscjaoh jaiu`o ao tkls pgbc ae tkls Ocwsicttcr).

^ufilsklob apco gjjcss lo Loigoh Rgtcrsls jaoslhcrgfiy jkcgpcr tkgo lo`ast atkcr daurogis goh ls cvco arc cjaoa`ljgi ear ZLI c`fcrs tkgoear oao-`c`fcrs.

Fclob g ZLI `c`fcr iaams wkaicsa`c ao yaur JU.

Lo g spcjlgi acr ta stuhcots goougi ZLI c`fcrsklp oaw jasts aoiySZ$ 3! (ja`pgrch wltk $% hlsjauot ao tkclr ZLI`c`fcrsklp ear tkc rst 3 ycgrs getcr ja`pictlob tkclr stuhlcs.

Za picgsc, ba gkcgh, tgim ta yaur stuhcots goh yauob jaiicgbucs tahgy,goh hlrcjt tkc` ta c le tkcy occh goy arc loear`gtlao.

g`gr TakgryZLIs Bcocrgi Zcjrctgry rcgsurcrtg`grzNajcgo.arb.li

Gooauojc`cot, Loigoh Rgtcrs Uai. 8 (7 goh 6)Xc jaotcot ae Loigoh Rgtcrs Uaiu`c 8 (lssucs 7 goh 6, ilstch fciaw)ls gvgligfic ta ZLI `c`fcrs era` www.efg.arb.um/daurogis/lohcx.pkp/LR/lohcx. Xcsc lssucs lojiuhc : picogry icjturcs era` tkc Jaobrcsslo Fuhgpcst (Gubust 6>7:)= tapljs lojiuhc g arpkaiabljgi gogiysls aepkytapigomtao (Ogsciil-Eiarcs), l`pgjt ae jil`gtc wgr`lob lo Curapcgowgtcrs (Hamuili), goh tkc rcuoltlob ae il`oaiaby goh ajcgoabrgpkylo rcspaosc ta biafgi jkgobc (Hawolob). Xc lssucs gisa lojiuhc 7/pgbc gppilcs ear ZLI`c`fcrs ar $723/pgbc ear oao`c`fcrs. Xc jkgrbc ear pufilsklob gstgohgrh grtljic lo Apco Gjjcss ls $7>>/pgbc ear ZLI c`fcrs ar $7:3/pgbc ear oao`c`fcrs. Xls pgbc jkgrbc gppilcs era` pgbc 7. VcscgrjkFrlces (963>> warhs) gutkarch fy ZLI `c`fcrs grc pufilskch ercc aejkgrbc goh gs apco gjjcss l``chlgtciy. Vcscgrjk frlces fy oao`c`fcrswlii fc jkgrbch gs g rcbuigr grtljic. Xc rst ar jarrcspaohlob gutkarae tkc grtljic ust fc go ZLI `c`fcr ta fc cilblfic ear tkc c`fcrhlsjauot. Fcja`lob go ZLI c`fcr ls cgsy (scc www.il oaiaby.arbarjaotgjt Hcolsc Dakosao gt 9sliajc778)

Grtljics

Rgtcr qugilty l`piljgtlaos era tkrcc hcjghcs ae pkaspkarus iaghs gohtrapklj hyog ljs lo tkc \gkgrg jkglo ae igmcsVljkgrh J Igtkrap, Ztcpkco V Jgrpcotcr

Cutrapkljgtlao rcvcrscs wkaic-igmc jgrfao fuhbctsEcilpc Zlquclrg ^gjkcja, Egfla Vaigoh, Dako G. Hawolob

^rchljtlob l`pgjts ae go lovghlob japcpah fy cjaiabljgi gsscss`cot lotkc gol gis ogtlvc rgobcMgri C Kgvcos, Dako V Fcgvcr

Ugrlgtlaos lo schl cot arbgolj jgrfao fctwcco hlcrcot typcs ae s`giiogturgi paohs giaob Hrurlhbc Fgy, Oartku`fcrigoh, SM^ctcr Dako Blifcrt, Zjatt gyiar, Hgvlh Jaamc, @grtlo Jaamc, @ljkgci Dcrlcs

http://www.limnology.org/mailto:siloffice1922@gmail.commailto:jonesj@missouri.edumailto:davidh@waikato.ac.nzmailto:davidh@waikato.ac.nzmailto:jonesj@missouri.edumailto:siloffice1922@gmail.comhttp://www.limnology.org/

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8Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

@ctkgoc jyjilob hyog`ljs lo schl`cots ae Gigsmgo Grjtlj EaatkliiigmcsMrlstco G. Frctz, Ztcpkco J. Rkgico

Vcigtlaosklps fctwcco igmc trgospgrcojy, tkcr`ajiloc hcptk, gohschl cot axybco hc`goh lo Grjtlj igmcsMcooctk Eartloa, Ztcpkco J Rkgico, Jahy V Dakosao

Flagjju uigtlao ae ljrajystlos lo tkc eaah wcf4 g cih stuhy ae eaurZwchlsk igmcsHgolci Igrsao, Buooci Gkibrco, Cvg Rliio

^icogry Icjturcs@arpkaiabljgi gogiysls ae pkytapigomtao gs g taai ta gsscss cjaiabljgistgtc ae gqugtlj cjasystc`s4 tkc jgsc ae Igmc Grgojla, Zljliy, LtgiyIulbl Ogsciil-Eiarcs

L`pgjt ae jil`gtc wgr`lob ao Curapcgo loigoh wgtcrs@grtlo Hamuili

Uai 8, Lssuc 6 (6>78)

GrtljicsKaiajcoc pgicail`oaiabljgi jkgobcs ae Igmc Aygma-lmc lo tkc ZaygMglbgo ae Cgst GotgrjtljgBcoml @gtsu`ata, Clsumc Kaohg, Madl Zcta, \umloarl gol, gmgklraRgtgogfc, Zkudl Aktgol, Mgaru Mgskl`g, askla Ogmg`urg, Zgtaskl L`urg

G iaob-tcr` stuhy ae tkc egjtars tkgt lostucojc ja pasltlaogi stgflilty aestrcg` lovcrtcfrgtcsVljkgrh @grjkgot, Dako Hcgo

^kaspkarus corljk`cot ae tkc ailbatrapklj Vlvcr Vchc (Oartku`fcr-igoh, SM) kgs oa ccjt ao pcrlpkytao brawtk rgtcZtcpkgolc Dgoc @jJgii, @ljkgci Dako Fawcs, goyg G Rgroggrs, @ljkciic ZKgic, Dg`cs Z`ltk, Gigo Rgrwljm, Jyrli Fgrrctt

^kytapigomtao gfsarptlao goh tkc jkiarapkyii gspcjlj gfsarptlaojacjlcot lo hyog lj Aoaohgbg Igmc

@gryBgli crmlos, Ztcvco R Ccr, Jkrlstapkcr @ Ztrglt

Gitcrgtlaos lo tkc pkata locrgilzgtlao ae giiajktkaoaus HA@ rcigtch tacicvgtch gt`aspkcrlj JA6Hlog @ Iccjk, @gttkcw Zoyhcr, Vafcrt Rctzci

Cvgiugtlob g egst kcghspgjc ctkah ear cgsurlob HLJ goh sufscqucotjgijuigtlao ae pJA

6lo ercskwgtcr systc`s

Dgofcrb, @grjus F Rgiilo

Cvgiugtlao ae c`plrljgi ahcis jaupich wltk CSVA@AH ear wgtcrqugilty prchljtlao lo Mgosgs rcscrvalrsIlohscy @ Rlttkgus, Ugi K Z`ltk, Fcilohg Z@ Ztur , Chwgrh Jgrocy

^grtltlaolob tkc jaotrlfutlaos ae locrabcolj pgrtljics goh flascstao tapgrtljuigtc pkaspkarus goh turflhltyZtcvco R Ccr, Gotkaoy V ^rcstlblgja`a, Ecob ^cob, Vgmcsk Bcihg, Hgvlh

G @gttkcws

Kaw hacs lotcrgoougi trapklj vgrlgflilty jgusch fy vcrtljgi wgtcr lxlgcjt rcprahujtlao goh papuigtlao hcoslty ae tkc Hgpkolg iaoblsplogbraup lo Igmc Lsca, g hccp strgtlch igmc lo Ltgiy1Fgrfgrg Icaol, Ictlzlg Bgrlfgihl, Vg`csk Buigtl

Vghlajcslu` jaotg`logtlao ae igmc schl`cots goh sk eaiiawlob tkcEumuskl g oujicgr gjjlhcot goh tkclr pgrtltlao jacjlcotgmcklma Eumuskl`g, Klrayuml Grgl

Gsslbolob kyhrabco, jgrfao, goh oltrabco lsatapc vgiucs ear pkytapigotao goh tcrrcstrlgi hctrltus lo gqugtlj eaah wcf stuhlcsJgrai \gob, Brgjc @ Rlimlosao, Daogtkgo D Jaic, Ztcpkco G @gjma,

@ljkgci I gjc

Iaw hlsturfgojcs egvar stcghy stgtc4 jgsc ae jygoafgjtcrlgi aoaha`l-ogojc lo g Frgzlilgo jagstgi igbaao

@cilssg B Fgptlstg, Frlblttc Olxhare

^icogry IcjturcIl`oaiaby goh ajcgoabrgpky4 twa cstrgobch twlos rcuoltlob fy biafgjkgobc

Dako G Hawolob

Frlgo @ass kaoaurch fy tkc LKC, Hciet, Xkc Octkcrigohs - G frlce

Vcpart

Lotrahujtlao ae ^rae. Frlgo @ass fy ^rae. Mco

Lrvloc, raecssar ae Gqugtlj Cjasystc`s gt

SOCZJA-LKC, Hciet, Xkc OctkcrigohsIghlcs goh Bcotic`co, eciiaw gjghc`ljs, hlboltgrlcs, goh pgrtljuigriy,tahgys brghugtcs ae SOCZJA-LKC, lt ls `y prlvlicbc ta pravlhc tkciguhgtlao ear rae Frglo @ass. Cspcjlgiiy moawo ear kls rcscgrjk ao tkoutrlcot corljk`cot ae skgiiaw igmcs tkraubk go cjasystc` gppragjk,kls warm kgs javcrch gii pgrts ae tkc biafc, igmcs gs wcii gs rlvcrs, goh tigohsjgpcs tkgt skgpc tkc`.

Iguhgtla ls Igtlo cgolob prglsc ar g trlfutc. Lt jgo gisa cgogpprcjlgtlao, gjjigl rcjaboltlao, ja``cohgtlao ar cvco,sl piy g baah warh.

Za, ^raecssar @ass, L wauih ilmc ta acr yau sa`c baah warhs-sa`c baah warhs ao yaur losplrlob tcgjklob, ae uohcrbrghugtcs,

past-brghugtcs, goh eciiaw sjlcotlsts ta uohcrstgoh tkraubk sjkaigrsklpoat aoiy igmcs goh atkcr wgtcr fahlcs, fut tkclr jaoocjtlao ta tkcigohsjgpc. Xc sl`pic rcgilty tkgt gii tklobs grc lohcch jaoocjtch, gohyaur jurlaslty goh hchljgtlao ta uohcrstgoh kaw tklobs warm.

Za`c baah warhs gfaut yaur scgrjk ear moawichbc goh tkc `crltae jkgiicoblob tkc stgtus qua= oat gjjcptlob ao egjc vgiuc tkc oalsc aegh lolstrgtlvc systc`s, ar tkc rkctarlj ae vcstch lotcrcsts. a kgvc go lgoh tcst lt, tkraubk jgrceui afscrvgtlao-goh cxpcrl`cot, lo tkc igfargtagoh gt tkc sjgic ae wkaic igmcs. Lo gsmlob tkc rlbkt qucstlaos, ear cxg`pgfaut tkc passlfic ccjts ae jil`gtc jkgobc goh jrcgtlob igrbc authaargoh tc`pcrgturc jaotraiich csajas`s ta tcst tkasc lhcgs.

Za`c baah warhs ao yaur fcilce tkgt saiutlaos ta covlrao`cotgiprafic`s grc oat eauoh aoiy lo tkc pgbcs ae icgroch sjlcotlj daurogis,fut tkraubk ccjtlvc ja``uoljgtlao ta wlhcr guhlcojcs ta kcip uohcstgohlob goh gpprcjlgtlao ae tkc ogturgi warih. Ja``uoljgtlob kaw

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3Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

jurrcot gogbc`cot ae paiiutlao, igohsjgpcs goh pailtljgi systc`s occhta tgmc gjjauot ae cjaiaby le wc grc ta oh tkc saiutlaos ta aur wljmchcovlrao`cotgi prafic`s.

Za`c baah warhs ao kaw yau iaam ta klstary ta oh saiutlaos tatkc euturc, goh ta grt goh iltcrgturc ta oh syocrblcs wltk sjlcojc earhcilvcrlob sjlcotlj rcsuits. Kaw yau ja``uoljgtc yaur moawichbc lolosplrlob, aetco usugi, wgys

Vcjaboltlao ae yaur gjklcvc`cots kgs ja`c era` goy qugrtcrs.Lt kgs ja`c era yaur brcgt tcxt faams ao Ercskwgtcr Cjaiaby, goh tkcOareaim Fraghs.

Vcjaboltlao kgs ja`c era gwgrhs lojiuhlob Hlstlobulskch

Ileciaob Jaotrlfutlao ta tkc Xcary goh ^rgjtljc ae Il`oaiabyXc Zajlcty ae Lotcrogtlaogi Il`oaiaby Gubust Xlcoc`gooClogrOgu`go @chgi ear yaur jaotrlfutlao ta tkc sufdcjt.

Xc Frltlsk Cjaiabljgi Zajlcty @grsk Faam ae tkc \cgr ear yaur faamIlfcrgtlao Cjaiaby, ltscie tkc rcsuit ae go gwgrh fy Xc LotcrogtlaogiCjaiaby Lostltutc.

@arc rcjcotiy, yau cvco `gogbch ta fc tkc Icgh Haufic Fgss lo tkcZautkpart Arjkcstrg, wkcrc yau scc` ta prcecr ta trgvci kapcicssiy tkgogrrlvc.

Fut, yau kgvc grrlvch kcrc, gt tkc 6>78 Brghugtlao aeSOCZJA-LKC ta gjjcpt goatkcr gjjaighc gs Kaoargry Eciiawsklp

ae tkc Lostltutc.Za, ^raecssar @ass, L g hcilbktch tkgt yau gjjcptch tkls gwgrh goh

vcry `ujk iaam earwgrh ta tkc lostltutcs brghugtcs goh stg fcocttlobera` yaur losplrlob sjlcojc goh yaur cxtrgarhlogry loslbkt.

Xgom yauMcooctk Lrwlo ^raecssar ae CjaiabySOCZJA LKC, Hciet, Xc Octkcrigohs

66oh

Gprli, 6>78

Rarmlob Braup ao Loigoh Rgtcrs ae Xrapljgi GslgEar vgrlaus rcgsaos, `gloiy cjaoa`lj, vcry ecw lohlvlhugis era` Gslgogoh Gerljgo jauotrlcs grc `c`fcrs ae tkc ZLI. ZLI kgs `ghc `goycarts ta l`pravc rcscgrjk goh trglolob lo vgrlaus cihs ae purc gohgppilch il`oaiaby lo tkcsc jauotrlcs. ZLI gisa cohcgvaurs ta cokgojcja``uoljgtlao goh cxjkgobc ae loear`gtlao g`aob tkc rcscgrjkcrslo jauotrlcs wkljk grc oat yct ghcqugtciy rcprcscotch wltklo tkcZLI eg`liy. Lo g `gdar stcp, ZLI hcjlhch ta rchujc tkc `c`fcrsklpsufsjrlptlaos ta $SZ 3 ear stuhcots rcblstcrch ear g hcbrcc fut yct oatkgvlob aftgloch lt. Ear tkrcc ycgrs past-^k.H., sufsjrlptlaos wlii fcicvlch gt kgie ae tkc euii rgtc.

Eurtkcr, gt tkc igst Il`oaiaby Jaobrcss kcih lo Fuhgpcst (Gubust6>7:), tkc ZLI Cxcjutlvc Ja``lttcc gjjcptch g prapasgi ear g

Rarmlob Braup ao Loigoh Rgtcrs ae rapljgi Gslg wltklo ZLI. XcRarmlob Braup wlii fc jaarhlogtch ear tkc prcscot fy tkc Jcotrc earLoigoh Rgtcrs lo Zautk Gslg tkraubk g Ja``lttcc ear pigoolob gohl`pic`cotlob lts gjtlvltlcs. Xc ZLI kgs gisa gbrcch ta coharsc gohspaosar g scrlcs ae Zkart-cr rglolob Jaurscs(7-6 wccms) aovgrlaus tapljs, ta fc arbgolsch fy tkc Rarmlob Braup. Rklic ZLIls oat gfic ta ogojlgiiy suppart tkcsc jaurscs, lt wlii coharsc gohsuppart rcqucsts ear euohs era` hlcrcot saurjcs, lojiuhlob prapasgisear suppart era` tkc aoaiil Euoh.

Xc `c`fcrsklp ae tkc Rarmlob Braup ls apco ta gii lohlvlhugistkraubkaut Gslg lrrcspcjtlvc ae tkclr `c`fcrsklp lo ZLI. Kawcvcr,cvcry aoc ls cojaurgbch ta dalo ZLI gs saao gs passlfic. Xcrc ls oa`c`fcrsklp ecc ear dalolob tkc Rarmlob Braup fut tkc Ja``lttcc`gy hlsjuss tkc aptlaos ear rglslob ghcqugtc rcsaurjcs ear tkceuojtlaolob ae tkc Braup. Xc Rarmlob Braup pigos ta kgvc g ecwkuohrch `c`fcrs era` wltklo Gslg fy tkc coh ae 6>78. Xc wcfsltcae tkc Jcotrc ear Loigoh Rgtcrs lo Zautk Gslg (www.gqugrljcjasys-tc`s.arb/) wlii kast tkc Rarmlob Braup goh lts gjtlvltlcs.

Gs g rst stcp, g s gii Jaarhlogtlao Ja` lttcc ls fclobjaostltutch. Xc Ja``lttcc wlii jaoslst ae gfaut 63 pcrsaos satkgt `ast ae tkc jauotrlcs goh sufdcjt grcgs grc rcprcscotch. XcJa``lttcc wlii gisa lojiuhc g ecw `c`fcrs era` autslhc Gslg wkakgvc gjtlvciy jaotrlfutch ta tkc rcblao. Xc l``chlgtc tgsms fcearc tkc

Ja``lttcc grc (g) ta coraii gs `goy rcscgrjkcrs yauob goh aih gspasslfic era` gii Gslgo jauotrlcs, (f) ta hlsjuss gjtlvltlcs wkljk occhta fc tgmco up eartkwltk (tap prlarlty) ao g rcblaogi fgsls (gt icgst :-8jauotrlcs), (j) ta lhcotley patcotlgi saurjcs ae euohlob ear tkc RBgjtlvltlcs/pradcjts, (h) ta lhcotley lostltutlaos lo hlcrcot jauotrlcswkljk grc wliilob ta dalo tkc octwarm goh jaiigfargtc lo arbgolslob tkcgjtlvltlcs, goh (c) ta lhcotley lohlvlhugis wka grc wliilob ta skgrc tkcwarm ae tkc Rarmlob Braup. Lohlvlhugis wka kgvc gircghy gbrcch tadalo tkc Rarmlob Braup goh scrvc ao tkc Jaarhlogtlao Ja` lttccgrc ilstch fciaw.

@c`fcrs ae ZLI era` tkc Gslgo jauotrlcs goh gii tkasc wltk

Frlgo @ass blvlob g tgim fcearc fclob jaoecrrch g eciiaw ae tkc LKJ, Hciet.

Frlgo @ass (Icet) oaw Kaoargry Eciiaw ae tkc LKC Jcotrc gt Hciet.

http://www.aquaricecosystems.org/http://www.aquaricecosystems.org/http://www.aquaricecosystems.org/http://www.aquaricecosystems.org/

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5Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

jurrcot ar pgst lotcrcst lo tkc rcblao grc rcqucstch ta dalo tkc RarmlobBraup goh gjtlvciy kcip us warm ta `cct lts afdcjtlvcs. Zubbcstlaosear tkc strujturlob, euojtlaolob goh gjtlvltlcs ae tkc Rarmlob Braupgrc gisa wcija`ch. Lohlvlhugis grc rcqucstch ta ja``uoljgtc tkclrghhrcsscs, c`gli LHs, cxpcrlcojc, grcgs ae lotcrcst goh ilst ae pufiljg-tlaos (prcecrgfiy jurrcot JU) fy c`gli ta jlwsg.olcNb`gli.ja .

Lohlvlhugis ao tkc Ja``lttcc

^rae. G. . Zkgr`g (Lohlg)Hr @gigvlmg Jkgukgo (Lohlg)^rae. \. Vgobgrchhy (Lohlg)^rae. ^rgmgsk Ogutlygi (Lohlg)^rae. V.M. Zlokg (Lohlg)^rae. .U. Vg`gjkgohrg (Lohlg)^rae. @. Gruogjkgig (Lohlg)^rae. Zufahk Zkgr`g (Ocpgi)Hr Dgtl Zkgrlp (@gigyslg)^rae. rl Rlhygota (Lohaocslg)^rae. Zgosgocc Jkaawgcw (Xgligoh)

^rae. @gskkar @gosar (@gigyslg)^rae. Rgo @gzogk Rgo A`gr (@gigyslg)^rae. Z.Z.Z. Zgr`g (@cxlja)Hr V.H.Z. ^gpg (^klilpplocs)Hr Ogdg Mkursklh (^gmlstgo)Hr Vgkgt Ogdg (^gmlstgo)^rae. Vcblogih Uljtar (A`go)Hr. @gig H. G`grslobkc (Zrl Igomg)

Hr C.L.I. Zlivg (Zrl Igomg)Hr V.H. Buigtl (Octkcrigohs)

^rae. Frld BapgiJkglr`go, ZLI Rarmlob Braup

Afltugrlcs

Lo @c`arlg`4 Gicmscy Bkligrav wka hlch ao tkc

6>tkae Ajtafcr 6>7:, gbch 2>.

Gicmscy @crmurcvljk Bkligrav wgs aoc ae tkc mcy burcs lo Vusslgocjaiaby lo bcocrgi, goh gqugtlj cjaiaby lo pgrtljuigr. @goy Vusslgoflaiablsts icgroch cjaiaby fy rcghlob kls pgpcrs goh faams ao, c.b.

^apuigtlao Cjaiaby (Bkligrav, 7

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2Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

goh scjaoh hcbrcc ae Hajtar ae Zjlcojcs (H.Zj.) lo 7

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;Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Afltugry Ergojalsc BGZZCRc grc vcry sgh ta jaovcytkc eaiiawlob sgh ocwstkgt Ergoalsc BGZZC, aurjaiicgbuc goh aur erlcoh,pgssch gwgy ao Gprli 66tk,6>78.

Ergoalsc BGZZC,

pgicaflaiablst, spcjlgilstae Hlgta`s, pgicajil`g-taiablst goh pgicakyhraia-blst hchljgtch kcr sjlcotljrcscgrjk ta tkc stuhy aeigjustrloc schl`cots gohigmc wgtcrs. Zkc loltlgtchplaoccrlob rcscgrjkcs lo arhcrta rcjaostrujt Wugtcrogryjil`gtcs goh Covlrao`cotslo Zgkgrg goh Zgkci, lo Cgst Gerljg (Ctklaplg), lo @ghgbgsjgr, lowcstcro goh sautk Gslg (Jgsplgo Zcg, lfct), goh lo tkc @lhhic Cgst(Icfgoao). Xc prcscot moawichbc ae tkc grlh zaocs pgicajil`gtaiaby

ls fgsch ao kcr warms ao igmcs goh pgica-igmcs ae tkcsc rcblaos. Aoc aekcr mcy jaotrlfutlaos kgs fcco ta hcvciap tkc usc ae hlgta` hlstrlfu-tlao ta qugotley kaw igmc prapcrtlcs sujk gs hcptk goh sgilolty kgvccvaivch tkraubk tl`c. Kcr rcscgrjk ja``aoiy lotcbrgtch hlgta` gohlsataplj hgtg goh ls jkgrgjtcrlzch fy fatk lts sapklstljgtch uohcrstgoh-lob ae tkc l`partgojc ae fgslo kyhrabca`arpkaiaby lo pgicajil`gtljlotcrprctgtlao goh tkc prcjlslao ae kcr tgxaoa`y ae hlgta`s. Xcl`pgjt goh qugilty ae kcr jgrccr grc goh wlii rc`glo cxc`pigry. Zkcwgs tkc rst wa`go ta rcjclvc tkc Ucbg @chgi lo Baih gwgrhch lo6>>3 fy tkc Zwchlsk Zajlcty ear Gotkrapaiaby goh Bcabrgpky. Lo6>7>, skc wgs gwgrhch tkc Kgos Acsjkbcr @chgi ae tkc CurapcgoSolao ae Bcasjlcojcs ear kcr jaotrlfutlao ta tkc rcjaostrujtlao aejil`gtc vgrlgflilty hurlob tkc Kaiajcoc. Kcr igst jaotrlfutlao tatkcDaurogi ae gicail`oaiaby(Dgougry 6>78) wgs go uitl`gtc trlfutcta tkc hcscrts Vc`lolsjcojcs goh gjmoawichb`cots era` g iavcr ae

hcscrts ocgr tkc coh ae kcr praecsslaogi ilec. Kcr erlcohiy goh hlsjrctcgutkarlty, kcr rghlgot s`lic goh kcr jicvcrocss wlii rc`glo lo aur`c`arlcs.

Hr Eiarcojc ZyivcstrcsyivcstrcNjcrcbc.er, Uljc-Hlrcjtar ae JCVCB^rae. Oljaigs XauvcoytkauvcoyNjcrcbc.er, Hlrcjtar ae JCVCBCJCVCBC Glx-co-^ravcojc (Ergojc)

VcecrcojcsGhg sao HG, Bgssc E, Ztrcct EG, Rliilg s @GD (7) Igtcqugtcrogry klstary ae tkc Olic. Ogturc 6;243>33

Fgrmcr ^, Eaotcs D-J, Bgssc E, Hrugrt D-J (78

Eaotcs D-J, @ilrcs E, Blfcrt C, Wlob Ilu, Bgssc E (7> F^. Wugt Zjl Vcv 764;23;;2

Eaurtgolcr C, Bgssc E (75478>778>5

Bgssc E (7.>>> F. . Ogturc 648683

Bgssc E (6>>>) Kyhraiabljgi jkgobcs lo tkc Gerljgo trapljs slojc tkIgst Bigjlgi `gxl u`. Wugt Zjl Vcv 7

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78

Bgssc E, Ulhgi I, Hcvciic G-I, Ugo Jg`pa C (6>77) Kyhraiabljgivgrlgflilty lo tkc Oartkcro Icvgot4 g 63> mg uitlpraxy rcjarhera tkc \g``auock (Icfgoao) schl cotgry scqucojc. Jil^gst 24765776;8

Vkahcs C, Bgssc E, Vuleco I, Eaotcs D-J, Mcqlo Rcl, Fcrtrgoh ,Blfcrt C, @cilcnrcs E, ujkaimg , Tklxlgob R, Tkl- \ugo J (73767Ugiict-Jauia`f J, Bgssc E, Ecrry I, Vaflsao I, vgo Jg`pa C,Jkgil E (6>>5) Kyhraiabljgi ahcilob ae trapljgi jiasch IgmcLkatry4 scosltlvlty gogiysls goh l`piljgtlaos ear pgicakyhraiabljgircjaostrujtlaos avcr tkc pgst 8>>> ycgrs. D Kyhrai ::74632627

Ugiict-Jauia f J, Bgssc E, Zaozabol J (6>>;) Zcgsaogi cvaiutlaoae tkc lsataplj ja`pasltlao ae gt`aspkcrlj wgtcr vgpaur gfavcg trapljgi igmc4 hcutcrlu cxjcss goh l piljgtlao ear wgtcrrcjyjilob. Bcajkl Jas`ajkl Gjtg 26485578528

Ugo Jg`pa C, Bgssc E (7>ycgr F^. Wugtcrogry Vcs :>:7:

Rcl M, Bgssc E (7

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7>Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Go Avcrvlcw ae gmlstgos Cjaiabljgi Rgtcr

RcgitkXc cjaiabljgi scttlobs ae gmlstgo grc vcry rljk lo bcocrgi, ja`prlsch

ae auotglo rgobcs, hcscrts, rlvcrs, strcg`s, ogturgi igmcs, jagstgi fcitsgoh tkc Grgflgo Zcg coja`pgsslob tkc tatgi igoh grcg ae ;>:,.88 liilao pcapic (6>7:, warih papuigtlao stgtlstljs). @gdarlty ae tkcpapuigtlao rcslhcs ocgr tkc aoiy pcr`gocot Vlvcr Lohus wkljk arlblogtcsera lfct (Jklog) goh cotcrs ^gmlstgo tkraubk Kl gigygs goh ruoslo tkc jcotcr ae tkc jauotry gs g ilec iloc lo tkc cjaoa`y goh coh up lotkraubk lts hcitg lo tkc Grgflgo Zcg lo tkc sautk.

G tatgi avcr 2;>,>>> kg ae wctigohs javcr m`6, l.c. gfaut 7:% ae tkc`auotglo grcg ae tkc Sppcr Lohus Fgslo

Giploc igmcs4Xcrc grc avcr 63 slboljgot klbk gitltuhc igmcs lo^gmlstgo, aetco ech fy bigjlcrs, iylob gt gitltuhcs fctwcco 6,>>> ` gohavcr 8,>>> `.

^cgt igohs4^cgt igohs lo ^gmlstgo javcr gfaut 6> m`

6

. @ast ae tkcscgrc klbk gitltuhc pcgt igohs lo Hcasgl, Bklzcr (Zkgohur) lo BlibltFgitlstgo (BF) goh Jkltrgi lo M^M.Zprlobs goh strcg`s ajjur tkraubkaut tkc jauotry, wkcrcvcr sultgficbrauohwgtcr jaohltlaos prcvgli, lojiuhlob giaob tkc jagst. Xc strcg`sjaiicjt tkc wgtcr era` tkc wgtcrskchs goh ecch lota tkc rlvcr systc`s.Vlvcrs4 ^gmlstgos `glo rlvcr ls tkc Lohus, grlslob lo tkc Kl`gigygs, gohstawlob tkraubk tkc Bliblt Fgitlstgo. Lt kgs g tatgi icobtk ae 6,; m` ta 36> m` goh lt

Vcparts

Rlotcrlob wgtcr flrhs gt Iuobk Igmc lo sautkcro Zlohk, ^gmlstgo.

Vlvcr Lohus lo Oartkcro ^gmlstgo wltk spcjtgjuigr vlcw ae Mgrg Murg` Klbkwgy(gojlcot slim rautc)

G stuoolob vlcw ae uolquc hcscrt wctigohs Tgobl Ogwgr Igmc lo sautkcroFgiajklstgo, ^gmlstgo

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77Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

hrglos lota tkc Lohus Vlvcr. Mccodkgr ar Mgirl Igmc lo Xgttg Hlstrljtls goatkcr vcry igrbc ercskwgtcr igmc usch ear wgtcr suppiy. Fatk tkcscigmcs grc tkrcgtcoch wltk paiiutlao era` hlcrcot saurjcs.Z`gii hg`s goh igrbc rcscrvalrs4 @go-`ghc igmcs ear`ch fy hg`sear kyhrapawcr goh wgtcr suppiy grc l`partgot wctigoh rcsaurjcs.Xcy lojiuhc tkc s`gii wgtcr suppiy goh lrrlbgtlao igmcs sujk gs grceauoh lo Fgiajklstgo, goh tkc igrbcr igmcs ear`ch fy hg`s sujk gsgrfcig hg` wkljk kgs go grcg ae 63> m`6= @gobig hg` goh rcscrvalr

ao tkc Dkciu` Vlvcr fctwcco ^uodgf goh Gzgh Dg``u & Mgsk`lr(GD&M)= Rgrsgm hg` lo M^M= goh atkcr igrbcr wgtcr suppiy rcscrvalrsilmc Mkgopur lo M^M, Og``gi lo ^uodgf, Kgicdl lo Zlohk goh Kufhg` giaob tkc farhcr fctwcco Zlohk goh Fgiajklstgo.Lrrlbgtlao goh hrglogbc jgogis4Xc lrrlbgtlao goh hrglogbc jgogioctwarms tkraubkaut tkc jauotry, pgrtljuigriy lo M^M, ^uodgf gohZlohk, ear` wctigoh ja`picxcs. Xcrc grc g ou`fcr ae ilom jgogisfctwcco tkc vc rlvcrs. Rkcrc tkc jgogis grc uoiloch, sccpgbc`gy jrcgtc ghdgjcot wgtcriabbch grcgs goh swg`ps, wkljk jgo fcl`partgot ear iajgi gqugtlj rcsaurjcs c.b., wctigohs lo Xgi, ^uodgf,goh tkc wctigoh ja`picx jrcgtch fy tkc Ogrg jgogi lo Zlohk, goh tkcgssajlgtch Jkatlgrl rcscrvalr. Ccjtlvc hrglogbc ae lrrlbgtlao wgtcr lsjrltljgi ta prcvcot wgtcr iabblob goh sali sgilolzgtlao.

@grskcs grc cxtcoslvc grcgs ae fatk ercskwgtcr goh sgiloc `grskcslo Zlohk, lojiuhlob tkc Hck-Gmra hcscrt wctigoh ja`picx oartkae Mgrgjkl, goh tkc Vgoo ae Mutjk, wkljk grc fatk Vg`sgr sltcs.Atkcr s`giicr `grskcs grc gssajlgtch wltk fgrrgbcs goh sccpgbc era`lrrlbgtlao jgogis. Rkco jgogis pgss tkraubk hcscrt grcgs, tkc wctigohsjrcgtch fy sccpgbc jgo fc iajgiiy l`partgot sujk gs hrglogbc paohsjrcgtch lo Jkailstgo, ^uodgf.Jagstgi wctigohs4 ^gmlstgos jagstgi wctigohs grc g vcry l`partgotjgtcbary goh lojiuhc `gobravcs, cstugrlcs, fcgjkcs goh jargis. Xctatgi grcg ae Lohus Hcitg ls gfaut 5>>,>>> kg goh @gobravc Earcstjavcr icss tkgo 7>>,>>> kg ae tkc Lohus Hcitg. Xc @gmrgo jagstiloc loFgiajklstgo gisa jaotglos sa`c vgiugfic pajmcts ae `gobravcs javcrlobgfaut 7>,>>> kg, oatgfiy gt @lgol Kar, Mgi`gt, Kar, goh Bwgtgr Fgy=Cstugrlcs4Xc Lohus staws aut ta tkc scg tkraubk tkc Wgigohrl Jrccmlo tkc Lohus Hcitg, ear`lob tkc flbbcst cstugry. Xc aoiy pcr`gocotrlvcr ear`lob cstugry giaob tkc Fgiajklstgo jagst ls Klobai Vlvcr= atkcrrlvcrs

stawlob lota tkc scg giaob tkc jagst grc aoiy scgsaogi. @lgol Kar gohMgi`gt Kar grc hccp loicts wltk `gobravcs goh sgit `grskcs.

FlahlvcrsltyXc gqugtlj flahlvcrslty ae ^gmlstgo rcstcjts tkc pgssgbc ae tkc LohusVlvcr era` tkc klbk `auotglos ta tkc scg goh tkc euii hlvcrslty aewctigoh cjasystc`s. Xc Lohus Eiywgy ls g jrltljgi `lbrgtlao rautc earwgtcr flrhs hujms, bccsc, jrgocs goh skarcflrhs.

Clbktcco tkrcgtcoch spcjlcs ae `g``gis grc eauoh lo tkcjauotry lojiuhlob tkc Lohus Vlvcr Haipklo (^igtgolstg `loar)= twcotytkrcgtcoch flrh spcjlcs, twcivc rcptlics goh twa cohc`lj g`pklflgosgrc gisa suppartch fy wctigohs. Xc wctigohs gisa suppart 7;2lohlbcoaus ercskwgtcr sk spcjlcs (lojiuhlob etcco cohc`ljs) goh 2;;`grloc goh cstugrloc sk spcjlcs. Xcrc grc twa l`partgot `lbrgtarysk, tkc @gksccr, ar putltarggoh tkc Zkcr`gkl, Jiuplsa`g bgrug,wkljk grc tkrcgtcoch fy hg`s. Aoc ae tkc `ast eg`aus goghra`aussk ^giig, cougiasg lilskg, wgs usch ta fc jgubkt lo igrbc ou`fcrslo tkc Iawcr Lohus up ta goh fcyaoh Matrl fgrrgbc fut huc ta tkcrchujtlao lo staws hawo Lohus, tkcrc kgs fcco g slboljgot egii lo tkcjgtjkcs ae ^giig skcrlcs.Xc jauotrys gqugtlj cjasystc`s pravlhc vgst scrvljcs goh fcocts fut

tkc slboljgot aocs grc4Eaah prahujtlao, Ercsk wgtcr stargbc goh rctcotlao ae wgtcr ear

ha`cstlj, lohustrlgi, goh gbrljuiturgi usc, wgtcr rcbuigtlao (kyhraiabljgistaws) goh brauohwgtcr rcjkgrbc / hlsjkgrbc. @goy wctigohs kgvc tkclrsplrltugi goh rcilblaus vgiucs goh pravlhc rcjrcgtlaogi appartuoltlcs.

Xkrcgts goh JkgiicobcsXcsc l`partgot cjasystc`s grc egjlob goy jkgiicobcs lo pigylobtkclr vltgi raic goh pravlhlob kcgitky goh euii fcocts lo arhcr tasustglo tkc covlrao`cot goh sajla-cjaoa`lj jaohltlaos lo tkc jauotrygs wcii gs lo tkc rcblao. Xc lboargojc goh icss gttcotlvc fckgvlarae tkc pailjy `gmcrs jrcgtcs brghugi hctcrlargtlao avcrgii. Za`c aetkc tkrcgts grc4 igjm ae prapcr gogbc`cot, hcbrghgtlao ae kgfltgtsgoh wgtcr qugilty, avcrcxpialtgtlao ae ogturgi rcsaurjcs ilmc, skcrlcs(`grloc, jagstgi goh ercskwgtcr) earcst (`auotglo, gobravc earcst,rlvcrloc), cxtcoslvc usc ae pcstljlhcs lo gbrljuiturc gjtlvltlcs gisa icghs ta

Z.Oa.

Vg`sgr sltc ravlojc Grcg (kg) ratcjtlao stgtus

7 Jkgsk`g Fgrrgbc ^uodgf :8,>,3>> Rlihilec Zgojtugry

: Kgicdl Igmc Zlohk 7,2>8 Rlihilec Zgojtugry

8 Lohus Hcitg Zlohk 826,;>> Lojiuhcs Rlihilec Zgojtugrlcs

3 Lohus Haipklo Vcscrvc Zlohk 763,>>> Bg`c Vcscrvc

5 Mlodkgr (Mgirl) Igmc Zlohk 7:,85; Rlihilec Zgojtugry

2 @lgol Kar Fgiajklstgo 33,>>> Oa

; Vuoo ae Mutjk ( gmlstgo slhc) Zlohk 355,:23 Rlihilec Zgojtugry

< guosg Fgrrgbc ^uodgf 5,325 Rlihilec Zgojtugry

7> Sjkkgil Ja`picx(Mkgffgml, Sjkkgil goh Dgkigr Igmcs)

^uodgf 7,68: Rlihilec Zgojtugry= Bg`c Vcscrvcs

7> l`partgot Vg`sgr Zltcs lo ^gmlstgo

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paiiutlob tkc wgtcr fahlcs goh wgtcr qugilty, ctj.Xc il`oaiabljgi sltugtlao ae wgtcr fahlcs lo tkc jauotry ls hctcrla-

rgtlob slojc ast ae tkc papuigtlao cxpialts tkc wgtcr goh lts flaiabljgircsaurjcs hlrcjtiy ear tkclr jaosu`ptlao. Ao tkc atkcr kgoh, tkcsgoltgtlao systc` ls oat ghcqugtciy jaostrujtch sa tkc usugi prgjtljcls ta usc tkc ocgrfy wgtcr fahlcs goh jgogis ear hu`plob tkc ku`gogoh gbrljuiturc wgstcs. Gs g rcsuit, tkc wgtcr qugilty goh gqugtlj eguogae tkcsc wgtcr fahlcs sucr era` goy covlrao`cotgi goh cjaiabljgi

prafic`s, lojiuhlob cutrapkljgtlao goh klbk icvci ae paiiutlao ctj. Igstfut oat icgst, tkc igjm ae sjlcotlj rcscgrjk goh gppragjk lo gogblobtkc cjasystc`s goh flahlvcrslty gppcgr ta fc tkc `glo rcgsao ear aurlboargojc ae goy sujk prafic`s.

Zlojc tkc hcvciap`cotgi gjtlvltlcs lojrcgsc lohlsjrl`logtciy lo tkcjauotry tkcy icgh ta go lojrcgsc lo prcssurc ao tkcsc ogturgi cjasystc`spgrtljuigriy tkc gqugtlj rcsaurjcs. Xc sltugtlao jgo fc l`pravch le tkcsustglogfic gogbc`cot prgjtljcs ae ogturgi rcsaurjcs grc ghaptch lohcvciap`cotgi pradcjts goh pigoolob.

VcecrcojcsJkguhkry, G.G, 6>7>. Rctigohs lo ^gmlstgo. Rkgt Kgppcolob ta Xc`1

Grtljic wrlttco ao RCH 6>7>.

Dgfcco. V, L`pgjt ae Rgtcr Zjgrjlty ao tkc Rctigohs ae Zlohk,,^rajcchlobs ae tkc Zc`logr Covlrao`cotgi, Zajlgi goh JuiturgiL`pgjt ae Rgtcr Zjgrjlty lo Zlohk 73tk- 75tkDgougry 6>>8.Arbgolzch fy @.G Mgzl Lostltutc ae Jkc lstry, Solvcrslty ae Zlohk,Dg skara. Zcptc fcr 6>>8. b 72:-7;8.

Mkurslh.O.,6>>>. G Rctigoh Gjtlao ^igo- ^gmlstgo. RRE-^gmlstgo. Gpufilskch rcpart.

LSJO-^, 6>>>. Flahlvcrslty Gjtlao ^igo ear ^gmlstgo. G erg`c warm earjaoscrvlob aur ogturgi wcgitk.

www.wlmlpchlg.ja .Zjatt, H.,G. 7 m`6, gohlt ls 78>m` iaob, 33 m` wlhc goh 75 hccp. Xc igmc kgs `arc tkgo7>> lsigohs goh ls pratcjtch fy tkc Lrgolgo Hcpgrt`cot ae Covlrao`cot.Ilmc tkc Hcgh Zcg, lt ls rc`grmgfic ear tkc cxtrc`c sgiloltyae lts wgtcrs.

Zlojc 7> bgp pravlhcs ilttic cxjkgobc aewgtcr fctwcco tkc twa pgrts. Huc ta hraubkt goh lojrcgsch hc`gohs eargbrljuiturgi wgtcrlo tkc igmcs fgslo, tkc sgilolty ae tkc igmc kgs rlsco ta`arc tkgo :>>b/iltrc hurlob rcjcot ycgrs, goh igrbc grcgs ae tkc igmc fchkgvc fcco hcsljjgtch goh grc hry oaw sa tkgt igmcs wgtcr grcg kgs jao-slhcrgfiy skruom. Xc Og+goh Ji jaojcotrgtlaos grc raubkiy eaur tl`cs

tkc jaojcotrgtlaos ae ogturgi . Fcjgusc Igmc Sr lgs wgtcrs kgvc oaautict, tkcy grc klbkiy sgiloc. Xc igmc ls aoc-eaurtk gs sgity gs tkc HcghZcg, wltk g sgit jaotcot rgoblob era` ; ta 77 pcr jcot lo tkc sprlob ta65 ar 6; pcr jcot lo tkc igtc gutu`o. Xc igmcs kyhrabrgpky ls bavcrofy tkc igjm ae go autict. Lt ear`s tkc hcgh coh ae g igrbc hrglogbc systc`tkgt javcrs go grcg ae gfaut 36,>>> m`6goh ls sufdcjt ta brcgt scgsaogvgrlgtlaos.

Lotcbrgtch Igmc Fgslo @gogbc`cot (LIF@)Fgsch ao ycgrs ae sujjcsseui warm ao igmcs goh rcscrvalrs lo vgrlausjauotrlcs, LICJ (Lotcrogtlaogi Igmc Covlrao`cot Ja``lttcc)ear`uigtch tkc LIF@ pigtear` (Ogmg`urg goh Vgst, 6>77). LIF@ lfgsch ao slx euohg`cotgi bavcrogojc `cgsurcs lojiuhlob4 (7) pailjlcs(6) lostltutlaos= (:) pgrtljlpgtlao= (8) loear`gtlao= (3) tcjkoaiaby, go(5) ogojcs.

Fgsch ao tkcsc slx `cgsurcs, lt ls passlfic ta fulih g kcgitkySr`lg Igmc. LIF@ ls go lostru`cot tkgt gsslsts igmc fgslo `gogbcrsgoh stgmckaihcrs lo gjklcvlob `gogbc`cot ae tkclr igmcs goh fgslosear tkclr sustglogfic usc. Lt gssu`cs tkgt igmcs kgvc g brcgt vgrlctyae rcsaurjc vgiucs, wkasc sustglogfic hcvciap`cot goh usc rcqulrcspcjlgi `gogbc`cot jaoslhcrgtlaos jkgrgjtcrlstlj ae tkclr icotlj (stgtlj

wgtcr prapcrtlcs. Baah igmc fgslo `gogbc`cot jgo fc rcgilzch aoiytkraubk LIF@, wkljk rcprcscots jaotlouaus igmc fgslo bavcrogojcear l`pravc`cots. LIF@ lotcbrgtcs lostltutlaos, pailjlcs, pgrtljlpgtlaae sjlcojc, tcjkoaiaby goh ogojcs. LICJ pra`atcs LIF@ biafgiiy,wltk iaob-tcr` goh straob pailtljgi ja``lt`cot, lo arhcr ta l`pravctkc stgtc ae warihs igmcs. G prl`gry jkgrgjtcrlstlj ae LIF@ ls tkgt ltls oat g prcsjrlptlvc pigoolob prajchurc. Vgtkcr, lt ls tkc rcsuit ae gja`pligtlao ae icssaos icgroch era` tkc biafgi cxpcrlcojcs ae pgst igmfgslo `gogbc`cot. Xcy wcrc syotkcslzch ta ghhrcss ja`picx pigoollssucs wltk g fgslo bavcrogojc erg`cwarm rcstcjtlob tkc uolquc ecgturae icotlj wgtcrs sujk gs igmcs goh rcscrvalrs. Xcsc ecgturcs ae igmcsgoh rcscrvalrs lojiuhc g iaob wgtcr rctcotlao tl`c, ja`picx rcspaoschyog`ljs, goh go lotcbrgtlob ogturc ae tkc `gogbc`cot `cgsurcs(Ogmg`urg goh Vgst, 6>77).

Zujjcsseui igmc fgslo `gogbc`cot rcqulrcs tkgt wc ii tkc bgpsfctwcco wkgt kgs gircghy fcco haoc, goh wkgt rc`glos ta fc gjklcvclo egjliltgtlob lts gppiljgtlao, fgsch ao iaob-tcr` goh straob pailtljgija``lt`cot. Jaotlouaus carts wlii fc ocjcssgry ta eurtkcr cxpgohgoh rcoc tkc LIF@ jaojcpt ta gjklcvc g frlbktcr euturc ear igmcs gohatkcr wgtcr fahlcs cxpcrlcojlob scrlaus hcbrghgtlao tkrcgts, pgrtljuigrtkasc gttrlfutgfic ta ku`go gjtlvltlcs goh jil`gtc jkgobc (Ogmg`urggoh Vgst, 6>77). a gjklcvc tkls bagi, tkc eaiiawlob bavcrogojc pliigrswkljk jaostltutc tkc fgslj ja`paocots ae LIF@, goh wkljk grc giipatcotlgiiy gvgligfic ear Igmc Sr`lg lo Lrgo, `ust fc ghhrcssch. Xcsclojiuhc4 7) G `gogbc`cot systc` wltk go gppraprlgtc arbgolzgtlaogi

sctup wlii kcip cosurc sustglogfic fcocts ear igmc fgslo rcsaurjc uscrs6) ^ailjy taais `ust fc fcttcr hcvciapch ta egjliltgtc jaojcrtch sajlctggjtlaos ear sustglogfic igmc fgslo `gogbc`cot= :) Gii igmc fgslo stgmc-kaihcrs skauih pgrtljlpgtc lo tkc hcjlslao-`gmlob prajcss ear `gogblotkc igmcs goh tkclr fgslos ear sustglogfic usc= 8) cjkoaiablcs.

Gitkaubk sujk ccjts aetco tcoh ta fc il ltch lo jcrtglo grcgsgoh avcr skart tl`c pcrlahs, pkysljgi lotcrvcotlaos, sujk gs skarcilocgoh wctigoh rcstargtlao, pravlslao ae scwcrgbc goh lohustrlgi wgstctrcgt`cot, wgtcr trcgt`cot systc`s, garcstgtlao, goh `ltlbgtlao`cgsurcs ear slitgtlao jaotrai, jgo pigy g slboljgot raic lo l`pravlobtkc igmc covlrao`cot. Lt gisa wlii fc ocjcssgry ta loltlgtc gjtlaos ear

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Environment,_Iranhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/519274/salinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farm_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farm_waterhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/519274/salinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Environment,_Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_lakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_lake

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7:Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

Lrrlbgtlao Vcvaiutlao (fcst prgjtljc ae lrrlbgtlao) goh Brcco Vcvaiutlao(uslob ocwiy-scicjtch ha`cstlj pigots rcqulrlob icss lrrlbgtlao wgtcr)=3) Loear`gtlao. Zjlcotlj goh pufilj pcrjcptlaos rcbgrhlob igmcfgslo `gogbc`cot jgo hlcr era` jgsc ta jgsc. Rltkaut moawichbcbcocrgtlao goh skgrlob, ku`go goh ogojlgi rcsaurjcs `aflilzch lo tkcigmc fgslo `gogbc`cot carts `gy oat fc ccjtlvc= goh 5) Elogojcs.Elogojlgi rcsaurjcs skauih ja`c era` gii fgslo stgmckaihcrs tkgt hlrcjtiyar lohlrcjtiy fcoct era` tkc usc ae igmc rcsaurjcs. Carts `ust fc

`ghc ta hcvciap looavgtlvc gppragjkcs ear bcocrgtlob iajgiiy usgficeuohs.Fgsch ao tkcsc LIF@ cic`cots, tkc ragh`gp ear Zgvlob Sr`lg

Igmc skauih fc gs eaiiaws47) Aoiy tkc wgtcr rcsaurjcs lo tkc iajgi jgtjk`cot grcg skauih fc usch.Xcrc ls oa occh ta l`part wgtcr era` grcgs autslhc tkc Sr`lg Igmcjgtjk`cot grcg=6) Aoiy gol`gis goh pigots lo tkc iajgi grcg skauih fc usch. Xcrc lsoa occh ta l`part ar frlob lo gol`gis goh pigots era` autslhc tkcjgtjk`cot grcg=:) Aoiy iajgi pcapic goh iajgi ogtlaos skauih fc lovaivch. Xcrc ls oa

ja`pciilob occh ta frlob pcapic era` autslhc tkc jgtjk`cot grcg=8) Aoiy iajgi pcapic goh iajgi icghcrs skauih kgvc tkc gutkarlty tahcjlhc kaw ta sgvc Sr`lg Igmc goh lts jgtjk`cot grcg. Goy cxpcrtssaubkt era` gfragh skauih aoiy fc rcqucstch ta cvgiugtc tkc pasltlvcgoh ocbgtlvc pgrg`ctcrs ae rcstargtlao carts=3) ^raecsslaogi fahlcs era` tkraubkaut tkc Lsig`lj Vcpufilj ae Lrgoskauih fc lovltch ta pgrtljlpgtc lo sgvlob Sr`lg Igmc goh lts jgtjk`cotgrcg. Lo ghhltlao ta sjlcotlsts goh hcjlslao `gmcrs, rcilblaus icghcrs, pkl-

iasapkcrs, klstarlgos, grtlsts, wrltcrs, sparts`co, ctj., ae gii gbcs (yauobgoh aih), goh era` gii pgrts ae Lrgo skauih fc lovaivch.Xc gfavc typc ae gppragjk wgs usch ta sgvc tkc Oartkcro Grgi Zcg

wkljk ls oaw cxklfltlob tkc rst slbos ae sujjcss ae tkc `gogbc`cot`cgsurcs. Gs stgtch gt tkc aosct ae tkls `cssgbc, lt wlii oat fc passlficta gjklcvc g kcgitky Sr`lg Igmc goh fgslo wltkaut jrcgtlao ae tkc slxeuohg`cotgi LIF@ pliigrs (`cgsurcs) cotlaoch. a tkls coh, tkc slxLIF@ bavcrogojc pliigrs wltklo Sr`lg Igmc goh lts fgslo skauih fccvgiugtch goh rcoch hurlob 6>736>72. Xls gppragjk wauih warmear gii jaotlocots, goh skauih gisa warm ear igmcs lo Lrgo. Lohcch, ltwauih fc vcry fcocjlgi ta hcvciap gppraprlgtc pailjlcs, jrcgtc tkclostltutcs ear sujk pailjlcs, goh giiajgtc tkc ocjcssgry euohs ta hcvciapjgpgfic stg ta gjja`pilsk tkc hcslrch bagis. Lohcch, lt wauih fc lospl-

rgtlaogi ta fulih g sy`failj LIF@ ^gvlilao ao tkc skarcs ae Sr`lgIgmc. Xls wauih fc g rst stcp tawgrhs hcvciaplob g kcgitky Sr`lgIgmc wltk cxpcjtch rlsc lo wgtcr icvci fy 6>72. Lt wlii fc aoc s`gii stcpear pcapic lokgfltlob tkc Sr`lg Igmc jgtjk`cot grcg. Xls ^gvlilao wliifcja`c g pkysljgi sy`fai ear gii pcapic lovaivch lo tkc rcstargtlao aeSr`lg Igmc goh lts jgtjk`cot grcg.

Lt wauih fc hcslrgfic ta wrltc ocw pac`s goh saobs gfaut Sr`lgIgmc goh lts jgtjk`cot grcg. Ocw i`s goh ocw pkata gifu`s gfauttkc Sr`lg Igmc igohsjgpc skauih gisa fc hcvciapch. Ocw faams gfauttkc ilvcs ae pcapic lokgfltlob tkc Sr`lg Igmc surrauohlobs goh wltklolts jgtjk`cot grcg skauih fc wrlttco. Eurtkcr, lt ls oat sujlcot aoiy tawrltc sjlcotlj goh tcjkoljgi pgpcrs gfaut tkc prafic`s ae Sr`lg Igmcgoh lts jgtjk`cot grcg. Vgtkcr, ky`os goh saobs gisa skauih fc wrlttcotkgt wauih fcja`c splrltugi sy`fais ear gii pcapic lo tkc Sr`lg IgmcVcsjuc cg .

Lo arhcr ta avcrja`c tkc Sr`lg Igmc jrlsls, pcapic cobgbch losjlcotlj goh juiturgi gjtlvltlcs rcicvgot ta tkc igmc goh lts jgtjk`cotgrcg skauih uoltc lo hcvciaplob g ja``ao gppragjk hlrcjtch ta tkcfcttcr euturc ae tkls igmc.

VcecrcojcsOgmg`urg @. goh R. Vgst (6>77). Hcvciap`cot ae LIF@ ^igtear`

^rajcss. Cvaivlob Bulhcilocs tkraubk ^grtljlpgtary L`pravc`cot.VZJC Zklbg Solvcrslty goh LICJ. 25 p.

kttp4//www.licj.ar.dp/co/

kttp4//www.licj.ar.dp/co/gjtlvltyOlmaigl U. Gighlo, Lbar Z. ^iatolmav, Gicxcy A. Z`urav, Iyufav U.Tkgmavg goh Ugicotlog L. BaotgrIgfargtary ae Frgjmlsk Rgtcr Kyhraflaiaby, Taaiabljgi Lostltutc aeVGZ, Zt ^ctcrsfurb, Vusslg(grgiNzlo.ru)

Frlhbcs avcr Sr`lg Igmc.

G jagst ae skrlomlob Sr lg Igmc.

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78Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Oa sjlcojc, oa cvlhcojc, oa trutk, oa hc`ajrgjyrgvciilob ao tkc Iaohao Sohcrbrauoh ls jaovcolcot goh egst fut ltls gisa oalsy. Jaovcrsgtlao ls hljuit (tkaubk tkc Cobilsk tcoh oat tafc iaqugjlaus lo pufilj goywgy) goh aocs gttcotlao ls hrgwo ta tkcghvcrtlsc`cots loslhc tkc trglo ear tklobs goh scrvljcs aoc prafgfiy hacsoat wgot ta fuy. Fut lo 7>> ghvcrtlslob spgjcs gohtkc pac`s grc jkgobch tkrcc tl cs g ycgr.

Aoc hgy ao tkc trglo, L sgw g vcry skart pac , wrlttco lo kls prlvgtcicttcrs fy Aslp @gohcistg , g Vusslgo, faro lo 7;>> sjlcotlsts rcspaohch, kgs eauohtkgt 68% wcrc ercqucotiy gsmch ta cxjiuhc ar gitcr tcjkoljgi loear`gtlao

lo echcrgi bavcro`cot haju`cots ear oao-sjlcotlj rcgsaos. Xc rcqucsjg`c era tkclr hlrcjt supcrvlsars, fuslocss ar lohustry, atkcr bavcro`chcpgrt`cots, pailtljgiiy gppalotch stg goh iaffylsts. Avcr g tklrh gbrcctkgt pufilj rcigtlaos hcpgrt`cots kgh afstrujtch tkc , goh 27% sglh tkhcvciap`cot ae pailjy, igw goh prabrg``cs fgsch ao sjlcotlj cvlhcojkgh fcco ja`pra lsch fy pailtljgi lotcrecrcojc. Gfaut kgie wcrc gwgrc jgscs wkcrc tkclr hcpgrt`cot ar gbcojy kgh supprcssch loear`gtlao, gofcilcvch tkls ich ta loja`pictc, logjjurgtc ar lsicghlob l prcsslaos.

Avcr 73>>> pcapic wcrc scot tkc qucstlaooglrc goh tkcrc ls g baahjkgojc tkgt tkcsc pcrjcotgbcs, ae tkasc rcspaohlob, uohcrcstl gtc tkcprafic . @y gwgmcoch lotcrcst ich ta sa`c iltcrgturc rcscgrjk (ycs, tkcrls g iltcrgturc goh cvco go grcg ae sajlaiaby tkgt hcgis wltk tkc supprcsslaae sjlcojc) goh tkc ohlob ae Rlisao goh Fgrocs (77:).

@y scgrjkcs ich ta g hctglich rcpart fy tkc Solao ae JaojcrochZjlcotlsts (6>>8) lota tkc SZ gh lolstrgtlaos lsusc goh jcosarsklp aesjlcojc goh ta grtljics fy tkc Frltlsk sjlcojc daurogilst, Bcarbc @aoflat(kttp4//www. aoflat.ja`) hctglilob sa`c vcry pcjuilgr gttltuhcs tacvlhcojc ao tkc pgrt ae tkc SM bavcro`cot goh sa`c ae lts jklce sjlcotghvlsars. Xc jurrcot Frltlsk Zcjrctgry ae Ztgtc ear tkc Covlrao`cotbruhblobiy gjmoawichbcs jil gtc jkgobc fut fcilcvcs lt ta fc ogturgi gopcrecjtiy oar`gi goh g patcotlgi faast ta tkc cjaoa`y.

Zupprcsslao ae sjlcojc wauih gppcgr ta fc rlec lo Jgoghg, tkc SMgoh tkc SZG, tkrcc `gdar hc`ajrgjlcs ae tkc wcstcro warih. Rkgt gfa`gloigoh Curapc1 Zajlaiablsts afscrvc tkgt supprcsslao occh oat aoiy favcrt tkaubk tkcrc scc`s ta fc g iat ae cvlhcojc ear sujk hlrcjt lotcrecr-cojc. Fgjm lo tkc 7s wkco L wgs jg`pglbolob ta kgvc pkaspkgtcstrlpplob lostgiich gt scwgbc warms hlsjkgrblob ta g kcgvliy cutrapkljgtcsystc , tkc rcblaogi gogbcr ae tkc Rgtcr Gutkarlty rcspaoslfic stgrtchcoqulrlob gs ta wka L goswcrch ta goh kaw L jauih fc slicojch. Xgtlohlvlhugi igtcr fcjg`c g pliigr ae tkc wgtcr lohustry goh `ujk gppalotta bavcro`cot fahlcs, lojiuhlob sa`c lo Curapc. Fut tkc sajlaiablstsoatc tkgt supprcsslao ae sjlcojc jgo gisa fc lo tkc scttlob ae gbcohgs, gotkc skgplob ae pcapics fcilces, wkcrc pawcreui pcapic goh braups grcgfic ta bct tkclr wgy wltkaut fiuot lotcrvcotlao goh jaoscqucotiy `gmctkclr pawcr gppcgr icbltl gtc. Xc jurrcot gbcohg ear Karlzao 6>6>, tkocw rcscgrjk prabrg``c ae tkc Curapcgo Ja``uolty, ls jcotrch aotkrcc eajl4 Vcspaohlob ta tkc cjaoa lj jrlsls ta lovcst lo euturc dafs gohbrawtk= Ghhrcsslob pcapics jaojcros gfaut tkclr ilvcilkaahs, sgecty goh

covlrao`cot= goh Ztrcobtkcolob tkc CSs biafgi pasltlao lo rcscgrjk,looavgtlao goh tcjkoaiaby. Xcrc lbkt fc sa`c ja`eart lo tkc scjaohprapasltlao fut tkc rst goh tklrh subbcst tkgt fuslocss ls balob ta fcvcry `ujk gs usugi. Xc ali goh bgs wlii oat stgy lo tkc brauoh= tkcgsplrgtlaos ae tkc Rgtcr Erg`cwarm Hlrcjtlvc wlii rc`glo ahcst= jilwlii jaotlouc ta warsco= goh tkc prafic`s wlii jaotlouc ta `auot. Rcwlii jaiiuhc fcjgusc wc kgvc igfargtarlcs goh ilvcilkaahs ta suppart. Fupcrkgps wc skauih oat.

Lo Curapc wc grc yct sa`c wgy era tkc erustrgtlao ae tkc Jgoghlgsjlcotlsts, wka arbgolsch hc`aostrgtlaos lo gutu`o igst ycgr wltktkc siabgo4 Oa sjlcojc, oa cvlhcojc, oa trutk, oa hc`ajrgjy fut

Elb. 74 Ograhoyy Ma`lssgrlgt Uoutrcoolmk Hci (OMUH) pkatabrgpk ae Aslp@gohcistg` gt tkc tl`c ae kls grrcst.

https://owa.liv.ac.uk/owa/redir.aspx?C=qF7vQP87j0S-jpWC7jcNBrlmZ_0rD9EIiftcG-6Qobmk2KAOZbEiUnRIGre5ufRQygv0o8noGE8.&URL=http%3a%2f%2faction.ucsusa.org%2fsite%2fAdvocacy%3fs_oo%3dv5GUkb1VRL8xdKOBj8a-Ng%26amp%3bid%3d4025https://owa.liv.ac.uk/owa/redir.aspx?C=qF7vQP87j0S-jpWC7jcNBrlmZ_0rD9EIiftcG-6Qobmk2KAOZbEiUnRIGre5ufRQygv0o8noGE8.&URL=http%3a%2f%2faction.ucsusa.org%2fsite%2fAdvocacy%3fs_oo%3dv5GUkb1VRL8xdKOBj8a-Ng%26amp%3bid%3d4025https://owa.liv.ac.uk/owa/redir.aspx?C=qF7vQP87j0S-jpWC7jcNBrlmZ_0rD9EIiftcG-6Qobmk2KAOZbEiUnRIGre5ufRQygv0o8noGE8.&URL=http%3a%2f%2faction.ucsusa.org%2fsite%2fAdvocacy%3fs_oo%3dv5GUkb1VRL8xdKOBj8a-Ng%26amp%3bid%3d4025https://owa.liv.ac.uk/owa/redir.aspx?C=qF7vQP87j0S-jpWC7jcNBrlmZ_0rD9EIiftcG-6Qobmk2KAOZbEiUnRIGre5ufRQygv0o8noGE8.&URL=http%3a%2f%2faction.ucsusa.org%2fsite%2fAdvocacy%3fs_oo%3dv5GUkb1VRL8xdKOBj8a-Ng%26amp%3bid%3d4025

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73Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

@gohcistg , lo kls pac hlspigych ao tkc Iaohao Sohcrbrauoh, puttklobs cqugiiy sujjlojtiy4

\au taam gwgy gii tkc ajcgos goh gii tkc raa .\au bgvc `c `y skac-slzc lo cgrtk wltk fgrs grauoh lt.Rkcrc hlh lt bct yau1 Oawkcrc.\au icet `c `y ilps, goh tkcy skgpc warhs, cvco lo slicojc.

Rc egjc g ja`piljgtch euturc. Rlii wc fc pgrtljlpgots, afscrvcrs arprlsaocrs ae lt1

@grtlo, F. (7>8). Zjlcotlj lLotcbrlty lo^ailjy`gmlob. SJZ, Jg`frlhbc, @gssgjkusctts

Rlisao, Z., & Fgrocs, L (77:)G eaur hgy warmskap cotltich gxaoa y goh cjaiaby ae ercskwgtcrzaapigomtao 4 tkcary goh prgjtljc wltk c`pkgsls ao sjlcotlj `gousjrlptprcpgrgtlao wgs kcih dalotiy lo tkc Hcpgrt`cots ae Fatgoy goh Taaiabyae Solvcrslty ae uoc (Sa^) gt uoc, Lohlg era 63tkta 6;tkOavc`fcr6>7:. Solvcrslty ae uoc ls aoc ae tkc prc lcr Solvcrsltlcs ae Lohlgeauohch lo g uolquc bcabrgpkljgi iajgtlao lo tkc Rcstcro Bkgts, g flahl-vcrslty katspat farhcrlob Hcjjgo ^igtcgu. Xc Hcpgrt`cot ae Taaiaby lsaoc ae tkc rst hcpgrt`cots ta fc cstgfilskch fy tkc Solvcrslty ae ^uoc lo7. Xc Hcpgrt`cot acrs pastbrghugtc jaurscs icghlob ta @. Zj., @.^kli. goh ^k.H. hcbrccs lo Taaiaby wltk c`pkgsls ao euohg`cotgis goh`ahcro flaiaby, goh kgs hcvciapch lota g euii- stchbch Jcotrc ae tcgjklobgoh rcscgrjk lo ahcro flaiaby. Xcsc hcvciap`cots ich ta rcjaboltlaoae tkc hcpgrt`cot lo ta g Jcotrc ear Ghvgojch Ztuhlcs (JGZ) lo fy tkcSolvcrslty Brgots Ja` lsslao (SBJ) slojc 6>>3. Xc SBJ pravlhcseuohs tkraubk g Ja``lttcc ao Ztrcobtkcolob ae Loergstrujturc ear Zjlcojc

goh cjkoaiaby(JAZLZ). Xc @.Zj. syiigfus lo tkc tklrh sc`cstcrc`pkgslzcs ao slx jrchlt jaursc (tkcary goh igfargtary goh cih prgjtljgi)lo tkc Flasystc`gtljs goh Flahlvcrslty.

Xls warmskap wgs kcih uohcr tkc guspljcs ae Solvcrslty wltk^atcotlgi ear Cxjciicojc (S^C) rabrg , jaoecrrch ta Sa^ lo 6>77 fySBJ, Bavcro`cot ae Lohlg.

Rcstcro Bkgts ls aoc ae tkc flahlvcrslty katspat, wkljk ls rljk lohlvcrslty goh kgrfaurs goy cohc lj spcjlcs ae eguog goh starg. RcstcroBkgts jaostltutc g `auotglo rgobc giaob tkc wcstcro slhc ae Lohlg. Lt ls gSOCZJA Rarih Kcrltgbc sltc goh ls g`aob tkc clbkt kattcst katspatsae flaiabljgi hlvcrslty lo tkc warih. Xc `auotglo rgobc ruos oartk-sautk

giaob tkc wcstcro chbc ae tkc Hcjjgo ^igtcgu goh scpgrgtcs tkc pigtcguera g ogrraw jagstgi piglo, jgiich Maomgo, giaob tkc Grgflgo Zcg. Xcsckliis javcr 75>,>>> m`6 (gvcrgbc cicvgtlao gfaut 76>>`) goh ear tkcjgtjk`cot grcg ear ja`picx rlvcrloc hrglogbc systc`s tkgt hrglo gfaut8>% ae Lohlg.

Xc grcg kgs avcr 3>>> spcjlcs ae stawcrlob pigots, 7:< spcjlcs ae`g``gis, 3>; spcjlcs ae flrhs goh 72< spcjlcs ae g`pklflgos. Lt ls ilmciytkgt tkcrc grc stlii goy uohlsjavcrch spcjlcs lokgfltlob tkc RcstcroBkgts. Gt icgst :63 biafgiiy tkrcgtcoch spcjlcs grc moawo ta ajjur lo tkcRcstcro Bkgts.

Taapigomtao lo tkc Rcstcro Bkgts ja`prlscs g igrbc ou`fcr aespcjlcs fciaoblob ta ratlecrs, jighajcrgos goh atkcr ljrajrustgjcgos,astrgjahs goh pratazagos. @gdarlty ae tkc stuhlcs haoc grc era Oartkcgstcro pgrt ae Lohlg wklic stuhlcs ao gqugtlj eguog era Rcstcro Bkgtseguog grc sjgot goh sjgttcrch.

Xc warmskap wgs kcih uohcr tkc pgtraogbc ae rae. ZudgtgFkgrbgvg, Kcgh & Jaarhlogtar ae Sa^-S^C rabrg``c, Hcpgrt`cotae Fatgoy= ^rae. Fl gicohu F. Ogtk, Kcgh, Hcpgrt`cot ae Taaiabygoh rae. Mgipgog gl, Hcpgrt`cot ae Taaiaby, wka wgs gisa tkc JaurscJaarhlogtar.

Xc rcsaurjc pcrsaos wcrc pra locot sjlcotlsts lo tkc cih ae cjaiabygoh gqugtlj flahlvcrslty. Xcy wcrc rae. Vg`csk H. Buigtl era XcOctkcrigohs Lostltutc ae Cjaiaby, Rgbcolobco, Xc Octkcrigohs, rae. \.Vchhy, Gjkgryg Ogbgrduog Solvcrslty, Buotur, Lohlg, rae. Z.Z.Z. Zgr`g,goh rae. Ogohlol Zgr`g, Ogtlaogi Gutaoa`us Solvcrslty ae @cxlja,@cxlja. Ou`craus stuhcots era tkc Solvcrslty ae uoc goh atkcr Sol-

Elb. 74 Gjtlvltlcs uohcrtgmco hurlob tkc warmskap ao tgxaoa`y & cjaiaby aezaapigomtao lo tkc Solvcrslty ae uoc (Sa^) Jaurtcsy S^C-Sa^ rabrg` aeSolvcrslty Brgots Ja``lsslao, Ocw Hcikl.

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75Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

vcrsltlcs goh tkc gilgtch jaiicbcs pgrtljlpgtch lo tkc warmskap.Xc tkc`c ae tkc warmskap lojiuhch tkc fgslj cjaiaby goh tgxaoa`y

ae ercskwgtcr `ctgzago zaapigomtao, l.c., jaiicjtlao ae Vatlecrg, Jighajcrggoh Japcpahg, prcpgrgtlao ae pcr`gocot silhcs, lhcotljgtlao ae spcjlcs,prcpgrgtlao ae zaapigomtao juiturc `chlg, scttlob up ae `gss gibgi juiturcsear gqugjuiturc goh cjataxljaiaby goh sjlcotlj `gousjrlpt prcpgrgtlao.

^rae. Zudgtg Fkgrbgvg lo kcr icjturc bgvc go avcrvlcw ae tkc S^C^radcjt4 Flahlvcrslty ae Rcstcro Bkgts. rae. Mgipgog gl lotrahujchHr. Kc`got Bkgtc, Cx-Kcgh ae tkc Hcpgrt`cot ae Taaiaby, @ahcroJaiicbc, ^uoc. Kc wgs gisa tkc jklce bucst ae tkc scsslao. Kc bgvc g mcyoatc icjturc ao flahlvcrslty ae Rcstcro Bkgts, eaiiawch fy g scrlcs aeicjturcs fy rcsaurjc pcrsaos, lojiuhlob Xc ccjts ae jil gtlj jkgobc aoigmc cjasystc`s fy ^rae. Vg`csk Buigtl=Fgsljs ae Jgigoalh Japcpah@arpkaiaby goh gxaoa`y fy rae. \. Vchhy= Vatlecrs lo cja-taxl-jaiabljgi rcscgrjk fy rae. Z.Z.Z. Zgr`g, goh Cjaiaby ae Jighajcrg fy^rae. Ogohlol Zgr`g.

Ao hgy twa tkc icjturcs hcilvcrch lojiuhch tkc Jgusgi egjtarsgoh sy`pta`s ae igmc cutrapkljgtlao fy Buigtl, Ercskwgtcr jgigoalhjapcpahs lo Lohlg fy Vchhy goh Taapigomtao juiturc tcjkolqucs fyZgr`g goh Ogohlol eaiiawch fy lotcrgjtlvc scsslaos wltk tkc pgrtljlpgtlobstuhcots.

Xc hgy tkrcc `gloiy eajusch ao tkc tgxaoa`y goh cjaiaby ae ratlecrsgoh igfargtary cxcrjlscs hcgilob wltk zaapigomtao juiturc tcjkolqucs. Hgyeaur jaojiuhch wltk tgims fy tkc sjlcotlsts. Go lotcrgjtlvc scsslao wgs kcihta bct tkc ecchfgjm era tkc pgrtljlpgots. Lt wgs ghhrcssch fy tkc rcsaurjcpcrsaos. Xc warmskap jaojiuhch wltk jcrtljgtc hlstrlfutlao ta tkcpgrtljlpgtlob stuhcots. Avcrgii ecchfgjm fy tkc pgrtljlpgots wgs vcry baah,goh tkcrc wcrc rcqucst fy tkc pgrtljlpgots ear sl ligr warmskap ae iaobcrhurgtlao lo euturc.

Vcecrcojcs@cycrs, O., @lttcr`clcr, V. G., @lttcr`clcr, J. B., Eaoscjg, B. G. F.&

Mcot, D. (6>>>). Flahlvcrslty katspats ear jaoscrvgtlao prlarltlcs.Ogturc, Uai. 8>:

@aiur, Z., Z ltk, M.B., Hgolci, F.G. & Hgrwgii, R.V.. (Ja`plicrs).(6>77). Xc Ztgtus goh Hlstrlfutlao ae Ercskwgtcr Flahlvcrslty lotkc Rcstcro Bkgts, Lohlg. Jg`frlhbc, SM goh Bigoh, ZwltzcrigohLSJO, goh Jal fgtarc, Lohlg4 Taa Autrcgjk Arbgolsgtlao.

^ghkyc, Z. @., Kc`got U. Bkgtc & ^gl, M. (6>77). Ocw IajgiltyVcjarh goh ghhltlaogi Loear`gtlao ao Kgfltgt ae Jyjicstkcrlgklsiap(Fglrh, 7;377). Ocw iajgilty rcjargoh ghhltlaogi loear`gtlao ao kgfltgts ae tkrcc spcjlcs ae jig`skrl`ps (Jrustgjcg4 Frgojklapahg) era` g rcblao lo oartkcro pgrtae Rcstcro Bkgts (Zgkyghrls), Lohlg.Daurogi ae Xrcgtcoch gxg, :472:2-7;>8).

Ugodgrc, G. L., ^gtli, Z.B. & ^gl, M. (6>77). Ocw rcjarh ae VatlecrKargciigfrck`l Haoocr, 7). Taapigomtao era g paiiut

rlvcr, @uig (Lohlg), wltk rcjarh ae Frgjklaousrufcos (Ckrcofcrb,7;:;) cplzalj ao@alog gjrajapg(Ztrgus, 7;6>). Apusj. Taai.Fuhgpcst, 6>7>, 87(7)4 ;). Vatlecrs era g paoh lo ^uoc (Lohlg), wltkc rcjarh ae ^tyburgpchuojuigtg(Ch`aohsao, 7) 872-87

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72Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

Xkc 73tkRarih Igmc Jaoecrcojc IGMCZ4Xkc @lrrars ae tkc Cgrtk - Fgigojlob Cjasystc`

Lotcbrlty goh Ku`go Rciifclob - Xkc Jaoecrcojc4 Klstary goh

Zjapc

Ltgiy wlii fc kastlob tkc RarihIgmc Jaoecrcojc lo ^crublg hurlobZcptc`fcr 7-3, 6>78 (kttp4//www.wij73pcrublg.ja ). Xc Rarih IgmcJaoecrcojc (RIJ) klstary stgrtch getcrtkc Zklbg Jaoecrcojc ao Jaoscrvg-tlao goh @gogbc`cot ae Rarih IgmcCovlrao`cot lo 7.7777/(LZZO)788>-722>).

Zlojc lts cstgfilsk`cot lo 7

8/9/2019 silnews64

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7;Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

^crublg, Ltgiy4 Xkc Ucouc ae tkc 73tkRarih Igmc Jaoecrcojc^crublg ls tkc jgpltgi jlty ae tkc S`frlg Vcblao, tkc brcco kcgrt ae Ltgiy.Xls fcgutleui klii tawo, iajgtch lo tkc jcotrgi Ltgiy fctwcco Va`c gohEiarcojc, kgs fcco tkc jcotcr ae tkc rcblao slojc tkc gojlcot tl`cs. Aocae tkc aihcst rc`glos tkgt tciis lts arlblo ls tkc Ctrusjgo tawo wgiis fulitgfaut 6,3>> ycgrs gba. Lt ls sglh tkgt tkc Ctrusjgos scttich lo tkc grcgfcjgusc ae tkc rljk wgtcr rcsaurjc ae tkc rcblao= wgtcr gfuohgojc gohtkc praxl lty ae Igmc rgsl coa, go l partgot rcsaurjc pravlhlob eaahtkraubk skcry goh gbrljuiturc, kgs jcrtgloiy fcco tkc glo rcgsao eartkc juiturgi hcvciap`cot ae tkls jlty slojc tkc lhhic gbc goh hurlob tkcLtgilgo Vcoglssgojc. Gttrgjtlaos tkgt jgooat fc lssch grc tkc ljaoljigoh`grm lo tkc `glo strcct, Eaotgog @gbblarc goh tkc tklrtccotkjcotury gquchujt, oaw g pra`coghc, fut arlblogiiy fulit ta frlob tkcwgtcr up ta tkc eauotglo iajgtch gt tkc klbkcr gitltuhc ae tkc tawo. Dustwgimlob grauoh tkc aih hlstrljt, lt ls passlfic ta oh chlcvgi wciis gohhrlomlob wgtcr eauotglos lo cvcry atkcr jarocr. @arcavcr, atkcr klstarljgijltlcs gs Gsslsl, Buffla goh Zpaicta grc cgsliy rcgjkgfic era ^crublg, lo gecw loutc fy fus/jgr rlhc. Xc lh-jaoecrcojc cxjurslaos wlii gisa acrpgrtljlpgots cxtrgarhlogry cxpcrlcojcs ta wltocss sa`c ae tkc klstarljgi,juiturgi goh ogturgi kcrltgbc tkgt grc uolquc ta tkc rcblao gs Igmcrgsl coa, tkc lfcr Vlvcr vgiicy goh tkc tawo ae Gsslsl.

Gii tkc hctglis ae tkc jaoecrcojc jgo fc eauoh gt www.wij73pcrublg.ja`.Rc iaam earwgrh ta cctlob yau lo crublg!

\gsuc KgblkgrgZcjrctgrlgt, LICJwij73Nlicj.ar.dp

Iulbl Ogsciil-EiarcsZjlcotlj Ja``lttcc, LICJiulbl.ogsciilNuolpg.lt

Xkc 75tkLotcrogtlaogi Zy`paslu` ao Vlvcr goh

Igmc Covlrao`cotsJil`gtc Jkgobc goh Rlsc @gogbc`cot ae Ercskwgtcr Cjasystc s63-62 Gubust 6>78, Jkuojkcao, Z. Marcg

Arbgolzch fyZtccrlob Ja``lttcc ae LZVIC, Marcgo Zajlcty ae Il`oaiaby (MZI) go

Jkuojkcao Biafgi Rgtcr Earu (JBRE)

Zpaosarch fyDgpgocsc Zajlcty ae Il oaiaby, Jklocsc Gjghc y ae ZjlcojcLotcrogtlaogi Zajlcty ae Il`oaiaby (ZLI), Biafgi Igmc CjaiabljgiAfscrvgtary Octwarm (BICAO)

Ja-spaosarMwgtcr

Elrst Gooauojc`cotMarcgo Zajlcty ae Il oaiaby (MZI) goh Jkuojkcao Biafgi RgtcrEaru` (JBRE) lovltc yau ta tkc 75tk Lotcrogtlaogi Zy`paslu` ao

Vlvcr goh Igmc Covlrao`cot (LZVIC) ta fc kcih hurlob 63-62 Gubus6>78, Jkuojkcao, Z. Marcg. Xc sy`paslu` skauih scrvc gs g earu`ear tkc cxjkgobc ae tkc prabrcss lo vgrlaus cihs ae ercskwgtcr sjlcojc grcigtch cihs. Ear g sujjcsseui cctlob, wc wauih brcgtiy gpprcjlgtc yaukcip lo hlstrlfutlob tkls gooauojc`cot goh skgrlob lt wltk yaur erlcogoh jaiicgbucs.

Hgtcs ae Zy`paslu`4 63-62 Gubust, 6>78

Ucouc4 Ighcog Vcsart lo Jkuojkcao Jlty wkljk ls aoc ae tkc astfcgutleui Jlty ae Igmcs

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Jaotgjt ghhrcss@glo jaotgjt4 6>78lsricNb`gli.ja`

Xc @gbblarc Eauotglo4 go ljaolj sy`fai ae ^crublg.

http://www.wlc15perugia.com/mailto:yhagihara@ilec.or.jpmailto:luigi.naselli@unipa.itmailto:luigi.naselli@unipa.itmailto:yhagihara@ilec.or.jphttp://www.wlc15perugia.com/

8/9/2019 silnews64

19/26

778

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XrgospartgtlaoEra ^rgbuc lotcrogtlaogi glrpart (Ujigv Kgvci Glrpart ^rgbuc, ^VB)4Fus, goh trglo tljmct jg. 7> Cura, trgvci hurgtlao grauoh : kaurs. Gskuttic scrvljc era Ugjigv Kgvci lotcrogtlaogi glrpart, ^rgbuc wlii fcgvgligfic ear tkasc wka ja``uoljgtc tkc hgtc, tkc stlbkt ou`fcr goh tkcprcjlsc tl`c ae tkclr grrlvgi/hcpgrturc).Era Iloz lo Gustrlg4 Fus goh trglo gpprax 7> Cura, trgvci hurgtlaograuoh : kaurs.Era Ulcoog lotcrogtlaogi glrpart (Gustrlg)4 Fus goh trglo gpprax. 86Cura, trgvci hurgtlao 8.3 kaurs.

http://www.rotifera.org/http://www.rotifera.org/http://www.rotifera.org/http://www.rotifera.org/

8/9/2019 silnews64

20/26

6>Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Ulsg rcqulrc`cots goh jurrcojyXc Jzcjk Vcpufilj ls g `c`fcr ae tkc Curapcgo Solao. Ulsltarsera` Zjkcobco jauotrlcs ha oat rcqulrc vlsg. icgsc ecci ercc ta jaotgjttkc Arbgolslob Ja``lttcc le yau rcqulrc goy kcip rcbgrhlob vlsgloear`gtlao goh lovltgtlao icttcr ear oao-CS jauotrlcs. Ajlgi jurrcojyae tkc Jzcjk Vcpufilj ls Jzcjk maruog (JTM). Xc cxjkgobc rgtc gt tkctl`c ae tkls gooauojc`cot wgs4 7 CSV 0 62 JTM, 7 SZ $ 0 7< JTM.

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ao cjaiaby, cvaiutlaogry flaiaby, hlvcrslty, systc`gtljs, bcoa ljs, goh`goy atkcr gspcjts ae tkcsc lojrcgslobiy l`partgot ahci arbgols`s lotkc rcjcotiy rcstarch fgraquc rlhlob kgii ae tkc Icholjc Jkgtcgu, aoc aetkc igoh`grms ae tkc SOCZJA Rarih Kcrltgbc sltcs lo Icholjc-UgitljcJuiturgi Igohsjgpc. Xc mcyoatc tgims wlii fc prcscotch fy Iuj Hc@ccstcr (Mgtkailcmc Solvcrslty Icuvco, Fciblu`) goh @ljkgci Iyojk(Lohlgog Solvcrslty, Fiaa lobtao, SZG). Gs lt kgs fcja`c g trghltlao,g spcjlgi lssuc ae Kyhraflaiablg wlii fc pufilskch gs tkc jaoecrcojcprajcchlobs.

Gpgrt era go cxjltlob sjlcotlj prabrg` c, tkc jaoecrcojcpgrtljlpgots goh tkclr gjja`pgoylob pcrsaos wlii bct appartuoltlcs

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Jaotgjt crsaos4Gohrzcd BrolgmJkglr ae tkc @cctlobc-`gli4 kyhrgNuwf.chu.pi

http://www.rotifera.org/http://www.cladocera2014.org/http://www.cladocera2014.org/mailto:petrusek@natur.cuni.czmailto:petrusek@natur.cuni.czhttp://www.cladocera2014.org/http://www.cladocera2014.org/http://www.rotifera.org/

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21/26

67Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

Daigotg Cds aot-MgrgfloZcjrctgrlgt ae tkc Zy`paslu`daigotgNaoct.pi

Bcocrgi Jaoecrcojc Jkglr4^rae. Gohrzcd BrolgmJaoecrcojc jaarhlogtarsGss prae. Daigotg Cds`aot-Mgrgflo (kcgh ae prabrg `c goh scjrctgrlgt)

Gss.prae. Ciflctg Dcmgtlcryojzum-Vuhjzym (kcgh ae iablstljs goharbgolzgtlao)

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L`partgot Loear`gtlao

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8/9/2019 silnews64

22/26

66Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Frlgo @ass(Zjkaai ae Covlrao`cotgi Zjlcojcs, Ilvcrpaai Solvcrslty,SM)4 Xc wgy wc ilvc oaw4 g rctraspcjtlvc ae tkc Zkgiiaw igmcs@cctlob lo Gotgiyg Jiaslob Vc`grms ae Zkgiiaw Igmcs 6>78.

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Lotcrogtlaogi Rctigohs Jaoecrcojc, 78-7;

Zcptc`fcr 6>78, Kucsjg (Zpglo)Xc Jaoecrcojc Rctigohs Flahlvcrslty goh Zcrvljcs4 aais ear Zajla-Cjaiabljgi Hcvciap`cot (Kucsjg, Zpglo, 78-7; Zcptc`fcr 6>78) pigosta fc g `cctlob palot ear hlcrcot praecsslaogis goh pcrsaos lotcrcstchao tkc lotcbrgtlao ae igoh goh wctigoh uscs ear tkc sustglogfichcvciap`cot ae pcapic, lo ghhltlao ta ear`gi spcjlgilzch scsslaos ao giitkc rcscgrjk goh `gogbc`cot gspcjts ae wctigohs.

Xls Jaoecrcojc ls gt tkc sg`c tl`c gs tkc L[ Curapcgo RctigohJaobrcss, wkljk kgs fcco arbgolzch fy tkc Zajlcty ae RctigohsZjlcotlsts Curapcgo Jkgptcr (kttp4//www.sws.arb), goh tkc 5tkJaobrcss ae tkc Curapcgo ^aoh Jaoscrvgtlao Octwarm (kttp4//www.curapcgopaohs.arb). Chwgrh @gitfy (Solvcrslty ae Ilvcrpaai) gohBcrgrhc vgo Kgisc`g (Rgbcolobco Solvcrslty) wlii fc lovltch ear tkctwa picogry scsslaos cotltich G Rctigohs Ulslao ear tkc 67st Jcotury.@cctlob tkc jkgiicobcs ae trgosear`lob rcscgrjk ta gjtlaos ear sajlctgi

fcoct, goh Lotcbrgtlob wctigohs `gogbc`cot goh jaoscrvgtlao lotatkc sajla-cjaiabljgi hcvciap`cot, rcspcjtlvciy.Xc Jaoecrcojc wlii fc g earu` ear `cctlob egr`crs, `gogbcrs,

hcjlslao `gmcrs, BAs goh OBAs, sjlcotlsts, praecsslaogis, ctj., taprcscot cxpcrlcojcs, praspcjts, goh cxpcjtgtlaos ao tkc lotcbrgtlao aeigoh, wgtcr, flahlvcrslty goh atkcr rcsaurjcs ear jaotrlfutlob ta g wlscsajla-cjaiabljgi hcvciap`cot.

Xc Jaoecrcojc wlii tgmc pigjc gt tkc Kucsjg Jaobrcss ^gigjc(^gigjla hc Jaobrcsas hc Kucsjg) lo tkc jlty ae Kucsjg, Kucsjg ^ravlojc,aoc ae tkc tkrcc pravlojcs ae tkc Grgbo Gutaoa`aus Ja``uolty, looartkcro Zpglo.. Xc Jaoecrcojc Ucouc ls jiasc ta g ou`fcr ae katcis

l.c. gt g 7>-63 lo wgimlob hlstgojc era` tkc katcis lo Kucsjg. Lo tkcwcf pgbc (wctigohs6>78Njslj.cs) yau wlii oh hlcrcot passlfliltlcs tapgrtljlpgtc lo tkls Jaoecrcojc. icgsc vlslt tkc rabrg``c, Jgiis goh tkVcblstrgtlao Zcjtlao goh gmc yaur jkaljc ear pgrtljlpgtlob. Le yau wlsta jaotrlfutc gs ^grtocr ar Zpaosar, picgsc vlslt tkc Cxklfltar/ZpaosarZcjtlao ar jaotgjt wltk tkc Jaoecrcojc Zcjrctgrlgt.

Hgol Falx (hgol.falxNuhb.chu)

Elb. 7. Cstgoy hc Uligt, g ercskwgtcr paoh iajgtch lo tkc Ogturgi ^grm ae Glbug`aiiC`parh. (OC ae tkc Lfcrlgo ^colosuig). Gutkar4 Hgol Falx

Elb. 6. Cstgoy hc Jgoghgi hc Fglx, g tc`pargry paoh iajgtch lo tkc piglo ae tkc Gi-fcrg @gssle (OC ae tkc Lfcrlgo ^colosuig). Gutkar4 Darhl Zgig

http://www.sws.org/http://www.europeanponds.org/http://www.europeanponds.org/http://www.palaciocongresoshuesca.es/http://www.wetlands2014.eu/http://www.wetlands2014.eu/http://www.palaciocongresoshuesca.es/http://www.europeanponds.org/http://www.europeanponds.org/http://www.sws.org/

8/9/2019 silnews64

23/26

6:Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

@ctgfails` ae loigoh wgtcrs4

jil`gtc jkgobc goh tkc gqugtlj

brccokausc bgs fgigojc.

JG^CZ (Frgzli)/OSEELJ (tkc Octkcrigohs) Jaursc ear BrghugtcZtuhcots lo Gqugtlj Cjaiaby. Zpaosarch fy tkc Lotcrogtlaogi Zajlcty aeIl`oaiaby (ZLI), 78-6> Duiy 6>78

Lovltch Zjlcotlst4 Zgrlgo Mastco, ^k.H., Vghfauh Solvcrslty Old`cbco,tkc Octkcrigohs

Arbgolzcr4 Ucrg I @ Kuszgr, vkuszgrNbfi.ja`.fr, Echcrgi Solvcrslty aeVla hc Dgoclra, Frgzli. ^kaoc (3367) 6356523>5a:883R= :2a7363.;5Z).

Xc jaursc wlii fc kastch fy tkc Echcrgi Solvcrslty ae Vla Brgohcha Oartc. Rc wlii stgy gt tkc Cjaiabljgi Ztgtlao ae Zcrlh, wkljk lsiajgtch ao tkc skarc ae g s`gii rcscrvalr, loslhc tkc Jggtlobg Fla`c log sc`l-grlh rcblao. Xc rcscrvalr ls rcbuigriy aoltarch ear il`oaiabl-jgi jkgrgjtcrlstljs. Xcrc grc oa eccs ear tkc jaursc, kauslob, goh eartrgospartgtlao era` Ogtgi ta Zcrlh. Xc stuhcots wlii pgy gfaut SZ$6> pcr hgy ear eaah (scvco hgys). rgospartgtlao ta rcgjk Ogtgi jlty, lotkc Ztgtc ae Vla Brgohc ha Oartc ls oat javcrch goh kgs ta fc euohchfy tkc stuhcots.

ZLI eogojlgi gsslstgojcRc grc trylob ta bct ZLI spaosarsklp ear stuhcots era hcvciaplobjauotrlcs, lojiuhlob Frgzli.

@gxl`u` ou`fcr ae stuhcots4 6> (lojiuhlob 8 wltk ZLI

spaosarsklp)

Ztuhcots skauih fc lo Ogtgi ao 7:tkDuiy (Zuohgy), hcpgrturc eraOgtgi ta Cjaiabljgi Ztgtlao ae Zcrlh (CZZ) wlii fc cgriy `arolob Duiy78tk(@aohgy).

IcjturcrsHr. Zgrlgo Mastco Vghfauh Solvcrslty Old`cbco, OctkcrigohsHr. Dcraco hc Miclo Rgbcolobco Solvcrslty, OctkcrigohsHr. Ugocssg Fcjmcr Solvcrslhghc Echcrgi ha Vla Brgohc

ha Oartc, FrgzliHr. Gohr @cbgil Solvcrslhghc Echcrgi ha Vla Brgohc

ha Oartc, FrgzliHr. Ogtkgo Fgrras Vghfauh Solvcrslty Old`cbco, Octkcrigohs

Hr. Vgquci @cohaog Sppsgig Solvcrslty, ZwchcoGjtlvltlcs goh icjturcs7. Lotrahujtlao ta tkc rcscgrjk sltc6. Zkart lotrahujtlao ta gqugtlj axybco goh jgrfao hyog ljs:. Avcrvlcw axybco goh jgrfao fuhbcts8. Jgrfao ahciilob3. Hctglich lostrujtlaos ear igf cssgys goh cih `cgsurc`cots -Jkiarapkyii (pkytapg`). ^rl`gry prahujtlao, rcsplrgtlao. Zchl`cot-wgtcr goh wgtcr-gt`aspkcrc bgs stuxcs (hluslvc & cfuiiltlao). Rgtcr gt`aspkcrc bgs hluslao jacjlcot. @ctkgoc axlhgtlao5. @ctgfails` ae gqugtlj cjasystc`s lo g jkgoblob warih2. @ahciilob, wctigoh O6A c`lsslaos, ilom fctwcco axybco goh outrlcothyog ljs;. Jgrfao fuhbct jgsc stuhlcs, l`partgojc ae furlgi gsscss`cot, jil`gtclostucojc ao autbgsslob. Xc raic ae kyhraiaby ao pkytapigomtao hyog`ljs77. Eaur hgys ae igf cssgys & cih `cgsurc`cots76. @ahciilob goh eurtkcr cigfargtlao ae tkc igf cssgys goh cih`cgsurc`cot7:. ^rcpgrgtlao ae prcscotgtlaos78. Braup prcscotgtlaos

G gougi (@ctgfails` ae loigoh wgtcrs4 jil gtc jkgobc goh tkc gqugtlj

brccokausc bgs fgigojc) wlii fc scot ta tkc stuhcots fy Duiy 7st

6>78

ucshgy Rchocshgy Xurshgy Erlh

BVAS Getcroaao(L)

@arolob(LL)

Getcroaao(LLL)

@arolob(LU)

Getcroaao(U)

@arolo(UL)

7 Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao

Rgtcrgt`aspkcrcbgs stuxcs

@ctkgocaxlhgtlao

Bgshluslaojacjlcot

Zchl`cotrcsplrgtlao

^igomta^&V

6 igomtao^&V

Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao

Rgtcrgt`aspkcrcbgs stuxcs

@ctkgocaxlhgtlao

Bgshluslaojacjlcot

Zchl`corcsplrgtl

: Zchl`cotrcsplrgtlao ^igomtao^&V Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao Rgtcrgt`aspkcrcbgs stuxcs

@ctkgocaxlhgtlao Bgs hljacjlc

8 Bgshluslaojacjlcot

Zchl`cotrcsplrgtlao

^igomtao^&V

Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao

Rgtcrgt`aspkcrcbgs stuxcs

@ctkgoaxlhgtla

3 @ctkgocaxlhgtlao

Bgshluslaojacjlcot

Zchl`cotrcsplrgtlao

^igomtao^&V

Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao

Rgtcrgt`aspkbgs stuxc

5 Rgtcrgt`aspkcrcbgs stuxcs

@ctkgocaxlhgtlao

Bgshluslaojacjlcot

Zchl`cotrcsplrgtlao

^igomtao^&V

Zpgtlgivgrlgtlao

^rgjtljgi sjkchuic

mailto:vhuszar@gbl.com.brmailto:vhuszar@gbl.com.br

8/9/2019 silnews64

24/26

68Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>

Jaic Daogtkgo D (6>7:) Ercskwgtcr Cjasystc`s

goh tkc Jgrfao Jyjic

Lo Mlooc, A (ch.) fy, Cxjciicojclo Cjaiaby Faam 7; LotcrogtlaogiCjaiaby Lostltutc, Aihcohare/Iukc, Bcr`goy, [ULLL+ 768^ .

:: (SZH $83). Zcrlcs LZZO>3 (Gvgligfic era tkc

pufilskcr4 kttps4//scjurc.lot-rcs.ja /ccfaams/CCFaamsArhcr.pkp

Daogtkgo D. Jaic wkasc warmls eajusch gloiy ao `ljraar-bgols`s goh jgrfao jyjilob loercskwgtcr cjasystc`s ls g hlstlo-bulskch il`oaiablst ear ocgriy 83

ycgrs oaw. Kc pgys lo kls rcscgrjkstuhlcs pgrtljuigr gttcotlao tatkc cxjkgobc ae jgrfao fctwccoercskwgtcr goh tcrrcstrlgi systc`s, gs wcii gs wltk tkc gt`aspkcrc. Kckgs fatk gs chltar goh jachltar jaotrlfutch ta scvcrgi l`partgot faamsao gqugtlj cjasystc` stuhlcs. Dao Jaic kgs scrvch ao scvcrgi sjlcotljja``lttccs, goh ao pgocis ae tkc Ogtlaogi Zjlcojc Eauohgtlao (SZG).Kc kgs fcco gisa vcry gjtlvc lo tkc G`crljgo Zajlcty ae Il`oaiaby gohAjcgoabrgpky (GZIA) ear wkljk kc arbgolzch spcjlgi scsslaos gt ltsgoougi `cctlobs. Kc wgs gisa ^rcslhcot ae GZIA era 6>>8 ta 6>>5.

Lo tkls ocw faam Dao Jaic cxg`locs tkc raic ae ercskwgtcrcjasystc`s lo tkc biafgi jgrfao jyjic goh sufscqucotiy eajuscs aotcrrcstrlgi sufslhlcs ta igmc eaah wcfs. Kc gogiyzcs tkc ja`picx`cjkgols`s rcspaoslfic ear jaovcrtlob giiajktkaoaus J lota JA6cuxta tkc gt`aspkcrc, goh hlsjusscs tkc l`partgojc ae igmc schl`cots gstkc pigocts prlojlpgi katspats ae jgrfao scqucstrgtlao. Xls vc-jkgptcrfaam stgrts wltk g frlce lotrahujtlao fy Hrs. Atta Mlooc goh @gtklgsZcg`go ta tkc faam goh faam gutkar Dakogtkgo Jaic, tkc CJL rlzc, tkcCJL Rloocrs, tkc Atta Mlooc Eauohgtlao .goh tkc CJL Rloocrs gohtkclr faams slojc 7>< Lt kausch rcscgrjkcrsgoh tcgjkcrs goh, gppgrcotiy, scrvch gs g flrtkpigjc ae ast ae tkcrcscgrjk javcrch lo tkls faam.

Lo Jkgptcr 7 ^rcegjc (vc pgbcs) tkc gutkar tgims gfaut aiiuoh@go, g ercskwgtcr `u``y, hlsjavcrch era Hco`grm goh oaw aohlspigy lo g uscu` lo Zlimcofurb, Hco`grm. Kc hrgws g pgrgiicifctwcco tkc `u``y ae Lrao Gbc Hgoc goh tkc Hgolsk il oaiablst Hr.@artao Zaohcrbggrh (wka wgs uotli igst ycgr tkc ZLI Bcocrgi Zcjrctgry)goh wka taa warmch ao jgrfao jyjic lo ercskwgtcrs. Xc cxlstcojc aesujk fab pcapic lo sa`c ercskwgtcr covlrao`cots gjjarhlob ta Daogicrts us gfaut tkc wgy arbgolj gttcr ls jyjich lo ercskwgtcrs ls hlcrcottkgo lo sgit wgtcrs Daogtkgo Jaic tgims gfaut tkc avcriy ajcgoabrgpkljvlcw ae igmc cjasystc`s, l.c. ast J ja`cs igrbciy era` prl`gryprahujtlao goh ls tkus gutajktkaoaus, arbgolj J . Kc jaoslhcrs tkls gs

g kcr`ctlj vlcw ae J Jyjic tkgt lboarcs giiajktkaoaus J. jgrrlch avcrera` tkc tl`cs ae Earfcs (7.6. Zujk hlcrcojcs wauih fc gisa rcstcjtch lo go-`ghc

paohs (grcg 97 kg) goh rcscrvalrs (grcg ?6>>>m`6

) fatk ae wkljk kgvcvcry klbk furlgi rgtcs ae arbgolj J. Xc rgtc ae furlgi ls lovcrsciy prapatlaogi ta tkc grcg ae tkc systc` (Iab furlgi0-6< x iab (grcg)+:4 scc Elb. p.75). Lt scc`s ast igmcs grc supcrsgturgtch lo JA6goh grc tkus saurae JA6c`lsslao ta tkc gt`aspkcrc. Zujk go cxjkgobc ls igrbc coaubkja``goh eurtkcr lotcrcst gt tkc biafgi sjgic.

Jkgptcr : hcgis wltk ^gttcros gboltuhcs ae tcrrcstrlgi sufslhlcs4grc sk `ghc era trccs1 Lo tkc 8: pgbcs (pgbcs. 62-5

8/9/2019 silnews64

25/26

63Zliocws 584 Duoc 6>78

tkaoaus prl gry prahujtlao. @arcavcr, lt ls cqugiiy lotcrcstlob ta oatctkgt lo goy igmcs rcsplrgtlao ls brcgtcr tkgo brass prl`gry prahujtlao(V0?B^^). Giiajktkaoy ls stuhlch lo igmcs uslob g`flcot stgfic lsatapcsar rghla-lsatapcs. Xc gutkar prcscots go lotcrcstlob rcvlcw ae tkc stgtcae aur moawichbc gfaut tkc giiajktkaoy ae mcy jaosu`crs ar ja`-pgrt`cots lo igmcs, stgrtlob wltk tap jaosu`crs sk (gfic 3= ^. :3)hawowgrhs ta fgjtcrlg, goh cohlob wltk stgohlob stajms ae HA@ goh^A@.

XcGiiajktkaoy Jaotravcrsyls jaotlouch lo tkc ocxt 68 pgbcs tkgtear Jkgptcr 8. rauts grc `ghc ae trccs, (Elb. 6>= .26), tkc faamjavcr ae Zgyrc goh Cocic (6>>;) jaovcys tkc vcry gpt cssgbc ta tkcrcghcr gfaut tkc l`partgojc ae giiajktkaoaus gtcrlgi lo igmcs. Xcjkgptcr gisa su``grlzcs tkc hgtg era` wkaic