Seed Storage Committee (STO) · 2009. 6. 24. · 16 ARTCV 4 7 9 20 20 17 A40AL 3 10 7 20 15 Pinus cembra 18 ARTAL 5 10 5 20 25 Pinus sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalità

INTERNATIONAL SEED TESTING ASSOCIATION (ISTA) www.seedtest.org

Seed Storage Committee (STO)(STO)

Annual report 2008‐09p

Chairman: Hugh W PritchardChairman: Hugh W Pritchard

Vice‐Chairman: David Mycock

P d STO M b F bi G iPresenter and STO Member: Fabio Gorian


STO membersChair: Pritchard Hugh W. United KingdomVice-hair: Mycock David John Republic of South Africa

Members: Berjack Patricia Republic of South AfricaMembers: Berjack Patricia Republic of South Africa

Blanco Prieto Reyes Spain

De La Cuadra Celia Spain

M ti I S iMartin Isaura Spain

Gonzalez-Benito Spain

Gorian Fabio Italy

Leon-Lobos Pedro Chile

Petro Msanga Tanzania

Sacande Moctar United Kingdom

Sershen Republic of South Africa

Ajavi S.Adesola Nigeria

Ashmore Sarah Australia

Kossman Isolde Ferraz Brasile

Yang Xiang-yun China


Seed Storage Committee: 2007‐10Objectives Science topics Members (new)

O1: Enhancing

Characterising species of

X-Y. Yang - ChinaM. Sacande - UKI Ferraz BrazilO1: Enhancing

wet storage potential

species of economic importance: horticulture /

I. Ferraz - BrazilH. Pritchard - UKH. Msanga - TanzaniaP. Berjak - RSA

New

forestryS. Ajayi - NigeriaS. Ashmore - AustraliaE G B it S i

O2: Improving dry storage

methodologies: cryo / in vitro

E. G-Benito - SpainD. Mycock - RSAN. Sershen - RSAF. F.Gorian – Italy g

performance Manipulate pre-and post-storage responses:

F. Gorian – Italy R. Blanco - Spain

ultradry / long-term store/ health

pP. Leon-lobos - ChileC. Cuadra - SpainI. Martin - Spain


Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 1: Enhancing wet storage potential

1A: Species characterisation:Target: > 100 economic species characterised g pas orthodox or non‐orthodox (seed physiology).

Citrus australis, Gympie Lime

• Sarah Ashmore et al [Australia]; 13 rainforest species screened for germination after dehydration, including Citrus (4 species, orthodox), S i (5 i th d ) d 4 th i

, y p

Syzygium (5 species, non-orthodox) and 4 other species.

• Moctar Sacande [UK] and collaborators in Mali, Madagascar and Burkina Faso: 15 dryland trees screened for dry storability including DalbergiaFaso: 15 dryland trees screened for dry storability, including Dalbergia monticola, Entandrophragma sp. and Terminalia sp.

• Patricia Berjak and Sershen [RSA]: 3 indigenous monocots screened,Patricia Berjak and Sershen [RSA]: 3 indigenous monocots screened, revealing Haemanthus (2 sp.) seed to be desiccation-intolerant and Crocosmia aurea seed to be -tolerant



1A: Species characterisation:Target: > 100 economic species characterised as orthodox or non‐orthodox (seedas orthodox or non‐orthodox (seed physiology).

1A Summary (07-09): 103 / 100 species investigated =1A Summary (07 09): 103 / 100 species investigated

TRIENNIUM TARGET ACHIEVED



1B: New methodologies: cryo / in vitro

Target: > 5 species cryopreservation methods

produced (including seed cryobiology) Fludioxonil (phenyl pyrrole)

• Patricia Berjak, Sershen and David Mycock [RSA]: found systemic fungicides (including fludioxonil)

(phenyl pyrrole)

minimised mycoflora on recalcitrant seeds; have explored programmed cell death in axillary buds of Eucalyptus and reactive oxygen species in excised

b d hi d ti fembryo axes; and achieved cryopreservation for

meristems of recalcitrant-seeded Trichilia emetica.

1B Summary (07-09) : > 17 / 5 species investigated =



P i t t t 2007 10Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 2: Enhancing dry storage potential

2A: New methodologies: cryo / in vitroTarget: Somatic embryogenesis resolved for 2 species (seed biotechnology to enable dryspecies (seed biotechnology to enable dry

storage of embryos)

• No progress on somatic embryogenesis in p g y g2008-09.

• Sarah Ashmore et al [Australia] and Elena Gonzalez-Benito et al [Spain] cryopreserved orthodox / dry seeds of 21 species (7 cactus species, 4 Australian Carica papayaCitrus, 8 Spanish endemics, Davidsonia pruriens and Carica papaya).

2A Summary (2007 09): 2 / 2 species investigated =2A Summary (2007-09): 2 / 2 species investigated =



FORESTRY SEED CRYOPRESERVATION

Seed banks

Seed stand

A complementary approach (notalternative) to traditional conservation inseed banks and clonal collections Inseed banks and clonal collections. Incombination with them, the risk of plantgenetic erosion is riduced to a minimum.


FORESTRY SEED CRYOPRESERVATION

Abies sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalità

(Gorian, F, Lambardi, M.)

Abies albaAbies sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalità

ctrl ctrl 4 12 4 20 2015 A40CV 3 7 10 20 1516 ARTCV 4 7 9 20 2017 A40AL 3 10 7 20 15

Pinus cembra18 ARTAL 5 10 5 20 25

Pinus sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalitàctrl ctrl 20 0 0 20 1001 CN40CV 8 0 0 8 1001 CN40CV 8 0 0 8 1002 CNRTCV 8 0 0 8 1003 CV40CV 8 0 0 8 1004 CVRTCV 8 0 0 8 1005 CN40AL 7 3 0 10 70

Fag s s l atica F i l it li it li i t t l % it lità

6 CNRTAL 7 3 0 10 707 CV40AL 7 3 0 10 708 CVRTAL 7 3 0 10 70

Fagus sylvatica Fagus sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalitàctrl ctrl 20 0 0 20 1009 FN40CV 8 0 0 8 10010 FNRTCV 8 0 0 8 10011 FN40AL 11 1 0 12 9211 FN40AL 11 1 0 12 9212 FNRTAL 12 0 0 12 10013 FV40AL 9 3 0 12 7514 FVRTAL 11 1 0 12 92


P i t t t 2007 10Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 2: Enhancing dry storage potential

i l d2B: Manipulate pre‐ and post‐storage responses: ultradry / long‐term / healthTarget: > 70 species long term storage data reviewedTarget: > 70 species long‐term storage data reviewed

(seed ‘banking’)

• Celia de la Cuadra and Isaura Martín [Spain]: showed moisture permeation• Celia de la Cuadra and Isaura Martín [Spain]: showed moisture permeation into about 10% of glass storage containers, but not into cans, after one or two decades of storage.Moctar Sacande [UK] and collaborators in Burkina Faso: assessed seed• Moctar Sacande [UK] and collaborators in Burkina Faso: assessed seed germination in 23 populations of Parkia biglobosa seeds after storage at 4°C

for up to 20 years.p y• Dave Mycock [RSA]): Successful cryo-storage of Protea roupelliae for 12

months and reintroduction into the botanic garden2B Summary: > 89 / 70 species investigated =



Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 2: Enhancing dry storage potential

2C: Manipulate pre‐ and post‐storage responses: ultradry / long term /responses: ultradry / long‐term / healthTarget: Risks of ultradrying assessed on 10 species g y g p

(seed biophysics)

• Elena Gonzalez-Benito et al [Spain]: Reported high viability after ultra-dry,Elena Gonzalez Benito et al [Spain]: Reported high viability after ultra dry, cold storage of 37 species after almost 40 years.

• Celia de la Cuadra and Isaura Martin [Spain]: started an experiment on• Celia de la Cuadra and Isaura Martin [Spain]: started an experiment on storage of ultra-dry seeds of 9 species, and revealed no effects of the drying per se.

2C Summary: 38 / 10 species investigated for long term survival including ultra-dry = TRIENNIUM TARGET ACHIEVED


P i 2007 10Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 2: Enhancing dry storage potential

2D: Manipulate pre‐ and post‐storage responses: ultradry / long term / healthresponses: ultradry / long‐term / healthTarget: Thermotherapy applied to 5 species (seed

health)health)

• Celia de la Cuadra and Isaura Martin [Spain]): Phaseolus vulgaris seeds have been treated at temperatures from 40 to 70°C and seed quality

assessedassessed.

2D Summary: 1 / 5 species investigated2D Summary: 1 / 5 species investigated

= TRIENNIUM TARGET NOT ACHIEVED


M i l tM i l t d td t ttM i l tM i l t d td t ttManipulate preManipulate pre-- and postand post--storage responses: storage responses: ultra dry ultra dry -- ultra wet in ultra wet in Larix decidua Larix decidua seedsseedsManipulate preManipulate pre-- and postand post--storage responses: storage responses: ultra dry ultra dry -- ultra wet in ultra wet in Larix decidua Larix decidua seedsseeds

95

100LARIX DECIDUA GERMINATION TEST

RH = 10 %

RH < 4 %

RH = 10 %

RH = 10 %RH = 10 %

RH = 10 %

RH < 4 %

RH < 4 %RH < 4 %

RH < 4 %

RH > 15 %RH > 15 %

RH > 15 %RH > 15 %

85

90

95

GS

RH < 4 %

RH > 15 %

RH 10 %

75

80

SEED

LIN

65

70

NO

RM

AL

55

60%

501 2 3 4

DURATION OF TREATMENTS0 gg 30 60 90


P i t t t 2007 10Progress against targets 2007-10 Output 3: Communications / dissemination

3A & B: Organise sponsored workshops

Target: 2 workshops

Target: 2 workshops

23‐25 Sept 2008 ‐ Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Wakehurst Place, UK

International Tree

F d tiFoundation

Organised by Hugh W. Pritchard (Chair STO), Kate Hardwick and Matt Daws (Moisture Committee) and attended by 43 scientists from 12 countries


P i 2007 10Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 3: Communications / dissemination

3C: Write / edit bookTarget: Write book on seed viability (30 years since ‘Viability of Seeds’ by Eric

Roberts) subject to finding established authors, funding and publisher.

3C Summary: = NO PROGRESS except expression of interest to contribute by some STO members.

3D: Data gatherTarget: Design, distribute and analyse questionnaire on seed storage g g , y q g

needs, capacity, and capability in ISTA labs.

3D Summary (07-09): = TARGET NOT ACHIEVED


P i 2007 10Progress against targets 2007‐10 Output 3: Communications / dissemination

3E: Produce GuidelinesTarget: Draw up guidelines on seed storage for possible incorporation into the ‘rules’rules .

• Sarah Ashmore et al [Australia]: Revision and publication (due 2009) of the “Germplasm Conservation Guidelines for Australia” underway includingGermplasm Conservation Guidelines for Australia underway, including chapters on seed storage and cryopreservation.

• Patricia Berjak and Sershen [RSA]: developed proposal on “Enhancing• Patricia Berjak and Sershen [RSA]: developed proposal on Enhancing capabilities of conservation and utilisation of plant genetic resources in the SADC region”

• Hugh W. Pritchard [UK]: review article on seed storage for SS&T in the planning stage

• 3E Summary (07-09): = varioius guidelines on seed storage and cryopreservation produced. TRIENNIUM TARGET ACHIEVED


P b STO bPapers by STO members

Peer-reviewed papers and book chapters

2007-08 = 20

2008-09 = 19


Verona Verona 20102010, September , September 99‐‐1212European Forestry Seed Kiln CongressEuropean Forestry Seed Kiln CongressEuropean Forestry Seed Kiln CongressEuropean Forestry Seed Kiln Congress

Climate change and tree species selectionClimate change and tree species selection

S d ll tiS d ll tiSeed collectionSeed collection

Seed productionSeed productionSeed productionSeed production

Seed testingSeed testing

Seed conservationSeed conservation

Seed tradeSeed trade


Thank !Thankyou!

Documents

Seed Storage Committee (STO) · 2009. 6. 24. · 16 ARTCV 4 7 9 20 20 17 A40AL 3 10 7 20 15 Pinus cembra 18 ARTAL 5 10 5 20 25 Pinus sigla vitali non vitali vani totale %vitalità