Shane.m Dictionary pt. 2Shane.m Dictionary pt. 2

Goal FourGoal Four

Voir Dire Voir Dire

• When a judge or attorney question When a judge or attorney question potential jurors for a specific case in potential jurors for a specific case in order to determine if they are biased order to determine if they are biased or not.or not.

SlanderSlander

• Spoken lies about a person with Spoken lies about a person with intent to harm their reputationintent to harm their reputation

He punches orphans!He punches orphans!

Service LearningService Learning

• Volunteer services combine with Volunteer services combine with academic curriculumacademic curriculum

Third partiesThird parties

• In a two party system, any party In a two party system, any party besides the two dominant ones.besides the two dominant ones.

Patronage Patronage

• A way of winning support by doing A way of winning support by doing favors and helping out a certain favors and helping out a certain group.group.

•

• Friends?Friends?

Canvassing Canvassing

• A political tool used to convince a A political tool used to convince a person that they’re candidate is person that they’re candidate is worth voting for.worth voting for.

Vote for Me!Vote for Me!

Mass MediaMass Media

• The large sources of news E.X. T.V. The large sources of news E.X. T.V. and Radioand Radio

One Party SystemOne Party System

• A type of government where one A type of government where one party reigns supreme Ex.: communist party reigns supreme Ex.: communist china china

Media BiasMedia Bias

• When the media displays partiality to When the media displays partiality to one political sideone political side

“ “liberal liberal liberal”liberal liberal liberal”

Republicans Republicans

• One of the two major parties, tends One of the two major parties, tends to be conservativeto be conservative

• Their symbol is the elephant Their symbol is the elephant

Moderate Moderate

• Someone who is between a liberal and a Someone who is between a liberal and a conservative on the political spectrumconservative on the political spectrum

Liberal Liberal

ConservativeConservative

ModerateModerate

Plurality vote Plurality vote

• A vote that has the highest A vote that has the highest percentage but not a majority percentage but not a majority

Caucus Caucus

• A political meeting of people with A political meeting of people with similar political views similar political views

Arbitration Arbitration

• When a third party is chosen to When a third party is chosen to decide upon a solution for an decide upon a solution for an argument.argument.

He’s RightHe’s Right

Independents Independents

• People who are not affiliated with either People who are not affiliated with either main political partymain political party

Dems RepsDems Reps

Independents Independents

Goal 5 Goal 5

Oral ArgumentsOral Arguments

• Spoken Arguments Spoken Arguments

At large CandidateAt large Candidate• A person chosen to represent a A person chosen to represent a

entire region or community, not just entire region or community, not just one particular place.one particular place.

Zoning Issues Zoning Issues

• Issues involving which land belongs Issues involving which land belongs to whom. Usually involves to whom. Usually involves overlapping property linesoverlapping property lines

Majority opinionMajority opinion

• When most justices feel a certain When most justices feel a certain way about a case way about a case

Hung Jury Hung Jury

• A jury that cannot reach a verdict.A jury that cannot reach a verdict.

Capital OffenseCapital Offense

• An offensive that may result in the An offensive that may result in the death penaltydeath penalty

Original jurisdictionOriginal jurisdiction

• When a court has the ability to view When a court has the ability to view a case firsta case first

SettlementsSettlements

• A deal brokered out side of court A deal brokered out side of court

Goal 6Goal 6JurisprudenceJurisprudence

The study of lawThe study of law

Legal CodesLegal Codes

• A set of laws and punishments for A set of laws and punishments for breaking specific lawsbreaking specific laws

Iroquois League Iroquois League

• A democratic union of the Iroquois A democratic union of the Iroquois Native American Tribes Native American Tribes

Justinian Codes Justinian Codes

• A compilation of Roman laws made A compilation of Roman laws made by the Byzantine (Greco-Roman) by the Byzantine (Greco-Roman) Emperor Justinian IEmperor Justinian I

Public lawPublic law

• Law dealing with individuals or Law dealing with individuals or groupsgroups

• Civil lawsCivil laws

Family LawFamily Law

• Laws dealing with relations and Laws dealing with relations and conditions within a family Ex. conditions within a family Ex. divorcesdivorces

International lawInternational law

• Law that applies to all nations Law that applies to all nations

Sheriffs Department Sheriffs Department

• Provides law enforcement for a Provides law enforcement for a particular county particular county

Labor unionsLabor unions

• Unify and represent workersUnify and represent workers

ProbationProbation

• Issued in place of jail timeIssued in place of jail time

• A set of conditions that a person A set of conditions that a person must follow Ex. Going to AAmust follow Ex. Going to AA

Boot Camps Boot Camps

Military esque alternatives to juvenile Military esque alternatives to juvenile detention centers detention centers

National Aeronautics And National Aeronautics And Space AdministrationSpace Administration

• NASA is the US Space ProgramNASA is the US Space Program

CompensationCompensation

• When a defendant is court-ordered to When a defendant is court-ordered to compensate for the prosecutors losescompensate for the prosecutors loses

• Usually monetarily Usually monetarily

Goal 7Goal 7EconomicsEconomics

• The study of how individuals The study of how individuals businesses and nations can best use businesses and nations can best use their resources their resources

Natural resourcesNatural resources

• Resources that can be found in Resources that can be found in nature.nature.

The four basic factors of The four basic factors of productionproduction

• The four driving factors of production The four driving factors of production are land labor entrepreneurship and are land labor entrepreneurship and capital capital

LandLand

• Either the area where a firm is Either the area where a firm is located or natural resources found on located or natural resources found on it.it.

CapitalCapital

• All structures and equipment All structures and equipment involved in the production processinvolved in the production process

EntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurship

• The thinking that guides the The thinking that guides the production processproduction process

LaborLabor

• The physical and mental work that The physical and mental work that goes into the production processgoes into the production process

Opportunity costOpportunity cost

• When you choose one option over When you choose one option over anotheranother

Variable costsVariable costs

• Costs that go up and down based on Costs that go up and down based on the number producedthe number produced

AgribusinessAgribusiness

• Big, industrialized farmsBig, industrialized farms

Goal 8Goal 8Traditional economiesTraditional economies

• Economies based on tradition and Economies based on tradition and making just enough to survive. Ex. making just enough to survive. Ex. Subsidence farmingSubsidence farming

Command economiesCommand economies

• An economy where the government An economy where the government controls the means of production and controls the means of production and decides what to produce decides what to produce

• Ex. Former Soviet UnionEx. Former Soviet Union

Market Economy Market Economy

• An economy based on limited An economy based on limited government interference and free government interference and free trade. trade.

Free Enterprise systemFree Enterprise system

• A system based on economic actors A system based on economic actors buying and selling what they want.buying and selling what they want.

• Ex. U.S.Ex. U.S.

The Goal of ConsumersThe Goal of Consumers

• The consumers goal is to be their The consumers goal is to be their needed/wanted products as cheaply needed/wanted products as cheaply as possibleas possible

The goal of producersThe goal of producers

• The producers want to make as The producers want to make as much profit as possible on selling much profit as possible on selling their producttheir product

Productivity and EfficiencyProductivity and Efficiency

• Producers strive to make their Producers strive to make their products quickly and cheaply so that products quickly and cheaply so that the may make a bigger profitthe may make a bigger profit

PatentPatent

• a patent is a recognized right to the a patent is a recognized right to the use of an inventionuse of an invention

The law of supplyThe law of supply

• Producers will only create products Producers will only create products that will bring in profitthat will bring in profit

The law of demandThe law of demand

• States that people will only buy what States that people will only buy what they have a need for.they have a need for.

The law of supply and The law of supply and demanddemand

• States that consumers will demand States that consumers will demand what they need/want and producers what they need/want and producers will supply it as long as they can will supply it as long as they can make a profit.make a profit.

Goal 9Goal 9Business cycle Business cycle

• The economic ups and downs that The economic ups and downs that accompany capitalism.accompany capitalism.

ExpansionExpansion

• The part of the business cycle when The part of the business cycle when the economy is growing.the economy is growing.

PeakPeak

• The top of the economic journey The top of the economic journey when the economy is at its apex.when the economy is at its apex.

ContractionContraction

• follows the peakfollows the peak

• Characterized by rising interest Characterized by rising interest rates, increasing unemployment and rates, increasing unemployment and falling productionfalling production

TroughTrough

• The bottom, production inches along, The bottom, production inches along, unemployment is high, and the stock unemployment is high, and the stock market is suffering.market is suffering.

National DebtNational Debt

• How much a country owes to other How much a country owes to other economic entities. Usually an economic entities. Usually an economic indicatoreconomic indicator

Environmental protection Environmental protection agencyagency

• Enforces legislation that protects the Enforces legislation that protects the environment from pollution.environment from pollution.

Workplace safetyWorkplace safety

• Government standards and Government standards and regulations enforce Workplace safetyregulations enforce Workplace safety

Consumer ProtectionConsumer Protection

• The government checks products to The government checks products to see if they are potentially harmful.see if they are potentially harmful.

Population shiftsPopulation shifts

• When a large portion of a population When a large portion of a population moves.moves.

Sun Belt Sun Belt

• The area stretching from NC through The area stretching from NC through the Deep south all the way to the Deep south all the way to CaliforniaCalifornia

Goal 10Goal 10Civic Responsibility Civic Responsibility

• The obligations that you have to your The obligations that you have to your local community (not required)local community (not required)

Legal Responsibilities Legal Responsibilities

• A citizen is responsible for obeying A citizen is responsible for obeying his countries lawshis countries laws

CompromiseCompromise

• Agreeing to give up a little of what Agreeing to give up a little of what you want to reach an agreementyou want to reach an agreement

AgeismAgeism

• Viewing people negatively because Viewing people negatively because of their age.of their age.

DiscriminationDiscrimination

• Denying a person a job because of Denying a person a job because of their race.their race.

Law and OrderLaw and Order

• One of the major challenges of One of the major challenges of society is how to most efficiently society is how to most efficiently stomp out crime.stomp out crime.

Prison ReformPrison Reform

• Reforming the penal system Reforming the penal system especially the prisons themselvesespecially the prisons themselves

DiseaseDisease

• A wide spread illness that the US A wide spread illness that the US must deal with.must deal with.

Grafting and political Grafting and political corruptioncorruption

• When a political leader uses their When a political leader uses their position to “line their pocket”position to “line their pocket”

Baby boomersBaby boomers

• The generation born right after WWIIThe generation born right after WWII

Graying populationGraying population

• The current population of aging The current population of aging citizens, namely the baby boomers. citizens, namely the baby boomers.