Session 4: Gas statisticsSession 4: Gas statistics

United Nations Statistics Division

International Workshop on Energy Statistics

24-26 September 2012, Beijing, China

World production World production (10(1033 TJ) TJ)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

2003

2006

2009

Oceania

Asia

Europe

South America

North America

Africa

SIEC 3: Natural gasSIEC 3: Natural gas

Natural GasA mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally also including ethane, propane and higher hydrocarbons in much smaller amounts and some non combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

It can be “associated” and “non-associated”

It can be be converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport (Liquefied Natural Gas – LNG) by condensing it into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure by cooling it to approximately −162 °C (−260 °F)

LNG is principally used for transporting natural gas to markets, where it is regasified and distributed as pipeline natural gas

Biogas and manufactured gasses are excluded

ImportsImports

Stock changesStock changes

Non energy useFinal Energy Consumption Manufacturing, const. and non-fuel industry Transport Other (Agriculture, Households, etc.)

ProductionProduction

TransformationTransformation

Final consumptionFinal consumption

Total energy supplyTotal energy supply

Energy industry own useEnergy industry own use

LossesLosses

ExportsExports

Int. bunkersInt. bunkers

Extraction of non-associated gas

Extraction of associated gas

Flaring Venting

Re-injection

Measurement unitsMeasurement units

• Gaseous fuels are generally measured in Volume (e.g. m3) and energy units (e.g. Joules)

• Volume measures generally based on 2 reference conditions:

• Normal conditions: measured at 0° Celsius and at a pressure of 760 mm Hg

• Standard conditions: measured at 15° Celsius and at a pressure of 760 mm Hg

Recommended standard conditions

Data itemsData items

They reflect data collected from statistical units

UNSD Annual QuestionnaireUNSD Annual Questionnaire

UNSD Annual QuestionnaireUNSD Annual Questionnaire

Common problemsCommon problems

• Sometimes data are reported in tons. Hard to make the conversion into Terajoules

• Calorific values when data are reported in cubic metres

• Flaring and venting – often not reported

• Input into electricity and heat plants

• Energy use vs non-energy use

• Transport

Thank you!