Siemens Energy Sector Solutions for Carbon Capture and · PDF file · 2009-08-18Slide 17 December 2008 Energy Sector © Siemens AG 2008 Gas Turbine Generators Air ... 2 Syngas Compressor

© Siemens AG 2008Energy SectorVersion4 – October 2008

Siemens Energy Sector

Solutions for Carbon Capture and Storage

„Development and Implementation of Post-Combustion CaptureTechnology“

Dr. Hermann Kremer

Energy SectorDecember 2008Slide 1 © Siemens AG 2008

Market & Investment Environment

Innovative Power Generation Technologies

CO2-capture technologies (overview)

IGCC with Pre-Combustion Capture

Post-Combustion Capture

Capture-Ready / Retrofit solutions for SPP

Innovative Solutions for Power Generation










Renewables are gaining in importance –but fossil fuels will continue to be the mainstay

2005 2030

18,000

35,000

2.7 % p.a.

Fossil fuels

62%67%

7%

16%

15%

20%

40%

Gas23%

Hydro15%

Nuclear14%

Oil3%

Coal36%

Renewables(excl. hydro)

in 2005: 400 TWh(2% of total)

Renewables(excl. hydro)

in 2030: 3,200 TWh(9% of total)

BiomassWind

Geo-thermal

Solar 1% Geo-thermal

Solar

Biomass

Wind

Others 1%

Source: Siemens Energy Sector, GS4 base case 1) Terrawatt-hours

55%28%

16%

13%

51%

29%6%

Power generation (in TWh1) )


We expect our Environmental Portfolio to grow by at least 10% percent per year

€ 16.9 bn

€ 25 bn

Business volume Environmental Portfolio2011e2007

Our goal: Growth

Our Environmental Portfolio accounts for €16,9 bn. (2007) (or 23%) of our total revenues

We expect it to grow to €25 bn. by 2011, equaling an annual growth of 10%

An independent review of PricewaterhouseCoopers confirmed Siemens data

+ 10%


CO2 abatement of our products and solutions alreadymore than 20 times greater than our own GHG footprint

2007 2011e

5.1 mio t

Siemens GHG emissions fromproduction (in million tons)

114 mio t

275 mio t

CO2 abatement at our customers (in million tons)

2007

Abatementfrom newly installed products and solutions Abatement from previous installations

Σ ~ 276 mio tTotal emissions equivalent

Tokyo

New York City

London

Singapore

Hong Kong

Rome

~60 Mt

~60 Mt

~50 Mt

~50 Mt

~40 Mt

~15 Mt










Contribution of steam power plant developmenttowards environmental compliance

47 %STPP efficiency

Reference STPP NRW designed for 600 MW

- 20.2%

2004

STPP Bergkamendesigned for 747 MW

37.5 %STPP efficiency

Basis

1981

STPP Isogo 1designed for 600 MW

42 % STPP efficiency

- 11.8%

2001

STPP 50plus (E.ON)designed for 500 MW

>50 %STPP efficiency

- 25.0%

2015

Reduction of CO2 emissions

Increasing efficiency is the key driver to more environmental friendly STPPs, suppliers and generators need to strive for


Steam Turbines for 700°C SPP–the next generation of big steam power plants

State of the art:47% net efficiency600°C, 250 bar

Goal:> 50% net efficiency700°C, 350 bar

The way there:New materials and design concepts(innovative components: HP and IP turbines and valves)Component test facility COMTES700 at Scholven since 2005Engineering study NRWPP700 since 2006(financing through NRW and 700°C partners)Demo plant 550 MW

approx. 7% less fuel consumption

and CO2


CCPP Irsching 4, 530 MW

SGT5-8000H

> 60%CC efficiency

2001 1992 1996 2010

CCPP Mainz-Wiesbaden

SGT5-4000F

58 %CC efficiency

CCPP Didcot

SGT5-4000F

56 % CC efficiency

CCPP Killinghome

SGT5-2000E

52 % CC efficiency

- 212.000 t/a CO2Basis - 164.000 t/a CO2- 113.000 t/a CO2

Reduction of CO2 Emission (scaled to 530MW)

Siemens Combined Cycle:Efficiency Evolution


Energy efficiency and Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) are key Solutions to Reaching Emission Reductions Targets

EU emissions, Gt CO2/year, 2030

CCS contribution already crucial in 2030, in Europe approx. 100 power plants with CCS

Other (e.g. agriculture)

3.2IEA* alternative policy scenario

0.4CCS potential

2.8IEA* alterntive policy Scenario incl. CCS

4.2IEA* reference scenario

0.5Energy efficiency

0.2Renewables’ growth

0.3

6

It is globally accepted by now that CCS is indispensable for reaching global carbon emissions reduction targets

*IEA = International Energy AgencySource:ZEP General Assembly, November 10, 2008 , Brussels










The three technology pathways for CCS

Gasification Syngas cleaningCO shift CO2 capture

CO2

FuelO2

Combined Cyclewith H2 turbine

Conventional SPP Flue gas cleaningCoalAir

CO2 capture

Conventional PP with CO2 scrubbing

CO2

O2

Combustion(steam generator)

CO2Coal

recycling

Flue gascleaning Condensation

ST Cycle G

CO2 / H2O

Indirect Oxyfuel(Working medium steam, conventional)

CO2 Capture before Combustion (Pre-combustion)

CO22 Capture after Combustion (Post-combustion)

Integrated CO2 Capture (Indirect Oxyfuel)

Research needs

Conventional


CO2 Scrubbing proven technology,but Post-combustion capture need new or modified solvents and processes

CO2 Absorption/Desorption is proven technology in the chemical processing and in the oil & gas industriesLicensed technology is integrated in the chemical production processes The climate change/carbon capture discussion has initiated a word wide technology development push

Physical Absorption Chemical Absorptionintegrated in chemical plant

For Post-combustion carbon capture new ormodified solvents and processes are needed

For Pre-combustion carbon capture in IGCC proven gas treatment processes are available

CO2 Scrubbing in the Processing Industries

“high partial pressure of CO2”“lower partial pressure of CO2”


Gasification technology with multi-fuel capability for new power plants

Technology “ready for implementation”

Alternative route for chemical / fuel production, hydrogen economy

Mastering higher technological and contractual complexity with “Siemens phased project execution offer”

Scalable market introduction, Demoplants withslipstreams, minimize upgrade risk in process trains

Enhancement potential for solvents, scrubbing process and for integration into the power plants

For retrofit and new fossil fired power plants

Siemens develops capture process (solvent amino acid salt formulations) and has established partnership with Powerspan (ECO/ECO2 technology)

Siemens preferred solutions for CO2 capture

Siemens Fuel Gasifier Siemens IGCC in Puertollano (E)Siemens scrubbing process test lab

Post-Combustion carbon capture plant design

Siemens solutions will be ready for the implementation in the upcoming Demoprojects

IGCC / Pre-combustion carbon capture Post-combustion carbon capture










IGCC Plant design and Siemens scope

Combined Cycle

FT Synthesis

Methanol Synthesis

Ammonia Production

Clean

Syngas

Power

Transportation

fuels

Methanol

Ammonia /

Fertilizer

Hydrogen

Coal

Lignite

Power Island

Chemicals and SynfuelProduction

Fuel Gas Island Applications

Fuel preparation

Petcoke

Air Separation Unit

Gasifier Island

Gasifier

CO Shift(optional)

Sulfur Removal

CO2 Removal(optional)

Refinery

residues

Biomass

Siemens Basic Engineering & Design Siemens Supply of Key Equipment Siemens EPC


Gas Turbine Generators Air / N2 / O2 / CO2 Syngas Compressor Trains

O & M ServicesSiemens Solutions for IGCC Power Plants

Instrumentation & Control Systems

Steam TurbineGenerators

Gasifiers Reference Power Plants

Siemens will provide key components and systems for IGCC power pSiemens will provide key components and systems for IGCC power plantslants

Environmental Control

O & M Services










Siemens Post-combustion Carbon Capture Technology for Steam Power Plants

Siemens is continuously investing in innovative power generation technology (50+)

Siemens advanced POSTCAP Technology ready for a Demonstration Project in July 2010 (solvent amino acid salt formulation)

Partnership with Powerspan (ECO/ECO2 technology, solvent aqueous ammonia) and with other R&D Institutions for “third”generation solvents and capture processes

Adapted standard compressor solutions for CO2 transportation and injection

Capture Ready / Retrofit measures defined

Siemens is well prepared as partner for the implementationof the “CCS First Mover Demoprojects”

“Post-combustion capture preferable,scalable market introduction,

multi-train concepts,risks mitigation”

CO2 capture policies still not predictable and regionally deviant

In the EU likely in 2009:Capture ready mandatory > 300 MWDirective for CCS and funding mechanism for Demo-Projects

Our customers are aiming for “robust portfolio” and “retrofit solutions”

Current Challenges in CCS Siemens offer proposal


Alliance between Powerspan and SiemensPost-Combustion Carbon Capture with ECO2 Technology

Siemens ScopeAbsorber Design/SupplyProcess Mechanical ScopeDetail Design/Purchase/Supply

Powerspan ProcessesECO-SO2 OnlyECO is NOx, SO2 & HgECO2 is CO2 Capture Process

Powerspan StatusECO Ready for Commercial Awards

AMP Ohio to utilizeECO2 – Pilot Unit operationalFeed Studies

First Energy BurgerNRG Indian RiverBasin Antelope ValleyBasin NextGen

CO2 Demo MOU’s 125 MW SizeNRG TexasBasin Antelope Valley

Siemens ScopeAbsorber Design/SupplyProcess Mechanical ScopeDetail Design/Purchase/Supply

Powerspan ProcessesECO-SO2 OnlyECO is NOx, SO2 & HgECO2 is CO2 Capture Process

Powerspan StatusECO Ready for Commercial Awards

AMP Ohio to utilizeECO2 – Pilot Unit operationalFeed Studies

First Energy BurgerNRG Indian RiverBasin Antelope ValleyBasin NextGen

CO2 Demo MOU’s 125 MW SizeNRG TexasBasin Antelope Valley

Powerspan Alliance Burger Commercial Unit - 50 MW ECO

Powerspan Alliance Burger Commercial Unit - 50 MW ECO


Siemens Post-Combustion Technology Development

Basis: Amino Acid Salt Formulations

Siemens in Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Technology for Steam Power Plants


Absorption column with operating

pressure up to 10 barReboiler made of glass so that boiling retardation effects can be recognized

Desorption column

Siemens lab plant for CO2 capture tests at Frankfurt Hoechst Industrial Park

Siemens Energy runs a fully automated lab plant for CO2 capture for 24/7 operation.

Fully automated DCS system

NDIR CO2 analytic

Synthetic gas flue gas mixtures


Ammonia

MEA

Amino acid Amino acid salt

CH

NCH

R

R’O

O

K+ -

NH

HH

CH

NCH

R

R’OH

O

Salts have no vapor pressure

Negative ion is less sensitive to O2

Amino acids are naturally present

• No thermodynamic solvent emissions

• Not inflammable• Not explosive• Odorless• No inhalation risk

• Low degradation• Biodegradable• Nontoxic• Environmentally

friendly

CH

2

NHOCH2

H

H

Amino acid salt is the basis of our solvent

Solvents based on amino acid salts are economic, have low environmental impact and are easy to handle.

No vapor pressure

Chemically stable

Naturally present


Precipitation is an option

for next-generation (2nd+) solvent

Preferred reaction mode

OHH

Amino acid salt

+

Low

temperature

Carbamate salt

+

Heat

pH

+O=C=OO=C=O

OHH

OHH

OHH

Carbonate salt

Desorber

Absorber

COOKR NH

CH

R‘

COOK

Amino acid salt

Reaction mechanism for absorption and desorption of CO2 with amino acid salt

Intermediate reaction products fulfill the same HSE standard as amino acid salts.

Bicarbonate salt2 +

C C

O

O R'

H

N +H

R

HK +

C

O

OOH

C C

O

O R'

H

N+

H

R

HK

+

C

O

OO 2

C CO

O R'

H

NC

R

O

OK+

C CO

O R'

H

N+

H

R

HK

+

C CO

O R'

H

NH

R

K+


-280 MWth

500 MWth

-100 MWth50 MWel-240 MWth

-90 MWth

5 MWel3 MWel

3 MWel

40-45°C 90-105°C

CO2 concentration 99% pressure 120-200 bar

approx. 120°C

Non-CCS reference plant:• SSP5-6000 (800 MWel,net,

600°C/610°C/270bar)• Hard coal• Net efficiency 45.7%*

without CCS• 1750 €/kWel,net (2008)

Standard process design for absorption and desorption of CO2

With standard process layout, the efficiency is 10.4%-pts. lower thanthe reference hard-coal fired power plant.

-6.6%-pts.

• Heating up solvent

• Desorption of CO2• Evaporation of

reflux water

-3.1%-pts.

-0.4%-pts.

-0.3%-pts.

High absorption rate

Stringent environmental requirements are easily met

Low degradation (O2)

Solvent slip nearly zero

Siemens CO2 compressorsolutions

Low energy demand

*all efficiencies on LHV basis


FG C

oole

r

F101

a/b

F102

a/b

Abs

orbe

r

Des

orbe

r

Pilot plant at an E.ON hard coal steam power plant in Germany, start-up 08/2009

Most critical step in the development is the validation of the process in a pilot plant under real flue gas conditions

Flue gas long-term experience: stability, emissions, corrosion

Operating parameters: start-up, part load, …

Further model validation

Tests for next-generation solvents

Expected pilot plant results

Standard process layout is used in the first pilot plant for better comparison of results.

Water quenching with optional KOH dosing desulphurization

DN200industrial packing150 Nm3/h slip stream

DN150Atmospheric pressure


Further process improvements in several development fields are ongoing

Potential improvements of advanced process configuration and integration of CO2 compression decreases the efficiency drop to 9.2 %-points.

Lab-proven:∆η -9,2%-pt

Equipment Optimization

Efficiency

Investment CostsScale-Up

• Pressure Drop• Type of Equipment (e.g. packing)

• Size• Material

• Large Distributors• Train Concept • Heat Integration

• Split Loop Configuration

ProcessConfigurationProcess

Optimization

Power Plant Integration

ProcessConditions

• Low Temperature Heat Integration• Adaption of Turbine Operating Charactaristics

• Pump around• Desorber Pressure• Process temp.

Solvent Optimization

Corrosiveness Chemical Stability

Kinetics

• Material of Equipment (e.g. packing)

• Additives• Structure of Solvent

• Activation• Enhanced Mass Transfer

Capacity• Concentration of AAS• Solubility• New Functional AAS


2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Start-up pilot plant with E.ON

(hard coal)

Plant dynamics: From base load to transient load

conditions

Commissioning of full scale CCS

demo plant

Pilot plant with other fuel (e.g. natural

gas or lignite)

2008

Lab plant, continuous operation

Improved process layout: 9.2%-pts efficiency drop

Standard process layout:10.4%-pts efficiency drop

new

Major next steps on the way to a full scale post-combustion demo plant

Amino acid salt post-combustion process has major advantages and improvement potential for a commercially viable CCS plant.

Ready for basic engineering










“Capture Ready Requirements”All measures defined - reference Siemens steam power plant layout SSP5-6000

Steam turbines• extraction of approx. 50 % of LP

cross over steam• options for modification of turbines

depend on operation modes(part load, full load capability w/o CO2 capture, other plant and site conditions)

Steam turbine buildingsufficient space/foundation for:• modification of turbines• steam and condensate pipes• installation of heat exchangers

Our offer proposal:Integration of carbon capture unit into thepower plant“Capture Ready / Retrofit Solutions”

FGD• either consider capacity

extension in column design• or provide space for

additional FGD unit

Air heatingOptional: space for installation of heat exchanger(s) for lowest grade heat utilization

Exhaust ducts• consider ∆p from CO2

absorption unit • later flue gas connection to

capture unit (T-branch)

Flue gas fan• upgradeable design• or additional space for

installation of second fan downstream of FGD

Electrical auxiliary loadsufficient space for:• additional auxiliary transformer(s)• switchyard• cable routes

Condensate system,sufficient space for:• heat exchangers for low grade

heat utilization• additional piping routes with

supporting structure / racks

Cooling systemsufficient space for:• additional circulation pumps• service water system• sufficient cooling capacity of

cooling tower

Raw water & cooling water supply / Waste water treatment• sufficient space for enlargement• secure water utilization rights

..\..\capture ready\Animation\Fassung 25.11.08\CCapture_OTC_sound.avi


Instrumentation & Control Systems

Chemical Engineering

O&M Services

CO2 Compression

Air Quality Control

Proprietary 2nd generation post-combustion process

Power Plant Technology

Post-Combustion Capture TechnologiesSiemens competencies

Alliance with POWERSPAN


Technology pushR&D funding for key technologiesFunding for full-scale demo projectsFair risk sharing between suppliers, operators and the public

Market pullReliable long-term investment incentivesGlobal perspectives for equipment suppliers

Legal basis and acceptanceLegislation for geological storagePublic relations in an open dialogueCooperation of politics, industry, NGOs

1 32

……..three forces are needed to realize a sustainable energy supply

Climate protection is feasible……

Only through joint forces of politics, power sector and industryclimate protection can become reality

© Siemens AG 2008Energy SectorVersion4 – October 2008

Many thanks foryour kind attention !


Disclaimer

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Documents

Siemens Energy Sector Solutions for Carbon Capture and · PDF file · 2009-08-18Slide 17 December 2008 Energy Sector © Siemens AG 2008 Gas Turbine Generators Air ... 2 Syngas Compressor