Seattle Literary Magazines in Print and on the Web

This past summer I attended

a reading in Seattle of two

writers I know from publishing

in online journals, Kathy

Fish and Claudia Smith. I had first heard

of Claudia Smith when we both appeared

in an issue of The Mississippi Review online a

couple of years ago. I first started publishing

online in the late 1990s. The world of small-

press, Web-friendly writers was very small at

that point, although around this time, many

magazines began to communicate primarily

with contributors using e-mail. Although

online literary magazines have always been

more accessible than print ones, it wasn’t

until after 2001 that the quantity and quality

began to dwarf print magazines. For the

longest time, though, writers regarded

the world of print magazines as somehow

more real (more legit) than Web journals. A

volume arrives in the mailbox smelling of

ink and paper. The volume has heft.

Before I published any stories at all,

I volunteered to work on a magazine in

Seattle in the early 1990s that was published

by an erratic woman in Fremont, a semi-

bohemian neighborhood then known best

for a Soviet-era missile attached to a thrift

shop and a biker bar named the Buckaroo.

Although I read submissions, the majority of

the magazine was made from the writing of

the woman’s friends in Seattle. In addition to

sending work to each other’s journals, many

of these writers published their own work.

Not only did they occasionally appear bound

together, but because of their closeness, they

were working together.

The pile of submissions to her journal

smelled. One story had been submitted by

a pipe smoker in Bellingham. The fragrant

sheets had been typed on a typewriter

rather than printed. The type hammers left

impressions on the paper. Every story and

poem that was accepted for publication had

Social Network of Seattle Literary Magazines (Print and Web)

to be retyped into MS Word 4.0, printed,

edited on paper, and corrected. The editor

took the novel step of having the entire

book digitally typeset (that was the phrase

used) in a page composition program. We

took the laser printed sheet to a copy mart.

The cost of production seemed excessive to

me. We spent a long afternoon eating pizza

and folding and binding the journals. After

it was finished, we drove around Seattle to

bookstores and newsagents and gave them

five or ten copies on commissions. A week

later, we drove around Seattle again to staple

posters on telephone poles and community

bulletin boards. All of this physical

activity culminated in readings where the

contributors congregated in a room to listen

to each other read their submissions and

then afterward eat, gossip, and kibitz about

grants and writing workshops.

Literary magazines could be found,

as they are still found at independent

bookstores and local newsagents. But these

were the only locations. Yahoo! much

less Google did not exist. At this time, a

journal seemed an intensely physical object,

even though the act of writing itself was

something that happened out of sight. A

magazine was a result of physical closeness.

Even though these magazines included

contributions from elsewhere, the limits

of community in the 1990s dictated a

preference for physical nearness. Most of the

magazines in Seattle in the 1990s did include

a much larger number, it seemed to me, of

contributors who claimed Seattle, Tacoma,

or Portland as their home than they did

Boston, Scranton, or Charleston.

In the late 1990s, though, Frederick

Barthleme, the long time editor of The

Mississippi Review, was interviewed in the

Atlantic Unbound about his experiments

with his magazine.

Barthleme said: “My sense is that the Web

is a gun. It’s all potential, what we do with it;

it’s a device, a system, a ‘site’ in the linguistic

sense, a prospect. How we use it over the

next decade or two will define it.”

—www.theatlantic.com/unbound/digicult/dc9702/barthelm.htm

Before the first dot-com bubble, the Web

was wild. The now codified genres of Web

forum, blog, Social Media Site, Newspaper

Web Site, and so on did not yet exist. Just

about every single site offered its own

user interface using various permutations

of simple hypertext markup, graphics

carefully optimized to load quickly over

dial-up modems, and sometimes interactive

JavaScript elements. The Mississippi Review

was one of the first, if not the first, old-

style literary magazine to begin publishing

original content online. By 1997 when

Barthleme called the Web a gun, he

regarded the review’s Web site as the center

of his publication effort. The print magazine

was a product of the vitality of the online

work. Most magazines, however, used the

Web as a kind of online flyer for the print

magazine.

In the ten years since, however, it has

become unusual for newly launched literary

magazines to have any kind of print vehicle.

A generation of writers has started to write,

publish, and even find a modest audience

online. Claudia Smith, for instance,

although she attended graduate school in

the early 1990s, began to think about online

publishing by participating in the story

sharing Web forum at Zoetrope, and then

began to participate in a rich economy of

densely-linked Web sites and lit mags such as

Hobart, Pindeldyboz, Eyeshot, Opium, Failbetter,

and the SmokeLong Quarterly.

I met Dave Clapper, the publisher of

SmokeLong Quarterly at a reading in Seattle.

I mentioned that it was good to meet

the editor of a Seattle magazine. Dave

by Matt Briggs (orginally appeared in Proximity #3)

seemed amused at this characterization of

his magazine. He said that SmokeLong was

only on the Web. Seattle is just one point

among many. It was hardly the point that

determined the identity of the magazine. He

noted that SmokeLong included contributors

from all over the world and readers from all

over the world. He pointed out, for example,

that some students in Argentina had written

responses to a story by Claudia Smith.

SmokeLong, he said, is not a Seattle magazine.

I realized in talking to him that, well,

it was a Seattle magazine in some ways

because here we were in Seattle talking

about his magazine. But the Paris Review

could be a Seattle magazine by the same

measure. The physicality of literary

magazines which was something that was

a given in 1997 when the Atlantic published

Barthleme’s observations about the potential

of the Web had become just one aspect in a

far richer economy of literary transactions.

What was often physical proximity has

given way to other modes of connection.

I wondered then, what the relationship

between some clearly Seattle magazines and

the Web looked like?

I decided to map the social network of

four Seattle magazines over a three-year

period. Unlike SmokeLong, I wanted to pick

magazines whose editors clearly identified

the magazine as belonging in the context

of Seattle or the Pacific Northwest, even

if they included contributors from all over

the world. I picked the Raven Chronicles,

Pontoon/Poetry on Wheels, and The Crab Creek

Review. All four magazines stuck to a more

or less regular publication cycle and I could

easily discover information about their print

contributors from their Web sites. I realized,

too, that these magazines all predated the

wide adoption of the Internet.

My assumption in gathering this

information was that each print magazine

formed a kind of temporary community or

social network. My study would have three

parts. First, I would map the relationships of

individual contributors to the four magazines

over a three-year period. Second, I would

collect Web forum and blog posts regarding

the magazines over a six-month period, map

the domains where relevant posts occurred,

and then expand the domains to identify the

online context of the conversation related

to the four magazines. This was because my

source for the data (BlogPulse) only retained

the last six months of data. Finally, I would

compare the two networks to discover any

similarities or contrasts.

this is what I found

From 2003 to 2008, 454 individual

authors published 552 articles,

including poems and stories. From March to

September 2008, there were only 31 posts

on Web site and forums related to the four

magazines.

The print network is very open to voices

new to the network. The majority of articles

were written by authors who had only

published a single time. 80 percent of the

authors wrote 70 percent of the articles.

However, a fragment of the overall

population of authors contributed a

disproportionally large number of articles.

2 percent of the authors contributed 12

percent of the articles. This was intriguing,

but I lack any evidence about what might

be going on. Are a small number very

active? Or are a small number in control

of publication outlets? Without further

investigation it is hard to say.

Floating Bridge Press provided an accessible

point of entry for first-time writers seeking

publication. Pontoon was central to the Print

Network,and was home to most of the most

highly-linked authors, but also had slightly

more than half of its articles written by first-

time authors.

Crab Creek Review didn’t contain any of

the most prolific authors. The magazine

had the highest ratio of authors with single

publication compared to authors with

multiple contributions.

Each magazine published about the same

number of articles over a three-year period.

Authors who were central to the Print

Network were not central to the Web

Network. In reverse, the Web Network had

only a few shared authors with the Print

Network. These authors were often far more

prominent on the Web then in Print.

Unlike the Print Network where a small

number of authors held a disproportionate

number of connections, the distribution

of connections was spread throughout

the Web Network. A cluster of sites had

a lot of connections. Another cluster of

about the same size had a modest number

of connections. Some of the sites had no

connections at all.

Unlike the winner-take-all distribution in

the Print Network, there was a fairly uniform

distribution of connections in the Web

Network. For example, nearly as many sites

had around 64 inbound links as had four

inbound or zero links.

The Web Network reflected the Print

Network in terms of prominent key terms,

place names such as Seattle and Washington,

and the network composition.

The Web Network magnified the nature

of the Print Network. The Pontoon/Floating

Bridge Related Discussion was far larger and

in fact nearly subsumed The Crab Creek Review

and Raven Chronicles networks. Pontoon was

very close to the very active, densely-linked

conversation of poets online. Both the Crab

Creek Review and Raven Chronicles were remote

from this conversation.

I should also note that unlike the Print

Network, joining in the Web Network

is voluntary rather than requiring a

submission. To become a contributor, a new

author merely posts a blog and links to the

network.

.

Note about the social network maps Each social network map shows an issue of a magazine as a grey circle with the name of the magazine and a much larger circle around all of the contributors. Each magazine is a consistent color: pink (The Raven Chronicles), green (The Crab Creek Review), yellow (Pontoon), and Blue (Poetry on Wheels). Individual authors are names. An arrow indicates the author’s contribution to a magazine. A contributor with multiple publications will have multiple magazines pointed at her. Thus, in this context, she is highly-linked, or central to the Print network. If you want to spread a rumor, she is a good person to contact.

Andrew Langer

Christopher J. Jarmick

David L. Whited

Donna Miscolta

Elizabeth DeMatteo

Greg BamfordIlya Kaminsky

James Knisely

Jeannine Hall Gaileyklipschutz

Marina Pita

Marion Kimes

Natasha K. Moni

Norman Lock

Phonda Pettit

Raven Chronicles

Christopher J. Jarmick

Phonda PettitPhonda PettitJames Knisely

Marina Pita David L. Whited Marina Pita David L. Whited Marina PitaMarina PitaMarina Pita

Jeannine Hall Gailey

Norman Lock

Phonda Pettit

David L. Whited

Elizabeth DeMatteo


Phonda Pettit

Belle Randall

Brian McGuiganBryan Miller

C.P. Mangel

Cai Qijiao

Christine Deavel

Dan Thompson

David Whited

Dayna Mari

Howard Winn

James Bertolino

Janee J. Baugher

Jody Aliesan

Lawrence Matsuda

Mary Ann Mayer

Matt Briggs

Oliver Rice

Ralph La Charity

Ralph La RosaRichie Swanson Sandra Meade

Scott T. Starbuck

Dayna Mari

Mary Ann Mayer

Dayna Mari

Christine Deavel

C.P. Mangel

Lawrence Matsuda

C.P. Mangel

Dayna Mari Dayna Mari Dayna Mari Dayna Mari

C.P. Mangel

Sandra Meade

Howard Winn

Dayna Mari

Janee J. Baugher

Ann E. Gerik

Catherine Spangler

Cecelia Hagen

David L. Whited

Ilya Kaminsky


John Haines

M. Nelida Mendoza

Mike Lipstock

Richie Swanson

Sarah Broudy

Mike Lipstock

Ann E. Gerik


Sarah Broudy

David L. Whited


David L. Whited

M. Nelida Mendoza

David L. Whited Ann E. GerikAnn E. Gerik

Cecelia Hagen


Sarah Broudy

David L. Whited David L. Whited

David Bolduc

Greta Aart

Kaye Linden

Larry Laurence

Larry Matsuda

Lois Rosen

Patrick Carrington

Vera Grace Balint

Walter Mercer

Kaye Linden

Larry Laurence

Vera Grace Balint

Larry Laurence

D.L. Birch�elD.L. Birch�elD.L. Birch�elD.L. Birch�el

Charlie Burks

Donna Miscolta

Je�ery Bahr

Mary Lou Sanelli

Sue PaceCharlie Burks

Mary Lou Sanelli

Je�ery Bahr

Carolyne Wright

Elizabeth Alexander

Elizabeth Smither

Gyorgy Faludy

Jesse Minkert

John Olson

Martha Grover

Megan A. VolpertElizabeth Smither

Megan A. VolpertElizabeth Smither

Ralph La CharityRobert Gregory

Wendy Call

Jesse Minkert

Elizabeth Smither

Jesse Minkert

Elizabeth Smither

Elizabeth Alexander

Martha Grover

Elizabeth SmitherElizabeth SmitherMegan A. Volpert

Ann E. Gerik e

Cathy Ruiz

Christopher T. Hunter

D.L. Birch�el

Dolly Morse

Elizabeth Alexander

Je�ery Bahr

Judith Roche

Megan A. Volpert

Mike Lipstock

Nathan Whitin g

Sue Pace

Christopher T. HunterChristopher T. HunterChristopher T. HunterChristopher T. HunterChristopher T. Hunter

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Christopher T. HunterChristopher T. Hunter

Je�ery BahrMegan A. Volpert

Judith RocheJudith Roche

Elizabeth Alexander

Christopher T. Hunter

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D.L. Birch�el

Megan A. VolpertMegan A. Volpert

Barbara LovellBarbara Lovell

Timothy Kelly

Amy Schrader

Anita Feng

Ann Spiers

Anne FraserArthur Ginsberg

Carol Gordon

Cora Goss−Grubbs

Donna Mae Brown

Emily BensonGabrielle Dean

Holly Thomas

Iris Gribble−Neal

Kent Fortin

Natasha Kochicheril Moni

Thomas Gribbl eGabrielle DeaneGabrielle DeanGabrielle DeaneGabrielle DeaneGabrielle Dean

Amy Schrader

Thomas GribblCarol Gordon

Donna Mae BrownDonna Mae Brown

Thomas Gribbl

Donna Mae Brown

Iris Gribble−Neal


Gabrielle Dean

Kent Fortin

Gabrielle Dean

Iris Gribble−Neal

Annette Spaulding−Convy

Carlos Martinez

Chris Dahl

Chris Dusterhof f

Eli Richardson

Elizabeth St. Loui s

Iris Gribble−Neal

Janet Sekijima

Jeannette Allée

Jeremy Halinen

John Sangster

Larry Crist

Rebecca Clar k

Richard Widerkehr

Sally Albis

Scott Condon

Shannon Bor g

Sigrun Susan Lane

Stephen Roxborough

Thomas Pfau

Chris Dahl

s

Scott Condon

Rebecca Clar

Jeannette AlléeJeannette Allée

Stephen Roxborough

Larry Crist

Elizabeth St. Loui

Rebecca Clar

Jeannette Allée

Larry Crist

Elizabeth St. Loui

Larry Crist

Chris DahlJeannette Allée

Larry Crist

Jeannette Allée

Sally Albis

Stephen RoxboroughStephen RoxboroughStephen RoxboroughStephen RoxboroughStephen RoxboroughStephen Roxborough

Rebecca ClarSally Albis

Stephen Roxborough

Chris DahlJeannette Allée

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Rebecca ClarRebecca Clar

Richard Widerkehr

Eli Richardson

Iris Gribble−Neal

Chris DusterhofChris DusterhofChris DusterhofChris Dusterhof

Jeremy Halinen

Elizabeth St. LouiElizabeth St. Loui

Iris Gribble−Neal

Stephen Roxborough

Rebecca ClarRebecca ClarRebecca Clar

Stephen RoxboroughStephen Roxborough

Rebecca ClarSally Albis


Deborah J. Ta�a

Diane Elayne Dees

Donald Levering John Akins

John S. Weeren

Knute Skinne

Laura Sheahen

Monica Schley

Rachel Harrington

Deborah J. Ta�a

John S. Weeren

Donald Levering

Rachel Harrington

Anna Balint

Annette M. Rodriguez

Brian Goedde

Chavawn Kelley

Craig Van Riper

David Massengill

David Matlin

Erin M. Fristad

Gary Greaves

Janet Edwards

Joe Mills

Karen Franklin

Kaye Linden

Larry Matsuda

Lorri Lambert−Smith

Michael Hureaux

Molly Norris

Patrick Carrington

Paul Nelson

Rick Kemp

Shon R. Hopwood

Stephen Thomas

Steve Potter

Stewart Sanders

Sunil Hariani

Thomas Hubbard

Chavawn KelleyChavawn Kelley

Molly Norris

David Matlin

Molly Norris

Brian Goedde

Rick Kemp

Karen Franklin

Brian Goedde

Michael Hureaux

Rick Kemp

Annette M. RodriguezAnnette M. RodriguezAnnette M. RodriguezAnnette M. Rodriguez

Stewart Sanders Stewart Sanders

Molly Norris

Paul NelsonPaul Nelson

Kaye Linden

Chavawn Kelley

Janet Edwards

Shon R. Hopwood

Craig Van Riper

Janet EdwardsJanet EdwardsJanet Edwards

Shon R. Hopwood

Janet EdwardsJanet Edwards

Gary Greaves

Shon R. HopwoodChavawn KelleyChavawn KelleyChavawn KelleyChavawn Kelley

Janet Edwards

Craig Van Riper

David Massengill

Mary Lou Sanelli

Polly BuckinghamTimothy Kelly

John OlsonJohn OlsonJohn Olson

Timothy Kelly

Dave Rea

Donald Levering

Donna Mae Brown Elana Zaiman

Emily Benson

Felicia GonzalezJeremy Voigt

Joanne Barrie Lynn

John Thompson

Kayt Hoch

Ladd Thomas Holroyd

Lana Hechtman Ayers

Rachel Harrington

Rodger Mood

Rosanne Olson

Sharon Reitman

Felicia Gonzalez

Rosanne Olson

Joanne Barrie Lynn

Felicia Gonzalez

Rachel Harrington

Sharon ReitmanSharon ReitmanSharon Reitman

Molly Norris

Steve PotterSteve Potter

Allen Braden

Brian Goedde

John Thompson

Molly Norris

Raven ChroniclesAllen Braden

Brian GoeddeBrian Goedde

John L. Wright

Bethany Rei d

Cli�ord Paul Fetters

Cody Walker

Deborah Bacharach

Felicia Gonzalez

Holly Hughes

Janet Norman KnoxCli�ord Paul Fetters


Jennifer Bullis

Joanne Barrie Lynn

Julene T. Weaver

Ladd Thomas Holroyd

Lana Hechtman Ayers

Martin Marriott

Priscilla Long

Sally Albis

Scott Tucker

Todd FredsonBethany ReiTodd FredsonBethany ReiTodd FredsonBethany ReiTodd FredsonBethany ReiTodd Fredson

Abigail Howel l

Jennifer Bullis

Scott Tucker

Deborah Bacharach

Cli�ord Paul FettersJanet Norman Knox



Jennifer Bullis

Julene T. Weaver

Scott TuckerScott TuckerScott Tucker

Jennifer BullisBethany ReiTodd Fredson

Jennifer BullisBethany ReiTodd FredsonBethany ReiTodd FredsonBethany Rei

Jennifer Bullis

Abigail Howel

Scott Tucker

Abigail HowelAbigail HowelAbigail HowelAbigail HowelAbigail HowelAbigail Howel

Jennifer BullisJennifer BullisJennifer Bullis

Abigail HowelAbigail Howel


Lana Hechtman Ayers


Cody WalkerJulene T. Weaver

Todd FredsonTodd Fredson

Julene T. Weaver

Todd Fredson

Felicia Gonzalez

Joanne Barrie Lynn

Holly Hughes


Scott Tucker

Abigail Howel

Scott TuckerScott Tucker

Jennifer BullisJennifer Bullis


Felicia Gonzalez

Deborah Bacharach

Martin Marriott

Priscilla Long

Cody Walker

Deborah Bacharach

Glenda Cassutt

John L. Wright

Julene T. Weaver

Martin Marriott

Maya Zeller

Natalie Olsen

Priscilla Long

Steve Potter

William Gallien

Julene T. Weaver

John L. WrightJohn L. WrightJohn L. Wright

William GallienWilliam Gallien

Deborah Bacharach

Martin Marriott

Glenda Cassutt

Martin Marriott

Judith Skillman

Carlos Martinez

Eli Richardson

Elizabeth St. Loui

John Glowney

John Sangster

Joshua Marie Wilkinson

Judith Skillman

Michael Schei n

Richard Widerkehr

Shannon BorTatyana Mishel

Terri Cohlene

Carlos Martinez

Elizabeth St. Loui

John GlowneyMichael Schei

Elizabeth St. Loui

Shannon Bor

Terri Cohlene

Richard Widerkehr

Tatyana MishelEli Richardson

Joshua Marie Wilkinson

Tatyana MishelTatyana Mishel

Michael Schei

Ariana Kelly

Bruce Barcklow

Cameron K. Gearen

Dean BrinkElizabeth Bigelow

Frances Mccue

Gaston Madrigal George Fortier

Joe Max Emminger

Karen Hausdoer�er Kirsten Smith

Mark Burns

Mark Vannier

Mary Alexandra Agner

Matthew Fluharty

Michael Diebert

Robert Necker

S.D. Tullis

Stephen Mcdonald

Thomas JuvikTucker Liske

Dean Brink

Bruce Barcklow

Dean BrinkMatthew Fluharty

Bruce Barcklow

Dean BrinkMatthew Fluharty

Thomas JuvikThomas Juvik

Melissa Holmes

Rebecca Meredith

Roger Midget

Rebecca Meredith

Melissa HolmesMelissa Holmes

Roger MidgetRoger Midget

Melissa Holmes

Roger MidgetRoger Midget Judith Skillman

Melissa Holmes

Roger Midget t

Melissa Holmes

Judith Skillman

Melissa Holmes

Roger MidgetRoger Midget Judith Skillman

Joshua Parkinson

Lightsey Darst

Marc Bookman

Mark Spitzer

Megan Snyder−Camp

Philip Sorenson

Rhonda Broatch

Stefani Farris

Tommy Zurhellen

Yago Said Cura

Lightsey DarstRhonda Broatch

Philip Sorenson

Lightsey Darst

Megan Snyder−Camp

Bill Teitelbaum

Brandon Shimoda

Cathy Ulrich

David CaserioEmily S. Warren

Jean Kane

Jess Bacal

Jonathan Shapiro

Joseph Green

Jules Supervielle

Laura Bernstein

Lucas Howell

Mark Fitzgerald

Mark Spitzer

Michel EnglebertDavid CaserioMichel EnglebertDavid Caserio

Michelle Patto n

Paul Grant

Robert Necker

Robert Perchan

Stephen Mcdonald

Steven Dold

Susan Casey

Zach Savich

Alan Chong Lau

Emily S. WarrenJonathan Shapiro

Emily S. WarrenEmily S. Warren

Mark Fitzgerald

Jules Supervielle

Bill Teitelbaum

Jonathan Shapiro

Zach Savich

Jules Supervielle

Emily S. WarrenJonathan Shapiro

Zach Savich

Bill Teitelbaum

Mark Fitzgerald

Joseph Green Bill Teitelbaum

Mark Fitzgerald

Michel Englebert

Joseph Green

Jonathan Shapiro

Bill Teitelbaum

Jonathan ShapiroJonathan ShapiroJonathan Shapiro

Alan Chong LauMichelle PattoMichelle PattoMichelle Patto

Bruce Holber t

John Ronan

Laura Bernstein

Marjorie Rommel

Rebecca Meredith

Steven Dold Ak Allin

Alice Derry

A.E. Swaney

Alan Chong Lau

Alex FlennikenMarjorie RommelMarjorie RommelMarjorie Rommel

Rebecca Meredith

Marjorie RommelMarjorie RommelMarjorie Rommel

Bruce Holber

Alice DerryAlice Derry

Alex Flenniken

John Ronan

Alice DerryAlice DerryAlice Derry

John Ronan

Bruce Holber

Laura Bernstein

Steven DoldBruce Holber

A.E. Swaney

Alan Chong LauAlan Chong Lau

A.E. SwaneyA.E. SwaneyA.E. Swaney

Amanda Laughtland

Angela Bal l

Bern MulveyChris Anderson

D.S. Butterworth

Daniel Creason Bartlett

Daniel Stewart

David Dalessandro

David Morse

Deborah Mersky

E.G. Burrows

Elisabeth Murawski

Fernand Roqueplan

Francesca Preston

J. Marie WilkinsonJaime Cur l

Je� Vande Zande

Jianqing Zheng

Joannie Kervran StangelandAmanda Laughtland

Joannie Kervran StangelandAmanda Laughtland

Francesca PrestonJoannie Kervran Stangeland

Francesca Preston

Jose Luis Puerto

Justin Courter

Kenneth Frost

Laura GamacheLinda Malnack

Lisa Roullard

Mark J. Burns

Mayda RumbergMichael Jones

Michael Krebs

Nile Lanning

Ryan G. Van Cleave

Stephanie Lenox

Stephen Frech Steve Edwards

Stuart Silverman

Thomas Walton

Tom C. Hunley

Tom Chandler

Will Holman

William Meyer, Jr.

Xi Murong

Tom ChandlerTom Chandler

Fernand Roqueplan

Justin Courter

Daniel Stewart

Fernand Roqueplan

Justin Courter

Fernand RoqueplanD.S. Butterworth

Nile Lanning

Stuart Silverman

Chris AndersonKenneth Frost

Je� Vande Zande

Kenneth Frost

Angela Bal l

Fernand Roqueplan

Lisa Roullard

Xi Murong


D.S. ButterworthFernand Roqueplan

Nile Lanning

Chris Anderson


Jose Luis Puerto


Fernand RoqueplanFernand Roqueplan

Je� Vande Zande


Thomas Walton

Angela Bal

Fernand Roqueplan

Mayda Rumberg

E.G. Burrows

Kenneth FrostD.S. Butterworth

Laura Gamache

Thomas Walton

Stephen Frech

Linda MalnackLinda MalnackLinda MalnackLinda MalnackStephanie Lenox

D.S. Butterworth

Nile Lanning

Chris Anderson


J. Marie Wilkinson

Fernand Roqueplan

Cora Goss−Grubbs

Daniel Creason BartlettEmily Bedar d

Jeremy Halinen

Leonard Orr

Martha Clarkson

Michael Bradburn−Ruster


Steve Edwards

Martha Clarkson

Emily Bedar

Michael Bradburn−RusterMichael Bradburn−RusterMichael Bradburn−Ruster

Gerry McFarland

Jeremy Halinen

John Sangster

Jeremy Halinen

John Whalen

Mark Simpson

Michael Dylan Welch

Nina Bayer

Patrick Loafman

Rob Jacques

Thomas AslinThomas AslinThomas AslinThomas AslinThomas AslinThomas Aslin

Mark Simpson

Michael Dylan Welch

Rob Jacques

Gerry McFarlandJoseph Powell

Laura Snyder

Mark Simpson

Martha Clarkson

Michael Dylan Welch

Patrick Loafman

Ronda K. BroatchJoseph Powell


Michael Dylan WelchMichael Dylan Welch

Joseph PowellJoseph Powell

Michael Dylan WelchMichael Dylan Welch

Ronda K. Broatch

Michael Dylan Welch

Martha Clarkson

Joseph PowellJoseph PowellJoseph PowellJoseph PowellJoseph Powell

Patrick Loafman



Gerry McFarland

John SangsterJohnny Horton

Laura Snyder

Michael Dylan Welch

John SangsterJohn SangsterJohn Sangster

Laura SnyderLaura SnyderLaura SnyderLaura Snyder

Michael Dylan Welch

Johnny Horton

Deborah MerskyElizabeth Trotter

Kathleen Flenniken

Katy McKinney

Marc Bookman

Mark J. Burns

Timothy Green

Alicia HokansonWendy WisnerWendy Wisner

John Bowlby

John Whalen

Katharine Whitcomb

Katy McKinney

Rob Jacques

Thomas Aslin

Alice PettwayAdriana Grant

Alicia Hokanson

Adriana GrantAdriana GrantAdriana Grant

Thomas AslinThomas Aslin

John Whalen

Katharine Whitcomb

John Whalen

Katharine WhitcombKatharine Whitcomb

John Bowlby

Adriana GrantJohn WhalenJohn Whalen

Marjorie Rommel

Alicia Hokanson

Alice PettwayAdriana Grant

Alan Chong Lau

Adriana Grant

Alicia Hokanson

Marjorie Rommel

Alicia Hokanson

Alan Chong Lau

Alissa Resnick

Amber Graham

Andrew LaBonte

Angela Omulepu

Bill Yake

Carla Evans

Catharine Ho�man Beyer

Christine EisenClea Allington

David Dintenfass

Ellie Mathews

Elspeth Taylor

Erin Jane MillerAmber GrahamErin Jane MillerAmber Graham

Genevieve Johnson

Jennifer Drake−Thorton

Joanie StangelandLaraine Hong

Laurie Sutherland

Leslie E. Basel

Linda Watts

Luis Bolanos

Madeline DeFrees

Mary DelahantyMelinda Giese

Molly Curran

Morgan Weiler

Nathaniel Kent Leatham

Patricia Coburn

Paul Backstrom

Paula Jones Gardiner

Peggy Sturdivant

Pesha Gertler

Phebe Jewell

R. McNaughton Phillips

Rebecca Loudon

Richard Beck

Rob Brown

Robert McAfee

Roberto Carlos Ascalon

Robin Shear

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Sarah Gallaghar

Sharon Carter

Sheila Bender

Stine Loughlin

Suzanne Edison

Tamara M. EvansRobert McAfeeTamara M. EvansRobert McAfee

Ted Lord

Thom SchrammPaula Jones GardinerThom SchrammPaula Jones Gardiner

Tina Kelle

Tracy Huddleson

Linda Watts

Yasmin Dalisayes

Yussef El Guindi

Suzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne Edison

Stine LoughlinStine LoughlinStine Loughlin

Elspeth Taylor

Genevieve Johnson

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Morgan WeilerMorgan WeilerMorgan Weiler

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Rob Brown

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Robert McAfee

Linda WattsLinda WattsPhebe Jewell

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Andrew LaBonte

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Angela Omulepu

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Jennifer Drake−ThortonLaurie Sutherland

Rob Brown

Linda WattsGenevieve JohnsonGenevieve Johnson

Bill Yake

Stine Loughlin

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Rob Brown

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Madeline DeFreesRoberto Carlos Ascalon

Genevieve Johnson

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Stine LoughlinStine Loughlin

David DintenfassDavid Dintenfass

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Elspeth Taylor

Genevieve Johnson


Genevieve Johnson


Rob Brown

Linda Watts

Robert McAfeeTamara M. EvansRobert McAfeeTamara M. EvansRobert McAfee

Richard Beck

Rob Brown

Amber Graham

Stine Loughlin

Genevieve Johnson


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Amber GrahamErin Jane MillerAmber GrahamErin Jane MillerAmber Graham

Stine Loughlin

Sheila Bender

Carla Evans

Robert McAfee

Sheila Bender

Bill Yake

Erin Jane Miller


Elspeth Taylor

Genevieve Johnson

Paula Jones GardinerThom SchrammPaula Jones GardinerThom SchrammPaula Jones Gardiner

Elspeth Taylor

Genevieve Johnson

Elspeth Taylor

Genevieve Johnson

Alissa ResnickAlissa ResnickAlissa Resnick

Stine Loughlin

Amber GrahamSara Wainscott


Tracy Huddleson

Alissa Resnick

Genevieve Johnson


Robert McAfeeRobert McAfee

Clea Allington

Rebecca LoudonAndrew LaBonte

Morgan Weiler

Andrew LaBonte

Morgan WeilerMorgan Weiler

Linda Watts


Genevieve JohnsonGenevieve Johnson

Bill Yake

Stine LoughlinStine Loughlin

Genevieve JohnsonCarla Evans

Robert McAfee

Carla Evans

Robert McAfee

Bill Yake

Linda Watts

Stine Loughlin Robin Shear

Genevieve Johnson

Elspeth Taylor


Genevieve Johnson

Suzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne EdisonSuzanne Edison

Alissa Resnick

Genevieve Johnson



Madeline DeFreesRoberto Carlos Ascalon


Genevieve JohnsonGenevieve Johnson

Anna Zola Miller

Betty Jane Sparenberg

Christine Eisen

David Dintenfass

Deborah Berg

Devona Lahrman

Don Hansbrough

Donna Miscolta

Elizabeth DeMatteo

Elizabeth Knaster

Elspeth Taylor

Erin Bogarte

Jazmine L. Daley

Je� Crandall

Kathryn BaileyKelli Russell Agodon

klipschutz

Linda Watts

Luis Bolanos

Lynn Miller

Martha Silano

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Ruth Yarro w

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Thom Schramm

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Suzanne Edison

Anna Zola MillerPeter Pereira

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w Elizabeth DeMatteoElizabeth DeMatteoElizabeth DeMatteoElizabeth DeMatteo

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Tina Kelle

Elspeth Taylor

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Luis Bolanos

Anna Zola MillerAnna Zola MillerAnna Zola MillerAnna Zola MillerAnna Zola MillerAnna Zola MillerAnna Zola Miller

Don HansbroughXander Fehsenfeld

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Suzanne Edison

David Gravender

Erin Jane MillerJohn Burgess

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Peggy SturdivantSibyl James

Tina KelleTina Kelle

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Dana ElkunJohn BurgessDana ElkunJohn BurgessDana Elkun

Martha SilanoTina Kelle y Martha SilanoyTina Kelle

Dana ElkunJohn BurgessDana ElkunJohn BurgessDana Elkun

Tina Kelle


Michael Spence

Norman Goodwi n

Patrick Forgette

Richard Widerkehr

Ronda Broatch

Sigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan Lane

Michael Spence

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Ronda Broatch

Michael Spence

Annette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−Convy

Patrick ForgettePatrick ForgettePatrick ForgettePatrick Forgette

Ronda Broatch

Patrick Forgette

Richard Widerkehr

Sigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvyAnnette Spaulding−ConvyAnnette Spaulding−ConvySigrun Susan LaneAnnette Spaulding−ConvyAnnette Spaulding−Convy

Jeanne LohmannJudith Skillman

Jeanne LohmannJudith Skillman

Richard WiderkehrSusan Landgraf

Allan Peterson

Amber Graham

Andre BreseeAnn Batchelor Hursey

Arne Phil

Branford Tice

Bryson Good

Carla Evans

Claudia Mauro

Corrina Wyco�

D. Lothar Pietz

Dean Brink Edward Beatty

George Fortier

I−Ching LaoD. Lothar Pietz

I−Ching LaoD. Lothar Pietz

Joan Fiset

Joe Max Emminger

Julie Gerrard

Kate Johnson

Kathleen Roberts

Kirsten SmithKristin Dahlquist

L.E. Conelison

Mabelle Labitoria

Margaret McLeod

Mark Burns

Mark Taksa

Melanie Noel

Mercedes LawryMichael G. Hickey

Molly Blair

Peggy Sturdivant

Phebe Jewell

Sandra Gra�Sara Wainscott

Sheila Bender

Susan Rich

Tamara M. Evans

Alice Derry

Sandra Gra�Sara WainscottSara Wainscott

Michael G. HickeyMichael G. Hickey

Edward BeattyEdward Beatty

Melanie Noel

Mercedes Lawry

Joe Max EmmingerJoe Max EmmingerJoe Max EmmingerJoe Max Emminger

Alice Derry

Branford Tice

Alice Derry

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Joe Max EmmingerJoe Max EmmingerJoe Max EmmingerJoe Max Emminger

Andre Bresee

Joe Max Emminger

Ann Batchelor Hursey

Bryson Good

Claudia Mauro

Mercedes Lawry

Susan Rich

Julie GerrardKathleen Roberts

Claudia Mauro

Michael G. Hickey

Corrina Wyco�

Michael G. Hickey

Susan Rich

Corrina Wyco�

Michael G. HickeyMichael G. Hickey

Susan Rich

Julie GerrardKathleen Roberts

Phebe Jewell

Ann Batchelor HurseyClaudia Mauro

Michael G. HickeyMichael G. HickeyMichael G. Hickey

Claudia Mauro

Amber Graham

Peggy Sturdivant

Sara Wainscott


Peggy Sturdivant

Sara WainscottSara WainscottSusan Rich

Sara WainscottSusan Rich

Sara WainscottSara Wainscott

D. Lothar Pietz


Arne PhilPhebe Jewell

D. Lothar Pietz

Claudia MauroAnn Batchelor Hursey

Claudia Mauro

Peggy Sturdivant

Joan Swift

Roger Midget

Alice DerryA.K. Allin

Ace Boggess


Ace Boggess


Ace Boggess

Roger MidgetRoger Midget

Ace Boggess

Jeanne Lohmann

Joan Swift

Judith SkillmanRoger Midget t Judith SkillmanJeanne Lohmann

Joan Swift

Judith Skillman

Crab CreekReview 2004Review 2004

Crab CreekReview 2004Review 2004

Crab CreekReview 2005

Crab CreekReview 2003

Pontoon2005

Scott TuckerScott Tucker

Chris Dusterhof f

Janet Sekijima

Maureen McQuerry

Mike Dillo n

Sally Albis

Scott Condon

Sean Brendan Brown

Thomas Pfau

Janet Sekijima

Thomas Pfau

Sally AlbisSally Albis

Janet Sekijima

Mike DilloSean Brendan Brown

Mike DilloSean Brendan BrownSean Brendan Brown



nSean Brendan Brown

nSean Brendan BrownSean Brendan Brown

Janet Sekijima

Sean Brendan BrownSean Brendan BrownChris Dusterhof

Scott Condon

Sally Albis



Felicia Gonzalez

Holly Hughes


Janet Norman KnoxCli�ord Paul FettersMaureen McQuerry

Janet Norman KnoxMaureen McQuerry

Janet Norman Knox

Sally Albis o


Maureen McQuerryJanet Norman Knox







Holly Hughes



Maureen McQuerryMaureen McQuerry

Holly HughesHolly Hughes

Maureen McQuerry

o

Pontoon2008

Pontoon2008

WheelsMetro Transit

Natasha K. MoniRaven Chronicles

Vol12No2

Raven ChroniclesRaven ChroniclesVol12No1

Raven ChroniclesVol14No1

Raven ChroniclesVol14No1

Raven ChroniclesVol13 No1

Pontoon2007

Pontoon200720072007

Marjorie Manwaring

1

2

3

1

4

1

5

7

9

1

8

10

Derek She�eld

Paul Hunter Kathleen Alcala

Elizabeth Myhr

Laurie Blauner

Cal Kinnear

Gregory Hischak

Kevin Miller

Erin Malone

16

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RavenChronicles

Crab CreekReview

Floating BridgeFloating BridgePress

Seattle Literary MagazinesWeb Network

Print Network

Table - Top 20 Authors (Magazines) Rank Author Crab Creek

Review Pontoon Raven

Chronicles Wheels Grand

Total 1 Elizabeth Myhr - 1 4 - 5 2 Derek Sheffield 1 1 1 1 4 3 Kathleen Alcala - - 4 - 4 4 Kevin Miller 2 1 1 - 4 5 Laurie Blauner 2 1 1 4 6 Marjorie

Manwaring 1 3 - - 4

7 Paul Hunter - - 3 1 4 8 Cal Kinnear 1 1 1 - 3 9 Erin Malone 3 - - 3 10 Gregory Hischak 1 1 - 1 3 11 Jeff Crandall - - 2 1 3 12 John Glowney - 3 - - 3 13 John Olson - - 3 - 3 14 Johnny Horton 1 2 3 15 Judith Roche - - 3 - 3 16 Martha Silano - 1 1 1 3 17 Mercedes Lawry 2 - - 1 3 18 Michael Spence - 2 1 - 3 19 Priscilla Long - 2 1 - 3 20 Ronda Broatch - 2 - 1 3

Table - Connections (Magazine) Counts Authors Percentage 5 Publications 1 0.22% 4 Publications 6 1.32% 3 Publications 13 2.86% 2 Publications 50 11.01% 1 Publication 384 84.58%

Table - Genre (Magazine) Genre Number Percentage Essay 46 8.33% Fiction 40 7.25% Poetry 466 84.42%

Web Network

Top 18 Domains (Network) Rank Domain Total 1 blog.myspace.com 5 2 crabcreekreview.blogspot.com 5 3 www.brianwithani.com 3 4 www.centrum.org 3 5 thevirtualworld.blogspot.com 2 6 andyhat.livejournal.com 1 7 blog.myspace.com/jesse_minkert 1 8 floatingbridgepress.blogspot.com 1 9 itsaboutimewriters.blogspot.com 1 10 newversenews.blogspot.com 1 11 northwindarts.org 1 12 paperworlds.blogspot.com 1 13 seattlepoet.blogspot.com 1 14 semiurbancartography.com 1 15 tygerburning.blogspot.com 1 16 www.alissanielsen.com 1 17 www.seedcake.com/mattbriggs 1 18 www.worldpoetrypress.com 1

Table Top 10 Domains by Links Rank Magazine Domain Links 1 Floating Bridge Press thevirtualworld.blogspot.com 253 2 Crab Creek Review www.centrum.org 112 3 Raven Chronicles www.seedcake.com/mattbriggs 85 4 Floating Bridge Press newversenews.blogspot.com 81 5 Raven Chronicles www.alissanielsen.com 61 6 Floating Bridge Press www.brianwithani.com 61 7 Crab Creek Review www.brianwithani.com 61 8 Crab Creek Review tygerburning.blogspot.com 38 9 Floating Bridge Press northwindarts.org 24 10 Raven Chronicles andyhat.livejournal.com 19

Table Connections (Network) Counts Domains Percentage 256 Links 1 4.35% 128 Links 1 4.35% 64 Links 5 21.74% 32 links 2 8.70% 16 links 2 8.70% 8 links 0 0.00% 4 links 5 21.74% 0 links 7 30.43%

Genre (Network) Genre Total Percentage mixed 4 22.22% poetry 12 66.67% prose 2 11.11%

Tools Used for this Article

I used freely available and mostly open source tools to collect data and analyze it for this article.

Blog and Forum Data: Blog Metrics -- www.blogpulse.com

Word Cloud: Tag Clowd -- www.wordle.net

Network Mapping: yED -- www.yworks.com

Number Crunching: MS Excel -- www.microsoft.com

Magazine Details

The Raven Chronicles

The Raven Chronicles was founded as a multicultural journal, but unlike many journals dedicated

specifically to a specific ethnic identity, the aesthetic of the Raven Chronicles was open to writers

working in mainstream traditions. Part of this had to do with the magazine’s close association

with the Red Sky Poetry Theater, a loosely run open mic that like any nerdy kid quickly got to

know any new kid or poet who’d come to Seattle. In the late 1990s, the magazine reaffirmed to its

commitment to cultural diversity, locality, and also openness. Bosche’s statement said simply:

“The Raven Chronicles publishes work, which reflects the cultural diversity of the Pacific Northwest,

Canada, and other areas of America.” The magazine publishes fiction, poetry, recipes, essays, and

book reviews. The physical magazine up until 2008 was released as a thick, saddle stitched eight

and a half magazine issue. Earlier this year the magazine announced that it will begin publishing

online only. The magazine was the only one of the four journals to include original online

content. The magazine has been published since 1991, when it was founded by Kathleen Alcala,

Philip Red Eagle, and Bosche. Bosche has remained as a managing editor, and many Seattle

writers have served as editors including John Olson, Elizabeth Myhr, and Jody Aliesen.

The Raven Chronicles and Pontoon where essentially tied in terms of the overall volume of

published articles in a three-year period. The Raven Chronicles published 149 articles from 2006-

2008. Floating Bridge’s Pontoon anthology published 148. The Raven Chronicles includes a mix of

poetry, essay, fiction, and was the only magazine of the three to include book reviews. Thus two

staff members of the magazine, Elizabeth Myhr and Kathleen Alcala, appeared in the list of the

top authors due to their contributions of book reviews and essays to the editorial content of their

magazine. These two authors were in the top 2 percent of overall publications.

Two-thirds of the authors in the Raven Chronicles had only appeared in the magazine a

single time. This indicates the magazine was relatively open to new voices, certainly more so than

Pontoon, but not as much as The Crab Creek Review.

Pontoon

Pontoon is an annual anthology published by Floating Bridge Press. The press describes their

mission to recognize and promote the work of Washington State poets, through an annual Poetry

Chapbook Award; the production of archival-quality chapbooks, anthologies, and broadsides; as

well as community poetry readings. The press publishes only Washington State Residences.

Floating Bridge has been publishing works since 1997. Their anthology is a handsome, perfect

bound volume that usually features a fine art image on a white background. Several well-known

local poets have or current work for the press including Peter Pereira (whose last two books have

been released by Copper Canyon Press), Kathleen Flenniken (winner of the 2005 Prairie

Schooner Prize), and Ron Starr (author of A Map by Dim Lamp).

The anthology published about as many poems in three years as The Raven Chronicles

published articles. Pontoon was the least likely to publish first time authors. Fourteen of the top

authors appeared in the magazine. Nearly half of the contributions of all authors who had

published more than a single article were contributors to Pontoon. Pontoon though was had the

lowest percentage of new writers, with only 54 percent of the anthology containing authors who

had appeared in the network a single time.

So while it might be more difficult to gain access to Pontoon, once a writer appeared in

Pontoon these authors become widely published in Seattle literary magazines.

In contrast, Poetry on Wheels, also published by Floating Bridge Press, had nearly the

highest number of new authors. Consequently, Poetry on Wheels had the fewest citations among the

most prolific authors in the space. Eight-two percent of the contributors to Poetry on Wheels only

contributed a single poem to the anthology and did not appear in other magazines.

The Crab Creek Review

Crab Creek Review has been a long-standing staple of Seattle literary magazines outlasting many of

the magazines established in Seattle in the early 1980s including SkyViews, Bellowing Arc, and Fine

Madness. The magazine was originally printed on newsprint and saddle stitched. It often features

Seattle writers writing in what has loosely been described as the Northwest Mystic School. In the

mid-1990s the magazine changed editorial staff. To mark the change, the magazine also changed

format to a perfect bound, glossy covered review often with a woodblock image on a flat color.

Although the Crab Creek Review was never explicitly a Seattle magazine, the new magazine began

to noticeably writers from all over the country.

Almost all of the editorial staff appeared in our list of authors, and many, such as Ronda

Broatch, were among the top authors.

The Crab Creek Review contained the lowest number of articles published by the most

prolific authors in the space. Most authors, 81 percent, published a single article in the review and

didn’t publish elsewhere. Furthermore, among the most published contributors, Crab Creek Review

only had 27 citations out of 168, or 16 percent. In contrast, Pontoon had 42 percent and The Raven

Chronicles 30 percent.

Documents

Seattle Literary Magazines in Print and on the Web