EQUALITY IN FYR MACEDONIA, 2000-2011 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union.

EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA

GENDER AT A GLANCE WOMEN

MEN DEMOGRAPHICS

POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 Source: UN World Population Prospects.

WOMEN

MEN

0% 50% 100%

Construction

Transportation and storage

Public administration and defence

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Wholesale and retail trade; repairs

Manufacturing

Education

Human health and social work

LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64) , 2000- 2011 Source: GenderStats.

SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR*(%), 2012 Source: EuroStat. *Sectors include those with over 5% of total employment.

6%

7%

20%

14%

17%

7%

5%

6%

Score Max Rank Year

World Economic Forum Global Gender Gap Index 0.6968 1 61/135 2012

UNDP Gender Empowerment Measure 0.641 1 35/109 2009

OECD Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.1047 0 5/86 2012

GLOBAL INDICES

WOMEN

MEN

0% 50% 100%

Agriculture

Services

Science

Engineering, manufacturing and construction

Social science, business and law

Humanities and arts

Health

Education

SHARE OF TERTIARY GRADUATES BY AREA OF STUDY (%), 2010 Source: GenderStats.

FYR MACEDONIA GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$4,6901 Population living below US$2.50 9%2

Most recent…. Government Gender Action Plan 2013-2016 Country Gender Assessment 2013, World Bank

Sector share of total

employment

Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2ECAPOV, 2008. Estimated as of September 2013.

0-4

10-14

20-24

30-34

40-44

50-54

60-64

70-74

80-84

90-94

100+

40

50

60

70

80

90

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

0

50

100

Female grosssecondaryenrollment

Female laborforce participation

(ages 15-64)

Women's monthlywages as a share

of men's(unadjusted)

Share of womenin parliament

2000

2011*

JOBS

EDUCATION

*Female gross secondary enrollment (2010); Women’s wages as a share of men’s (2010); Share of women in parliament (2013).

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FYR Macedonia Europe & Central

Asia

OECD Upper Middle

Income

Year*

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics

Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 89 91 103 102 105 104 111 110 2010

Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 84 83 100 97 99 99 84 87 2010

Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 36 42 54 66 62 74 33 40 2010

Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 92 93 98 99 101 101 97 99 2009

Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 99 96 99 98 96 91 2010

Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 17 27 25 31 2011

Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 99 - 98 - 100 - 104 2010

Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 77 73 80 77 82 71 75 2011

Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 10 - 21 - 19 - 64 2010

Fertility rates (births per woman) - 1.4 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.8 2011

Access to Economic Opportunity

Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 78 51 77 62 79 62 83 65 2011

Unemployment (% of labor force) 31.8 30.8 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 2011

Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 55.7 54.8 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 2011

Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 31 24 22 15 18 13 2011

Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3

living in household

Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 36 - - - 2009

Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's

wages, unadjusted)

- 7 - - - 2010

Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of

total non-agricultural employment)

- 42 - 47 - 46 - 39 2010

Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 76 72 73 66 86 80 62 53 2011

Agency

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 34 - 24 - 25 - 22 2013

Firms with female top managers (%) - 19 - - - 2009

Share of women among ministers (%) - 14 - 19 - 24 - 15 2012

Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or

beating his wife

*Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year.

Data from GenderStats (extracted September 10, 2013), UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central stat ist ics off ice of FYR M acedonia.

KEY INDICATORS

Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013).

The constitution of FYR Macedonia guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership

and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws restricting the

industries in which women may work. More specifically, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in the areas of

mining, construction, metalworking, and factories. Women are entitled to 270 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. The law guarantees pregnant and

nursing women workplace protections from dismissal; however, the law does not guarantee placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave or rights to a

flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is

64 and 62, respectively. There is legislation specifically addressing domestic violence that includes emotional, physical, and sexual abuse (does not include financial abuse).

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized, internationally comparable sources.

WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender

ROMA POPULATION

Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for FYR Macedonia (2011).

KEY INDICATORS Roma Non-Roma

Male Female Male Female Literacy rate (16+) 91% 75% 98% 95% Gross enrollment rate (Upper-secondary education 16-19) 30% 24% 62% 67% Average years of education (25-64) 6.9 5.1 10.8 10.2 Employment rate (15-64) 35% 10% 49% 26% Unemployment rate (15-64) 45% 70% 22% 35%

PERCEPTIONS Educational expectation for boys/girls (16+)…

Roma Non-Roma For boys For girls For boys For girls

Primary education 1% 2% 5% 1% Lower secondary education 10% 13% 1% 1% Upper secondary education 38% 38% 14% 20% Post-secondary education 51% 46% 80% 78% Roma Non-Roma Believe it somewhat or fully acceptable… Male Female Male Female For a man to slap his wife 30% 22% 13% 8% For a wife to slap her husband 8% 10% 7% 6% Felt discriminated against because of… Ethnicity 39% 31% 10% 10% Gender 9% 15% 4% 4%

POVERTY Roma Non-Roma

PPP$2.15 expenditures based 8% 3% PPP$4.30 expenditures based 29% 7%