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SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

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Page 1: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10

Creating Effective Sentences

Page 2: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #6: Begin with present tense PARTICIPIAL PHRASE. Present tense means that it is “happening now.” A PARTICIPLE is any verb that can be used as an

adjective. Begin your sentence with a verb. Attach “ing” to the end of the same verb. (Remember

to use the proper English spelling conventions when doing this.)

For example: Verb = get Get + t + ing = getting. Getting a bad grade on his report card, the

boy knew he would be grounded for two weeks.

Irving ISD
You may find the applicable English spelling conventions for this example in Language Network, p. 639, under "Words Ending in a Consonant."
Page 3: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Examples of SVM #6

Frightening the children nearest to him, the young boy hollered at the top of his lungs.

Sitting at my desk, my behind fell asleep. Staring, the crowd began to laugh at the poor girl on

the ground. Living over four hundred years ago, Leonardo da

Vinci kept journals of his ideas and inventions. Working hard throughout the rest of the year, Dad

was able to spend the holidays at home with us.

Page 4: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Now it’s your turn.

Using your first five vocabulary words, write five sentences that begin with a participial phrase in the present tense.

Page 5: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #7: Begin with a past tense PARTICIPIAL PHRASE. Past tense means that something has “already

happened.” A PARTICIPLE is a verb that can be used as an

adjective Begin your sentence with a verb. Attach “ed” to the end of the same verb. (Or use

“having” + the correct past tense form of the verb.) For example:

Verb = amaze Past tense of verb = amazed Amazed by her good luck, the girl took the

money and ran.

Page 6: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Examples of SVM #7

Confused by the directions, many of the students performed poorly on the test.

Having sung his heart out, the contestant was disappointed that he wasn’t chosen for the prize.

Followed closely by my younger brother, I went in search of the legendary treasure.

Having seen this question before, she knew the answer immediately.

Hammered by guilt, the slender girl confessed to her crime. Stunned by the news, Sophie turned and fled. Panicked by the storm, the horse kicked and whinnied in protest.

Page 7: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Now it’s your turn.

Using vocabulary words 6-10, write five sentences that begin with a participial phrase in the past tense.

Page 8: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #8: Begin with an ABSOLUTE PHRASE (or more than one). This is a phrase that contains a noun or

pronoun and any other words that are needed to complete the thought.

These phrases describe (modify) the rest of the sentence, not just one or two words in it.

Page 9: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #8: Begin with an ABSOLUTE PHRASE (or more than one). Create a sentence using was or were; then take out the was or were—

that is an absolute phrase. For example, begin with:

Their minds were whirling from the avalanche of information provided by the teacher…

His head was pounding… His hands were shaking… His heart was filled with fear… Their faces were reflected in the moonlight… Their footsteps were echoing in the stillness of the night…

Then, remove the was or were and add a comma: Their minds whirling from the avalanche of information provided

by the teacher, … His head pounding, … His hands shaking, … His heart filled with fear, … Their faces reflected in the moonlight, … Their footsteps echoing in the stillness of the night, …

All of the absolute phrases will talk about or describe the other actions of the subject of the sentence.

Page 10: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #8: Begin with an ABSOLUTE PHRASE (or more than one). In the following sentence, all of the phrases

describe what else “John” is doing besides the main action in the sentence.

His long journey ended, his weary feet aching, his bones icy with the cold, John entered the warm, cozy house. There are three absolute phrases. John is the subject of the sentence.

Page 11: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Examples of SVM #8

Her eyelids fluttering, Sarah worked up the courage to ask Manuel out on a date. Sarah is the subject of the sentence.

His stomach aching, his face turning green, Han regretted trying the strange new dish offered in the cafeteria at lunch. Han is the subject of the sentence.

Page 12: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Now it’s your turn.

Using vocabulary words 11-15, write five sentences that begin with one or more absolute phrases.

Page 13: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #9: Begin with an INFINITIVE or INFINITIVE PHRASE as the subject of the sentence. An INFINITIVE is the word to plus a verb.

Some examples include: To walk To talk To think

An INFINITIVE PHRASE is an infinitive followed by additional words that complete a thought. Some examples include:

To drink a nice, hot cup of tea To bring peace to a war-torn world To express herself well

Page 14: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Examples of SVM #9

To drink a nice, hot cup of tea was Yesenia’s only wish as she huddled in the cold alley that winter night.

To bring peace to a war-torn world was his fervent prayer to the deity he so strongly revered.

To express herself well seemed to be the best strategy for winning the election.

To finish putting up the decorations before the snow arrived became the goal of the whole family.

Page 15: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Now it’s your turn.

Using vocabulary words 16-20, write five sentences that begin with an infinitive or infinitive phrase.

Page 16: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

SVM #10: Begin with a GERUND or GERUND PHRASE as the subject. A GERUND is an “ing” verb that functions in

the sentence as a noun. The GERUND PHRASE is the gerund plus any

of its modifiers. In the sentence below, “reading a good book”

is a thing (a noun) which someone can enjoy. Therefore it is not only used as a noun, but is also the subject of the sentence.

Reading a good book is the best thing to do on a cold, rainy day.

Page 17: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Examples of SVM #10

Talking on the cell phone is what many students like to do best.

Playing sports will help you stay in shape. Studying before a test is a good strategy to

help you pass your classes. Looking your best gives you greater self-

confidence and courage.

Page 18: SENTENCE VARIATION MODELS 6-10 Creating Effective Sentences

Now it’s your turn.

Using vocabulary words 21-25, write five sentences that begin with a gerund or gerund phrase.