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SEVEN LAYER MONUMENTS OF THE EARLY OLD KINGDOM FORTHCOMMING إن شاء

SEVEN LAYER MONUMENTS OF THE EARLY OLD KINGDOMnabilswelim.com/downloads/MSP_Pre.pdf.pdf · 2016. 4. 29. · FUNERARYPYRAMIDS Are: Stepped, Bent, Benben, or of True forms with some

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  • SEVEN LAYER MONUMENTS OF THE EARLY OLD KINGDOM

    FORTHCOMMING

    شاء هللا إن

  • FUNERARY PYRAMIDS

    Are: Stepped, Bent, Benben , or of True forms with some PROPERTIES namely:

    1 - Correctness of SHAPE, 2 - STABILITY of Edifice, 3 - Maintain Ancestral TRADITIONS, 4 - Solar, Oserian, Astral and Royal CULTS.

    7 LAYER MONUMENTS OF THE EARLY OLD KINGDOM

    Are NOT tombs, and are missing the PROPERTIES of Funerary Pyramids:

    1 -Their plans are FAULTY, and their ultimate shape is UNCERTAIN,

    2 - Their stability is QUESTIONABLE,

    3 –There are no architectural FORERUNNERS that we know of,

    4 – Only a few signs of RELIGIOUS RITUALS.

  • Early Old Kingdom Masonry

  • Third Dynasty Façades

  • Third Dynasty Layer Masonry

  • Early O.K. Outer Facing

  • Geographical Location

  • Layer Monument Masonry

    Seila

    Hebenu

    Sinki

    El Kula

  • L. M. Concretions, Granite, Lime and Sand Stone

  • Map of The Nile Fayum Divide

  • Contour Map of the Site of Seila

    and an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

  • Seila, Section by Lauer, Plan by Bakai - Lesco

  • Seila: North and South Sides

  • Seila: East and West Sides

  • Seila Principal Plan

  • Seila

  • Seila, North, South and West Descending Wadies

  • The Eastern Chapel Embankment

  • Seila Embankment, Eastern Chapel

  • Seila, Trench in The South of the Embankment

    Looking East

    Looking West

  • Seila, Robbers Trench

  • Written Material in the Robbers Trench

  • Seila, Bones in the Robbers Trench

  • Similarity of Foundations of Outer Facing at Seila, Sinki and Elephantine

  • Outer Facing at: Seila, Hebenu and Sinki

  • Seila, Outer Facing Herders and Stretchers

  • Seila, The Step and Slope: Stone Objects ‘B’, ‘C’, and ‘H’

  • Seila, Step and Slope

    S O ‘B’

    S O ‘C’

  • Possibilities of the Ultimate Shape of the Layer Monuments

    From the

    Northern Chapel

    From the

    Step Pyramid

  • Seila: the Step Pyramid Option

  • Seila: the Benben Option

  • Seila, History of Destruction

  • Seila, Early Fourth Dynasty Pottery in of the Northern Chapel

  • Seila, M.K. Finds in the Spalls Over the Eastern Pavement

  • Amphora from 3-4 Century AD and Coin of Philomator in

    the Latest Rubble covering the Spalls

  • Hebenu, Zawyet el Mayiteen

  • Hebenu, Zawyet el Mayiteen

    and an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

  • Hebenu: Section by Lauer; Profile by Maragioglio and Renaldi

  • Hebenu, Zawyet el Mayiteen North and South sides

  • Hebenu, Zawyet el Mayiteen, East and West sides

  • Hebenu, Zawyet el Mayiteen

  • Sinki

  • Map of Sinkiand an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

    Plan of Under Ay

  • Sinki: Plan and Section by Dreyer

  • Sinki, North and South Corners

  • Sinki, East and West Corners

  • Sinki, Principal Plan

  • Sinki

  • Sinki, Parasitic Burials

  • Finds at Sinki

  • Nubt Naqada

  • Nubt, Naqada, Map and an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

  • Nubt: Plan and Section by Petrie

  • Nubt, North and South Sides

  • Nubt, East and West Sides

  • Nubt

  • Naqada Tumuli

  • The Southern Tumulus at Naqada

  • El Kula

  • Map of El Kula;and an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

  • El Kula: Sections by Lauer and Stenon and Plan by Stenon

  • El Kula, North and South Corners

  • El Kula, East and West Corners

  • El Kula

  • El Ghenimiya

  • El Ghanimiya, South and West Sides

  • Elephantine

  • Map of Elephantine

    and an Icon Showing Relevant Bearings

  • Elephantine: Plan and Section by Dreyer

  • Elephantine, North and South Sides

  • Elephantine, East and West Sides

  • Elephantine

  • Elephantine: the Name Huni and Other Cross Markings

  • The Famous Funerary Pyramids are Close to Perfection; But

    NO ANCIENT RECORDS HAVE BEEN FOUND ON:

    1. PLANNING of a Funerary Pyramid, Except for some Remote Ones.

    2. LOGISTICS and Organization of the Building Process.

    3. TECHNIQUES of Building .

    4. ADMINISTRATION of the Project.

    NO ANCIENT RECORDS HAVE BEEN FOUND AT OUR L. M. BUT

    INTERESTING INFORMATION WAS FOUND ON:

    1. Construction on UNLEVELED Rock or LEVELED Desert.

    2. SUPPLIES of Building Material.

    3. Brick MARKERS for Planning.

    4. RAMPS for Construction.

    5. CORRECTING Builders Mistakes.

  • Leveled Desert

  • Unleveled Bedrock

  • Planning and Controlling by Brick Markers

  • Ramps at Sinki

  • Rough Attempt to Correct a Faulty Plan at Sinki

  • Monitoring the Angle of Layer 2 at Seila East Side

  • Correcting Builders Mistake in the Slope by Stone Object ‘A’

  • At Seila Masonry and Mortar from the Surrounding Djebel El Rus

  • Lake Sediment, Eocene Limestone and the Pliocene Conglomerate

  • Lime Stone at El Fayum; Concretions in Middle Egypt; Beds of Lime or Sand Stone in Upper Egypt and Granite at Elephantine

  • Religious Rituals, Seila: The North and East Chapels

  • A Stone Table in the Northern Chapel

  • A Triple Basin from the Northern Chapel

  • Fragments of a Seated Statue in the Northern Chapel

  • Stele at the Eastern Chapel

    Hr Neb Maat

    Niswbity

    Snofrw

  • Roof of a Shrine for a Model Boat ? In the Eastern Chapel

  • Seila and Sinki: Mysterious Pits