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Section1.3_Measurement_Conversions_Temperature.notebook
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October 21, 2013
Section 1.3: Measurement Conversions
Section1.3_Measurement_Conversions_Temperature.notebook
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In this unit, we will work with capacity, mass and temperature.
Mass: How much matter is in an object.
Capacity: How much a container can hold.
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The earliest measures of weights were based on the objects being weighed, for example seed and beans.
Capacity was measured by commonjars and barrels.
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Ancient measures of length were based the human body, for example the length of a foot, the length of a stride, and the breadth of a thumb.
Ancient people were physically aware of hot and cold and probably related temperature by the size of the fire needed, and how close to sit, to keep warm.
Why would these methods of measuring cause a problem?
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Système International (SI) or Metric System
- a system of measurement in which units are based on powers of 10
Imperial System
- the system of measurement based on British units, such as pounds, feet, gallons, Fahrenheit, etc.
- measurements are based on nature and everyday activities. For example, an inch was first defined as the width of a man‛s thumb and then later it was defined as the length of 3 grains of barley placed end to end.
Two Systems of Measurement:
By the eighteenth century, different units of measurement were being used throughout the world. To promote a more common standard, the metric system was created.
Standard units in Metric System
Length - meter
Mass - gram
Capacity - liter
- measurements are derived from scientific principles
- one metre was originally defined as 1/10 000 000 of the distance between the North Pole and Earth‛s equator as measured along the meridian passing through Paris.
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In 1824, the English measurement system underwent a review process. The types and sizes of the units were modified and renamed from the English units of measurement to the imperial system of measurement.
This new standard was then introduced throughout the UK and its colonies. Since the US was no longer a British colony, they did not adopt these new standards.
The United States is one of only a few countries who do not use the metric system as its official system of measurements.
Rather, it uses its own system called the U.S. Customary System. This system is a derivative of the imperial system, which was used by Britain until the 20th century.
While many of the imperial and US measurements are the same (e.g.,yards, pounds, and miles), there are differences (e.g. measurements for volume: fluid ounces, gallons, tons, etc.)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQPQ_q59xyw&feature=player_detailpage
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In Canada,
A) Where is the SI system used?
- Speed limits
- Science laboratories
- Olympics and other sporting events
B) Where is the imperial system used?
- Construction
- Sports such as football and golf
C) Where are both measures used?
- Grocery Store
- Hardware Stores (Wrenches)
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Temperature Conversion
> Celsius - commonly used in Canada
– a scale for measuring temperature in which the freezing point of water is 0 °C and the boiling point is 100 °C
> Fahrenheit - commonly used in the United States
– a scale for measuring temperature in which the freezing point of water is 32 °F and the boiling point is 212 °F
When a Canadian might use Fahrenheit?
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Here are some temperature equivalents:
Fahrenheit and Celsius Equivalencies
Example
Extremely cold day -40 -40
Bitterly cold day -22 -30
Freezing Point of Water 32 0
Mild day 59 15
Hot day 81 27 Normal Body Temperature 98.6 37
Boiling Point of Water 212 100
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To convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius use the following formulae.
C to F F to C
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Example: Convert the following.
A)24 0C to _______0F
B) 50 0F to __________0C
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e) 20 0C to _______0F
f) 50 0F to __________0C
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E) 227 0C to _______0F
F) 42 0F to __________0C
