Secondary Sources Works Cited

Nonperiodicals

Blassingame, Wyatt. Eleanor Roosevelt. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1967. Print.

Blassingame's source was another book we used to gather the basics about Eleanor. With

the information gathered from this source, we gained a deeper foundation of Eleanor's

beliefs and achievements. This source also contained many embedded quotes which we

were able to retrace and include in our website, further developing Eleanor's appearance

and reality of leadership. 

Cook, Blanche Wiesen. Eleanor Roosevelt. New York: Viking, 1999. Print. Vol. 2 of Eleanor

Roosevelt: Volume Two 1933-1938. This source highlighted Eleanor's life from 1933 to

1938 during the years of the Great Depression, the New Deal, and the development of

WWII for us to have a deeper understanding of the ER's philosophies of that era. We

accumulated information about Eleanor's personality such as how she was not afraid to

state her beliefs on controversial topics even if it countered FDR's policies. She actively

stood up for and fought for women's rights and African American rights. 

Doak, Robin S. Eleanor Roosevelt. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2013. Print. This biography of

Eleanor Roosevelt briefed us about her key achievements as a First Lady as well as after

being widowed to allow us to pinpoint events which she had critically impacted. From

this source we held a better grasp of her many accolades and viewed her influence over

her political partner and husband, President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This introduced us to

her leadership roles during her first lady years into her roles as an international leader

after FDR's passing.

Freedman, Russell. Eleanor Roosevelt: A Life of Discovery. New York: Clarion, 1993. Print.

This source detailed in about Eleanor's lifetime accomplishments as she develops into a

social and political world leader. Shedding further insight onto Eleanor's role as a first

lady, this book allowed us to view how ER changed the role of the First Lady as the first

to have a public life and career. We also see how ER develops to become more and more

involved in the fight for basic human rights for all groups of people. 

Gerber, Robin. Leadership the Eleanor Roosevelt Way. New York: Penguin, 2002. Print.

Acclaimed historian, Robin Gerber, gives insight into Eleanor's relationships and her

leadership roles in America. Gerber's use of primary source quotes and photographs were

very helpful and illustrated Eleanor's journey to the White House very clearly. This

source conveyed ER's journey into becoming a respected leader and developing her

lasting legacy in the promotion of equality and rights. 

Hickok, Lorena A. Eleanor Roosevelt: Reluctant First Lady. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1962.

Print.  This secondary source displays Eleanor's early public life and her reluctance to

become a first lady because she wanted to actively participate in solving the nation's

problems and believed that she would be restrained as a First Lady. Instead of falling into

the common role of the White House hostess, Eleanor worked to set the precedent of

having a public life and career. She used her leadership role as a First Lady to actively

assist American citizens.

Hoff-Wilson, Joan, and Marjorie Lightman. Without Precedent: The Life and Career of Eleanor

Roosevelt. N.p.: Indiana University, 1984. Print. As our website is centered around the

life and times of Eleanor Roosevelt, we found it helpful that this source described both

the era of the Roosevelts as well as Eleanor's life specifically. This book illuminated

Eleanor's evolving roles as a leader who was passionate in working for the betterment of

the common people. Detailed about the Great Depression and World War 2, we gathered

more about Eleanor's roles in each period of time from this source.

Lash, Joseph. Life Was Meant to Be Lived: A Centenary Portrait of Eleanor Roosevelt. New

York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1984. Print. Although the source didn't have a lot of

information on Eleanor from the start, it did reflect on her achievements throughout the

years on the mark of her 100th birthday. This source gave us the basis to delve further

into Eleanor's successes. This allowed us to delve deeper into Eleanor's various

accomplishments and her legacy.

Lash, Joseph P. Eleanor: The Years Alone. New York: Norton, 1972. Print. This source gave a

new perspective about Eleanor Roosevelt as it focused on her life after FDR's death.

Without the restraints of being a First Lady and a supporter of her husband, ER is seen

expanding her horizons in fighting for human rights. This book gave us further

knowledge about Eleanor's political and social activities as a widow and the legacy it left

for Americans and the world.

Levy, William Turner, and Cynthia Eagle Russett. The Extraordinary Mrs. R. New York: John

Wiley and Sons, 1999. Print. Although this source was more informal than the others, it

was still chock full of knowledge on Eleanor's relationships with her husband, activists

and American citizens. This source depicted how Eleanor was more than just another

First Lady and that she connected with people in a new and memorable way. From this

source we retained information about influential people within Eleanor's life as well as

those that she influenced and affected.

Marsico, Katie. Eleanor Roosevelt. Edina: ABDO Pub., 2008. Print.  This source conveys the

many aspects of Eleanor Roosevelt's life and gives us a better concept about her roles

while serving as the First Lady. Her ideas were valued by President FDR because she

interacted with a variety of people to have multiple viewpoints about key issues. Eleanor

refused to be just another pretty hostess and First Lady as she took control of her own life

to became a leader who fought for the people's rights.

McAuley, Karen. Eleanor Roosevelt. New York: Chelsea, 1987. Print. This source was a very

good starting point because McAuley had very simple yet understandable background

knowledge on Eleanor Roosevelt. Beginning with her childhood, the book takes the

reader through all of Eleanor's struggles and transformations. The information from this

source was very helpful in highlighting the high and low points of Eleanor's early life and

her evolution into a strong, passionate leader. 

Parks, Lillian Rogers, and Frances Spatz Leighton. The Roosevelts: A Family in Turmoil.

Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1981. Print. This source was very helpful as it showed

the negative side to the Roosevelts' lives. With details on FDR's affair, Eleanor's

turbulent childhood and depression, it provided good material to draw from for a rebuttal

in how Eleanor overcame the obstacles within her life to develop into a confident female

leader. Through the portrayal of the blockades Eleanor faced we retained a heightened

awareness of Eleanor's strength which was critical in her being a reliable public figure.

Roosevelt, David B. Grandmère: A Personal History of Eleanor Roosevelt. New York: Warner,

2002. Print. Written by Eleanor Roosevelt's grandson, David B. Roosevelt, this source

includes a more personal recount about ER's life. This book gave us a better grasp of

understanding Eleanor's activism and her passion for promoting basic human freedoms.

This was a valuable source as it held information, quotes, and details that only those close

to Eleanor knew.

Roosevelt, Elliot. Eleanor Roosevelt, with Love: A Centenary Remembrance. New York: E. P.

Dutton, 1984. Print. Written by Eleanor's son, this resource contained various primary

and secondary information that we gathered, including wonderful diary pages,

photographs, and memories of Eleanor Roosevelt. We were able to see the effect her life

had on Elliot Roosevelt's and the world as well. This source gave us insight on the lasting

legacy Eleanor left to all the people that she touched.

Roosevelt, Elliott, and James Brough. An Untold Story: The Roosevelts of Hyde Park. New

York: Putnam Sons, 1973. Print. Written by Eleanor Roosevelt's son, Elliot Roosevelt,

this source was a more personal narrative of the relationship between Eleanor and FDR.

This source gave us a new layer of understanding about the dynamic partnership the

married couple held in the world of politics under the public view. We used this book to

gain deeper insight about obstacles Eleanor faced as a first lady and how she would

overcome these difficulties to evolve into an even stronger leader after being widowed. 

 

Audiovisual

Voice of Allida Black: "She believed in democracy and the promise of America..." C-Span.

National Cable Satellite, 5 Feb. 2015. Web. 9 Apr. 2015. This particular secondary

source is an interview of Allida Black as she discusses the political views of Eleanor

Roosevelt. Yet aside from being a Democrat, Eleanor is described as being a courageous

woman who fought for her country and her husband regardless of what other people

thought of her. Through this, Black describes Eleanor as a persevering figure in order to

maintain her influence as a leader.

 

Web sites, e-sources

Brandeis WGS. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015. This source gave us insight on ER's passion for

education shown by her long-standing relationship with Brandeis University. Her passion

for education displayed her willingness to impart her knowledge and experience onto the

younger generation. Serving various roles in the university this website allowed us to

take note of how ER was actively involved in the lives of students.

Edberg, Henrik. "Eleanor Roosevelt’s Top 7 Fundamentals for Making Life an Exciting and

Wonderful Adventure." Positivity Blog. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015. The source gave

seven examples on how Eleanor discussed the key to happiness in life. The given quotes

and analyzations made by the author really gave our group the sense of positivity Eleanor

had as the First Lady and how much of an impact she made on the people she spoke to.

Furthermore, our group used quotes made by Eleanor that were in the blog to further

support the fact that she was a leader.

The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015. This site provided various

multimedia sources of Eleanor's writings and speeches. Having access to excerpts of her

published books, My Day newspaper columns, If You Ask Me columns,

correspondences, personal papers, articles, and radio broadcasts helped reveal another

layer to the complex philosophies of Eleanor Roosevelt. This source let us be able to

delve deeper into understanding ER's thoughts on controversial issues about human

rights. 

"Eleanor Roosevelt Timeline." The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. George Washington

University, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015. This particular source gave a list of six timelines

during Eleanor Roosevelt's life from 1884 to 1962. The detailed timeline gave us a

general idea of the things Eleanor did before, during, and after FDR's presidency in both

social and political aspects. As a result, we were able to reference back to the timeline in

order to organize a few events in our timeline on the website, as well as gather some

insight regarding these specific events.

Eleanor Roosevelt: World's Most Admired Women. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015. Giving details

about ER's involvement as a teacher and mentor at Todhunter School, this source allows

us to recognize how ER used her teaching role to educate the privileged about the

underprivileged. From this source we gathered how Eleanor held a leadership role as a

mentor and imparted her legacy onto her students through increasing their awareness of

current events. Her support for education is apparent as she taught about issues of the

time to her female students. 

"First Lady Biography: Eleanor Roosevelt." National First Ladies' Library. National First

Ladies' Library, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015. This particular source was a very detailed

biography of Eleanor Roosevelt. The website contained information regarding Eleanor

based on her political views and family life. The source was very useful in that it gave

our group insight on the role Eleanor played in many events such as World War I, World

War II, and the Great Depression. Also, it gave our group a basic understanding on what

aspects of her actions made her a leader in relation to this year's theme as well as one

who leaves a legacy.

"From Eleanor Roosevelt to Michelle Obama, How First Ladies Can Be Assets to the

Presidency." Interview by Bryce Covert. Roosevelt Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2015.

This source was about the role of the First Lady in current times as compared to the role

of the First Lady in the 1930s. This source revealed that modern First Ladies have taken

inspiration from Eleanor Roosevelt as they take a more active and involved roles in

humanitarian and political work. This source helped us expand our knowledge and

understanding on Eleanor Roosevelt by determining her legacy as a woman in

government. 

Gibson, Nina, et al. "Eleanor Roosevelt." Interview by David McCullough and Narrator. PBS.

WGBH Educational Foundation, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015. This source allowed us to access

comments Eleanor's friends and family made about her. The responses during the

interview unveiled a deeper understanding of Eleanor as a person which advanced our

perception of her as a leader. This source gave us insight about ER's character and

personality as well as let us view the various perspectives her loved ones had of her. 

Graham, Hugh Davis. "The Paradox of Eleanor Roosevelt: Alcoholism’s Child." VQR: A

National Journal of Literature and Discussion. Virginia Quarterly Review, 12 Dec. 2003.

Web. 6 Apr. 2015. This source gave an extremely in-depth analysis on the people who

influenced Eleanor towards her pathway as the First Lady. It discussed the alcoholism in

her familial environment that shaped her as a person and as a leader. It ultimately

identified her as someone who fought for her goals through the relationships she shared

with her family members. The article gave our group a tremendous amount of insight on

Eleanor based on her childhood and allowed us to connect past events with her role

during FDR's presidency.

Grossman, Jonathan. "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938: Maximum Struggle for a Minimum

Wage." US Department of Labor. US Department of Labor, June 1978. Web. 2 Feb.

2015. This particular source also served to describe the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

and its potential influence on American industry. Eleanor Roosevelt had played a role in

enacting this act alongside President FDR during the final years of the Great Depression.

This gave us insight on Eleanor's leading role in combating the depression and improving

working standards.

Klemesrud, Judy. "Assessing Eleanor Roosevelt as a Feminist." The New York Times. New York

Times Company, 5 Nov. 1984. Web. 7 Apr. 2015. This particular source helped in giving

our group different perspectives on the feministic aspects of Eleanor Roosevelt. There

were at least ten different people who discussed the controversiality of Eleanor's

background as a feminist in the news article. These ten people were either feminists still

alive during that time or even friends of Eleanor who were there to support the fact that

Eleanor was a true feminist. Consequently, the variety of people who either agreed or

disagreed with Eleanor being a feminist really benefitted our research in terms of

exploring a diverse set of perspectives.

"Marie Souvestre (1830-1905)." The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. George Washington

University, n.d. Web. 6 Apr. 2015. Although the source is a biography of Marie

Souvestre, it outlines one of the most influential figures who impacted Eleanor's life.

After both her parents' deaths, Eleanor joined Marie Souvestre and attended Allenswood

Academy to fulfill her education. Through her experiences at the Academy, Eleanor was

shown to have gained confidence and independence. The source, thus, gave our group a

basic understanding of Eleanor's upbringing as an orphan and her life under the care of an

early feminist (Marie Souvestre).

National Labor Relations Board. "National Labor Relations Act." National Labor Relations

Board. National Labor Relations Board, n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2015. This source was useful in

that it provided some background information on the National Labor Relations Act, in

which Eleanor Roosevelt helped to enact. This conveyed to us how Eleanor took an

active role in improving how things were run during that time in order to ensure that

Americans were granted their basic rights. The act played a crucial role in showing how

much effort Eleanor was putting into improving the lives of the unemployed.

"What New Deal Policies did Eleanor Roosevelt Influence?" The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers

Project. George Washington University, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015. This source gave us

further insight about specific New Deal Policies which were influenced by Eleanor

Roosevelt. She used these policies to better the living conditions of the American people

during that time period. This let us delve deeper into how Eleanor as a national leader

used her authority to lessen the oppression people faced during the times of the

Depression.