Welcome to SEE,FEEL,ASK,ACT: 4 Rules for sustaining Ecological Order through Leadership.

I am Kaustav P.(KP) Chaudhuri, the author. I immersed myself in the corporate world in my mid 20’s but took some time off to reflect on life after I turned 30. While taking time off, I got involved with a team of experts drawn from leading Silicon Valley firms who were writing a book on entrepreneurship and business on behalf of The Indus Entrepreneur’s(TIE), the largest global network for entrepreneurs. After the publication of this book, The First Mile(John Wiley&Co) in 2003, I got inspired to write my own book. As a part of my reflections and meaning making, I read books written by hundreds of authors from every wisdom tradition ranging from spirituality to philosophy to classical literature to psychology, many of whom I have quoted in this book. My purpose is not only to give you the lessons from my experiences but also give you the distilled essence of wisdom from thousands of books so that you can make meaning of your experiences and improve upon them without spending tremendous amount of time reading all these books as I have.

As of now, there are 250 pages in the book of which 150 is my content, 75 is quotations from all top thinkers throughout the ages and another 25 pages of pictures, diagrams etc. I am going to add 15 pages of index. Additionally, the last section, which I am including in this site, consists of about 20 pages of brief explanations about all the thinkers I have quoted. Please give me your feedback as I want to expand the section and include some of your points and ideas about the relevance of these thinkers to the context of SEE, FEEL,ASK, ACT.

It takes approximately 7 months to get the Certificate of Copyright. So I expect this book to be launched in the 2nd quarter of 2011.

CONTENTS

Introduction

Seeing is as important as thinking

Explanation of the Title

Explanation of the addition to the Title

Explanation of the cover picture

The 3 key themes

Liberate insight from knowledge and become your own guru

Utilize Imagination and Faith to expand your concept of reality beyond your Ego

Lead by sustaining motivating in yourself and others

How are the Sections organized?

Part A: HOLISTIC ORDER: Expand your thoughts by adding perceptions

Chapter 1: Emerging Perception from history.

W hat is perception and where is it located?

Importance of seeing in Perception

Overcome biases to Perception and recognize changing patterns

Be aware of the biases of historians and history makers

Do great men create history or history create great men?

You can be successful only if you learn from history

Chapter 2: Evolving consciousness of change

Change is the essence of everything in the Universe

Make change the central organizing principle in your life

The Time to Change is Now

Change begins when we start looking within us and start changing our mindset

Change the way you look at change and start Transforming yourself

Embrace change for survival

Part B: GENERATIVE ORDER: Re-represent your Leadership Mind

Chapter 3: Re-frame Purpose with changing times

Make your Ego your slave through Mindfulness

Visualize beyond your normal reality.

Pay attention to your process of observation

Tap into the power of your sub-conscious mind

Make Faith and Hope the foundation of your belief system.

De-construct and redefine Knowledge

Cultivate an empowering meaning making process

Develop tenacity of Purpose

Chapter 4: Constantly update the Maps of your Feelings

Restore your spirit by including Feelings in your thoughts

Exist in a state of Happiness.

Overcome the limitations of reason by integrating Myths

Improvise your Imagination by recombining images

Intensify your Experiences by tagging them with emotions

Unify your fragmented Selves with those of others

Chapter 5: Cultivate Culture and Pluralize your Mind

Uproot the roots of Culture and empower your instinctual Drives

Realize the limitations of language

Expand your concepts to include non-verbal elements

Communicate holistically by engaging all the senses

Create social capital out of Groups and foster teamwork

Make Redesign the basis for your Organizational design

Make a questioning culture the basis of your collective action

Part C : ADAPTIVE ORDER: Deploy your Leadership Will

Chapter 6: Energize: Intensify the States.

Formulate your law of attraction by unleashing your energy

Jumpstart your goal-directed motion with emotion

Convert Boredom, Doubt and Fear into curiosity, confidence and enthusiasm

Inspire followership and maximize employee contribution

Motivate from within and align rewards with performance

Chapter 7: Learn : Wire the neurons

Learn to have a Beginner’s Mind

Learn what to know

Learn to learn by observing others

Archive and retrieve relevant knowledge from Memory

Learn to form skills and use common sense to solve problems

Learn to convert failures and learning disabilities into success

Chapter 8: Strengthen: Form the Traits

Develop the habit of cultivating empowering habits

Strengthen your character by converting weaknesses into strengths

Anchor your strengths to your Principled Values

Harness your creativity by being innovative and entrepreneurial

Magnify your impact by exercising Power and Influence

Chapter 9: Organize: Control Impulse of Time and Space

Channelize Organizational impulse with executive functions of management

Actualize your strategy by instituting structures and systems

Minimize the impact of Time and chance with preparation

Realize and Reduce the biases involved in every decision

Recruit, retrain and retain the right People

Chapter 10: Initiate: Win the War

Root your actions in ethical principles

Dissipate mental resistance to action

Make Work your play

Act on a War footing

Persist on your tasks with a constant sense of urgency to achieve success.

Part D: ECOLOGICAL ORDER: Nurture your leadership ecosystem

Chapter 11: Make your new ecology of Leadership sustainable

Leverage the Universal connectivity of the Internet to maximize stakeholder value

Globalize by smart-sourcing customers, suppliers, partners , capital and talent worldwide

Expand the background of your contexts and gain from inclusive growth

Don’t get limited by the limits of capitalism

Heal the past and nourish your dreams of a compelling future

Seek unity in every action

NOTES

INDEX

Introduction:Whatever level of success you have achieved in life till now, there exists the potential for much more. Till now, you have focused on language and words. Now you are going to go beyond language and unlock the immense potential of success residing in your ability to see and feel. Once you learn to expand your consciousness with what you see and feel every moment, your opinions, judgements and other energy blockages will wither away and you will be able to ask more empowering questions which, in turn, will make you act with boldness. You will treat each experience as a crucible to manifest Leadership. Success is going to be a foregoing conclusion.

Start by controlling your mind from the chatter of thoughts and observe your experiences as well as the accompanying feelings. Project these experiences into the future by visualizing the changes you need to initiate in order to obtain the success you desire. Then, keep your mind in a state of meditation, clear your inner space and become an instrument of action for your purpose and intention. Lead by empowering others to do the same. Cultivate a culture which encourages people to ask questions and seek answers using social media and then take action and sustain collective motivation over time.

Let me warn you that this is easier said than done. You need to go through some degree of short term pain and make deep rooted, gut wrenching changes before you manage to reverse your cycle of decline and put your life in a virtuous cycle of growth. However, once you improve your habits of seeing, you will feel strongly about embracing short term pain and transforming yourself to function at a higher level of energy and strength. This book will enable you to make your Ego your Slave and use it to serve you. You will learn to see better options of reality than what your Ego is letting you see now, as it is vested in your current reality, and then add your Ego back and aim for the stars. Your Ego will give million excuses,

“Too young, too old,too soon, too later…”

Remember, Alexander the Great conquered most of the known world in his late 20’s. The Founders of Google became some of the richest people in the world by their early 30’s. So, if you have some experience under your belt, you can be anything you want to be. All you need to do is to re arrange the existing knowledge in your mind, and dredge the silts from the channels of knowledge from what you see and what you feel a.k.a the wisdom of your body. Once you do that and Lead others to do that, you are going to start looking at reality as half full and your newly evolved seeing and feeling enriched concepts will throw up non habitual modes of asking questions which will give birth to conviction and confidence in taking decisive action.

Meditation empowers them to goDeeper and deeper into consciousness,From the world of words to the world of thought,Then beyond thoughts to wisdom in the Self. ------The Katha Upanishad

A. Seeing is as important as thinking

The ability to think is like the software of your mind. The ability to see as well as take in inputs from our other senses like taste and touch is like hardware. Our hardware has become defective over the years and hence, we are not being able to utilize the full potential of our software. If your keyboard is defective and your printer has run out of ink, will you be able to submit your term paper and pass your course even though you know all the answers? This problem is enhanced since you don’t know that your hardware is defective; becoming aware of the fact that your ability to see and perceive has not developed properly is the first step in removing the obstacles which come in way of harnessing the full power of your thoughts. This book should help you take charge of the operating system of your mind and make your software(thoughts) and hardware(perception) work in harmony, balance and unity.

Normally, you should be able to constantly weave what you see and feel into the fabric of your thoughts so that you can manifest visualized thought forms of mental energy which is best described by the Buddhist word tulpa .However, in most cases, you fail to do so. Hence, you do not take in visual and other inputs from our senses into our thoughts. You get trapped in your thoughts and are unable to utilize the full potential of your ability to think.

The job of a leader, therefore, is to develop the ability to see beyond the limitations of our normal reality and envision a better future. You are often unable to see the opportunities in your present not because they are not there but due to forming bad seeing habits. Once you start tapping into the power of your vision by learning to see with foresight, you will feel fresh energy and excitement and will be able to motivate yourself and others to act decisively and create success.

With the rapid advancements in technology, change is taking place at a faster rate than in past ages. Now, we not only need to think, we need to quickly unlearn our past thinking and look at fresh data without preconceived notions and learn to generate fresh insights . For this, a Leader needs to constantly scan the environment and keep adapting to change for herself and her followers. This can only be possible if we loosen our mind from the grip of verbal thought and constantly incorporate new things we see into our decision making process.

So start feeling excited about noticing things. You will start observing things which were below your level of awareness before. Be intrigued that someone as smart as you was overlooking the most obvious things till now. These new feelings will create curiosity in your mind and make you ask more empowering questions, sharpen your judgement and lead you to take better decisions.

A. Explanation of the Title SEE,FEEL,ASK,ACT

Even though our early childhood experiences form the basis of our mental concepts, over the years, our concept formation gets dominated by our language.In order to attain and sustain the level of success you deserve, you need to learn how to empty your mind from the chatter of verbal thoughts and restore what you SEE and FEEL as the basis of your concepts. Then you restore language and use it as a tool to ASK empowering questions; decisive ACTion will follow.

When you learn to see deeper and beyond what meets your eyes, what you see changes. When you see that you have more possibilities than what you had imagined before, you feel excited. Once you convert your feelings to images and the express the images into their corresponding words, the range of your questions expands. You not only can ask better questions, you start asking questions about hitherto unknown/ unconscious areas of your mind and the quality of your thinking improves. You finally manage the clear the debris from your mental pathways which convert thoughts into actions and your new, liberated thoughts lead to greater intensity of actions and these actions further lead to the expansion of your though process.

Additionally, you need to rescue the most important process in your mind from energy blockage and entropy so that energy gets converted to information which literally means energy in formation . This process is that for every word you hear you ought to be able to generate a corresponding (visual) image. The fragments of these images give birth to imagination, with which you can consciously shape your perception into a very optimistic worldview(lens) to view reality, for yourself and your followers.

Remember, restoring the process how your brain verbalizes visual information and visualizes verbal information will restore the sub-conscious processes needed for you to achieve the success you deserve. In nature, complexity is build by the opposite forces of differentiation and integration; hence, your conscious practice of converting visual information to verbal and verbal information to visual will build the complexity and efficiently into your thinking ability and make your mind into a truly complex adaptive system which can effectively respond to any change. Better seeing leads to better feeling which leads to better questions leading to better actions which in turn leads to even better seeing/perception(deepened by the experience of your better action). Once you set in motion such a positive spiral in your life, your thoughts get turbo charged automatically and you achieve success beyond your wildest dreams.

Mantra(spoken word),

Yantra(corresponding image of the word),

Tantra(the word and image combines to form techniques)

-----Ancient Indian spiritual saying.

C.Explanation to the addition to the Title:

4 Rules of sustaining ecological order through leadership

Why Rules and not steps or other corresponding words: “Rule” is not a “verbal formula”. Rule involves seeing what it is to follow a rule. Merely thinking does not lead to rule-following. You need to make a conscious effort to SEE how the rule needs to be followed and FEEL the necessity of following the rule and ASK new questions on how to follow the rule. So basically RULES involve incorporating non-verbal elements in your thinking in a systematic and logical manner.

Your old ways of leading life is not going to give you the success you deserve. Even if you get lucky and become successful sometimes, you may not be able to sustain the success over a period of time. Making incremental change will not suffice; you need to transform yourself by changing how you SEE, FEEL, ASK (questions) and ACT and enable others to do so also; in short, you need to activate the gift of leadership which you are born

“Are you a leader or a follower by nature?” Ask this question to people around you. Most people will say that they are a leader. That is because, Leadership is our basic nature and we need to tap into this nature within us. Once you stop thinking about yourselves and look at the problems and miseries of others and start behaving like a Leader, you will start having the success you deserve. You don’t need formal authority to become a Leader. Just start acting like a Leader and Leadership will emerge from within you.

The essence of Leadership is about creating and sustaining higher degrees of Order(termed Ecological Order) out of seeming chaos. In order to sustain Ecological Order(see pages .. and ..more explanations), you need to utilize the gifts which our evolution has endowed you with; you need to SEE(use perception), FEEL and ASK(better questions) so that you can ACT with success. So take charge of your ecosystem and seize Leadership now.

Obeying a rule is a practice

Ludwig Wittgenstein

B. Explanation to the picture( Pyramid with a single, open eye in which there is a picture of the symbol OM)

Look at the reverse side of a one dollar bill. You will see a pyramid inscribed by a single, open eye. If you look closely enough, you will see that there is an important addition to the picture on the one dollar bill; within the single, open eye, we have inserted the symbol of AUM(see page … for further explanations) or unity as the ultimate aim of this book is to enable you to be very successful by creating unity with your thoughts, perceptions, feelings and actions.

Below the pyramid is inscribed the motto, Novus ordo seclorum (Latin for "New Order of the Ages) which is adapted from the writings of Virgil.

This pyramid represents the process of building our society which is still continuing. The all-seeing eye stands for the wisdom needed to build and sustain an enlightened society. Once the infinite, all-seeing capacity of your metaphoric third eye opens up, you will be able to tap into the natural wisdom of the universe which is inherent in you and start become the Leader of your enlightened society, be it your company, your group or your family. Just the belief that you are going to become a leader from this moment onwards will set in forth events which will self reinforce and will transform you into a leader. So take the first step by believing that you are already a Leader and start behaving like one and the rest will follow.

They can because they think they can.” – Virgil

E. The Style of this book:

My goal is to write this book in as simple a manner as possible. However, in order to do a thorough job, I had to bring in lot of ideas from different subjects, some of them being very complex. So how do I weave complex ideas into a tapestry of simple style? I decided to introduce most of the complex ideas as quotations from leading thinkers, past and present, of the world in separate pages. Readers are at liberty to ignore some of the complex ideas and just read the explanations. Once you read the quotes at the end of every sub-section, go back and read the sub-section again; you will notice the changes in the meaning of what you previously read.

F. Three key themes: 1.Liberate insight from knowledge and become your own guru:

We are conditioned from childhood to rely on other people for most things; be it advice, motivation or support. Freudian theories say that such dependence is rooted in our early childhood experiences when we were hapless babies and we needed to be totally dependent on our parents. Hence, we became dependent or addicted to the opinions, theories and approvals of others.

You need to realize that no person, however brilliant, can enter your mind and heart simultaneously and give you better advice than you can give yourself. So give up the illusion of gaining confidence from others and become your own guru and learn to look into your own mind by beaming the light of attention to the hitherto dark areas.

Learn to form different theories for different occasions of your life. According to Karl Popper, philosopher of science, a good theory is one which either has been proved false or is rigorously open to challenges to being proved false. He considers Newtonian physics to be a good theory as it has been proved false and Marxism a bad theory as it can’t be proved false. Hence, there is no absolutely truth or “ one size fits all” theory in life. Cultivate a wardrobe of empowering theories and utilize whichever suits you.

Begin by observing your past experiences and developing hindsight. The images of your experiences will combine with the knowledge in your mind and give birth to insight. Then project these insights forward in time and construct alternate theories of future possibilities. When you map emotional tags of your experiences with these future possibilities, you will give birth to foresight, the fountainhead of wisdom.

Free yourself from the illusion of knowledge; realize that you have to go beyond knowledge to be successful in the world. In fact, in Indian philosophy, the word used to describe Unity is advaidya, which means the opposite of knowledge. So, success comes from uniting knowledge with elements like dreams and desires which are considered outside or beyond knowledge.

For our knowledge to lead to success and happiness, we need to learn how to acquire and discard(aka unlearn) knowledge at will; we need to make our experience the foundation of our knowledge. Do not take your knowledge for granted. You need to sow the seeds of doubt and acquire the habit of shaking the trunk of the tree of knowledge so that the apples of insight fall on your head and give you an occasional wake up call from your false sense of certainty.

The problem with knowledge required to be a Leader is that Leadership is both a Science and an Art(Social Science). It takes very deep awareness to oscillate between the two, since the method of approach of knowledge in science is mechanistic with fixed rules while in Arts(social science), it is dynamic since it deals with human nature. Hence, to be a better Leader, you need to bring balance between the two sides of your brain and create unity instead of cramming your mind with too much facts and figures.

2. Utilize Imagination and Faith to expand your concept of reality beyond your Ego

During the harsh reality of the Civil Rights Movement, Dr Martin Luther King could see beyond what met normal sight by tapping Imagination and Faith. So could Gandhi, so could Sam Walton, founder of WalMart or Ray Kroc, founder of McDonald and so can you. A big portion of reality resides in your mind and Imagination and Faith are the technologies you have in your disposal to look beyond your normal reality and see the vision of future greatness. To accomplish this, you need to look at reality without the filter of your Ego and then restore the Ego and think big.

Your Ego can be of 3 types--- weak, dominant or healthy. If you have a weak Ego, you really need to overcome such a weakness as it will be very difficult to achieve much success. If you have a dominant Ego, you probably will achieve some success and then falter. If you have a healthy Ego, then you have the right attitude for success. Hence, in order to set the stage for success, you need to convert a weak or dominant ego into a healthy ego and sustain it.

I have made ample use of literature and poetry to illustrate key ideas in this book. Literature and poetry appeals not only to our mind but also to our heart. It enriches us by making us see beauty and have faith and hope for the future. It opens the door of our potential. It is only through Imagination that you can break away from the limitations of the present and create

greater reality for yourself. To achieve success through leadership, you need to empower your reality with your imagination. Once you learn how to unlock the powers of your imagination, you need to learn how to use your imagination to create a deeper and more compelling reality.

You also need to have Faith in your future greatness. You can tap into the power of Faith either through religion or through a personal belief system. Religion is a double edged sword: On the one hand, most killings and genocide in human history has been in the name of religion. On the other hand, the mind needs faith and belief to survive and thrive in an uncertain world and the easiest way for us to tap into this faith is to believe in religion, as our mind is wired for faith, belief and spirituality. Religion lets us tap easily into a system which is already in our mind instead of us having to make a lot of effort and create fresh neural pathways for some other belief system from scratch. So use religion when you need a “quick fix” of faith and discard it when it is creating animosity and bitterness.

Another related topic to religion is “Free Will versus Determinism”. Are we free to shape our destiny or our future is already determined? Maybe, determinism is a good tool to make meaning for whatever has happened and heal the past. When you look forward in time, you need to believe that you have Free Will and have control over future outcome. Essentially, you need to use various spiritual concepts as tools to empower us and make you very successful and not use them when they are becoming roadblocks to our success.

3. Lead by sustaining motivation in yourself and others:

In its essence, this is a book on Motivation. My goal is to motivate you to be more successful in your life. Success begins when you start thinking and acting like a leader in every area of your life. The most important difference between successful people and others is that most successful people display lot of leadership qualities. So start taking responsibility for the actions of yourselves and your friends, colleagues and families and triumph in life. In the past, the information and knowledge needed to be a leader might not have been easily available but the social media revolution we are undergoing is putting these information in the hands of whoever wants to leverage it. So join online communities and leverage tools like Facebook, Linkedin, Google etc which can provide you the necessary knowledge to your questions and become a Leader in your own community, company, family or group.

Our Brain is wired to ensure survival.. Even though, you know logically that you are capable of much higher degree of success, your brain keeps you stuck at only the survival level of success. It does not help, that we get addicted to our body states. You need to clear energy blockages and go back to those memories of good feelings from the past. Then look forward in time and feel as if all your dreams and wishes have come true. Once you start having more satisfying feelings than that you are currently experiencing, you start rekindling the desire for true change.

You have gone through a lot in life, most of it not in your control. However, you have survived challenging times. As the quote from iconic Irish writer James Joyce says in the next page,

“You came safe through”

Hence, congratulate yourself. If you have come so far with after overcoming so much of obstacles, your journey going forward will be smoother if you really learn from your experiences and empower your followers to do so also. How about the dark clouds of economic uncertainty gathering in the horizon? What about joblessness or housing market? Trust me, in every opportunity there lies a threat and every threat comes with opportunities. A majority of the 30 companies like IBM or P&G which comprises of the S&P Index were formed during economic downturn. Key is to revive the spirits of yourself and your followers and be excited about taking action.

So step into a world of wonder and challenge, sharpen your acumen and enjoy the sweet taste of victory. Share some of your spoils with others and savoir in their success also. So get excited that you are detoxing yourself and making a clean break with the past. Once you “deep clean” your mind and restore the normal energy circulation, the natural process of motivation will be restored. You don’t have to struggle to motivate yourself and others any more. You will start seeing things in a new light and will acquire the skills to show new paths to success to your followers. You will feel very enthusiastic and your infectious enthusiasm will stimulate your followers to action. Naturally, you will start tapping into the fresh energies of curiosity and start asking more empowering questions. The collective action of yourself and your followers will lead you to an amazing destiny through an enchanting life experience.

H. How are the Sections organized?

We try to create Order in our lives by adapting to change. Hence, we are always reacting to the external world and are always at the mercy of it. Hence, our usual process of creating order, aka the Adaptive Order(Section C) is inherently flawed.

In order to overcome the randomness of Adaptive Order, we need to create Generative Order(Section B) by undergoing a one time transformational change by deep cleaning our 3 brains(Neo-cortex,Mammalian,Reptilian). However much we brush our teeth, we need to deep clean them in order to achieve higher standards of dental hygiene. Once this process is complete, for a moment in time we exist in Ecological order(Section D), where, instead of us adapting to change, we become the change which the world adapts to. Unfortunately, this is a momentary state, and with each passing of time, we slip into our old ways, customs and habits and again become a prisoner of change.

In order to remain at the level of Generative Order, we need to create Holistic Order(Section A) so that we can keep changing with the passage of time. This is when Adaptive Order becomes Ecological Order on a sustaining basis and we truly become the change we seek in the world. This is a state of consciously directing evolution; we start living a life of constant change and give birth to complex adaptive systems so that our Leadership ecosystem can have the continuous flow of information necessary to “Self organize” without depending on the trial and error methods of mutation and natural selection of our Adaptive Systems.

The path to Ecological Order is like a razor’s edge,it takes a lot of pain and effort to achieve. But the payoff is gigantic, your entire wellbeing and happiness resides in attaining this state. To begin with, train your eyes and start observing your past experiences, i.e. how you are creating Adaptive Order in your life right now. Once you start reframing your past experiences as “disorder” or chaos, you would have already sown the seeds of creating higher degrees of order.

This higher degree of order lies dormant within us. It is the essence of our being, it is the intelligence which keeps the planets in motion and makes our heart beat in clockwork precision. The path to this inner perfection is hidden in chaos. Management is about creating Adaptive Order; Leadership is about tapping chaos and creating Ecological Order, which is Order of a higher degree. So what seems to you as chaos is creative energy waiting to be harnessed.

Our values are what guides our actions in creating Adaptive Order. However, if your Values are not rooted in universal principles, they can lead to our destruction. To be “well liked” was the Value of the tragic hero, Willy Lomar, in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, and his actions eventually led to his death. Universal principles, which are rooted in Generative Order, also needs to change along with the passing of time. The constant work of creating Holistic Order is what will sustain the Ecological Order and prevent it from regressing back to Adaptive Order.

Notes: We are going to give a brief outline about all the eminent thinkers and practitioners we have quoted or going to quote along with some further reference. If you are interested in knowing more about someone, you can look that person up online.

Introduction:

Katha Upanishad: One of the principal Upanishads, the fountainhead of Eastern wisdom from which lot of Hindu and Buddhist philosophy is derived.

Peter Drucker: He dominated the field of management consulting. I have quoted him extensively in various topics from change to creativity.

Buddha: Indian Prince and founder of Buddhism.

David Bohm: Is a famous Quantum physicist who was persecuted due to allegedly being a communist during the Mcarthy era in US. He has extensively applied Quantum physics to understand how we think. Along with Stanford neuroscientist Karl Pribham, he developed the holonomic model of how the brain operates(like a hologram).

Rene Descartes: Famous French philosopher and mathematician of the 17th century who was one of the founding father’s of modern western thought.

Robert Frost: Was a famous American poet who was highly regarded for depicting rural American life in an authentic manner.

Fyodor Dostoyevsky: Was a famous Russian writer whose greatest works for his novels Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov(from which we have quoted extensively in the sub-section on Meaning under Chapter 4). He is considered to be a major source for the branch of philosophy called Existentialism and he has been majorly cited by subsequent intellectuals like Neitsche and Freud.

Karl Weick: Is an American Organizational Management Professor in the Ross School of Business, Michigan. His pathbreaking concepts like loose coupling and sense making bridge the gap between abstract thought and concrete reality.

Joseph Needham: a British academic and sinologist known for his research and writing on the history of Chinese science. His works are very insightful of Chinese culture. He wrote Science and Civilization in China among other books.

Ludwig Wittgenstein: Is an Austrian philosopher who is considered to be the biggest philosopher of the 20th century. His work centered around the limitations of our language and sheds light on our perception process. I have quoted him extensively also.

Charles Handy: Is an Irish writer and philosopher who has been consistently ranked as one of the most influential Management gurus in the world. He started his career in the marketing department of Shell Oil Co. His influential books include The Shamrock Corporation, The Gods of Management and The Hungry Spirit.

Joseph Campbell: Was an American writer who pioneered the study or mythology . The essence of his philosophy is “follow your bliss”. His pathbreaking book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces has influenced, George Lucas, among others. James Joyce, see below, is an important influence in his works.

Novus ordo seclorum (Latin for "New Order of the Ages): Motto of the United States.

Virgil was a famous Roman poet of the 1st century B.C. He was known for his famous works like the Ecologues, the Georgics, and the Aeneid. He was revered in the Middle ages as Ecologue was considered to be a prophecy for the birth of Christ.

Alfred North Whitehead: Was a famous British philosopher and mathematician who co-wrote Philosophia Mathematica with Burtrum Russell.

Advayataraka Upanishad: The Upanishads are considered to be the fountainhead of Eastern philosophy from which most Hindu and Buddhist thoughts are derived. They are total 108 in number. Advayataraka is one of the minor Upanishads(there are 12 major ones).

H.P. Blavatsky: Was the founder of the Theosophy movement. It was possibly the first school of thought to blend the wisdom of the East and the West. She,along with her disciple Alice Bailey, has considerably impacted the New Age Movement. Her books include Isis Unveiled and The Secret Doctrine.

Thomas Jefferson: Was the third President of the United States and was an influential “founding father”. He was the main author of the Declaration of Independence. He was responsible for initiating the Louisiana Purchase which greatly extended the US land mass.

E.O. Wilson: Famous American biologist who propounded the concept of Sociobiology in his book by the same name. He has talked about how the human mind is influenced by both genes and culture. Some of his other influential books include Of Human Nature and Consilence.

Marvin Bower: Former CEO of global consulting firm Mckinsey, he was instrumental in building the firm to its pre-eminent status. His books include The Will to Lead and The Will to Manage.

Marshall Goldsmith: American Professor and writer of books on Leadership and Management, he is considered as one the leading Executive coaches in the world.

Aristotle: Famous Greek philosopher and follower of Plato. He was also the teacher of Alexander the great.

James G.March: Professor Emeritus at Stanford University, he is known for his research on how decision making takes place in am organizational context.

William Blake: Was a famous British poet and painter. He subscribed to Gnosticism(Christianity prior to the Catholic Church) and was hostile to the Church of England. He wrote famous poems like The Marriage of Heaven and Hell and Jerusalem.

Starhawk: American best selling writer, activist and one of the leading voices of the eco feminist movement.

Blaise Pascal: Was a famous French mathematician and philosopher whose seminal work on Probability contributed to the establishment of Statistics as a Science.

Aeschelus: Classical Greek dramatist who is considered to be the father of Greek tragedy. He was the author of books like The Persians and Seven against the Thebes. He was followed by Sophocles and Eurepidites who further refined the genre of tragedy.

James Joyce: Was a famous Irish novelist who wrote the famous trilogy A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses and Finnegans Wake.

Rumi: Was a famous 13th century Persian poet and mystic. He belonged to the Sufis, a mystical sect of Islam.

Zig Ziglar: Famous American Sales guru and motivational speaker.

Winston Churchill: British Prime Minister known for his daring leadership during the 2nd World War. He was also a prolific historian and author who got was awarded the Noble Prize for literature.

Edward de Bono: Is a pioneer of creativity and the originator of the concept of lateral thinking which he popularized in his book, Six Thinking Hats.

J. Krishnamurthy: Was a famous writer and speaker on philosophy and spirituality who has influenced lot of notable intellectuals especially in the West. He was discovered by the Theosophical Society(see above under H.P. Blavatsky) as their new guru. However, on reaching adulthood, he dissolved that particular order.

Stephen Hawking; Is a British physicist who has done pioneering work on quantum gravity and black holes. He is also the author of the popular science bestseller, A brief history of Time.

Arthur Miller: Was an American playright who wrote classic plays like Death of a Salesman and The Crucible. He was also married to Marilyn Monroe.

Hegel: Was an influential German philosopher who propounded German Idealism. His work influenced German nationalism as well as Marxism. He created an elaborate philosophical system where opposite concepts get finally united(he called it thesis, antithesis and synthesis).

Ovid: Was a Roman poet who wrote several volumes of erotic poetry. He also wrote the famous poem Metamorphoses.

Ilya Prigogine: Was a famous Russian born Belgium physical chemist who won the Noble Prize for work on dissipative structures and complex systems. His work shares great insight on the nature of time and how organisms and organizations can “self organize”. The books include The End of Certainty.

Hesiod: Was a Greek poet and some of his poems, like Works and Days, had underpinnings of economics. He composed the epic poem Theogony where he speculated on the origin of the world and the Gods.

Part A: HOLISTIC ORDER: Expand your thoughts by adding perceptions

Rene Magritte: Was a Belgian surrealist artist whose work challenges peoples preconceived notions of reality.

Alberto Giacometti: Was a Swiss surrealist sculptor and painter. His created his sculptures and paintings the way he thought they ought to be seen.

Chapter 1: Emerging Perception from history

The Rig-Veda: Is one of the four ancient Hindu scriptures called the Vedas. It is among the most ancient scriptures known to man.

Billy Joel: American musician, pianist and composer who shot into fame with his first song, The Piano Man.

Anais Nin: Was a French author who was famous for her lifelong journals as well as for her writings on erotica.

Immanuel Kant: Was an 18th century German philosopher famous for

his theory of knowledge. In his most prominent book, Critique of Pure Reason, he has investigated the limitations of reason itself. Kant’s philosophy is the middle ground between those that believed that all knowledge comes from our senses only and those who believed the supremacy of reason.

Plotinus: His philosophy was called Neo-Platonism and his works like Ennead and others have influenced a whole range of mystics from different religions and spiritual traditions.

Henry Miller: Was an American novelist and painter. He crafted an unique style in his novels like Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn where he added elements of autobiography, philosophy etc

George Lakoff: Is an American linguist famous for ideas like metaphor being central to human thought. He explores a wide range of topics from cognition to politics in his books like Whose Values and Women, Fire and Dangerous Things.

Jean Piaget: Was a Swiss psychologist who studied the cognitive behavior of children and came out with four stages of cognitive development.

William Wordsworth: He launched the Romantic Age of English literature along with Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The Romantic Age, even though rooted in the German Sturm und Drang movement, overcame the Rationalism of the Enlightenment and later gave way to counter-enlightenment and Realism.

Edmund Husserl: German philosopher who was the founder of the school of thought

called phenomenology which believed that experience is the source of all knowledge. He has influenced, among others Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre and Jacques Derrida.

Marcel Proust: The French author of In Search of Lost Time, a strong contender for the greatest book of the 20th century.

Matthew 6:22-23: Is the first book of the New Testament. It deals with the life, death and resurrection of Christ.

D.T. Suzuki: Was a Japanese author who played a leading role in popularizing Zen Buddhism in the West.

Majjhima Nikaya: It is the second of the five Niyakas or “collections”, a body of spiritual texts associated with the Theravada School of Buddhism.

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin: French philosopher and Jesuit priest who came up with a liberal interpretation of the origin of the cosmos in his book The Phenomenon of Man. His views upset some of his fellow Jesuits as they were in opposition to the Doctrine of Original Sin, as propounded by St Augustine, the founder of the Catholic Church.

Robert Burns: Considered to be the greatest poet of the Scottish language, he was one of the pioneers of the Romantic Movement in literature.

J. Robert Oppenheimer: Was an American physicist who was the Scientific Director of the Manhattan Project(which developed the first Atomic bomb).

Isaac Asimov : One of the greatest Science fiction authors of all time, he wrote three series of books called the Foundation Series, the Galactic Empire series and the Robot series.

Carl Jung: Was a Swiss psychiatrist who was originally Freud’s greatest follower. He eventually broke with Freud and came up with a holistic view of psychology which incorporated dreams, mythology, religion and other aspects of our unconscious. We have extensively quoted him in this book.

Edgar allan Poe: Was an American writer and poet of the Romantic movement who is known for his tales of mystery and gruesomeness.

Ralph Waldo Emerson: Was an American essayist, philosopher, and poet who championed the cause of individualism as opposed to conforming to the pressures of society.

Malcolm Gladwell: Is a bestselling author who has created an enormous impact on contemporary society with the bestselling books like Blink and The Tipping Point.

Herodotus : Considered to be the "Father of History". He was the first historian known to write history in a scientific manner. He wrote The Histories, an account of the Greco-persian Wars.

Thucydides: Was a Greek historian who wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War, highlighting a war between Sparta and Athens in the 5th century BC. His writings show a keen understanding of human nature.

Plutarch: Was a Greek historian and biographer who wrote Parallel Lives and Moralia. His quest was to highlight the virtues and vices of characters and their impact on other men.

Ibn Khaldun: Was an Arab intellectual who was born in present day Tunisia. A wide range of modern day subjects, from Economics to Sociology has been influenced by his writings.

Fernand Braudel : Was the greatest French historian of the postwar era and a leader of the Annales School which propounded that large scale socio-economic factor over a large duration of time is what creates history and not individuals or isolated events.

Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr was an American historian and Pulitzer Prize recipient. He wrote a detailed account of the Kennedy Administration titled A Thousand Days.

Thomas Carlyle: Was a Scottish writer and essayist and the author of "On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History". In that book, he talked about heroic leadership and he compared a wide range of heroes from William Shakespeare to Prophet Mohammed.

Leo Tolstoy: was a Russian writer widely regarded as one of the greatest of novelists for his masterpieces War and Peace and Anna Karenina. He ideas of non-violent resistance has impacted Gandhi and Martin Luther King.

Karl Marx: Was a German political philosopher whose ideas in his book, The Communist Manifesto, gave birth to communism.

Isaiah Berlin: Liberal British philosopher and historian of ideas of the 20th century who was influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein.

Robert F. Kennedy: Was the US Attorney General during his brother, JFK’s Presidency. Later on, he was assassinated while he was the Democratic Party nominee for the Presidency.

Niccolo Machiavelli: Was an Italian diplomat and political philosopher who wrote The Prince, one of the most influential treatise on politics in the world.

William Shakespeare: Considered to be the greatest writer of all times, his genius resided in the fact that, unlike any other writer, he was considered to be a master of tragedy, comedy as well as history.

Pericles: Was a prominent statesman, general and orator of Athens. He was famous for his speeches like the “funeral oration”. The historian, Thycydides(see above), anointed him as "the first citizen of Athens".

Will Durant: Was an American historian who co-wrote The Story of Civilization along with his wife, Ariel Durant.

Marcus Aurelius: Was a Roman emperor who was also a Stoic philosopher. He is remembered for having writing Meditations, an early treatise of self improvement.

George Santayana: Was a Spanish-American philosopher whose famous works are A Sense of Beauty and The Life of Reason.

Maya Angelou: is an American autobiographer and poet. She is known for her six autobiographical books, the first of which entitled I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is the most famous.

James Madison: was an American politician as the fourth President of the United States . He is the principal author of the US constitution as well as The Federalist Paper, an influential commentary on the constitution.

Thomas Hobbes: Was a British philosopher whose book on political philosophy, The Leviathan, has greatly influenced Western politics.

Dag Hammerskjold :was a Swedish diplomat and author and wwho became the second Secretary-General of the United Nations. After his death in a plane crash, he became the only person to be awarded the Noble Peace Prize posthumously.

Chapter 2: Evolving change: From consciousness to energy

Neils Bohr :was a Danish physicist who won the Noble Prize for his seminal contributions to quantum mechanics. Heisenberg(see below under Chapter 3) was one of his talented students with whom he had a falling out which has been brilliantly captured in the musical Copenhagen.

Napoleon Bonaparte: Was French military leader and subsequent emperor who shaped European history of the early 19th century.

Chogyam Trungpa: Controversial Buddhist teacher of the Vajrayana School, he played a leading part in propagating Tibetian Buddhism to the western world.

Thich Nhat Hanh : Is a Vietnamese born Buddhist monk and peace activist who is now based in France.

Einstein: Considered the father of modern physics, he was a Swiss-American physicist of Jewish origin.

Stephen Covey: Leadership guru who wrote the all time bestseller The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.

William James: Was a pioneering American psychologist who trained as a doctor. He wrote several influential books on psychology and mysticism like The Varieties of Religious Experience.

Heraclitus: Was a Greek philosopher before Socrates who believed that change was the key to the universe.

Sophocles: Was the second of the Greek tragedians after Aeschelus(see above under Introductions). The most famous of Sophocles' tragedies are Oedipus the King and Antigone(which we have quoted in the last page).

Henri Bergson: Was a famous French philosopher of the early 20th century who pioneered the concept of elan vital, which explains evolution in a less mechanical and more vital manner.

Percy Bysshe Shelley: Was a famous English Romantic poet who wrote great poems like Ozymandius and To a Skylark.

Andre Gide: Was a French writer and Noble Prize winner who was very influential during the time between the two world wars.

P.D. Ouspensky: Was a Russian philosopher who was associated with the ideas and practices(which he summarizes in his book In Search of the Miraculous) of controversial Russian teacher, George Gurdjieff. We have also quoted him at the introduction of Chapter 5. Some of his other books include Tertium Organon(which has some of the most amazing concepts of time), The Fourth Way and The New Model of the Universe.

Lee Iacocca: Famous American automobile executive who turned around Chrysler after he was fired from the position of the President of Ford Motor Co.

Tom Peters: Former Mckinsey consultant who brought Management thinking to the masses with his book

In Search of Excellence which he co-authored with Robert H. Waterman, Jr.

St Augustine: Was one of the founding fathers of the Catholic Church. He was originally from Carthage in North Africa and was initially influenced by Manichaeism and then by the Neo-Platonism of Plotinus. He later converted to Christianity and conceptualized the Catholic Church as a spiritual city of God,in his book, The City of God.

Eckhart Tolle: Is a German born writer and spiritual teacher. He is the author of the bestsellers The Power of Now and A New Earth.

Karl Popper :was an Austrian and British philosopher .He is considered as one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century. Legendary investor George Soros, whom he taught at the London School of Economics, considers him as his guru. He wrote influential books like The Logic of Scientific Discovery, The Open Society and its enemies and The Poverty of Historicism.

Theophrastus: Greek philosopher who studied with Plato and Aristotle. He was appointed as Aristotle’s successor at the Lyceum(school).

Abraham J. Heschel: Was a Polish- American Rabbi who was considered as one the the most influential Jewish theologians of the 20th century.

ALBERT SCHWEITZER: Was a French-German theologian, philosopher and physician who founded a famous hospital in Gabon and was awarded the Noble Prize for Peace.

Henry David Thoreau: Was an American poet, author and naturalist who wrote very influential books like Walden and Civil Disobedience.

Margaret Mead: Was an influential American cultural anthropologist who brought insights from anthropology into Western culture.

Mahatma Gandhi: Was the pre eminent leader of the Indian freedom movement. He pioneered ways civil disobedience through non-violent resistance.

Kurt Lewin: Was a German-American psychologist who pioneered the studies of group dynamics and organizational development.

Fritz Perl: Was an American psychologist of German origin who pioneered “Gestalt Therapy”, a process involving perceptions, emotions, feelings and behavior.

Roger Bannister: Was a former English athlete and physician who was the first man in history to run the mile in less than 4 minutes, a feat which experts had described to be impossible.

Dante: Was an Italian poet of the Middle Ages. He is famous for composing the Divine Comedy, which is reputed to be the greatest work in the Italian language.

Acts of the Apostles: Also known as the Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament and is reputed to be written by Luke the Evangelist.

The Iching: which also means the Book of Change, is one of the oldest of the Chinese texts and is considered to be an integral part of Chinese culture.

Bhagawat Gita: Is one of the most sacred Hindu texts. It is considered part of the epic Mahabharatha(Ramayana is another famous epic).

Thomas Hardy : English novelist and poet. Even though he considered himself to primarily be a

poet, he wrote famous novels like Tess of the d'Urbervilles and Far from the Madding Crowd.

Charles Darwin: English naturalist who propounded the theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his book On the Origin of Species.

The Koran: Is the central religious book of Islam. According to Islamic tradition, the Qur’an was y revealed to Muhammad verbally by Allah through the angel Gabriel.

Martin Luther King Jr: Was an American clergyman and a prominent leader in the Civil Rights movement. He led the “March to Washington” in 1963 and gave “I have a dream” speech and established himself as one of the best orators in American history.

Lewis Carroll: Was an English author and mathematician who wrote Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass

Bob Dylan: American musician who impacted the Civil Rights and anti-war movement

with some of his songs such as "Blowin' in the Wind" and "The Times They Are a-Changin'".

Part B Generative Order

Todd Gitlin: American psychologist who did pioneering work on psychological frames.

Wayne Dyer: Leading American author of self help and spiritual genres.

Pema Chodron: American writer who became a Buddhist nun.

Daniel Goleman: Psychologist and writer of popular science who came up with the concept of Emotional

Intelligence. His recent book is about Ecological Intelligence.

Og Mandino: Former American self help author whose books have sold over 50 million copies. His most famous work is The Greatest Salesman in the world.

Leonardo da Vinci: Italian renaissance man of varied talents, he painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper, two of the most famous pictures of all times.

Chapter 3: Reframing Purpose with changing times

Muhammed Iqbal: Islamic philosopher who incorporated Western thinkers such as Nietzsche and Bergson into his thoughts.

Colin Powell: Retired American General and Secretary of State under George Bush Jr. He has been speculated as a potential Presidential or Vice Presidential candidate.

John Milton: English poet who is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost.

Sigmund Freud: Austrian neurologist who was the father of psychology. His theories centered on our unconscious mind as well as sexual desire as the main source of human motivation.

Rosa Parks: African American civil rights activist whose refusal to obey the bus driver’s command of vacating her seat sparked the the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a catalyst for the Civil Rights movement.

Abraham Lincoln: Was the 16th President of the United States who led his country through the Civil War and abolished slavery.

Miguel de Cervantes: Spanish author of Don Quixote, considered to be one of the greatest books ever written.

Danah Zohar: Is a pioneer in applying principles of quantum physics into psychology and organizational behavior. She has written books like The Quantum Self, The Quantum Society, and ReWiring the Corporate Brain.

Jean Paul Sartre: Was a French existentialist philosopher and novelist who has tremendous impact on 20th century French philosophy. He has written books like Being and Nothingness, Nausea and No Exit.

Anwar Sadat: Was the third President of Egypt who became a hero in the Arab world for his leadership against Israel in the 1973 war. Later, made peace with Israel and signed the Camp David accord for which he was ultimately assassinated.

Hank Aaron: Retired American baseball player considered to be one of the all time greatest.

Shakti Gwain: American self help and personal development author whose book Creative Visualization has sold millions of copies.

Charles Baudelaire: Was a 19th century French poet whose book of poetry Les fleurs du mal (The Flowers of Evil), have been acknowledged as classics of French literature.

T. S. Eliot: Was a British American poet. He is considered to be the most famous poet of the English language of the 20th century. Some of his works include The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, The Waste Land and Four Quartets.

Swami Vivekananda: Hindu monk and delegate to the Parliament of the World's Religions at Chicago in 1893.

Patanjali: He composed the Yoga Sutras which is a foundational text of Yoga, one of the six schools of Indian phiposophy.

Herbert simon: Was an American economist and psychologist whose extensive inter-disciplinary research made him a seminal contributor to various emerging domains of study like information processing, decision-making, attention economics and organization theory.

Richard Bach: American author who wrote several highly popular motivational books in the 1970’s like Jonathan Livingston Seagull, Illusions: The Adventures of a Reluctant Messiah.

Arthur Schopenhauer: German philosopher who explored the role of man's basic motivation which he called will in his most influential work, The World as Will and Representation. He also was the Greatest disciple of Kant and has influenced other thinkers like Friedrich Nietzsche,, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung.

Heisenberg: German physicist who made seminal contributions to quantum mechanics and conceptualized the uncertainty principle of quantum theory.

W. H. Auden: Anglo-American poet of the 20th century whose works represented changing politics and morality in society.

Rupert Murdoch: American media czar of Australian origin and CEO of News Corps whose media assets range from the conservative Fox news to the racy British Sun.

Earl Nightingale: Was an American motivational speaker and author. He used radio as a medium of spreading his powerful motivational message.

Napoleon Hill: A pioneer in the field of self help genre, he studied the success principles of Andrew Carnegie, steel baron, for years before he condensed them in his famous book, Think and Grow Rich.

Tibetan Book of the Dead: Is a funeral text of Tibetan origin and bears similiarity to the Egyptian

Book of the Dead. It sheds light t upon the experiences that the consciousness has after death and during the interval between death and the next rebirth.

Genesis 11:31: It is the first book of the Hebrew Bible, and the first of the five books of the Torah, the foundational Jewish religious and ethical texts.

Rabindranath Tagore: The first Non-Westerner to win the Noble Prize (for his poem Gitanjali), he was a prolific author and poet in the Bengali language.

Barack Obama: 44 th President of the United States.

Tony Robbins: Is an American self-help author and motivational speaker whose books include Unlimited Power: The New Science of Personal Achievement and Awaken The Giant Within.

Barbara Tuchman: Self trained American historian who won the Pulitzer Prize for her book, The Guns of August.

F Scott Fitzgerald: Iconic American author who chronicled the Jazz Age of the 1920’s

in his celebrated books This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and Damned, Tender Is the Night and The Great Gatsby.

Nyaya Sutra: Ancient Indian work of philosophy composed by Gautama where he extended the Vaiśesiika metaphysical system.

Plato: Disciple of Socrates and guru of Aristotle, he laid the foundation of Western philosophy. He was the author of the Socratic dialogues and founder of the Academy, first institution of higher learning in the West, in Athens.

Montaigne: Was a statesman and author and an extremely influential member of the Renaissance who propounded a philosophy of healthy skepticism in his Essays and influenced other notables like Rene Descartes and Pascal and perhaps even Shakespeare.

Francis Bacon: Extremely influential British philosopher of the early 17th century and father of the scientific method . Novum Organum and The New Atlantis were among his most influential works.

Henri Poincare: French mathematician, physicist and philosopher of science who made several original contributions to mathematics like the Poincaré conjecture.

Goethe: Was one of the key figures of German literature who composed the epic Faust and numerous poems . His other works included Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship and the The Sorrows of Young Werther.

Hermann Hess: Was a German born Swiss Noble Prize winner in literature who explored self realization and spirituality in his books like Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, and The Glass Bead Game.

Viktor Frankl: He was the founder of logotherapy, which helped patience by making them find meaning. He wrote the immensely influential book, Man’s search for meaning.

Harold Kushner: Conservative Rabbi who wrote When Bad Things Happen to Good People after the death of his infant son where he addresses the problem of evil.

St. John of the Cross: Spanish mystic, who, along with Saint Teresa of Avila, was a major figure of the Catholic Reformation.

Søren Kierkegaard: Extremely influential Danish philosopher who was a pioneer in dealing with existential issues like anxiety. Either/Or, The Concept of Anxiety, and Stages on Life's Way are some of his major works.

Seneca: Was a Roman Stoic(see also Marcus Aurelius above under chapter 2) philosopher. His philosophy consisted of controlling emotions, hence the expression, Stoic calmness.

Benjamin Disraeli: Was an influential British Prime Minister and writer of the 19th century.

Hillel: Was a famous Jewish religious leader who helped develop the Talmud, the central text of the Jewish religion.

Jack Welch: Former CEO of GE, who was considered the best CEO in the world during his times.

Steve Jobs: The founder of Apple, he is a personification of Silicon Valley innovativeness and ingenuity.

Chapter 4: Constantly update the Maps of your Feelings

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry: was a French writer and aviator. He is best known for his book The Little Prince. He also was a writer on aviation adventures.

Edmund Burke: Irish statesman and philosopher who is widely regarded as the founder of the Conservative Party of Great Britain.

Brian Tracy: Self help author who has written highly popular books like Maximum Achievement.

Erich Fromm: Was a German social psychologist and philosopher who expanded the religious roots of his work to include human abilities to forge their own values and actions.

Confucius: Extremely influential Chinese philosopher who has shaped morality and behavior of several countries including China, Japan, Korea etc

Antonio Damasio: Neurobiologist who has conducted extensive research on how emotions affect our thinking and decision making. He has written popular books like Descartes’ Error.

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk: Turkish army officer and statement who was the founder and first President of the Turkish Republic after the First World War.

Jack Kerouac: Iconic American novelist and poet, who along with Allen Ginsberg, symbolized the Beat generation.

THOMAS MANN: German Noble Prize winner who used symbolism in his writings. His famous books included Magic Mountain and Budde……..

Pearl S. Buck: First American woman to win the Noble Prize in Literature, she was raised in China and lived there till her late 30’s.

Helen Keller: Deaf and dumb from early childhood, her teacher, Anne Sullivan, broke her isolation from very poor language use to make her into a leading writer and educator.

Ayn Rand: Russian born American author, she was a big advocate of capitalism and limited government. The Fountainhead and l Atlas Shrugged are her best known works.

M. Scott Peck: was an American psychiatrist and best-selling author of the self help genre whose most famous work was The Road Less Traveled.

D.H. Lawrence: Was an English author who dealt with topics like instinct and sexuality. His most famous books included Sons and Lovers.

Ananda Coomaraswamy: Was a famous Sri Lankan philosopher who was a pioneer in introducing South Asian philosophy to the West.

David Hume: Extremely influential British philosopher who, along with John Locke and George Berkeley, were the leaders of the empirical school (who believed that all knowledge came from our senses)

John Lennon: One of the founding member of the Beatles, who immensely influenced pop culture with songs like Imagine.

JK Rowling: British author who created the Harry Potter series, one of the most successful authors of all times.

Arthur Conan Doyle: Was a British physician and writer who is famous for creating the character of Sherlock Holmes. He was also a writer of science fiction.

John Dewey: Was an American philosopher. Along with William James and Charles Pierce, he was a founder of the Pragmatism School of philosophy(

Albert Camus: French-Algerian writer and philosopher who won the Noble Prize for Literature. He has influenced the philosophy of absurdism and nihilism in his books like The Stranger and The Plague.

Oscar Wilde: Was a flamboyant Irish writer and playwright. He wrote the famous novel The Picture of Dorian Gray as well as the play The Importance of Being Earnest.

Henrik Ibsen: Was a famous 19th century Norwegian dramatist and director who explored the hidden moralities behind facades.

Jimi Hendrix: Was an American guitarist and musician who is considered to be the greatest guitarist of all times.

Spinoza : Was a Dutch philosopher of Portugese origin. He wrote the very influential book Ethics in which he influenced the subsequent Age of Enlightenment.

Virginia Woolf: Was a British novelist and feminist who was part of the famous group of intellectuals called the Bloomsbury Group. Some of her famous works include Mrs Dalloway , To the Lighthouse and Orlando.

Nathaniel Branden: A psychotherapist and writer and a former close associate of Ayn Rand(see above), his work centered around the psychology of self esteem.

Ramana Maharishi: Hindu mystic who maintained that the purest form of his teachings was silence, he believed in people following multiple paths.

James MacGregor Burns: Presidential biographer and a pioneer in the field of Leadership, he came up with the concept of ‘transformational leadership” and helped transform the field of leadership.

Chapter 5: Cultivate Culture and Pluralize your Mind

Erich Maria Remarque: Was a German author. He wrote All Quiet on the Western Front, a novel about the horrors of war.

Don Miguel Ruiz: Mexican author of New Age spirituality who book, The Four Agreements, have sold over 4 million copies.

Clifford Geertz: Influential American anthropologist who popularized the study of symbols in constructing meanings.

Lewis Mumford: American historian and philosopher who was noted for his studies on cities.

Frans De Waal : Dutch anthropologist who has observed primate social behavior and has written extensively about them in some of his books like Chimpanzee Politics and Our Inner Ape.

Gregory Bateson: British social scientist, anthropologist and linguist whose works like Steps to an Ecology of Mind and Mind and Nature touched lot of disciplines.

Ruth Benedict : A disciple of Franz Boas, the father of American anthropology, she influenced the broadening of the discipline of culture from the mere study of traits into a more holistic subject encompassing language, art, personality etc

Andy Warhol: American artist and film maker who popularized the visual art movement known as pop art. He was an icon of pop culture.

aldous Huxley: Was a leading intellectual and writer who was interested in mysticism and spirituality. Some of his famous books included The Doors of perception and Brave New World. His problems with seeing gave him unique insights about visual communications which he explored in his book The Art of Seeing.

Stephen King: American author of contemporary suspense and science fiction genre whose books have sold over 350 million copies.

George Orwell: Was an English author and journalist who wrote passionately against totalitarianism and championed the cause of a free society. His famous books include Animal Farm and 1984.

Michel Foucault: Very influential French philosopher of the late 19th century who is known for his critical studies of social institutions like prisons. His best known works are . He posited a dark view of society and was famous for his conflicts with other philosophers, most notably, Jurgen Habermas, who propounded a more enlightened view.

Noam Chomsky: Greatest American linguist of our times who propounded his concept of generative grammar in his book Synaptic Structures. According to him, certain linguistic principles are innate and common to all humans.

George Bernard Shaw: Famous Irish playwright whose best known work was Pygmalion, which was adapted to a very successful movie. He was a Fabian(British society) socialist who wrote a lot about the exploitation of the working class.

Voltaire: A leading figure of the Enlightenment movement whose works like Candide influenced both the French and the American revolution.

John Locke: Another influential leader of the Enlightenment movement, he held the view that the mind was a blank slate or tabula rasa and that our knowledge is derived from our experiences.

Derrida: Algerian born French philosopher whose theory of deconstruction has majorly influenced the thinking of recent times. Considered to be the greatest living philosopher till he passed away a few years ago, he books like On Grammatology has shaped the Post Modern understanding of literary theory and meaning.

Steven Pinker: Famous Canadian-American linguist and psychologist. He is well-known for his works on popular science like The Language Instinct and The Stuff of thoughts.

Zen koan: A method of teaching of Zen Buddhism where in a short story is told which does not fit into any normal concept of meaning. The purpose is to develop the intuition of the listeners and make them transcend the limitations of rational thought.

Martin Heidegger: Controversial German philosopher who has influenced notables like Jean Paul Sartre and who himself was influenced by Edmund Husserl. In his book, Being and Time, he explores the nature of Being.

Jerome Seymour Bruner: American psychologist who did seminal work on categorization. He also conducted research on child development and mental representations.

Han Feizi: Chinese philosopher and aristocrat who was a very influential member of Legalism School of Chinese philosophy.

Sam Walton: Iconic American entrepreneur who founded Wal Mart. His autobiography, Made in America, is a must read.

Idries Shah: Was a Sufi(see above…) author whose most famous work is The Sufis. He is best known for his humorous parables revolving around the character, Mulla Nusruddin.

Marshall McLuhan: Canadian author, philosopher and a guru of contemporary media studies.

Erasmus: Classical scholar of rhetoric and style, his works like In Praise of Folly, influenced and helped reform various branches of Christianity.

Dale Carnegie: American self help guru who has immensely influenced 20th century American culture with his book How to Win Friends and Influence People,

Ernest Hemingway: American author and journalist who cultivated an image of adventure. His writings expressed some of his experiences; for instance, he wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls out of his experiences of participating in the Spanish Civil War.

A lfred Korzybski: Polish-American philosopher who pioneered contextual studies of words and meanings and has influenced late 20th century sciences like Neuro Linguistic Programming(NLP).

Anthony Giddens: British sociologist who has pioneered holistic views of modern societies. He is a prolific author and has written books like Capitalism and Modern Social Theory. His views attempt to bring a balance between structure and agency.

Alex Haley: African -American author who became famous by writing Roots: The Saga of an American Family . He also collaborated with iconic Civil Rights leader, Malcolm X and co-wrote The Autobiography of Malcolm X.

Robert Putnam: American political scientist who has studied modern society. His most famous work is Bowling Alone where he propounds that social capital of America, in the form of civic and social life, has severely diminished.

Alexis de Tocqueville: French historian and political scientist who is famous for writing Democracy in America, based on his extensive travels in the United States.

Mary Parker Follett: Pioneering American management consultant and organizational behavior guru.

Vince Lombardi: Great American football coach and motivational speaker who converted Greenbay Packers from a losing team to one of the biggest Super Bowl winners in history.

Henry Ford: Iconic founder of the Ford Motor company who was not only a prolific inventor but also a genius in organizational innovations.

Louis V. Gerstner, Jr: Was the former CEO of IBM who accomplished the greatest corporate turnaround in history. Prior to IBM, he was the CEO of RJR Nabisco and after IBM, he was the Chairman of private equity powerhouse, The Carlyle Group.

Ed Schein : Legendary professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management, he has done pioneering work in organizational development and is considered to be the inventor of the term “corporate culture”.

R. Buckminister Fuller: American renaissance man who was an architect, designer and futurist among other things.

Kafka: One of the most influential writers of the early 20th century, he brings out a senseless, menacing worldview in his books like The Trial, The Castle and Amerika.

Richard Beckhard: Another pioneer in the field of organizational development, he wrote the influential Organization Development: Strategies and Models and also, helped David Gleither(see above under chapter 2) develop Gleither’s Formula for Change.

John Godfrey Saxe: American poet.

John Adams: Influential founding father and the 2 nd President of the United States who assisted Thomas Jefferson in drafting the United States Declaration of Independence.

Claude Levi Strauss: Influential French anthropologist who expounded the view that the “civilized” mind and the “savage” mind has lot of similar characteristics in his famous book Tristes Tropiques.

Emily Durkheim: Famous French sociologist who established the discipline of sociology along with Karl Marx and Max Weber.

Irving Janus: American sociologist who is famous for his concept of “groupthink” which highlights systemic errors when closely knit groups make decisions.

Vinod Khosla: Indian American Venture capitalist(VC) who has topped global ratings of VC’s several times in the past. He was the founding CEO of Sun Microsystems as well as a former partner in legendary VC firm, Kleiner Perkins.

Part C: Adaptive Order

Ernest Shackleton: Was an Anglo-Irish explorer of Antartica. Even though disaster struck his ship named Endurance, he managed to save the life of every crewmen and is often looked upon as a role model of good leadership behavior under pressure.

Chapter 6 Energize: Intensify the States

Brihadaranyaka Upanishad: A seminal text of Indian philosophy, and the oldest among the 12 major Upanishads(see Advar…… Upanishad under Introduction also), it literally means, the edge of the forest. TS Eliot adapted the last chapter of The Wasteland, What the Thunder said, from this book.

Tony Schwartz: Bestselling author and performance management guru who co-wrote The Power of Full Engagement: Managing Energy Not Time with Jim Loehr.

Oprah Winfrey: Iconic American television producer and talk show host who is regarded as one of the most influential women in the world.

William Butler Yeats: Very influential Irish poet of the 20th century.

Ralph Nader: American activist spanning a wide range of areas, from automobile safety to environment,who has stood for President for 4 times, both as a Green Party candidate and as an independent.

Tom Cruise: One of the leading actors of our times.

Emil Coue:French psychologist who pioneered method of self help called autosuggestion.

Esther Hicks: American self help guru and best selling author, has co-authored the bestselling series The Law of Attraction with her husband, as well as appeared in the film, The Secret.

Norman Vincent Peale: Protestant preacher and self help guru who wrote The Power of Positive Thinking.

Mao Zedong: Leader of People’s Republic of China from inception in 1949 to his death in 1976. He laid the foundation of China’s transformation into a great power.

Max Planck: German physicist who is considered to be the father of quantum theory.

James Allen : Author of the over 100 years old self help classic, As a Man Thinketh.

Andrew Carnegie: was a Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist who rose from humble origins to become the Steel King of America. Later he turned his attention to philanthropy and left behind a rich legacy in the fields of education and peace.

1 Corinthians : Seventh Book of the New Testament.

Robert M. Pirsig : American author best remembered for his influential book Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values.

Nelson Mandela: Was President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, he led South Africa out of an apartheid regime into a democracy. Considered as one of the greatest leaders of the late 20th century.

Hannah Arendt: Influential German philosopher and political theorist. She has dealt with subjects like the nature of power and totalitarianism in her works like The Origins of Totalitarianism and Eichmann in Jerusalem.

Franklin D Roosevelt: US President who led USA out of the Great Depression. He also played a leading role in the victory of the Allied Powers in the 2nd World War.

Marcus Buckingham: Influential Leadership and management guru who shot into fame by co-writing Now discover your strengths, based on 20 years of research by the Gallup organization.

Andy Grove: Former CEO of Intel who wrote the book Only the paranoid survives.

Samuel Johnson: English author and essayist who made a lot of contribution to the English language.

Arthur Ashe: African American tennis player who won three Grand Slams and also made strong contribution to social causes.

Mark Twain: Great American novelist and humorist, who is famous for his books like Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.

John Gardner: Former Secretary of Health under President Johnson, who also founded Common

Cause, the first non-profit public interest group in the United States.

Russell Ackoff: Management guru at the Wharton School, he is a pioneer in the fields of Systems Thinking and operations research.

Bertolt Brecht: German playwright and Marxist who has made major improvisations in the field of theatre.

Martin Buber: Austrian philosopher who has build the science of religious existentialism by distinguishing between the I-Thou relationship and the I-It relationship.

Edmund Hillary: Mountaineer from New Zealand, who, along with Tenzing Norgay, became the first person to climb Mt Everest.

Thorstein Veblen: Norwegian-American sociologist and economist who wrote The Theory of the Leisure Class.

Abraham Maslow: Extremely influential American psychologist who conceptualized Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs.

Nietzsche: Extremely influential 19th century German philosopher whose works include The Birth of Tragedy, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Beyond Good and Evil etc

Adam Smith: Scottish philosopher who is considered to be the father of economics. His famous works include The Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations.

Thomas J. Watson, Jr : Was the president of IBM from 1952 to 1971 and the eldest son of Watson Sr, the founder of IBM.

Thomas A. Edison: Extremely prolific American inventor and businessman who has impacted the lives of most Americans with his legacy.

Chapter 7: Learn : Wire the neurons

Donald Hebb: Canadian neuro-psychologist.

Benjamin Franklin: American politician, diplomat, scientist, civic leader who was one of the Founding fathers, he is considered to be the father of American values and character.

Confucius:Extremely influential Chinese thinker whose teachings are contained in his works, The Analects.

Bruce Lee: Chinese actor and martial art expert who is considered to be a cultural icon.

Socrates: Greek philosopher who is regarded as one of the founders of Western philosophy.

Bodhidharma: Buddhist monk of the 5th century A.D. who transmitted the essence of Zen from India to China.

Pablo Picasso: Spanish painter considered to be one of the greatest artists of all times.

Shunryu Suzuki: Japanese Zen philosopher who played a leading role in popularizing Zen in USA.

Tim Gallway: American author who became famous by writing The Inner Game of Tennis, where he established his philosophy of non-judgemental observation.

Howard Gardner: American psychologist best known for his theory of Multiple Intelligence.

Epictetus: Greek Stoic(see above… ) philosopher who believed that philosophy ought to be a way of life.

Alvin Toffler: American author and futurist who became famous after writing Future Shock.

Albert Bandura: American psychologist and Professor at Stanford who is known as the originator of social learning theory and the theory of self-efficacy.

Wole Soyinka: Nigerian author who became the first African to win the Noble Prize for Literature.

George Gurdjieff: Extremely influential spiritual teacher of the early to mid 20th century whose pupil was P.D. Ouspensky(see above…).

John Quincy Adams: American diplomat and President.

John Keats: Famous English poet of the Romantic era.

Jane Austen: Famous British novelist who is best remembered for Pride and Prejudice.

Salman Rushdie: British Indian novelist who became famous after writing Midnight’s Children.

George Miller: American psychologist.

Robert McNamara: Was American Secretary of Defense, President of the Ford Motor Co and President of the World Bank.

J.P. Morgan: Perhaps the greatest American financer of all times, he was instrumental in combing companies and forming companies like GE and US Steel.

Carlos Casteneda: Peruvian born American anthropologist and author who became famous by writing his first book The Teachings of Don Juan.

Thomas Paine: An American founding father, he also influenced the French revolution. His books include Rights of Man and Age of Reason.

Michael Jordan: Considered to be the greatest basketball player of all times.

Betsy Morris: Writer in Fortune and other magazines.

Martin E. Seligman: American psychologist and self help guru who has made major impact with his theory of learned helplessness.

Chapter 8 Strengthen: Form the Traits

Sri Aurobindo: Indian freedom fighter who turned yogi and philosopher, famous for propounding his vision of spiritual evolution of man. His most famous work is The Life Divine.

John F. Kennedy: 35th President of the United States, served frpm 1961 to 1963 when he was assassinated.

Ram Dass: Born Richard Alpert, he wrote the spiritual bestseller, Remember Be Here Now. He was closely associated with Timothy Leary at Harvard in the earlier part of his career.

Maxwell Maltz : American cosmetic surgeon who developed a self help system called Psycho-Cybernetics, which is also the name of one of his bestsellers.

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi: Burmese politician and Democracy activist whose party won the national elections but who has been under house arrest for most of the last 20 years.

Jonathan Swift : Anglo Irish writer whose most famous work is Gulliver’s Travel.

Cesar Chavez: Mexican American Labor leader and Civil Rights activist who founded the organization which became United Farm Workers.

Euripides: Who was the last of the three great Greek writers of tragedy after Aeschylus and Sophocles.

Hippocrates: Considered as the Father of Medicine, he prescribed the Hippocrates Oath which is followed by physicians.

Woody Allen: American movie director, screenwriter, actor and comedian.

Frank Lloyd Wright: Was an American architect and educator who was a major innovator and build houses in new forms like organic architecture.

Rosabeth Moss Kanter: American management guru and Professor at Harvard Business School.

Edith Wharton : Was an American novelist who won the Pulitzer Prize for the book The Age of Innocence.

Alfred Adler: Austrian doctor and psychologist and a former disciple of Freud who broke away from him and started his own school of psychotherapy centered on will to power.

Larry Ellison: American business tycoon and founder of Oracle who is known for his legendary drive and charisma.

Arnold Schwarzenegger: Austrian American bodybuilder, actor, businessman, and politician who is presently the Governor of California.

Charles de gaulle: Iconic French General and President who influenced the course of European history after the 2nd World War.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: Very popular American poet who composed poems like Paul Revere's Ride and The Song of Hiawatha.

John McCain: Long term US Senator from Arizona and the Republican nominee for President for the 2008 election.

Chester Irving Barnard: American business executive who wrote the extremely influential book, Functions of the Executive.

George Lucas: Academy award winning American film maker who is created the iconic science fiction series, The Star Wars.

Warren Buffett: Legendary American investor and philanthropist, he is the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway and is often termed as the “sage of Omaha”.

Oliver Stone: American film director and screenwriter who has won the Academy awards for Platoon and Born on the Fourth of July.

Arthur Koestler: Hungarian born essayist and novelist who wrote the anti totalitarian novel, Darkness at Noon.

Dr. Linus Pauling: American scientist who is considered to be one of the most influential chemist of the 20th century. He has won the Noble Prize for both Chemistry and Peace.

Joseph A. Schumpeter: Economist who did pioneering work in the areas of business cycles, he coined the term “creative destruction” and wrote influential books like Small is Beautiful. He is a “must read” for understanding the contribution and context of entrepreneurship to economic life.

Anita Roddick: British entrepreneur who founded The Body Shop. She was a leading environmental and social activist.

Peter Senge: Guru of Organizational Learning who wrote the immensely influential book, The Fifth Discipline.

Clayton Christensen: Professor at Harvard Business School who is best known for his studies on innovation. He has come up with concepts like disruptive innovation in his first book, The Innovator's Dilemma, which he has expanded in his subsequent writings.

Warren G. Bennis: Legendary leadership guru at University of Southern California’s Marshall School of Management, his book, On becoming a Leader, is considered to be a classic.

Lord Acton: English historian.

Victor Hugo: Very influential French author and poet of the Romantic Age who is famous for his books Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame.

Joseph Conrad: Polish born British writer whose anti-heroic style impacted Modernist literature. Some of his famous works include Lord Jim, The Secret Agent and the Heart of Darkness.

Saul Alinsky: Famous American community organizer who organized the poor for radical social action.

Scott Adams: Influential American management guru who is famous as the creator of the Dilbert comic strip.

Ronald Heifetz: Leadership guru at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, his theories of Leadership is very practice oriented and seeks to build adaptive capacity in institutions. His works include the highly influential Leadership Without Easy Answers.

Chapter 9: Organize: Control Impulse of Time and Space

Margaret J. Wheatley: Writer and management consultant in the field of organizational behavior.

Larry Page: Co-founder of Google.

Vincent van Gogh: Dutch painter of the post-Impressionist school who has majorly influenced 20th century art.

Henri Fayol : Was a French management theorist and a mining engineer who was an influential member of the School of Scientific Management.

Henry Mintzberg: Renowned Management guru and Professor of Mcgill University, in Canada whose most famous work is The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning.

Samuel Gompers: Famous American Labor Leader who advocated co-operation, he was the founder and President of American Federation of Labor(AFL).

Robert Kaplan: Harvard Business School Professor, who, along with David P. Norton, conceptualized the balanced scorecard, a means of connecting a corporation’s current actions with its long term strategies and goals.

Carly Fiorina: American business executive and former CEO of Hewlett Packard. As one of the first women to head a major corporation, she topped Fortune’s list of the most powerful women in American business several times.

Michael Porter: Legendary Professor of Harvard Business School who pioneered the study of Business Strategy with his book, The Competitive Advantage of Nations. He also co-founded strategy consulting company, The Monitor Group.

Ram Charan &Larry Bossidy: Co-authors of the book,…………….. Ram Charan is a legendary advisors to CEO’s while Larry Bossidy is one of the legendary CEO’s he advised when he was CEO of Alliedsignal(Honeywell).

Sun Tzu: Chinese general, strategist and Tao philosopher who wrote the most influential treatise on strategy, The Art of War.

William of Ockham: English priest who, along with Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus, is considered to be one of the most influential members of the Scholastic school of medieval philosophy.

Alfred Chandler: Pioneering business historian who did seminal work on scale and structures of corporations. His most famous work is Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise.

Harold S. Geneen: Influential American businessman and former CEO of the ITT Corporation, he, and his company, was an icon of the conglomerate age of business.

John Kotter: Management guru who is an authority on Leadership and Change. Some of his works include Our Iceberg is Melting, Leading Change and The Heart of Change.

A. K. Prahalad: Was Ranked the Number 1 Management guru when he passed away recently, he has impacted how the business world thinks, by reframing the world’s poor as an untapped market for global corporations in his influential book, The Fortune at the bottom of the pyramid.

Louis Pasteur: Very influential French chemist who invented the technique of pasteurization which prevented milk from getting spoiled easily.

Daniel Kahneman: Israeli psychologist who won the Noble Prize with Amos Tversky for their pioneering work on the psychology of decision making.

Musashi: Legendary Japanese samurai warrior who wrote the iconic book of strategy called The Book of Five Rings.

Muhammad Ali: One of the most famous boxers of all times, his charismatic personality has made a major impact on popular culture worldwide.

Jay W. Lorsch: is the Louis Kirstein Professor of Human Relations at the Harvard Business School.

Soichiro Honda: Pioneering Japanese industrialist who founded the Honda Motor Company.

David Ogilvy: Charismatic British business executive who has often been called “The Father of Advertising”.

Guy Kawasaki: Silicon Valley Venture Capitalist and Managing Director of Garage Technology Venture, who was one of the evangelists of the Mac when Apple started.

Homer: Extremely famous Greek poet who composed the epics Illiad and the Odyssey and impacted Greek and Western culture.

Chapter 10: Initiate: Win the War

Vincent van Gogh: Dutch painter of the post-Impressionist school who has majorly influenced 20th century art.

Boris Becker: German tennis player who was ranked Number 1 in the world.

Von Clausewitz: German soldier and militiray theorist who wrote an extremely influential book on military strategy entitled On War.

Chuang Tzu: Influential Chinese philosopher who belonged to the Hundreds School of Thought.

John Stuart Mill: British philosopher who was a proponent of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by Jeremy Bentham and his father, James Mill.

Thomas Aquinas : Influential Italian theologian and philosopher of the scholasticism School of thought, his best known works include Summa Theologica and the Summa Contra Gentiles.

Mikhail Gorbachev: The last Secretary General of the Soviet Union whose attempt at reforms and summits with President Ronald Reagan helped end the cold war and ultimately led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Bono: Irish singer and musician of the rock band U2 who is one of the most socially conscious celebrities in the world.

Khalil Gibran: Lebanese American poet and author who is considered to be the most widely read poet in United States. His most famous work is The Prophet.

Phil Jackson : former American professional basketball player and present coach, he is considered to be one of the best coaches of basketball history having coached Chicago Bulls before and Los Angeles Lakers presently to victory multiple times.

Erik Erikson: American psychologist who coined the term Identity crisis.

George Eliot: English novelist of the Victorian era whose works included The Mill on the Floss and Middlemarch.

Alan Watts: British philosopher and author who popularized Eastern philosophy especially Zen in the West.

Lady Gaga: Iconic 24 year old singer who came out of nowhere to become one of the most famous musicians in the world. She features in Times magazines list of top 100 influential people in the world and is a huge influence on popular culture.

George S. Patton: United States General during the 2nd World war who, though controversial, won major battles.

Alexander the Great: After receiving a classical education as Aristotle’s pupil, he conquered most of the known world, but died of exhaustion at the age of 32.

David Allen: Time management and personal productivity guru whose most famous work is Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity.

Part D

Black Elk: Famous Medicine Man of the Sioux Native American tribe.

Nitin Nohria: Professor at the Harvard Business School who has just been appointed as the 10th Dean.

Chapter 11 Make your new ecology of Leadership sustainable

Gro Brundtland : Former Norwegian diplomat and politician who is now a Special Envoy on Climate Change for the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

Paul Krugman: American Economist and author who won the Noble Prize for his work on international trade and the geographic concentration of wealth.

Maurice Strong :Canadian businessman and former oil company executive who has been a very influential figure in the world environment movement. He was the first Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme.

Michael Pollan: American Professor and a very influential writer on Food and agriculture.

Fritjof Capra: Austrian-American physicist and system theorist who became famous after writing his first book, The Tao of Physics.

Brad Pitt: One of the most famous contemporary American actor and social activist.

John Doerr: Legendary American venture capitalist at Silicon Valley Venture Capital firm Kleiner Perkins, he is arguably the face of the global venture capital business and has played a key role in the success of some of the greatest companies of Silicon Valley including Google.

John Mackey: American businessman who co-founded Whole Foods Market, he is a key figure in the organic food movement in United States.

John Chambers: One of the most successful hi tech CEO’s ever, he led CISCO from relative obscurity to becoming a giant in the tech world in the 90’s and then managed to sustain that position in the last ten years, a major feat in the Darwinian tech business.

Li Ka Shing: Very influential Hong Kong businessman and philanthropist who rose from very humble origins to become one of the richest man in Asia. His main company is Hutchison Whampoa Limited which was one of the 4 erstwhile British owned gigantic conglomerates of Hong Kong.

Nicholas Negroponte: Greek American computer scientist best known for being the Founder and past Chairman of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Media Lab.

Pierre Omidyar: French born American entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded EBay. He now runs Omidyar Network which invests in philanthropic ventures.

Sergey Brin: Russian American computer scientist who co-founded Google with Larry Page.

Tim Berners-Lee: British computer scientist who is credited with inventing the World Wide Web.

Tim O'Reilly: Founder of O’Reilly Media and a guru of free and Opensource software movement.

John Hagel: Renowned Management guru and former Mckinsey consultant, his work covers the overlap of business strategy and informational technology. His book Net Gain was one of the most influential business books of the dot com era.

Jeffrey Sachs: American economist famous for his works on poverty alleviation, sustainable development and globalization. His works include The End of Poverty and Common Wealth.

Thomas Friedman: American journalist and Pulitzer winning author who wrote the iconic book on globalization, The World is Flat.

NR Narayana Murthy: Co-Founder and former CEO of Indian outsourcing giant Infosys, his lectures around the world has been published as the book A better India: A Better World.

Naomi Klein: Canadian author and anti-corporate activist who wrote the influential book No Logo.

Coase’s Law: Propounded by Noble Prize winning economist Ronald Coase, it is considered to be the theoretical underpinning behind diverse economic actions from Government regulation to outsourcing.

Lee Kuan Yew: Legendary Prime Minister of Singapore widely credited as the main person behind the amazing rise of Singapore.

Paul Samuelson: The first American to win the Noble Prize in Economics, he is considered to be the greatest academic economist who wrote Economics: An Introductory Analysis, the best selling economic textbook of all time.

Robert Reich: American politician, academic and writer who was the Secretary of Labor under during the Clinton era.

Deepak Chopra: Extremely influential Indian born physician who is among the foremost gurus of New Age spirituality and holistic health of our times.

Simone de Beauvoir: Influential French existential philosopher and author who wrote the foundational work of feminism, The Second Sex.

Indra Nooyi: Indian American executive who is the CEO and Chairman of Pepsico. She has been consistently ranked as one of the most powerful women business leaders in recent times.

Muhammad Yunus: Bangladeshi banker and economist who was awarded the Noble Prize in Economics for pioneering the concept of microcredit, loans given to poor entrepreneurs who normally would not qualify on their own. He is the author of Banker to the Poor.

Max Weber: Extremely influential German sociologist and economist who studied the rise of capitalism in his book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.

Lord Keynes: British economist who is considered to be one of the most influential economist of all times, he wrote the treatise The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money.

Milton Friedman: Extremely influential American economist and founded the Chicago School of economics, he was a staunch advocate of the free market. He expressed his views in his famous book Capitalism and Freedom.

George Soros: Iconic American investor and philosopher of Hungarian origin who first became one of world’s most successful investor by implementing the philosophies of Karl Popper, his teacher at London School of Economics, and later, turned his attention to Popper’s concepts on free societies and started the Open society institute which has been influenced the reconstruction of post communist Eastern Europe.

Mitt Romney: A contender for the Republican nominee for the 2008 Presidential elections, he is a former CEO of leading management consultancy firm Bain&Co, and enjoys unmatched credibility about his economic expertise among contemporary American political leaders.

Thorstein Veblen: American sociologist and economist best known for his book The Theory of the Leisure Class.

Charles Dickens: The most popular English novelist of the Victorian era, his extremely influential novels like Oliver Twist, David Copperfield and others still impacts society to this very day.

Thomas Kuhn: American physicist and historian of science, he wrote the highly influential The Structure of Scientific Revolution.

Eleanor Roosevelt: Wife of American President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, she was a leading social activist and feminist.

Marianne Williamson: Leading author and New Age guru who became famous with her first book, A return to love.

Bill Clinton: 42 nd President of United States, known for creating the record level of economic prosperity in the history of United States.

Ronald Reagan: The 40th President of United States, best known for negotiating the end of Cold War and making United States the dominant superpower in the world.

E Pluribus Unum(out of many, one)----Another Motto of the United States.