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Vocabulary Check 1. The ______Powers included Germany 2. _______ was the U. S. President who promised to keep America out of the war. 3. The Selective Service Act required all men between the ages of ___ and ___ to register for the draft. 4. Soldiers in WWI spread this flu around the world. 5. These three “isms” led to WWI.
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Section 1- - America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
Section 2- - The Roaring Twenties and The Roaring Twenties and a New a New AmericaAmerica
Section 3-- Georgia’s Economy and Georgia’s Economy and the the Great DepressionGreat Depression
World War I and the 1920s1914–1930
16 & 16 & 1717
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
Vocabulary CheckVocabulary Check1.1. The ______Powers included GermanyThe ______Powers included Germany2.2. _______ was the U. S. President who _______ was the U. S. President who
promised to keep America out of the promised to keep America out of the war.war.
3.3. The Selective Service Act required The Selective Service Act required all men between the ages of ___ and all men between the ages of ___ and ___ to register for the draft.___ to register for the draft.
4.4. Soldiers in WWI spread this flu Soldiers in WWI spread this flu around the world.around the world.
5.5. These three “isms” led to WWI.These three “isms” led to WWI.
Vocabulary for the Vocabulary for the SectionSection
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
The War BeginsThe War Begins World War I begins as conflict between
Austria- Hungary and Serbia - Serbian man kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand June 28, 1914
Imperialism, nationalism, militarism main systems of belief that lead to war
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
Imperialism* European competition for colonies, resources in Africa and Asia • Germany has fewer colonies than Britain, France; wants more
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
Nationalism* Nationalism—pride, loyalty to country— strong among Europeans• Nationalism fuels tensions, especially between ethnic groups
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
Militarism* Europeans believe large armies, navies necessary for defense• War grows to involve 32 nations; many join due to previous alliances
• Allied Powers- 28 countries, eventually includes U.S.• Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto War
America’s Position U.S. not interested in joining war when it starts President Woodrow Wilson promises to keep the U.S. out of the war. U.S eventually enters war over German naval actions (German U-Boats sink American
vessels who they say are shipping arms to Allied
forces)
America and Georgia Go America and Georgia Go to Warto WarWar in Europe
• Selective Service Act requires all men 21–31 to register for draft.
• Over 100,000 Georgians serve in war; state is major training center
• U.S. helps Allies take back German-occupied territory, summer 1918
The War Ends• Allied and Central Powers sign armistice,
November 11, 1918 More than 100,000 Americans dead; 15
million dead worldwide
Impact of World War I on the South
Georgians Cope with War• Wartime demand for Georgia’s goods,
resources improves economy
• Cotton prices rise, many pay off debts for first time in years
• War also causes problems—shortage of some goods, like gasoline
Impact of World War I on the South
Women Contribute to the War Effort• Women provide food to soldiers at training
camps, train stations• Make clothes for soldiers overseas, join
groups helping war effort
• American women help in Europe; become nurses, drive ambulances
Spanish Influenza Epidemic
Disease Spreads Worldwide• Soldiers spread Spanish Influenza
epidemic worldwide in 1918
• GA soon has over 2,000 cases; close public facilities to prevent spreading
• Flu kills 675,000 Americans; 25 million worldwide by end of year
QuizQuiz
1.1. World War I began as a conflict World War I began as a conflict between these two countries.between these two countries.
2.2. These three systems of belief led to These three systems of belief led to WWI.WWI.
3.3. This belief is defined as competition This belief is defined as competition for colonies.for colonies.
4.4. This belief is defined as a strong pride This belief is defined as a strong pride or loyalty to ones country.or loyalty to ones country.
5.5. What were the two major conflicting What were the two major conflicting powers in WWI?powers in WWI?
QuizQuiz6.6. Which side did the United States eventually Which side did the United States eventually
join?join?7.7. Who was the President of the United States Who was the President of the United States
at the start of WWI?at the start of WWI?8.8. What country’s U-Boats were sinking What country’s U-Boats were sinking
American vessels expediting their entrance American vessels expediting their entrance into the war.into the war.
9.9. What Act required all men between the ages What Act required all men between the ages of 21-31 to register for the draft?of 21-31 to register for the draft?
10.10. What did the people in Georgia do to public What did the people in Georgia do to public facilities to combat the spread of the Spanish facilities to combat the spread of the Spanish Influenza?Influenza?
The Roaring Twenties and a The Roaring Twenties and a New New
America America
1717
The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties After the WWI’s end and the return of the After the WWI’s end and the return of the
troops, America entered a feel-good troops, America entered a feel-good period.period.
U.S. economy strong 1919–1929; industrial production doubles.
1920s is a decade of prosperity; people have more money to spend
The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties Many think prosperity of 1920s will not end;
begin buying on credit.
1920 census reveals for the first time that most Americans live in cities.
Georgia towns, cities campaign to attract more people, businesses
The South, however, is undergoing a drought and farmers go back to primarily growing cotton
because it is disease resistant
The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties Most farmers are still sharecroppers.Most farmers are still sharecroppers. Boll weevil beetle strikes Georgia cotton
crop, ( 1918–1923 )
Cotton crop is almost totally ruined and many farmers are forced to move to the towns
1920s prosperity passes them by; many lack running water, utilities.
The Depression hits the rural South 10 yrs before
the cities or the North will feel it.
The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties
Georgia’s Economy and the Georgia’s Economy and the Great Great
DepressionDepression
Georgia’s Economy and the Georgia’s Economy and the Great Depression Great Depression
5 most important things in your 5 most important things in your life exerciselife exercise
1.1. ??2.2. ??3.3. ??4.4. ??5.5. ??
Georgia’s Economy and the Georgia’s Economy and the
Great DepressionGreat DepressionGood Times TendenciesGood Times Tendencies Businesses doing wellBusinesses doing well People making good People making good
moneymoney Buy large amounts on Buy large amounts on
creditcredit Believe that times Believe that times
will continuewill continue Easy to pay backEasy to pay back Very riskyVery risky
How Businesses How Businesses WorkWork
•Need investment Need investment capitalcapital•3 sources: banks 3 sources: banks loans, loans, stock offering or stock offering or salessales•Constant bank Constant bank loans/repayment loans/repayment keep them afloatkeep them afloat•Stock offerings split Stock offerings split company into very company into very tiny purchased partstiny purchased parts
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression (Stock
Market)How to make $$How to make $$ Buy 1000 shares of Buy 1000 shares of
Wal-Mart at $10 per Wal-Mart at $10 per shareshare
Total Total expenditure=$10,000expenditure=$10,000
If Price goes up to $30 If Price goes up to $30 a share I made a profit a share I made a profit of $20 per shareof $20 per share
Total profit made Total profit made =$20,000=$20,000
How to lose $$How to lose $$ Buy 1000 shares of Buy 1000 shares of
Wal-Mart at $10 Wal-Mart at $10 per shareper share
Total expenditure = Total expenditure = $10,000$10,000
If price goes down If price goes down to $1.00 per share I to $1.00 per share I lost $9.00 per sharelost $9.00 per share
Total lost = $9,000Total lost = $9,000
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
Black Tuesday President Herbert Hoover opposes government
interference in business (Term?) More people invest in stock market in 1920s than
ever before and use credit (buy now…pay later) Market crashes on October 29, 1929— Black
Tuesday-Many people had used creditcredit to buy stock and when the price dropped suddenly they couldn’t pay back . Banks failed, all goods bought on credit unpaid and taken back
Crash is start of Great Depression - long period of economic problems (1929-1941… WWII)
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
Banks Thousands of banks close doors, lack
cash to pay customers Many banks invest in companies that go
broke at Depression’s start No banksNo banks no investment loan no investment loan
money for new businessesmoney for new businesses no no businessesbusinesses no jobs no jobs no money put no money put in banks (cycle repeats)in banks (cycle repeats)
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
Depression wipes out Georgia’s industrial gains of 1920s with many losing jobs
At Depression’s height, 25% of working-age Americans unemployed. Many took pay cuts as high as 50% to keep their jobs.
People rely on churches, community organizations for food
Many live in “Hoovervilles,” communities of makeshift shacks (start of homelessness in
America)
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
HoovervillesHoovervilles
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
The 1932 Presidential Election: “Try Something”
Hoover’s response to crisis is slow; people want action Franklin D. Roosevelt runs against Hoover in
1932, vows change Roosevelt elected; creates Brain Trust before
inauguration-Brain Trust —group of experts with plans to fight Depression
The Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression
Practice QuizPractice Quiz1.1. October 29, 1929 was known as _______________.October 29, 1929 was known as _______________.2.2. The President at the start of the Great Depression The President at the start of the Great Depression
was?was?3.3. (T or F) The Great Depression started during the 1930 (T or F) The Great Depression started during the 1930
for southern farmers.for southern farmers.4.4. (T or F) Credit debt played no part in the Great (T or F) Credit debt played no part in the Great
Depression.Depression.5.5. This insect is responsible for devastation of the cotton This insect is responsible for devastation of the cotton
crops starting in the 1920.crops starting in the 1920.6.6. At the height of the Depression ______% of working-age At the height of the Depression ______% of working-age
Americans were unemployed.Americans were unemployed.7.7. Many people were forced to take as much as a ____% Many people were forced to take as much as a ____%
drop in pay to keep their jobs during the Depression.drop in pay to keep their jobs during the Depression.8.8. Communities of homes made out of cardboard, scraps, Communities of homes made out of cardboard, scraps,
etc. were known as ____________.etc. were known as ____________.9.9. President Hoover lost the election to ___________, who President Hoover lost the election to ___________, who
promised to do something about the economy.promised to do something about the economy.10.10. The new President assembled a group of experts to The new President assembled a group of experts to
help with the Depression known as the _______.help with the Depression known as the _______.
The New Deal The Hundred Days Roosevelt takes office sets New Deal in motion New Deal —government programs designed to
fight the Depression Hundred Days are session of Congress beginning
March 9, 1933 During Hundred Days, Roosevelt proposes new federal agencies
- legislation based on “three Rs”—relief, recovery,
reform New Deal tries to attack all aspects of Depression,
rebuild economy
The New Deal
The New DealResistance to Job Programs Eugene Talmadge elected Georgia governor, (1932); opposes New Deal programs thinking they
will hurt farming. (The Govt. amends program for this)
Talmadge appeals to small farmers, is reelected (1934)
Third (1940) term is rocked by scandal involving his attempt to keep integration out of the University of Georgia which resulted in their loss of accreditation.
Talmadge was politically hurt but won reelection several years later but died before taking office. His son Herman takes his place. (1946)
The New Deal
The New DealAgricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) New Deal programs are national; affect Georgia
along with U.S. AAA pays farmers to reduce crop, herd sizes; reducing supplies Many tenant farmers and sharecroppers no
longer needed Program hurts African Americans, poor whites;
landowners benefit
The New DealCivilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Over 100 CCC camps in Georgia, 15 for African
Americans - create environmental projects, buildings in
national, state parksRural Electrification Administration (REA) Wires rural areas for electricity, supplies
nearly 300,000 families
The New DealSocial Security ActSocial Security Act The Social Security Act is passed to The Social Security Act is passed to
protect people from lost wages.protect people from lost wages. It had two programs within it:It had two programs within it:
-A program for retirement-A program for retirement-A program of insurance for the -A program of insurance for the unemployed and the disabled (SSI)unemployed and the disabled (SSI)
The New Deal Many of the programs started during this Many of the programs started during this
time are still in use today.time are still in use today. Despite all the relief that these programs Despite all the relief that these programs
provided to the people of America, they provided to the people of America, they did not end the Great Depression.did not end the Great Depression.
The economy would not be fully The economy would not be fully recovered until the need for industry was recovered until the need for industry was paramount with the United States paramount with the United States involvement in involvement in WWIIWWII..
QuizQuiz
