Sentience Magazine

SentienceSentienceSentienceSentience - … Systematics 111


Innova�on is the key to expand our reach. It is a significant element in driving

excellence.

We here at Shailesh J. Mehta School of Management are in constant

cognizance with this same innova�on. The school is posi�oned to embark on

a new phase in its growth and evolu�on where we emphasize knowledge

crea�on and s�mulate synergies with the rich intellectual surroundings

through innova�on. Our new step with “Sen�ence – IT Ma ers!!!” is yet

another stepping stone in the path we have chosen to develop young

enthusias�c minds into a holis�c business and management standpoint.

Sen�ence by its meaning awareness is an ini�a�ve by the Systema�cs club

poised towards spreading industry awareness pertaining to Informa�on

Technology sector. It is going to be replete with recent happenings and

insigh$ul ar�cles in the domain of Systems and IT. Ar�cles are contributed by

people from both academia and corporate to keep the readers abreast with

changes in industry and technology sector. The magazine consists of various

sec�ons like leaders talk, alum sec�on, tech-updates, which add up to a

dynamic pla$orm for knowledge sharing.

The knowledge and rela�onships that we build from such interac�ons will

further strengthen our core programs. Moreover, from efforts such as these,

we hope that the SJMSOM will reach even more prominent heights

producing leaders and equipping them with the knowledge, capabili�es, and

inspira�on to change the world.

FOREWORD

Wiki says:

the ability to feel, perceive

or be conscious, or to have

subjec�ve experiences...


About Sentience Sen�ence by its meaning awareness is an

ini�a�ve by the Systema�cs club poised

towards spreading industry awareness

pertaining to Informa�on Technology sec-

tor. It aims to be an insigh$ul knowledge

repository of Systems and IT, keeping the

readers abreast with industry and tech-

nology sector

Systematics Club The systems club of Shailesh J. Mehta

School of Management, IIT Bombay. The

club acts as a medium of expression for

Systems enthusiasts by providing them a

pla$orm to broaden their horizon on the

Systems aspect of management. It is a

medium of communica�on between the

budding managers and experts from the

industry and acquaints its par�cipants

with various opportuni�es in technology.

ContentsContentsContentsContents

CLUB ACTIVITIES…....PG 3

Online Reputa�on Management…. Rakesh Tanwani

Managing your LOOKS on the internet ...PG 4

Exploring the Ver�cal… Lets know IT !!! ... PG 7

.

What do they have to say…. Part 1 on Alum Speak Series

. . . PG 12

Will the Indian IT industry move up the value chain?

Prannay Vats @ FMS, Delhi

….PG 13

!!! Tit-Bits & Editor’s Notes !!!

. .

"What's up at Systematics""What's up at Systematics""What's up at Systematics""What's up at Systematics"

Systems Con�nuum 2011

The Premier Seminar Series

In today’s world, where computers have become as ubiquitous as televisions, Informa�on Technology plays a cri�cal

role in an organiza�on. Systems Con�nuum explores different aspects of Informa�on Technology and Informa�on

Systems in business by ini�a�ng discussions on cu@ng-edge topics. This year’s Systems Con�nuum is based around the

theme:

“Strategic Role of IT in Transforming Businesses”

Informa�on technology (IT) is undergoing a drama�c transi�on from a u�lity provider to an enabler of business model

transforma�on. Formerly considered as a passive, back-office support func�on, IT has now become a cri�cal tool

providing compe��ve advantage and long term sustainability to businesses. Undoubtedly IT is now no more a mere

business choice but has become the way of doing business. At Systems Con�nuum 2011 eminent speakers from

industry would discuss their perspec�ve on the strategic role currently being played by Technology in shaping the next

genera�on businesses.

Technopreneurship

“Entrepreneurship is neither a science nor an art. It is a prac�ce”. All it requires is an entrepreneurial idea backed by

technology to create wealth, power and knowledge in today’s economy. Systema�cs club at SJMSOM, IIT Bombay has

thrived to follow this principle and launched the event Technopreneurship at Avenues, the annual business fes�val of

School. This event provides par�cipants with an opportunity to showcase the entrepreneurs inside them. The event

tries to encourage and test innova�on, as well as business acumen in today’s techno-managers.

Prakalp

Over the years, Indian IT industry has grown by leaps and bounds form being a low cost outsourcing des�na�on to the

world class IT solu�on provider. Although the technical capabili�es are world known, real pain lies in understanding the

client’s problem, sugges�ng the appropriate solu�on and partnering with client to implement and manage the solu�on

efficiently. The event is specifically designed to revolve around the


By Rakesh Tanwani @ SJMSOM

What possibly could make a

company’s stock prices go down? A

below-par quarterly result, a nega�ve

investor percep�on or any other

similar event? In the most likelihood

you would not have considered that a

video on YouTube could plunge a firm

stock prices but that is what happened

on July 6th 2009. A video song was

posted on YouTube with the �tle

"United Breaks Guitars" and within

four days of the launch, United

Airline's stock price fell by 10%, cos�ng

stockholders about $180 million in

value [as reported by The Times

Newspaper].

VIRAL MEDIA WILD FIRE

In the spring of 2008, a musician, Dave

Carroll flew by United Airlines on his

way to Nebraska from Halifax,

connec�ng Chicago. The musician

alleged that he and fellow passengers

saw baggage-handling crew throwing

guitars on the tarmac in Chicago and

claims that he alerted airline

employees who showed complete

indifference to him. He later found his

guitar broken and was informed that

he was ineligible for compensa�on

because he had failed to make the

claim within the company's s�pulated

standard 24-hour �meframe. The

nego�a�ons with the airline for

compensa�on lasted nine months; in

the end he wrote a song and created a

music video and shared on YouTube.

The lyrics include some verses such as

“I should have flown with someone

else, or gone by car, 'cause United

breaks guitars.” “so began a year cycle

of pass the buck and don’t ask me and

I am sorry sir your claim can go

nowhere” etc. etc. The video amassed

150,000 views within one day, over

half a million hits within 3 days, 5

million within a month and a half and

almost 9 million within a year. It hit the

number 1 song on iTunes Music Store

within a week and later that year Time

magazine named "United Breaks

Guitars" #7 on its list of the Top 10

Viral Videos of 2009. In

short United Airlines got Punk’d by

Social Media.

REPUTATION TO BE MANAGED

There have been numerous other

cases where a brand was Punk’d by

Social Media – DKNY was stripped by

PETA An�-Fur Protestors on Facebook,

Gap fell into its own redesign revolt on

Twi er, Nestle was Punk’d by

ONLINE REPUTATIO

N MANAGEMENT

ONLINE REPUTATION MANAGEMENT


Greenpeace members on Facebook

etc. The challenge that arises for CIOs

in these organiza�ons is how quickly

they react to such situa�ons and how

quickly they control and limit the

damage done to their brand. And this

has lead to an altogether new

management prac�ce known as Online

Reputa�on Management (ORM).

Formally, ORM is the act of

monitoring, addressing or mi�ga�ng

SERPs (search engine result pages) or

men�ons in online media and Web

sphere content [Source: Wikipedia].

And it makes a lot of sense for

companies to invest and manage their

online reputa�on as the amount of

content generated by individuals on

internet is growing uncontrollably

which at a minimum, affects the

internet search results of that

company. To have the power to modify

these search results could not only

save a brand going into disaster but to

also engage customers and

improve brand percep�ons

and this is what Trackur (a

firm offering ORM)

es�mates the future market

for ORM Industry as given in

the graph:

HOW TO MANAGE YOUR

ONLINE REPUTATION

A number of companies like

Reputa�onDefender, Elixir

Systems, Reputa�onHawk.com,

Defendmyname.com etc have emerged

which offer to manage a firm’s online

reputa�on. So the easiest way out

would be to outsource to these

companies. But the costs involved in

ORM could be huge. A 6-12 month

campaign by Elixir can range from

$15,000 to $100,000, depending on

the complexity of the assignment and

amount of nega�ve content it's trying

to suppress. A one-�me deal to bump-

down nega�ve search results could

cost a firm some thousand dollars;

however a con�nuous monitoring and

managing the reputa�on of a big

brand could cost a firm tens of

thousands of dollars that to every

month. BP is known to be shelling out

$1 million a month to manage its

reputa�on on GoogleAdWords and

YouTube adver�sing [Search Engine

Watch ar�cle]. A number of soXware


tools have also emerged to enable a

firm to manage its online reputa�on

on its own. Some of these are

Radian6, BrandsEye, TruCast,

TruReputa�on,

Boardtracker, Impactwatch.

CONCLUSION

But how effec�ve ORM actually

is? A Google search for

Reputa�on Defender showed a

cri�cal post from Consumerist, as

high up as 4th in the search result,

blas�ng the company for

aYemp�ng to have a post

removed [as reported in

Businessweek Magazine]. Thus it

remains to be seen what the

future holds for the prac�ce of

managing online reputa�on and

how effec�ve and how ethical it

will remain?

Google Trends for Reputa�on Management Volumes.


Industry

Emerging Trends of Technology in

Marketing and Advertising Aditya Kaul, Systema�cs

Technology has become an

important part in our lives. Today, more than 5 billion

people all over the world have mobile phones. Internet

has reached to more than 1.58 billion people all over

the world. It’s really difficult to grasp the vastness of

the internet as it spreads across countries connec�ng

people, cultures, socie�es etc. The most amazing fact

is that when Internet came into being no one thought

that something so seemingly endless could become a

vehicle through which an en�re industry would get

transformed and more personalized.

The face of marke�ng and adver�sing industry is

rapidly changing with advancements in technology.

Some of the sta�s�cs associated with the most

popular kid on the block “Facebook”. It has more than

500 million ac�ve users. 50% of ac�ve users log on to

Facebook on any given day. An average user has about

130 friends. People spend over 700 billion minutes per

month on Facebook. There are over 900mn objects

(people, groups, events, communi�es) that people

interact with. The average user is connected with 80

groups, events and ac�vi�es. It’s a fortune for all

marketers providing them easy access to consumer

informa�on. With the introduc�on of such

sophis�cated technologies companies are customizing

their ads towards specific audiences, and even zapping

ads to cell phones and Palm pilots. Web surfers can

now interact with ads in greater depth, and they can

benefit directly from an ad’s personalized message.

With introduc�on of so many new technologies its

becoming difficult for the marketers to keep up. It is a

two way pressure where the industry wants the

technology to become beYer and beYer so that they

can interact with the consumers on a more personal

level and also the increasing advancements in

technology force marketers to use it to sell their

products. Let us look at some of the emerging

technologies which are going to be a future avenue for

all marketers .


Mobile

Mobile has now been the most talked about technology

for marketers for the past few years. From the days of

SMS to MMS, GPRS, Edge and now 2G, 3G and 4G the

bandwidth keeps on increasing with �me. For the first

�me in 2011, the sales of smartphones has surpassed

the combined sale of both PCs and Desktops. S�ll,

marketers are doing a huge mistake by not making their

websites mobile compa�ble. DotMobi reports that only

29.7% of the web's top 10,000 sites are op�mized for

mobiles. It is essen�al that marketers make their

websites mobile

compa�ble as bad

user experiences

might lead to brand

switching in near

future.

Tablet Compu�ng

The market for tablets is growing faster than that for

any compu�ng device in the past. It is es�mated that by

the end of year 2011 there would be about 55 million

tablets in use worldwide. The marketers were s�ll

looking into providing beYer mobile experiences and

now they have to think about tablets. Using the mobile

applica�on on tablet directly would not be very

effec�ve. The tablet compu�ng is used for providing a

beYer browsing experience to the users and the

marketers would have to come out with campaigns

which make users interact with the adver�sements. The

websites would also have to be tablet op�mized as the

users would interact with the brands through the device

and would expect a beYer experience.

Gesture Recogni�on

Gone are the days where Gesture recogni�on was just

limited to Science Fic�on movies. With the arrival of

MicrosoX Xbox Kinect gesture recogni�on has become a

reality. Although this is a very niche segment with just 8

million users on board as of now s�ll the marketers are

looking at this as a segment which can provide huge

opportuni�es. To succeed in a space, marketers not only

have to figure out how to make gesture inputs seamless

and smooth, but also how to create experiences so

compelling that consumers will put in the extra work to

interact. MicrosoX has hinted that a more accessible

soXware development kit might accompany the launch

of a PC-compa�ble Kinect in 2011. So that touch-

op�mized web interface you're developing might need

to be gesture-op�mized sooner than you think.


Geoloca�on

‘Geoloca�on’ means providing adver�sements,

sugges�ons and search results based on one’s loca�on.

There are a number of apps both on mobiles and tablets

which use this technology. Even on good old-fashioned

desktops and laptops, loca�on is increasingly important

as search engines begin to put more juice behind local

results, ad networks push loca�on-based targe�ng,

and HTML5 loca�on-sniffing gains ground with each new

browser release. To make increasing use of this

technology, marketers need to think “what added value

can I provide to my future prospects if I already knew

their loca�on”. The answer to this ques�ons op�mizes

the strategy of the type of apps they should be present

on as well as the search engine op�miza�on.

Content aggrega�on

As we have already discussed before there is a lot of

data about consumers which is available on the internet.

Faced with this deluge of data the marketers have to use

content aggregator. The content aggregator filters the

data in a more manageable form and helps marketer

make some sense of the data. Google Reader and

flipboard are some of the examples of content

aggregator.

Apart from marketers the consumers also face a lot

of data and hence it’s again a challenge for the

marketers that there message reaches their target

audience and does not get lost in the crowd and hence

many marketers have embraced content cura�on as part

of their content marke�ng strategy. ScoopIt is an

example of such a tool. AXer all the ability to pinpoint

good content is oXen far more valuable than adding

new content to the flood

Billboards 2.0

A technology created by Quividi whereby cameras are

installed into billboards and other forms of digital

adver�sing, in order to monitor the reac�on of viewers

and poten�al customers. This technology allows the

marketers to know the number of people who have

walked in front of the screen and turned their face

towards the ad and the �me for which they looked

towards the ad.

The technology also allows the display to change

depending on who is looking at the screen. For example,

an advert that would be shown for a man, may change

once a woman approaches the screen. It certainly allows

for a new way to target offline adver�sing campaigns.


Augmented Reality

AR is a technology which visually layers digital reality on top of

analog reality. It is used across devices like PC, tablet, and

smartphone; the camera is usually the bridge between reali�es.

Browser-based AR oXen takes the form of a printable AR marker

that, when held up to a webcam, displays some sort of 3-D model

that can even include mo�on, sound, and video. O&M recently did

a campaign for Ford using Augmented reality and hence marketers

can keep exploring this technology and use it to provide a personal

experience to the consumer.

I have discussed about so many technologies here and s�ll I know

that there are hundreds

which I would have leX

out. This technological

change, which only

promises to become

more advanced as

bandwidth increases

and provides more

richly textured

opportuni�es for

adver�sers to tell their

stories, has

fundamentally changed

the way adver�sers

relate to their

customers.

That's a massive 3,840 x 2,160 pixels, or in other

words, four �mes as many pixels as a 1920 x

1080p TV. We've just checked out the Toshiba

55ZL2 on the floor at IFA and the consensus is

that it looks great. Billed as the world's first large

-screen glasses free 3D TV, the 55ZL2 is designed

to allow several viewers to watch 3D content

from different posi�ons

55-inch, 16:9 ra�o LED backlit TV with glasses

free 3D capability and Quad Full HD resolu�on.

TOSHIBA

55-inch, Ultra HD, glasses-free 3D


Some examples of

the latest Trends and

Technologies….


ALUMSPEAKSERIES

Mr. Sandip Mazumder

On 26th April, 2011 Mr. Sudip Mazumder an SJMSOM,IIT Bombay alumnus

from the batch of 1998 visited the campus and talked to the students about

Cloud compu�ng and his journey from SOM to heading the MicrosoX-

cognizant alliance in Cognizant Technology Solu�ons (CTS), UK.

It was more of a light hearted talk rather than a lecture with Sudip sharing

with us a few jokes here and there bringing the much needed fun element

aXer the stressful week of exams that we had gone through.

He spoke to a classroom packed with System and Consul�ng enthusiasts about

Cloud Compu�ng, career op�ons in the same and trends in IT Consul�ng. He

talked about his experience of working with the giant-MicrosoX and also

shared with us his journey aXer SOM. He brought in an en�rely different

perspec�ve on things owing to his exposure to both the Indian Culture and

that in UK.

The small stories and incidents about SOM that he shared with us were

interes�ng and gave us a glimpse of what happened in SOM during its

forma�ve years. There were also words of encouragement and he said we all

have very bright prospects once we are out in the industry because of the

brand name that we carry with us.

All in all, it was a great experience to get in touch with one of the earliest

students at SOM and hear his exci�ng journey from his own mouth. We hope

to have more of such sessions in the future to give us an insight as to what

happens on the field and to get closer to our alumni.


Ever since the turn of the millennium,

the soXware industry has provided

our country the impetus it needed

towards becoming a developed

economy. From “Ren�ng out”

programmers to American clients, our

soXware exports have come a long

way. Now, based on IT soXware and

facili�es such as system integra�on,

soXware experiments, custom

applica�on development and

maintenance (CADM), Network and IT

services and solu�ons; the

country’s IT-BPO industry expanded

by 12% during fiscal year 2009, and

aYained aggregate returns of US$71.6

Billion. Out of the derived revenue,

US$59.6 billion was directly generated

by the soXware and services sector

alone [1]. A NASSCOM-DeloiYe study

shows that the contribu�on of the IT/

ITES industry to the GDP of India has

gone up to a share of 5% in 2007 from

the meager 1.2% in 1998. Revenues

from the Industry have been put at

US$64 billion and its growth rate

stood at 33% in the FY ended 2008. By

2016, the requirement of IT hardware

in India will be to the tune of $400

billion. This is higher than the oil

import bill.

But this growth story has had a few

hiccups, not only because of

deteriora�on of the economic

scenario and the subsequent

emergence from it, but also due to

some protec�onist policies by other

economies.

It's been over a year since the global

financial markets passed their post-

credit crunch nadir, and as such,

organiza�ons in 2010 have a much

more posi�ve outlook. However, the

shadow of the recession s�ll looms

ini�ated delivering high value

business/technology consul�ng.

Infosys consul�ng was started in 2004

with an investment of US $ 20 million .

Infy Is one of Indian IT giants that

INFOSYS

WILL THE INDIAN IT INDUSTRY MOVE UP THE VALUE CHAIN?

A n a l y s i s b y P ra n n a y Va t s … . F M S , D e l h i


large over the IT outsourcing industry,

not least because IT departments

have seen this all before having

experienced a decade of delivering IT

resources within challenging budgets.

Client organiza�ons are now more

astute about procuring IT and BPO

services, and are beYer supported

than ever before. Most medium and

large global organiza�ons have had

experience of at least a handful of

outsourcing engagements, and will

most likely be engaged in several

legacy contracts. They may also have

experienced contract renewals,

transfer of contracts to new vendors,

or cancella�on and 'in-sourcing' of

contracts. All these experiences have

built up a store of exper�se within

client organiza�ons, many of which

are increasingly consolida�ng this

knowledge in driving harder bargains.

Also, India has for long func�oned on

the low cost arbitrage model, and has

reaped the benefits, but with rising

employee costs, cons�tu�ng more

than 50% of the total costs, this could

be a poten�al deal-breaker, along

with the compe��on from the likes of

Philippines and China which have

policies favoring their industry, and

India s�ll does not enjoy the status or

the salaries that Ireland and Israel

enjoy, partly because of the countries

func�oning in close cohesion with

consul�ng companies and focusing on

research and development. A detailed

compe�tor analysis is shown in the

next page.

So what is the IT value chain?

The value chain in the IT industry

refers to a whole gamut of ac�vi�es

ranging from the introduc�on of a top

management strategy by the

customer to the installa�on of the

final soXware solu�on for the

strategy, in a descending order in the

value chain. It has close

correspondence with the soXware

development process which,

essen�ally, has the following phases:

requirement analysis, specifica�on,

planning, design, implementa�on,

tes�ng and maintenance.

Another defini�on could be that The

IT value chain refers to the IT

components, processes and services

that collec�vely deliver value to the

firm's business components and

services and, poten�ally, to the firm's

external customers.

Divided into a hierarchy, it is

composed of the following domains:

• Consul�ng and IT strategy

• Applica�on design and


It is for these reasons that the Indian soXware industry must move up the value chain and

diversify into consultancy and other domains


development, Package

implementa�on

• Applica�on management and

System Integra�on

• Infrastructure and Network

Management

Primarily, the Indian soXware industry

has been focusing on the boYom of

the value chain with some forays into

Applica�on Management and system

integra�on. Clients typically engage

them in low risk - low cost projects

while foreign IT firms tend to get

mission cri�cal projects (high value

and high cost) where they understand

business problems, decide the IT

strategy for their clients along with

building applica�ons and managing

them. On the other hand, the first few

stages, which cons�tute the higher

end of the value chain, are dominated

by accoun�ng/consul�ng firms such as

PricewaterhouseCoopers and

McKinsey, and product-oriented

soXware organiza�ons such as

Oracle, etc.

There have been instances in the

past when Indian IT firms have

looked to move up the value

chain, some of them being:

- Infosys Technologies started

Infosys consul�ng in 2004 in USA

with an investment of US $ 20

million to focus on delivering

high value business/technology

consul�ng.

- Wipro bought out the American

Management Systems’ energy prac�ce

for US $ 26 million (November 2002)

and NerveWire for US $ 17 million

(May 2003), which shows its focus on

building high end consul�ng exper�se.

But apart from these compara�vely

older references and some new ones,

there has largely been a gap between

what is needed and what has been

achieved.

In order to have a more detailed look

at the issue, it would be beYer if we

divide it into 2 ques�ons- Why? and

How?

WHY?

Rising Employee Costs

Employee compensation (which

accounts for nearly 50% of employee

costs for an IT firm) has increased over

the last few years and attrition rates

are at an all time high. This problem

gets compounded when a company


invests significant resources in training

the employee and he leaves for better

opportunities elsewhere.

Foreign Companies entering India-

Foreign firms have already set up their

business in India and domestic vendors

are losing their advantage.

Compe��on- Na�ons like Philippines,

China, Russia, and other East European

na�ons have steadily built up their

industry over the years combined with

language training and offering their

services at even lower rates compared

to the Indian firms.

Higher margins: The margins are

higher at the top of the value chain

and they also lead to more

downstream revenues, thus easing

pressure on the company’s finances.

HOW?

SoDware Products:

Many of the leading Indian firms have

tried to develop products, with limited

success.

SoXware product revenues of Indian

soXware companies do not go beyond

10% of the total sales revenues, and

even that is an overes�ma�on. The US

industry leads in this area, where it

controls as much as 21.7% of total

soXware product exports (According to

OECD). North America also represents

the largest share of packaged soXware

sales, and this percentage has been

increasing over �me. The major reason

for this is the importance of user-

producer interac�ons, which are

par�cularly salient for successful

soXware product design. A deep

understanding of the business

processes involved, the rules and

regula�ons followed is necessary.

Since the lead users are established in

the US, thus US dominance is not

surprising. Firms in other countries

have typically succeeded when their

products were targeted to niches

where incumbent American firms had

not entered, or where the products are

deeply technical, such as design of chip

components. Such was the case with

the security soXware (Israel) and chip

components.

Building up Domain Knowledge

Though the industry today has no

dearth of quality technical knowledge,

Indian companies are, with a few

excep�ons, way behind in domain

knowledge. This directly implies that

the �me and effort required for them

is higher than those (read

consultancies) that have thorough

domain knowledge. A number of

companies have moved in that

direc�on by dividing their business

according to industry or geography and

aligning people to those ver�cals.

ImagineIT - March 11 -1-


DO YOU KNOW???

1. X leD the first company aDer a request by X to shiD to headquarters was denied. X turned a PC

soDware maker into a leader of CAD soDware. Currently X is appointed as CEO of a company based in

California.

Iden�fy X?

2. Find the connect:

Phoenix Global Solu�ons

Pearl Group

TKS-TeknosoD

Ci� Global Services Limited.

3. X and Y tossed a coin to decide whether the company they founded would be called X-Y or Y-X. y won

the coin toss but named their electronics manufacturing enterprise the "X-Y Company”.

Which company we are talking about?

4. What does this Indicate:


5. This company was founded in Pune in 1981. The company was incorporated in one of the founders

house as the registered office. It went public in 1993. It was rated best employer for con�nuously three

years by HewiN Associates.

Which famous soDware company we are talking about?

6. ____________ is a member of the Prime Minister's Advisory CommiNee for Informa�on Technology.

He has been recognized by Business Week as one of the "Greatest Entrepreneurs of All Time”. His

vision is “To build an organiza�on on a founda�on of values”. Iden�fy him.

7. This company was formed as a spin off of American Express. It is a leader in providing electronic

commerce and payment solu�ons to businesses and consumers. It has been recently acquired by the

firm which was founded by Jerome Kohlberg, Jr., and cousins Henry Kravis and George R. Roberts.

Iden�fy the company.

8. ……..CONNECT.

ANSWERS In next Edition…..



The Magazine is a ini�a�ve of the members of the Systema�cs Club to exercise

some awareness about the industry and the Systema�cs club to the interested.

We would like to thank the people involved for the crea�on of this magazine, club

members who collected and collated the data, par�cipants of the ar�cle wri�ng

compe��on for their enthusiasm.

Thanx a lot and see you soon with the second edi�on.

Documents

Sentience Magazine