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DECISIVE BATTLES

Chapter 15Section 5

Fired after Antietam for not pursuing Lee

General McClellan

General Burnside

Fired after Fredericksburg for

losing to Lee

General Hooker

Fired after Chancellorsville for

losing to Lee

Union Generals

Fired after Antietam for not pursuing Lee

General McClellan

General Burnside

Fired after Fredericksburg for

losing to Lee

General Hooker

Fired after Chancellorsville for

losing to Lee

Union Generals

General Meade given control of Union Army

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Summer 1863 Lee goes north again--- Out of supplies--- Wanted to force peace

Blue

Ridge

M

ount

ains

Pender

Heth

Buford

Confederates attack Buford’s Cavalry at Cemetery Hill near

Gettysburg

Pender

Heth

Buford

Confederates attack Buford’s Cavalry at Cemetery Hill near

Gettysburg

Buford holds off superior CSA forces

until Union reinforcements arrive

3

Armies compete for control of high grounds

Little and Big Round Top become major objectives

Armies compete for control of high grounds

Little and Big Round Top become major objectives

Pickett’s Charge

15,000 Confederate soldiers attack Union positions

Confederates make it to Ridge, but are driven back

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Gettysburg marks the “high water” point of the Confederacy

Gettysburg is the turning point of the Civil War

Confederates never go on the offensive again

Gettysburg marks the “high water” point of the Confederacy

Gettysburg is the turning point of the Civil War

Confederates never go on the offensive again

Meade does not pursue Lee

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Gettysburg Address

Lincoln gives speech at dedication of a military cemetery in Gettysburg

States that the Union is fighting to save democracy for the World

Gettysburg Address

“It is … for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us …that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain --- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom --- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth”

Battle of Vicksburg

• Union wanted to divide South at Mississippi River

• Union had total control except Vicksburg MS and New Orleans

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Battle of Vicksburg

• Ulysses Grant led Union attack against Vicksburg from river and land

Battle of Vicksburg

• Grant wins and gets complete control of Mississippi for Union

• Lincoln admires Grants Success in the west

• Grant is very aggressive

• Grant orders attacks on all fronts

Grant takes Control

7

Sherman led his army from Tennessee to

Atlanta

Sherman led his army from Tennessee to

Atlanta

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Begins September 1864

Total War

• Destroy not only army of enemy but homes, factories, farms

– wanted to destroy the will of the people to fight

• Sherman used total war on his march to the sea

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9

“We are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor,

feel the hard hand of war.”

• Lee becomes surrounded in Virginia

• Decides to surrender to Grant on April 9 1865

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Appomattox Courthouse

• Grant accepts Lee’s surrender

• Terms are generous

– soldiers kept homes, horses, land and were given food

Results of the Civil WarCasualties of the War

Results of the Civil WarSlaves were freed

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Results of the Civil War

Nation is more important than States

People start identifying themselves as American

Results of the Civil War

Federal Government

grew in size and power

Results of the Civil War

Income tax created to pay for war

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Results of the Civil War

Land for Homesteads in West

Transcontinental Railroads

State Universities were created

Results of the Civil WarManufacturing and

Industrial industries expanded during and

after the war