Section 24 - SCADA Rev 1.pdf

8/10/2019 Section 24 - SCADA Rev 1.pdf

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Wastewater Standard Technical Specification

Section 24SCADA


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Oman Wastewater Service Group Wastewater Standard Technical Specification

ContentsPage

24 SCADA 1

24.1

Hardware Requirements 1

24.2 Software Requirements 2

24.3 Alarms 7

24.4 Security 9

24.5 Reports 10

24.6 SCADA System Tests 25

24.7 SCADA System Colour Coding 26

ppendices

Appendix A

SCADA Performance Requirements

A1

APPENDIX 1


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Section 24 Page 1

24 SCADA

This document details the standard requirements for the SCADA system.

SCADA systems provide detailed, local site and process alarm reporting, monitoring and

process control facilities for treatment works installations where specified.

Data collected by the SCADA system is retained locally and is not routinely transferred off

site. However, access to this data from a remote location shall be possible via a Wide Area

Network connection to a Corporate Network, and via the SCADA remote access facilities.

Data shall be continuously acquired by the SCADA system through a network interface(s) to

the PLC systems installed on the plant. This data shall be held in a real time database by

the SCADA system. Some or all of this data shall be stored to provide historical information.

SCADA data shall be displayed on either the local SCADA system or where specified, on a

remote workstation in the form of alarm lists, mimics, trends and reports.

Any SCADA system fitted with a remote terminal or client shall support at least two

simultaneous users.

24.1 Hardware Requirements

24.1.1 Computer Specification

The contractor shall provide a personal computer for use as a SCADA computer. The

personal computer shall include the following items:

3.5 inch 1.44MB floppy disk drive.

CD-RW compact disk writer for archive purposes.

PLC network interface card.

An appropriate number and type of serial and parallel interfaces for peripherals.

The contractor shall evaluate the performance requirements for the particular application

and shall ensure that the hardware specification does not unduly limit the performance of

the SCADA system, taking into consideration applications such as report generators running

concurrently with the SCADA software.

The contractor shall also confirm that the hardware platform meets the recommended

system requirements specified by the relevant software vendors.

The supplied PLC network interface card supplied shall be as recommended by the PLC

manufacturer. The relevant supporting software shall be installed and configured to enable

direct communications with the supplied PLCs.

Sufficient solid-state memory shall be provided so that swapping of data with disc store is

minimised and performance levels achieved. The computer shall be configured to operate

from 230/240V AC 50Hz supply.

Unless otherwise stated, all SCADA and associated equipment shall be supplied from a

UPS.

Unless otherwise stated, the specification of the computer shall be such that when fully

programmed and operational it complies fully with the performance requirements stated in

Appendix 1 of this specification.

The level of redundancy shall be as detailed in the Particular Specification.

24.1.2 Specification

The contractor shall supply printers for use as SCADA equipment.

All printers shall be capable of being supplied from a 230/240V AC 50Hz supply.


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Printers shall be provided with a suitable paper feed with the capacity of at least 100 sheets,

and a receptacle for printed output.

Screen Printer - An ink jet colour printer shall be provided complete with an A4 sheet feeder

mechanism and a suitable stand and configured so as to be able to produce full colour

accurate representations of screen displays, including mimics, trend displays and reports.

Alarm / Event Printer A dot matrix printer shall be provided complete with a paper feed

mechanism suitable for use with continuous feed paper and a suitable stand so as to be

able to print alarm print outs.

24.1.3 Equipment Environment Requirements

The environmental specification of the SCADA equipment (including associated peripherals)

and the specification of location in which it is to be located shall be matched such as to

ensure that the SCADA equipment environmental specification is not exceeded.

24.1.4 Furniture

The contractor shall provide furniture in accordance with the requirements of the particular

specification.

24.1.5 Equipment SecurityThe SCADA system shall be located in a suitable control room or other secure location.

24.2 Software Requirements

The following shall be provided:

PLC network interface software, as recommended by the PLC manufacturer

the operating system used on all SCADA installations shall be as agreed with the

Employer and as recommended by the SCADA application supplier

All documentation, including but not limited to software licences and licence keys,

associated with the above software shall be provided to the Employer.

All software shall be licensed to the Employer by the contractor.

Software licences shall cover application run time and configuration.

House keeping shall be automatically performed by the SCADA system. All operating

system temp (.tmp) files and other system temporary files shall be deleted automatically on

a regular basis.

Where a symbol and or a dynamo do not exist for a specific application a symbol or dynamo

shall be designed and submitted to the Engineer for approval.

24.2.1 Disaster Recovery

A disaster is defined as a complete failure of the SCADA system.

A disaster recovery system and procedure shall be provided. A description shall be

submitted in the FDS to the Engineer for approval.

An additional (back-up) hard disc drive shall be provided for each computer supplied. Upon

successful commissioning of the system, the complete contents of all active hard drives are

to be copied to back-up drives.

The disaster recovery procedure shall be fully described in the O&M manual.

As part of the FAT and SAT the contractor shall be required to demonstrate the disaster

recovery procedure as described in the O&M manual.


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Alternative disaster recovery methods may be offered by the contractor and shall be fully

described in the contractors tender / scope submission.

24.2.2 SCADA system configuration start up and power failure recovery

On start up or on resumption after power failure on the whole or any part of the plant, the

system shall automatically self start, configure, connect to all external communications links

and display the main menu.The user shall not have to enter configuration data or initialisation commands during the

start up process or operating period. The system shall retain all settings that have been

previously set by the user. The FDS (at the design stage) and the Operational and

Maintenance Manuals (at As Built stage) shall list all such settings for the Engineers

approval.

After shutdown or on loss of power, or on resumption after loss of power, all totalised and

other calculated values shall be retained and redisplayed. All log files and values shall also

be available and uncorrupted.

The system set-up shall include the disabling of the auto run facility for CD-ROM.

24.2.3 Configuration

The contractor shall be responsible for the configuration and integration of all hardware, and

communications, and shall also be responsible for all software installation and configuration

including disk and memory allocation to meet the functional requirements of the system.

The Contractor shall submit details of the database configuration displays, trends, reports

etc for approval as part of the Functional Design Specification (FDS).

24.2.4 Configuration Details

24.2.4.1 Mimics

All mimics shall display a menu tool bar at the top of the screen capable of providing the

following facilities: Login/logout, Alarm list summary Display, Event log display, Trend Menu

display, Main Menu Display, System Menu Display.

The contractor shall configure sufficient mimics to cover the entire plant. Mimic pages shall

show an overview of the whole plant.

The plant shall be broken up into logical areas with at least one mimic page per area. Each

mimic shall show all controlled and monitored plant within the area that it covers.

In general, the mimic shall resemble the P&I diagram. Unmonitored or uncontrolled plant

shall be shown where a contribution to the process is made by this plant.

All plant shown shall have its tag number displayed on screen as close as practicable to the

plant item icon.

The operator shall be able to move between mimic pages by two methods, either by directly

selecting the page from the overview graphic or by navigating through the plant using

graphical buttons on the input or output links of mimic pages. These buttons shall clearlyshow in graphics or text the screen that will be selected if the button is pressed.

Mimics pages shall be of 2 distinct types: process pages (chained from the Main Menu

Overview Screen) or system and diagnostic pages (chained from the System Menu

Overview Screen).

The contractor shall not locate his company name or logo or any other form of advertising

on any of the mimic screens. The contractors name and contact details shall be configured

on the system start up screen.


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The engineering units associated with each reported value on the mimic shall be displayed

beside the value.

Where the run / stop status of pumps is monitored, all pumps shall have their running hours

totalised. The run hours shall be displayed on a different mimic / graphic.

Diagnostic mimic pages shall be configured to monitor the status of all the PLC I/O modules

and all PLC network communications statistics. Each slot shall be clearly identified by slot

number and card type and the I/O signals identified by number and name. The mimic shall

also display for each I/O point:

The raw PLC value

Engineering unit value, default value (if a default is specified) and if the default is in use

24.2.4.2 Graphical User Interface

The graphical user interface will provide facilities for both process monitoring and control.

The facilities will be provided to monitor plant status, start and stop plant and change plant

process set-points.

It is intended that all mimics will have a common look and feel as far as is possible. Mimics

will consist of three main types.

24.2.4.3 Overview Mimics

The Overview Mimics are the 'gateway to the Detail Mimics. They will not display any

detailed information, although the Overview Mimic for an area of plant may indicate the most

important status information.

24.2.4.4 Detail Mimics

The Detail Mimics will show detailed status of all of the dynamic equipment on the plant. All

of the required monitoring and control facilities will be available from these screens.

24.2.4.5 Pop-up Mimics

Pop-up mimics will be partial page mimics that are selected from detail mimics. They will

normally be associated with plant items.The system structure will be such that all full-page mimics should be accessible within 4

selections from any other mimic in the system

The user interface will be via a keyboard and 'pointing device. Typically the 'pointing device

will be a mouse or tracker ball.

Plant items on detail mimics may be selectable items. Plant items, which are selectable, will

be outlined in grey when the pointing device is over them.

Selection of individual plant items will display a pop-up mimic. This would be a face plate

type mimic for most plant items, from which further pop-up mimics may be selected using

windows buttons. The faceplate would facilitate the calling of the following options.

Control Pop-up - will facilitate the manual control of plant items, when it is appropriate.

Trend Pop-up - will display a real time trend of a selected analogue plant instrument.

PID Pop-up - will display the current PID parameters associated to a control loop.

Statistics Pop-up - will display the current running hours, no. of starts etc. for a plant item.

Plant equipment which only has one option (i.e. an instrument may only have trend

information) will go directly to the appropriate pop-up without the need for a faceplate. Only

one pop-up mimic may be open at any time. When a detail mimic is closed any pop-up

mimic, which is displayed at the time must also be closed.


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24.2.4.6 General Mimic Discipline

This section will detail the general graphical rules for the generation of mimics, most will

also be relevant to pop-up mimics.

Each mimic will have a title bar, which, along with the mimic title, will display the time, date

and the numbers of unacknowledged and total alarms. The site name will also be displayed

within the title bar. Every full-page mimic will have a 'Help' button on the right hand side of

the title bar.

An alarm banner consisting of the three most recent alarms will exist at the bottom of the

page; the banner will be the full width of the screen. Above the alarm banner will be a

function key banner. The function keys F2 to F9 and F11 to F12 will be displayed. Function

keys F1 and F10 are not used as they have reserved functions within Windows.

The following rules should be observed in the creation of full-page mimics:

[1] The filenames used for graphics must be meaningful text

[2] All screen development shall be based upon a screen resolution of 1024 by 768 pixels.The screen size shall be 17"

[3] Graphics will be drawn in two dimensions

[4] All process flow lines shall be vertical or horizontal

[5] Process flow lines shall be the appropriate process colour. Process lines shall not beanimated in any way

[6] Process flow shall be from left to right, unless it is unavoidable or would reduce clarity.Sufficient process coloured direction arrows will be super-imposed on the process flowline to ensure clarity

[7] The crossing of flow lines shall be avoided. Where it is unavoidable, the vertical flow lineshall have breaks either side of the horizontal line. These breaks will be as small aspossible to maintain clarity and of a uniform size

[8] All process flow lines shall be of a uniform thickness; there shall be no increase in sizeat process flow lines junctions. Line thickness for process flow lines shall be 3 points(pixels)

[9] Text shall be lower case with leading upper case. The exception to this being equipmenttags names which shall be all upper case

[10] Equipment status shall be displayed in a graphical manner and through the use ofcolour of the appropriate symbol. Process critical and alarm conditions shall not beindicated by colour alone

[11] Tag names and status words shall both be inserted below or to the right of equipment

symbols. Where either position would be possible, the preferred position is below thesymbol

[12] Static symbols shall only be shown on mimics where they are necessary to aid overallclarity. When it is necessary to show static symbols they shall be drawn in black

[13] Selectable area on any screen will be highlighted in a grey rectangle when the pointingdevice passes over the area


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[14] Where possible common features on mimics shall be placed in consistent positions.This will include Help, Trend and Alarm summary selection

[15] Pop-up mimics will not be sizeable and should appear on detail mimics in such aposition so as not to obscure the plant item to which they refer

24.2.4.7 Main Overview

The Main Overview is the top-level mimic, which will be displayed when the system is firststarted. It should be possible to return to this Overview mimic from any other mimic by a

single action from the keyboard or pointing device. The 'F2' function key on every other

mimic shall be used for this purpose.

The main overview will be used as the 'gateway' to either detail mimic or to lower level

overview mimics, this will be dependent on the complexity of the installation.

The 'F4' function key on this mimic will be used to select the 'Operator Log-In' pop-up mimic.

24.2.4.8 Process Overview

Process overviews shall be provided for more complex installations, these will allow direct

access to the detail mimics. Smaller installations will have the functionality of the process

overview combined into the main overview.The process overview shall be developed in such a way as to portray the physical plant

layout. Each area of plant would be illustrated as a 'box' on the mimic, showing the main

process flow lines between the areas of plant. Essential information may also be

represented on the mimic.

The appropriate detail mimic will be selected by clicking the pointing device on the

appropriate box, which represents the required plant area. It should be possible to return to

the process overview from any given detail mimic by a single action from the keyboard or

pointing device. The 'F3' function key shall be used for this purpose.

The box representing each area of plant shall be a grey button, having a border, which will

only be visible when an alarm is present in that area of plant. The general area alarms for

this purpose shall be generated within the PLC and not within the SCADA. When clicked,

the button shall activate the appropriate screen.

24.2.5 Symbols

A standard symbols library shall be developed in conjunction with the Engineer.

24.2.6 Screen Navigation

Navigation shall be developed in conjunction with the Engineer.

This is the method by which the operator will select new full-page mimics and call up partial

page pop- up mimics from full-page mimics.

24.2.6.1 Function Key Bar

The function keys will be selectable using the keyboard or the pointing device. These keyswill generally be used to select the standard full page mimics that should be selectable fromevery mimic. They will include:

F2 Main Overview

F3 Process Overview (If required)

F4 Return / Login (on Main Overview)

F5 Spare (Project Configurable)

F6 Spare (Project Configurable)

F7 Communication Status

F8 Trends


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F9 Alarms Log

F10 Access to Supervisor level and above

F11 Alarm Summary

F12 Alarm Reset

The remaining function keys, which have not been specified, may be used on a project

specific basis. These keys shall not be used to navigate between detail mimics.

24.3 Alarms

Alarms of all types generated by the system shall be time-stamped at SCADA to an

accuracy of one second.

The SCADA system shall be able to receive and respond to incoming alarms at any time

and under any prevailing operating conditions, including the routine polling cycle, within the

response times defined by the specified performance requirements in Appendix 1.

The Contractor shall define the priority of all alarms and submit to the Engineer for approval.

Upon approval, the definitive list shall be incorporated into the FDS.

The Contractor shall define alarm groups and assign each alarm to an alarm group. This list

shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. Upon approval, the definitive list shall be

incorporated into the FDS.

An alarm list shall be available to record all alarms and shall enable users to inspect or

recall alarms in various formats, with the aid of structured query facilities. The alarm list shall

have a capacity of at least 2000 alarms. The alarm list shall identify as a minimum, the

source, date and time of occurrence priority and status by colour code.

On an annunciation of an alarm condition, the operator shall be able to acknowledge alarms

whilst viewing the alarm list. Provided the condition causing the alarm is no longer present

the alarm shall be removed from the list and an alarm acknowledged message recorded in

the event log and if defined within the FDS, additionally sent to the alarm printer. If the

condition causing the alarm is still present a tick shall be shown beside the alarm message

on the list and the message will not be removed from the list.

All alarms shall remain active until acknowledged by the user and must remain on the alarmbanner and summary list in a form, which is clearly displayed until the source of the alarm

condition has been removed.

24.3.1 The Alarm Banner

As a minimum, the alarm messages shall contain the I/O tag name, the I/O point name, the

text status, Priority, Time and Date. Note that priority shall be indicated by different colours

for different priorities.

There shall be a simple means of navigating from the alarm message to the related mimic.

Only the three most recent active and unacknowledged alarms shall be displayed on the

alarm banner.

The format and detailed functionality shall be agreed in conjunction with the Engineer.

24.3.2 Alarm and Event Log

All events (including user log in / out and other user activity) and alarms / events detected

by the system shall be logged and stored in a permanent file, which shall be capable of

being accessed and viewed by operator level upwards. Event log viewing shall be initiated

by a button on the menu tool bar.

Log records shall be kept in a manner such that they are not alterable by any party.


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Any part of the event log (including during the current day and current time) shall be capable

of being viewed and/or printed at any time.

Search and locate facilities (including specification of date range) shall be provided to assist

the user to locate specific events, tag numbers etc.

The alarm log shall be divided into logical groups that represent the different elements of the

process, for example main alarm groups for primary treatment, secondary treatment,

electricity distribution, etc. Each main group shall be divided into sub-groups as appropriate,

for example primary treatment might be divided into inlet screens, grit removal, etc.

The alarm log shall incorporate the facility for the user to view specific alarm groups only as

well as all alarms.

The alarm log shall incorporate the facility for the user to view separately the alarms that fall

into the following categories:

Active and unacknowledged

Active and acknowledged

Inactive and unacknowledged

Inactive and acknowledged

For active alarms, the alarm log shall display when the alarm became active and, if

appropriate, when it was acknowledged.

For inactive and unacknowledged alarms, the alarm log shall display when the alarm last

became active and when it became inactive.

For inactive and acknowledged alarms, the alarm log shall display when the alarm became

inactive and when it was last acknowledged.

Log records shall be kept in a rolling event log file, which shall be stored in a reserved

portion of hard disk space. The amount of hard disk space reserved for the alarm log shall

be agreed with the Engineer. Alarms shall be stored on a first-in-first-out basis.

24.3.3 Printing Functionality

Printers shall be supplied as defined under the Hardware Requirements section of thisspecification. The contractor shall be responsible for the configuration of all printers

provided.

Alarm and event log to be printed on request.

24.3.4 Alarm Priority

There shall be a facility for defining alarm priorities.

If alarms are required to be prioritised, then this shall be stated in the Particular

Specification.

Alarm priorities shall be agreed with the Engineer.

24.3.5 Alarm GenerationIt is intended that all alarms shall be generated in the PLC, and then passed to the SCADA

system as digital signals. This shall include analogue alarm levels, which shall not be

generated within the SCADA system.

Plant items which have several alarms associated with them shall also have a general

failure alarm generated within the PLC. Plant Area general alarms shall also be generated.

These general alarms shall be used on the mimics to indicate plant item and plant area

alarms on the process overview mimics.


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In the event of a major alarm e.g. mains electricity supply failure, an alarm shall be raised

for this alarm but all consequential alarms shall be suppressed. The alarms to be classed as

major alarms shall be agreed with the Engineer.

24.3.6 Alarm Display

There shall be three separate ways of displaying alarms:

Alarm Banner This shall appear at the bottom of each full page mimic displaying thethree most recent alarms on the system. Acknowledged alarms shall remain on the

banner until they are cleared or replaced by more recent alarms

Alarm Summary This shall be accessible from every full page mimic and shall contain

up to a full page of the most recent alarms. Alarms shall remain on this page as long as

they are still current or have not been acknowledged

Alarm Log This shall show all the alarms regardless as to whether they are still current

or not. The length of this alarm log shall be configurable

24.4 Security

24.4.1 Security Codes

The contractor shall implement the passwords defined by the Engineer. These shall be

defined during the design phase.

24.4.2 Default / Guest

This user group will only have access to View screens. They will not be able to select

anything which may effect plant or system operation in any way. This will include the

inability to acknowledge or reset alarms.

24.4.3 Operator

The operator user group will have similar security access to the default and guest user

groups. In addition it will be possible to change duty selections for items of plant.

24.4.4 Supervisor

The supervisor user group will have similar security access to the operator, except that thesupervisor will be able to control all items of plant and change any system set-point. The

operator will also be able to acknowledge and reset alarms.

24.4.5 Developer

The Developer will have access to all areas of the system. This will include the ability to

close the SCADA application and return to the operating system. There will normally be only

one system administrator on any site installation. Any new user accounts or modifications to

the security codes, must be configured by the Developer.

24.4.6 General Security Considerations

All installations of the SCADA application will automatically enter the Run mode when the

system is started. The ability to switch applications, using Ctrl_Alt_Esc or Ctrl_Shift_Esc to

display the Windows start-up menu, will be disabled in Run mode.

24.4.7 Archiving and Retrieving

A utility shall be implemented to allow the supervisor to archive and retrieve data by

selecting options from a System menu via a button on the tool bar at the top of the screen.

When it is selected the system shall prompt the supervisor to insert the appropriate CD and

select the information which is to be archived, e.g. reports, data, events alarms, trends etc.

By default all trend data, all alarms (of all priorities) and all operator and supervisor actions


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shall be archived. The supervisor shall be able to retrieve data by selecting the date of the

archive file.

Archive data shall be held in a form that allows it to be retrieved and entered into an Excel

spreadsheet.

Data shall normally be archived onto optical disc, but floppy could be selected. Usually the

optical CD will reside in the SCADA PC ready to archive or retrieve data.

System data and events / alarms shall be stored on hard disk. The hard disk area reserved

for data storage shall be managed on a first-in-first-out basis. The amount of hard disk

space available for data storage shall be agreed with the Engineer.

Data archive shall be performed automatically by the SCADA system by writing weekly data

to the optical drive. This process shall be completely automatic, to ensure that the data

archive is successful, the system shall perform all checking of system devices as required

and prompting of the supervisor will be performed only to assist with fault diagnosis to

resolve problems associated with a failure to write archive data. The time at which data

archive takes place shall be capable of being changed by the supervisor.

An alarm shall be generated if for any reason the hard disk is nearing full capacity. This

warning shall be set at 80% of disk capacity. Additionally, an alarm shall also be generated

via the PLC system to telemetry.

24.5 Reports

The software shall provide Operational, Engineering and Management Reports. As a

minimum these shall include:

Daily / weekly summated flow

Min / max / average process data

Process trends

Chemical consumption

Power usage, etc.

Data on operational plant and process availability

Any other reports required arising from discussion with Scottish Water on a site basis.

The reports shall be generated using Microsoft Excel and shall be generated automatically

and on operator request. They will be stored in electronic format in addition to a printout.

Selection of the Report button will initiate an instance of Excel for the viewing of System

reports.

The printing, saving, closing etc of any report will be provided by the facilities provided

within Excel.

Note that it will be the Users responsibility to close any instance of Excel.

The system reports are to be constructed to a standard layout. These reports are to be

formatted within Excel. Within Excel the Page can be split into a number of sections. For

the purpose of these reports the following sections are to be used.

24.5.1 Page Header

This contains information that will appear on every page positioned below the report header

on page one and at the top of every other page. This section should contain the main report

title positioned centrally on the page.


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24.5.2 Details Section(s)

A 'details' section will appear on every page of the report with a new details section on every

page, i.e. three pages means three details sections. These sections contain all of the details

contained within each report. The 'details' section should be constructed to allow the

relevant information to be easily read. A 3pt horizontal Navy line should separate different

sections within the details section.

24.5.3 Page Footer

This will appear at the bottom of every page of the report. This section should contain the

page number and total number of pages in the format Page 1 of 5. This should be

positioned centrally on the page. A 3pt horizontal line should be positioned above the page

number to separate this from the main body of the report.

24.5.4 System Time

The SCADA system real time clock shall be synchronised to local time.

Where a real time clock is required in a PLC / SCADA control application, all PLCs/ SCADA/

Telemetry shall be synchronised to a single clock source.

24.5.5 Analogue Dead-bands

The dead-band of each analogue shall be defined and submitted to the Engineer for

approval in the FDS.

24.5.6 System Diagnostics

The SCADA system shall include internal diagnostics facilities. As a minimum the number of

communications statistics counters e.g. number of errors, number of packets/bytes sent and

received, shall be recorded, totalised and displayed on a diagnostic mimic until reset by the

operator. The reset shall be recorded by a message in the event log.

Screens shall be provided for I/O diagnostics. E.g. Raw digital inputs and outputs from the

PLC.

In PLC network systems, diagnostics screens shall be provided for all PLCs on the network.

Watchdog timers shall be implemented to monitor the communications for each PLC that

communicates with the SCADA system. On expiry of a watchdog, a communications alarm

(relevant to that particular failure) shall be annunciated on both the SCADA system and the

telemetry outstation.

24.5.7 Historical and Real Time Trend Graphs

All process analogues shall be configured for real time and historical trending and logging.

The system shall allow for one, two, three or four variables to be displayed on the same

trend. Following discussions with the Engineer, the groups of signals allocated to trends

shall be as defined in the FDS.

24.5.8 Standards for Programming

No programming shall be carried out unless the required functionality cannot be

implemented by configuration of the supplied software packages. In the event that

programming is required written approval from the Engineer must be obtained.

24.5.9 Performance of SCADA System

The table shown in Appendix 1 shall define the performance requirements.


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24.6 Fibre Optic Cable for SCADA System

24.6.1 Scope of this Document

This specification covers the general requirements to be applied to all Control & Automation

systems and equipments to be installed within Oman Wastewater Services Company

projects.

This document is a guide to the design, installation and testing of different types of fibre

optic cables including buried, ducted and blown. The Installation of fibre optic cables shall

be governed by, but not limited to, the provisions specified, and shall be undertaken to high

standards of workmanship and in a safe manner. This specification shall be utilised with one

or more of the referenced international standards to complete the COMPANY requirement

for installation Works. However, it remains the contractor responsibility to ensure the

complete installation of FOC. This specification shall be used in conjunction with the

separate related sections of the Electrical Standard Specifications as follows:

24.6.2 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes

The design of the projects shall comply with the following codes and standards

British Standards:

BS 89 Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and

their accessories.

BS 381C Colour for Identification, Coding and special purposes

BS 4794 Control Switches

BS 6231 PVC Insulated cables for switchgear

BS 381C Colour for Identification, Coding and special purposes

International Standards

EIA-455 Standard Test Procedures for Fibre Optic Fibres, Cables, Transducers,

Connecting and Terminating Devices.

EIA-598 Optical Fibre Colour Coding

IEC 529 Environmental protection

IEC 793-1 Generic Specification for Optical Fibres

IEC 794-1- General Specification for Optical Fibre Cables

IEC 794-2 Product Specifications for Optical Fibre Cables

IEC 874 Connector for Optical Fibres and Cables.

IEC 1073 Splices for optical fibres and cables.

IEC 1218 Fibre optic - Safety guide.

ITU-T G.652 International Telecommunication Union- Telephony: Characteristic of

Single mode Optical Fibre Cable

Omani Electrical Standards.

All relevant local and Omani regulations shall be complied with. Any item not specifically

detailed in this Specification, which are necessary to provide a safe and fully operational

working system, shall be deemed to be included.


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Company HSE Standards

All Company Health Safety and Environmental Protection Standards shall be complied with.

Refer the Document: Construction Safety Standards CSS 01, for further details.

Compliance with Standards

All requirement of this specification shall apply except where the manufacturers standards

are more stringent and then the latter shall apply. If a standard becomes old and a latest

issue of the same standard is available then the latest issue shall be followed. For any

deviation from these standards, the written agreement of the Company shall be obtained

prior to commencing associated engineering or construction work.

24.6.3 Service and Environmental Conditions

Temperature:

Recorded of extreme of site ambient temperature are: +5oC to +50

oC

Al ti tude:

Height above Sea level: 0 - 2000m

Relative humid ity:

Highest: 95%

Lowest: 40%

Atmosphere:

The equipment and material are to be suitable for installation in coastal industrial plant

where the atmosphere is subject to dust storms.

Mean annual rain fall: 100mm

Daily average wind speed: 4-5 m/sec

24.6.4 Priority

Standards shall take the following priority (in order of highest to lowest):

The project related technical specification (Shall be attached as Annexure)

This document ( Standard Specifications )

International Standards

Industry Standards

24.6.5 Safety regulations

Safety is the most important aspect of a fibre optic cable installation and highest priority

shall be assigned to the safety issues. These safety recommendations are meant to

supplement, not to replace, relevant local & national laws, company-specific safety practices

and other codes and regulations. Some of the key points are:

- To prevent eye damage, never look into the end of an optical fibre unless a power meter isused to verify that no optical signal is present.

- Testing for explosive gases and proper ventilation of underground facilities is vital.

- Capable ventilation equipment must be used according to local regulations & practices priorto installation of FOC cables in underground facilities.

- A running ground must be used whenever there is the possibility that a voltage may besomehow applied to the cable. The use of compressors for cable blowing requires carefulattention be paid to the safety instruction for the compressor and all compressed air fittings.


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Section 24 Page 14

24.6.6 Definitions

Technical Terminology

Macro bend

A relatively large-radius bend in an optical fibre, such as might befound in a splice organiser/enclosure tray or a fibre-optic cable thathas been bent. The definition of "sufficiently large" depends on thetype of fibre. Single-mode fibres have a low numerical aperture,typically less than 0.15, and are therefore are more susceptible tobend losses than other types. Normally, they will not tolerate aminimum bend radius of less than 6.5 to 7.5 cm (2.5 to 3 inches).

Macro bend loss

In an optical fibre, the loss attributable to macro bending. If a lossfound from OTDR test at 1550nm wavelength is greater than 0.05dB comparing with loss found at 1310nm wavelength for the samepoint then this considered to be a macro bend loss contributed todamages and bents done during installation or objects (e.g. stones)damaged the fibre.

Micro bend

In an optical waveguide, sharp curvatures involving local axialdisplacements of a few micrometers and spatial wavelengths of afew millimetres. Note: Micro bends can result from waveguidecoating, cabling, packaging, and installation. Micro bending cancause significant radiative loss and mode coupling.

Micro bend loss

In an optical fibre, the optical power loss caused by a micro bend. Ifa loss found from OTDR test at 1310 nm to be greater then 0.03 dBat a point, where there is no splice then this is considered to bemicro bend loss.

Abbreviations

AC Alternating Current

ADSS All Dielectric Self Supporting

BS British Standard

CCIR Committee Consultative International Radio

CCITT Committee Consultative International Telegraphy and Telephony

Db Decibel

DC Direct Current

24.6.7 Design Stages and Submissions

In the design stage, the following shall is mandatory:

A pre-survey of the route shall be conducted for all types of installations. Optical power loss budget shall be calculated for any FOC link.

Problem areas shall be identified & fixed and an installation plan should be clearly

defined prior to the start of the installation.

In addition, the Contractor shall submit the followings:

Catalogue Data: Catalogue data on conduit system, manholes, conduit fittings, conduit

plugs, pull rope, identification tape, and warning signs.

Detailed bill of materials.


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Section 24 Page 15

Drawings indicating the routes, total layout and locations of all manholes.

Catalogue data on all testing devices proposed for use plus certifications of accuracy,

calibration, and traceability to standards of the National Institute for Standards and

Testing.

In case of pressure blowing, detailed methodology of blowing FOC.

In case of HDPE duct installation, detailed installation methodology of the duct.

In case of cable pulling, pulling calculations for all conduit runs. A cable pulling and splicing work plan shall be submitted. Work plan shall include the

following. The name and qualifications of the supervisory personnel that will be directly

responsible for the installation of the cable and/or conduit system.

24.6.8 Route survey

The Contractor shall make a physical survey of the project site for the purpose of

establishing the exact cable routing, termination points, jointing locations and cutting lengths

prior to the commencement of any work or committing any materials. The Contractor shall

conduct the detailed survey and confirm the line route. If a change in route is required for

any practical reason, prior approval should be obtained from the Company. The contractor

shall ensure that clearances are maintained from the fibre optic cable to any part of the line

or surroundings.

24.6.9 Optical Power Loss Budget

The optical Power Budget presents the optical budget calculations. The link calculations

(OLTE - OLTE) shall be designed to give a bit error rate of better than 1 x 10-9, based on

the average expected joint loss. Table 1 shows the parameters to be included for calculating

the required System margin.

Table 1: Required System Margin

System Margin dB

Equipment Degradation (ageing of Laser lifetime 3

Design Noise 1

Operation Margin (Safety Margin) 1.5

Future Splice Margin (The system shall allow at

lease 10 additional joints)

0.1 per splice

The fibre optic link shall accommodate up to additional 10 joints (5 repairs) without

exceeding the error performance. Table 2 shows the recommended parameters to be

included for calculating the link losses.

Table 2: Recommended link losses parameters

1.1.

24.6.10 Testing

The Contractor shall perform pre-installation and post-installation FOC tests. The Company

Site Representative shall be notified a minimum of 10 days in advance so that these tests

are witnessed. The Contractor shall carry out all the Site Acceptance Tests (SAT) required

to prove that the FOC is free from damage, installed according to the Company

specifications and requirements and functioning properly. The contractor shall provide a

detailed Integration acceptance test document with the following information as a minimum

for approval by the Company before the scheduled test. The Company at its own discretion

Link Losses dB

Cable loss (G.652) 0.4 dB/km

Splice loss (G.652) 0.1

Connector Loss 0.5

FDF loss (Connector loss + Jumper loss) 0.75


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Section 24 Page 16

shall ask the contractor to include (or waive) any tests to ensure proper functionality of the

network

Test Plan

Schedule

Procedures

Equipment setup diagrams

Result Sheets

24.6.11 Specifications For FOC Network Materials And Accessories

The following sections comprise guidelines for the mostly used materials for FOC network

and its specifications. However, it remains the Contractor responsibility to identify and

procure all the required materials for the complete FOC installation work.

24.6.12 Fibre Optic Cable

It describes the construction, performance, acceptance criteria, and installation of

polyethylene sheathed armoured optical cables (PSA) and polyethylene sheathed

dielectric optical cables (PSD).

Design PSA : Armoured Cable

Design PSD : Dielectri c Cable

High molecular weight PE sheath

Water Blocking Tape

Ripcord

Dielectric Strength Yarn

Buffer Tubes & Fibers

Water Blocking Yarn

FRP Rod

High Molecular Weight PE Sheaths (2)

Corrugated Steel Tape

Water Blocking Tape

Ripcords (2)

Dielectric Strength Yarn

Buffer Tubes & Fibers

Water Blocking Yarn

FRP Rod


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Section 24 Page 17

For PSA cable, applications include pulling/blowing into ducts and direct burial by plowing or

by trench & backfill method. PSA designs should be well protected against attack by

rodents & termites and have excellent crush & impact resistance to provide protection

against the rigors of direct burial installation. For PSD cable, deployments are limited to duct

installation by pulling or blowing. The cables described herein have a stranded loose buffer

tube construction that is designed so that no net axial fibre strain occurs at maximum pulling

tension.

24.6.13 Cable Construction

The required cable is comprised of the following components listed radially from the centre.

A central strength & anti-buckling member made of 2.5 mm GRP.

Super absorbent polymer yarns wrapped around the central member (or super

absorbent polymer binders suitably located elsewhere in the cable structure)

SZ stranded loose buffer tube containing optical fibres and a thixotropic filling

compound.

Optionally, filler rods may be used in lower fibre count cables to keep the structure

round.

A layer of aramid yarn that is engineered to provide the required level of tensile

strength.

A super absorbent polymer tape wrapped around the aramid yarn

One or two ripcords

A PE inner sheath

A corrugated steel armour tape (PSA only)

A PE outer sheath (PSA only)

24.6.14 General Requirements

The cables must be circular in cross section and free from pinholes, joints, repairs and other

defects. Materials used in the construction of the cable shall not affect the physical or optical

properties of the fibres and shall be compatible with each other. The fibre and stranded

loose tubes shall be colour coded as specified below to provide easy identification at either

cable end.

The cable must be of stranded loose buffer construction where fibres are contained in aseries of tubes (6 or more). The fibres must have enough free space inside the tube to

provide the required level of mechanical and environmental performance. The inside of the

tubes must be filled with a thixotropic gel to prevent moisture ingress. The buffer tube-filling

compound must be non-toxic and dermatologically safe. It must free from foreign matter,

chemically and mechanically compatible with all cable components, non-nutritive to fungus,

non-hygroscopic, and electrically non-conductive.

For lower fibre counts, filler rods may be placed into any unused positions in the stranded

fibre optic core. The filler material must be made of a material compatible with other core

components. Each buffer tube in the finished cable is distinguishable from the others by

means of colour coding as follows:

Tube Number Buffer Tube Colour

1 Blue

2 Orange

3 Green

4 Brown

5 Gray

6 White


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Section 24 Page 18

24.6.15 Optical Fibres

All optical fibres must meet the requirements set forth in ITU-T Recommendation G.652 and

the detail specifications below. Each optical fibre must be protected with a dual layer

acrylate coating. The inner layer shall be optimised for adhesion to the cladding glass,

strippability and temperature performance while the outer coating shall be a harder material

optimised for abrasion performance. Each cable must have traceability of the optical fibre

back to the original fibre ID number and test parameters as provided by the fibremanufacturer.

Optical fibres shall have a high level of splice compatibility with optical fibres from other

manufacturers. No fibre splices are allowed in any continuous length of cable. Each fibre in

a tube must be distinguishable from other fibres in the same tube by means of colour coding

ink discernible throughout the design life of the cable. Required fibre colour sequence is as

follows:

Fibre Number Fibre Colour Fibre Number Fibre Colour

1 Blue 4 Brown

2 Orange 5 Gray

3 Green 6 White

24.6.16 Super-absorbent Polymer Materials

Cables must be water blocked with superabsorbent polymer water blocking yarns, tapes

and/or binders. The superabsorbent polymer materials must be safe, easy to remove and

require no special handling or solvents.

24.6.17 Inner Sheath

The sheath must be made of a high molecular weight linear PE meeting the requirements of

ASTM-1248, type III, Class C, Category 5, Grade J3. The inner sheath thickness should be

nominally 1.0 mm or to meet the required cable mechanical and environmental performance

characteristics.

24.6.18 Strength Yarns

The strength yarns for PSA and PSD cables shall be aramid yarns.

24.6.19 Outer Sheath

The sheath must be made of a high molecular weight linear PE meeting the requirements of

ASTM-1248, type III, Class C, Category 5, Grade J3. The nominal outer sheath thickness

shall be 1.8 mm. The average thickness of any cross section shall not be less than 90% of

the specified thickness. The minimum spot thickness shall not be less than 80% of the

specified thickness.

24.6.20 Sheath Markings

The outer sheath shall be marked with the following:

The words Oman Wastewater Services Company S.A.O.C Fibre Optic Cable.

The manufacturer name.

The year of manufacture (for example: Year 2007).

The fibre count (for example: 24 F).

Meter marks at a one meter interval with arrowhead indicating upward direction of meter

markings.


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Section 24 Page 19

24.6.21 Cable Performance Requirements

Mechanical Characteristics

Parameter Requirements

Maximum pulling tension (MPT) 3500N for PSA2700N for PSD

Minimum bend radius, no load 10 times the cable outside diameter

Min bend at max pulling tension 15 times the cable outside diameter

Compressive Load 5000N/10 cm for PSA2500N/10 cm for PSD

Impact Load 25 N-m for PSA15 N-m for PSD

Optical Performance for G.652 Single Mode Fibres

Parameter Requirement

Attenuation variation with wavelength (1285-1330 nm)

< 0.1 dB/km

Attenuation at water peak 2.1 dB/km

Attenuation with bending (100 turns on a 75mm dia mandrel)

0.1 dB at 1550 nm

Attenuation coefficient at 1310 nm 0.38 dB/kmAttenuation coefficient at 1550 nm 0.25 dB/km

Optical discontinuities at 1310 and 1550 nm < 0.1 dBChromatic dispersion between 1285 and1330 nm

3.5 ps/nmkm

Chromatic dispersion at 1550 nm 18 ps/nmkmCable cutoff wavelength 1260 nmPMD Coefficient 0.5 ps/km

Optical Performance for w ith 62.5/125 GI Multimode fibres


Attenuation coefficient at 850 nm 3.0 dB/km

Attenuation coefficient at 1300 nm 0.7 dB/kmOptical discontinuities at 1310 and 1550 nm < 0.1 dB

Bandwidth Dist Product at 850 nm 160 MHzkm

Bandwidth Dist Product 1300 nm 500 MHzkmEnvironmental Performance of Cable


Operating Temperature -20 to +70 C

Allowable change in attenuation 0.05 dB/kmInstallation Temperature -20 to +55 C

Storage Temperature -20 to +70 C

24.6.22 HDPE Duct Material

The raw material used for HDPE ducts shall meet the following requirements:

The anti-oxidants used shall be physiologically harmless.

Single pass rework material of the same composition produced from the manufacturers

own production shall be used and it shall not exceed 10% in any case. The raw material used for extrusion shall be dried to bring the moisture content to less

than 0.1%.

Suitable UV stabilizers shall be used for manufacture of the duct to protect against UV

degradation, when stored in open for a minimum period of 8 months.

The raw material used in the manufacture of the duct shall be such that the service life

of the duct and all its accessories can be expected to be more than 50 years including

the life of permanent lubricant.


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Section 24 Page 20

24.6.23 HDPE Standards

HDPE Ducts shall conform to the following standards & Specifications

A. IS: 4984 Specifications for HDPE Pipes

B. IS: 2530 Method for tests for polyethylene moulding materialsand compounds.

C. IS : 9938 Recommended colours for PVC insulation for LF wiresand cables.

D.TEC Specs no. G/CDS-08/01/Dec.99

HDPE Ducts for use as duct for optical fibre cable

E. IS : 7328 HDPE material for moulding and extrusion

F. ASTM D 1693 Test method for environmental stress cracking ofethylene plastics.

G. ASTM D 1505 Test method for density

24.6.24 HDPE Requirements

Visual Inspection: The ducts shall be checked visually for ensuring good workmanship that

the ducts shall be free from blisters, shrink holes, flaking, chips, scratches, roughness,

break and other defects. The ducts shall be smooth, clean, round. The ends shall be cleanly

cut and shall be square with axis of the duct. The ducts shall be of different colours and for

further identification, contrast striping shall be provided. These stripes shall be co-extruded

during the duct manufacturing. The material of the stripes shall be same as that of base

compound for the duct.

Identification Markings: The duct shall be prominently marked with indelible ink, with the

following information at intervals every meter to enable identification of the pipe. The size of

ink markings shall be distinct, clearly and easily visible.

Manufacturers name (Also can be in abbreviated form)

Oman Wastewater Services Company S.A.O.C

Name of the duct with size Specific serial number of the duct

Date of manufacture

Sequential length marking at every meter with Arrow mark in ascending order.

24.6.25 HDPE Duct Accessories

The following Accessories are required for jointing the ducts and shall be supplied along

with the ducts. The manufacturers shall provide complete design details, procedure for

method of installation and type/grade of the material used for the accessories. Some of the

accessories are:

Plastic Coupler: The coupler shall be of Push-fit type having Push-Lock mechanism,

which enables them to be installed on ducts without pre-dismantling. The design of this

shall be simple, easy to install and shall provide air tight and water tight leak proof joint

between the two ducts. It shall withstand the air pressure test of 15 Kg/cm2 for a

minimum period of 2 hours without any leakage.

End Plug: This is for sealing the ends of empty ducts, prior to installation of O.F. cable

and shall be fitted immediately after laying of duct, to prevent the entry of any dirt, water,

moisture, insects/rodents etc into ducts.

Cable Sealing Plug: This is used to seal the ends of ducts perfectly, after the cable is

installed in the duct, to prevent the entry of dirt, water, moisture, insects/rodents etc into

ducts.


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Section 24 Page 21

End Cap: These caps, made of hard rubber/plastics, shall be fitted on each end of duct

coil after manufacturing. These shall avoid ingress of dust, mud, rain water etc. into

ducts, during transit and storage.

24.6.26 Cable Markers

The markers shall be made from Aluminium with width of 100mm, height of 30mm and

thickness of 1mm. The text shall be engraved on the Aluminium marker. The text shall

provide details of the FOC type, the route, manhole number, start and end locations.

24.6.27 Duct or Conduit Seals

The Duct Sealing Kit prevents water and gas from entering a manhole through a cable duct.

24.6.28 Pull Rope

Low friction, polyethylene jacketed polypropylene rope with 1800 psi tensile strength.

24.6.29 Fan-Out Termination for Loose Tube Cables

Individual fibres within the loose tube cable require handling protection inside the

termination cabinets. Fan-out kits shall be installed in the patch panel enclosures to

transition the loose tube fibres to ruggedized tight-buffered fibre pigtail cables. Fan-out

tubes or furcation kits shall not be used. Optical fusion splices shall connect the loose tube

fibres to the tight-buffered pigtail cables. The optical splice loss shall comply with the

specifications for optical splices. Splice protection sleeves shall be employed on all splices

to protect the splices.

24.6.30 Pigtail Cable Specifications

Optical characteristics shall comply with the optical f ibre performance specifications.

Buffer material: Thermoplastic

Buffer O.D.: 900 um

Strength Member: Kevlar

Jacket Material: PVC

Jacket O.D.: 3.0 mm

Temperature Range: -20 to + 70 C

24.6.31 Fibre Optic Termination Patch Panels

The contractor shall supply the required quantities of pig tails, patch cords and patch panels.

The fibre optic cable shall terminate inside a communications cabinet on a termination patch

panel. All single mode fibre sub-cables or cores within the cable shall be terminated with E-

2000 compatible connectors. All Multimode fibre sub-cables or cores within the cable shall

be terminated with ST2 compatible connectors.

The patch panel shall have a fibre capacity equal to the total number of f ibres (connected

and spares) for all cables to be connected. All unused couplings shall have protective dust

covers. All panels shall be furnished with front removable door or cover, Factory-terminated,

tight-buffered, agamid-reinforced fibre optic jumper assemblies or interconnect cables,

standard 3.0 mm O.D., shall connect the optical cable terminations to the patch panel

couplings. The termination patch panel shall be equipped with a suitable means for routingand securing of cables and shall provide a suitable means of protection for the mounted

fibre connectors to prevent damage to fibres and connectors during all regular operation and

maintenance functions. All cables shall be provided with strain relief. Bend diameters on

cable fibres and jumpers must be greater than four (4) inches at all times to ensure optical

and mechanical integrity of the optical fibres.


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Section 24 Page 22

24.6.32 Optical Connectors

All connectors shall be field-installable and perfectly matched to the cable used. The

connectors shall provide tight fitting termination to the cladding and buffer coating. Epoxy

based or hot melt adhesives shall be used to bond the fibre and buffer to the connector

ferrule and body prior to polishing the end face. No dry-termination or quick crimp

connectors are allowed.

Connectors shall have a maximum allowable connection loss of 0.3 dB per mated pair, asmeasured per EA.-455-34. No index-matching gel is to be used, dry interfaces only. Single

mode connectors shall be capable of field installation on 9/125 micron fibres with 900

micron buffers (OD).

Each connector shall be of the industry standard E-2000 or ST2 type compatible, designed

for single mode or multimode tolerances, respectively, and shall meet or exceed the

applicable provisions of EIA.-455-5, 455-2A, and 455-34, and shall be capable of 100

repeated matings with a maximum loss increase of 0.1 dB. Connectors shall incorporate a

key-way design and shall have a zirconia ceramic ferrule. Connector bodies and couplings

shall be made of corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant materials, such as nickel plated

zinc, designed to operate in humid environments without degradation of surface finishes.

24.6.33 ManholesThe manhole shall have the followings:

Minimum size of 600 x 600mm (LxW) and a depth of 600 mm

Ductile iron covers with a galvanised steel frame. The covers will be tested to the

European standard EN124 B125. Security: Special "penta head" bolts shall be fitted.

These can only be opened & locked with a special socket, which is also available.

Duct Entry

Internal Cable furniture

24.6.34 Separation from non-Electrical Installations/Structures

For non-Electrical structures or installation, a minimum separation between FOC and the

structure shall be 300 mm, while running parallel. While crossing the structure, the minimum

separation shall be 200 mm. The structure can be a pipe for gas, oil, water, sewage or other

non- Electrical installation.

24.6.35 Separation from Electrical Installations/Structures

When installing a buried optical fibre cable near existing HV infrastructure, maintain a 3

metre separation between the fibre optic cable and poles, stays and existing HV electrical

cables. Where cable is being installed in the same trench with other electrical cables, the

minimum separation is given as follow:

Minimum separation from electrical cables is 750mm (LV), 1000mm (11kV) and

1500mm (33kV).

Note the requirements for vertical tiles between HV cables and the fibre optic cable.

24.6.36 MarkersCable route markers will be installed at the completion of the cable installation and generally

after the cable trench has been back filled and compacted. To enable the use of machines

to complete this backfilling operation, temporary off set pegs will be placed in the ground

with a recorded measurement to the cable. This measurement will then be used to establish

the cable route marker; 1 metre from the cable after the machines has finished their

activities.


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Section 24 Page 23

The cable markers shall be installed in accordance with the followings:

Along FOC independent route, at every 100m.

At every change in direction.

At both ends of every conduit.

At each joint or/and manhole.

The distance to the cable is to be recorded on each marker, together with the cable depth at

each point. The supply and installation shall include the route markers including plates,posts and all the necessary materials required for installation.

24.6.37 Direct Buried FOC/HDPE Duct

Normal soil trench shall be excavated up to 750mm deep. The trench shall be filled with

clean and soft sand up to 150mm from the bottom of the trench with the surface levelled

(flattened).

The trench shall be backfilled up to 500mm from the bottom of the trench with excavated

material (with no stones larger than 4mmx4mmx4mm size). A mesh filter shall be used to

remove big stones and sharp materials from the excavated material prior to backfilling. The

trench shall be backfilled with remaining excavated material with big and sharp stones

removed up to the normal ground level. The Contractor shall inform OWSC regarding

backfilling schedule to enable quality verification/inspection of cable installation andbackfilling for different layers.

The HDPE duct/conduit shall be of corrugated construction with a plain internal wall of

LDPE (low-density polyethylene) and an external corrugated wall of HDPE (High Density

Polyethylene). External colour shall be blue. Manufacturing shall be according to STD.

EN50086-1 and EN 50086-2-4. Conduit shall withstand 450N with maximum deflection of

5% of internal diameter and 750N with maximum deflection of 15%. Conduit shall withstand

impact test specified in EN 50086-2-4- sect. 10.3. Suitable jointing tubes with indented rings,

which mate with external corrugations, shall be utilised for all joints. Joints shall provide a

watertight seal.

During construction the ends of the conduit shall be closed to prevent foreign objects. Upon

completion the ends shall be sealed to prevent ingress of water and sand using a plug.

Sealing shall be achieved without use of glues, sealing compounds or foams. After its

installation, the conduit shall be cleaned on the inside from any kind of material (earth,

stones, etc.). A puling rope shall be provided in the conduit for future use.

The cable/duct drum shall be installed on the cable carrier (trailer). This cable carrier shall

move along the trench line with the cable being manually spooled off the drum. The drum

shall be turned by hand and the cable laid without any tension, directly into the trench. At no

stage is the cable to be pulled off the drum. The cable/duct shall not be over-stressed during

the unwinding and laying process. In cases where the cable or duct is drawn off the cable

reel a swivel joint and mechanical "fuse" of the correct capacity shall be used to avoid

exceeding the designed maximum pulling force for the cable.

Figure-8s shall be used for backfeed pulling or other situation where removal of the cable

from the drum is needed. The size of the figure-8 should be marked with cones or othersuitable devices. The figure-8 shall be at least 5 meters long with each loop at least 2 meter

minimum diameter.

24.6.38 Maximum Pulling Tension (MPT)

All Fibre Optic cables have a rated maximum. The MPT is clearly shown on cable

specification sheet issued by the Manufacturer. During installation, the tension applied to the

cable MUST be monitored with a calibrated load cell or tensiometer (dynamometer). Once

the cable tension reaches 90% of MPT, the installation must stop to troubleshoot the cause.


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Section 24 Page 25

The area around the manhole shall be compacted. Upon final acceptance of the

conduit/duct system all manholes shall be free of debris and water, and be ready for

cable installation.

24.6.42 Drawings and Documents

The documents are an integral part of the equipment required to maintain and restore a fibre

optic system. The following information shall be included in the documentation package.

24.6.43 Test Results

Hard and electronic copy of test documentation shall be submitted to the Company. The

documentation shall include the trace plot, index, dB/km loss, cable length, date and time of

test, wavelength, pulse width, the test site, cable ID, fiber number and type, and operators

initials. The Contractor shall compare the pre-installation test results to the post-installation

results. If a deviation of greater than one dB occurs, the Company shall be notified in writing

by the Contractor.

24.6.44 Key Map

The key map is a geographical map showing the system route in relation to roads and

highways. Its purpose is to provide quick access to key areas of the system, such as field

splice points and major road crossings. Sheath metre marks should be indicated on the mapfor splice points, road crossings, etc. It shall also provide horizontal and vertical alignment of

FOC.

24.6.45 Circuit Diagram

The circuit diagram is a schematic that identifies the actual f ibre circuits, system number,

working and protected fibres, fibre/buffer colours, priority sequence during restoration and

other pertinent information such as transposed fibres.

24.6.46 Manufacturer provided documentation

The manufacturer provided documentation should include the cable data sheets of each

cable reel, documentation provided on the fibre, results of calculations of the field strength

levels relative to different structure types. The original copy should be maintained and

handed over to the Company representative for record.

24.6.47 As-Built Documentation

The as-built drawings and documents shall identify the actual apparatus units at each

structure and other information such as the structure type and dimensions, cumulative

distance to each termination point from the structure, any grounding or bonding detail, etc.

These drawings and documents are typically the construction detail sheets that have been

corrected to reflect any changes during construction. As built drawing shall record all

deviations, deletions and additions with respect to the original scope.

24.7 SCADA System Tests

The contractor shall develop a test schedule for the SCADA system. The test schedule

shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

SCADA system tests shall place particular emphasis on tests that demonstrate compliance

in the following areas:

I/O database

Mimic displays

Operator controls

Manual operations

Alarm generation


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Section 24 Page 26

Interlocks

Data entry (alarm and control set points)

Control simulation

PLC to SCADA communications

External interfaces

Memory backup

Archiving & retrieval of data Mains failure and recovery facilities

Event and alarm log/summary

Report generation

System performance

Automatic house keeping and file management

Disaster recovery

Unless otherwise stated, tests shall be demonstrated to the Engineer during both the FAT

and SAT.

In the event that the Engineer has stated that the testing shall not be witnessed, the

Contractor shall perform the testing without the Engineer present and upon completion,

submit the test results to the Engineer.

24.8 SCADA System Colour Coding

Color coding shall be in as provided below and where not stipulated in accordance with BS

EN 60073:2000:

Status of Operation Color Code

Equipment running and normal Green

Equipment stopped and normal White/Grey

Equipment tripped Yellow

Equipment selected on Auto Blue

Equipment or process unsafe / danger in operation Red

Panel Energized /isolator or ACB ON White

Process Flow ON (e.g. Valves open) Green

Process flow Stopped OFF (e.g. Valves closed) White


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Section 24 Page 1

Appendix A

SCADA PerformanceRequirements


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A1 APPENDIX 1

Description Response in

SecondsChange in status of a plant item (Digital) and display on SCADA 5

Change in status of a plant item (Analogue) and display on SCADA 5

Annunciation of an alarm from alarm condition occurring at plant 5

Display of a real time trend (including the data) with 24-hour axis. 5

Display of an historic trend (including data) with 4 traces and 24 hour axis 5

Display of the alarm summary page with a screen of alarms. 3

Time to silence the audible alarm after acknowledgement of the alarm. 0.5

Time for mimic to update after the execution of a control output on SCADA 4

Time for a new mimic to be displayed after a request to chain or load a new

mimic (including new data)

3