SMART BUILDING

(BUILDING AUTOMATION)

“In the age of technology, believing in every out of box imagination is valid because technical wonders can make that things happen in real”

SAJID WARSI090105033E.I.E, 4th Yr.

BRIEF HISTORY

The high technology concept of intelligent building systems was introduced in United States in early 1980’s.

In the early 1980s, several major

technology trends were under way.

services and innovations entered

the telecom marketplace

the creation and emergence of the personal computer

industry.

Smart Home Perspective .... a new kind of service delivery environment providing value to the consumer

19th Cenrury Elementary tasks based on Human Capability & Flexibility

20th Century Functional System Integration makes life easier

21st Century Integration of comprehensive Living Environment

Health care

Infotainment

Key DRIVER :Broadband Connectivity & Communicating Devices

Broadband connectivity- City Wide

Broadband : Cable/DSL,

- 3GTelephony rollout starting (integrate the data)

- WiFi deployment - Wimax is announced

This era also spawned the first real connection between real estate

developers and technology.

• Structured cabling systems,

• Audio visual systems, building automation controllers with direct digital control (DDC),

• Conditioned space for network equipment,

• Access control systems,

• Video surveillance.

Some modest technological

advancements in buildings are:

The positive financial effects of integrated systems,

Energy conservation,

Greater systems functionality,

The continuing evolution of technology.

Increasing needs

The drivers for smart buildings are :-

WHAT IS SMART BUILDING?

“a new generation of buildings that almost think for themselves … called intelligent buildings.”

Such a building was defined as “a COMBINATION of two

technologies—old-fashioned building management and

telecommunications.”

Building should know what is

happening inside and immediately

outside.

Building should decide the most effective way of

providing a convenient,

comfortable and productive

environment for its occupants.

SMART BUILDING

RICHA BHUSHAN090105031E.I.E, 4th Yr

AIM OF SMART BUILDINGSThe technology

allows us to operate the building more

efficiently;

to construct the buildings in a more

efficient way,

to provide productive and

healthy spaces for the occupants and

visitors,

to provide a safe environment,

to provide an energy-efficient and sustainable environment,

and to differentiate and improve the

marketability of the building.

A smart building involves the installation and use of advanced

and integrated building technology systems.

These systems include building automation, life safety,

telecommunications, user systems, and facility

management systems.

Smart buildings provide actionable information about a

building or space within a building to allow the building owner or

occupant to manage the building or space.

Smart buildings provide the most cost effective approach to the design and the deployment of

building technology systems. The traditional way to design and

construct a building is to design, install, and operate each system

separately (Fig.1-1)

FIG.1.1 building systems.

—allowing information and data about the building's operation to be used by multiple individuals occupying and managing the building(Fig. 1.2)

So, further developments were being done.

The above process reduces the inefficiencies in the design and construction process saving time and

money.

FIG.1.2 INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEMS

Some instances

A smart building, that is equipped with special

structured wiring to enable occupants to remotely control or program an

array of automated home electronic devices by

entering a single command.

For example: a homeowner on vacation

can use a Touchtone phone to arm a home

security system, control temperature gauges,

switch appliances on or off, control lighting,

program a home theater or entertainment system, and perform many other tasks.

CONTD.Smart building system gives

information for the users about each element inside the building by using wireless sensor

networks.

These buildings keep a watch over themselves and their own well

being.

They put off lights, shutdown air conditioners,

check the water storage tanks,

recharge the central UPS in

case of a power failure and switch

on the alarm in case of fire.

CONTD.

RFID(Radio-frequency identification) readers (The reader has an antenna that emits radio waves) and tags are also used to achieve this

goal (the tag responds by sending back its data).

A tag is attached near each object in the building.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

Walls and ceilings will be embedded with sensors, and every aspect of a building's performance and use will be

metered and measured.

Software tools will be used to automatically optimize

building systems without human intervention;

real-time information about the building that is relevant to their particular needs will be provided to occupants and

building management.

Buildings will be fully interactive with the power

grid, and geospatial location systems will be deployed for

every building asset.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS.

• Ordinary building, there will be different room conditions depending on the changes in the environmental conditions.

• The cost of construction of Intelligent Building is very high as compared to an ordinary building.

• Intelligent building adjusts the inside functional aspects such as lighting, ventilation, air conditioning, etc. automatically with the changes in environmental conditions controlled by computer.

• In an Intelligent Building, the security system, communication system, etc. are coordinated and automatically controlled by computer work station where as in ordinary buildings there is no work station.

• But in case of ordinary building, a building service engineer and an architect is enough.

• While planning an intelligent building, a building service engineer, an architect & hardware engineer is required.

Benefits Intelligent

buildings

will provide:

• Optimal lighting level

• Reduced energy use

• Increased security

• Increased efficiency

• Operational and Energy Cost Savings

The intelligent or smart buildings can provide many benefits to an organization. By integrating a number of building systems it helps an organization get the most efficient use out of all of their building systems.

PRIYA SRIVASTAVA090105801E.I.E, 4th Yr.

BUILDING AUTOMATION

Building automation desc

-ribes the advanced

functionality provided by the

control system of a building.

A building autom-ation system (BAS) is an example of a distributed

control system.

The control system is a computerized,

intelligent network of electronic devices

designed to monitor and control the

mechanical, electronics, and

lighting systems in a building.

BAS core functionality

keeps the building climate within a specified range,

Provides lighting based on an occupancy schedule,

Monitors system performance and device failures.

FUNCTIONS:-

Provides email and/or text

notifications to building

engineering/maintenance staff.

The BAS functionality reduces building

energy and maintenance costs

when compared to a non-controlled building.

A building controlled by a BAS is often referred

to as an intelligent building or a smart

home.

TOPOLOGY

Most building automation

networks consist of a primary and secon

dary bus 

which connect high-level controllers with

lower-level controllers,

input/output devices

and a user interface (also

known as a human interface device).

wireless network.

RS-485 or a 

RS-232, 

ARCNET,

ethernet, 

Optical fiber, 

BACnet, 

The primary and secondary bus can be 

Inputs and outputs are either analog or digital.

Analog inputs are used to read a variable

measurement. Examples

are temperature, 

humidity and pressure sensor which could

be thermistor, 

4-20 mA, 0-10 volt or platinum resistance

thermometer (resistance temperature detector), or wireless sensors.

WORKING

A digital input indicates if a device is turned on or not. Some examples of a digital input would be a 24VDC/AC signal, an air flow switch, or a volta-free relay contact (Dry Contact).

Analog outputs control the speed or position of a device, such as a variable frequency drive, a I-P (current to pneumatics) transducer, or a valve or damper actuator. An example is a hot water valve opening up 25% to maintain a setpoint.

Digital outputs are used to open and close relays

and switches. An example would be to turn

on the parking lights when

a photocell indicates it is dark outside.

COMMERCIAL BUILDING AUTOMATION REVENUE BY SEGMENT(2011-2015)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000 $70,000 $80,000 $90,000

$100,000

Y-Values

Y-Values

FUTUTER SCOPE

In the future, the definition

of a smart building will continue to expand, as

the technology

evolves and as the

regulatory and

standards environment for DR and

building automation

matures. Together,

smart buildings and the

smart grid will continue to reinforce

each

other, providing continuing

opportunities to improve

energy efficiency, as well as the

economics of operating

the electricity grid.

Let’s dream : tomorrow’s energy efficient buildings would have …

A structure and walls of such insulation performance that only 50 kWh/m2/year would suffice to achieve ideal thermal comfort

All of its equipment to the optimal energy performance level (lighting, HVAC, office devices, …)

Intelligence everywhere that would seamlessly handle energy usage optimization whilst guaranteeing optimal comfort, a healthy environment and numerous other services (security, assistance to elderly people, …)

Renewable and non polluting energy sources

The ability to satisfy its own energy needs (thermal and/or electric) or even contribute excess power to the community (zero/positive energy buildings)

Users whose behaviors would have evolved towards a reasoned usage of energy

REFERENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Al_Arab

http://www.amazon.com/Buildings-Systems-Architects-Owners-Builders/dp/1856176533

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_automation

http://www.smart-

buildings.com/

ThANK YOU…