Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Section 3. Han Emperors in China. The Han Dynasty expands China’s borders and develops a system of government that lasts for centuries. NEXT. SECTION. 3. Han Emperors in China. The Han Restore Unity to China. Troubled Empire - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Section 3
Han Emperors in China The Han Dynasty expands China’s borders and develops a system of government that lasts for centuries.
NEXT
NEXT
The Han Restore Unity to China
Han Emperors in China
Troubled Empire• In Qin Dynasty peasants resent high taxes and harsh
labor, rebel
SECTION
3
Continued . . .
Liu Bang Founds the Han Dynasty• Liu Bang defeats Xiang Yu, a rival for power, and
founds Han Dynasty• Han Dynasty—begins in 202 B.C., lasts 400 years• Han Dynasty has great influence on Chinese people,
culture• Liu Bang establishes centralized government—a
central authority rules• Liu Bang lowers taxes and reduces punishments to
keep people happy
Interactive
NEXT
The Empress Lü• Liu Bang dies in 195 B.C.; wife Lü seizes control
of empire• Empress Lü rules for her young son, outlives him• Palace plots and power plays occur throughout
Han Dynasty
continued The Han Restore Unity to China
SECTION
3
The Martial Emperor• Liu Bang’s great-grandson Wudi rules from 141 to
87 B.C.• “Martial Emperor” Wudi defeats Xiongnu
(nomads) and mountain tribes• Colonizes Manchuria, Korea, and as far south as
what is now Vietnam
NEXT
A Highly Structured Society Emperor’s Role• Chinese believe their emperor has authority to
rule from god• Believe prosperity reward of good rule; troubles
reveal poor rule
Structures of Han Government• Complex bureaucracy runs Han government• People pay taxes and supply labor, military service• Government uses peasant labor to carry out public
projects
SECTION
3
Chart
Continued . . .
NEXT
Confucianism, the Road to Success• Wudi’s government employs 130,000;
bureaucracy of 18 ranks of jobs• Civil service jobs—government jobs obtained
through examinations• Job applicants begin to be tested on knowledge
of Confucianism• Wudi favors Confucian scholars, builds school to
train them• Only sons of wealthy can afford expensive
schooling• Civil service system works well, continues until
1912
continued A Highly Structured Society
SECTION
3
NEXT
Han Technology, Commerce, and Culture Technology Revolutionizes Chinese Life• Invention of paper in A.D. 105 helps spread
education• Collar harness, plow, wheelbarrow improve
farming
SECTION
3
Image
Agriculture Versus Commerce• As population grows, farming regarded as important activity• Government allows monopolies—control by one
group over key industries• Techniques for producing silk become state secret
as profits increase
Chart
NEXT
The Han Unifies Chinese Culture Bringing Different Peoples Under Chinese Rule• To unify empire, Chinese government encourages
assimilation• Assimilation—integrating conquered peoples into
Chinese culture• Writers encourage unity by recording Chinese history
SECTION
3
Women’s Roles—Wives, Nuns, and Scholars• Most women work in the home and on the farm• Some upper-class women are educated, run shops,
practice medicine
Image
NEXT
The Fall of the Han and Their Return The Rich Take Advantage of the Poor• Large landowners gain control of more and more land• Gap between rich and poor increases
SECTION
3
Wang Mang Overthrows the Han• Economic problems and weak emperors cause
political instability• In A.D. 9, Wang Mang seizes power and stabilizes
empire• Wang Mang is assassinated in A.D. 23; Han soon
regain control
The Later Han Years• Peace restored, Later Han Dynasty lasts until A.D. 220
This is the end of the chapter presentation of lecture notes. Click the HOME or EXIT button.
