Seat Belts. . . A Matter of Dollars and Sense.

Seat Belts. . .

A Matter of Dollars and Sense. . .

Ginger Floerchinger-Franks, M.S., Dr.P.H.Idaho Department of Health & Welfare

Bureau of Health Promotion

Mary HunterIdaho Transportation Department

Office of Highway Safety

Topics To Be Covered

Injury in Idaho versus U.S. TBI estimates Injury Prevention Strategies – Overview The Seat Belt Connection Past Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention Efforts Costs

YPLL- 65: U.S. & Idaho, 2000

18

16.6

12.2

10.5 10

5.64.9

24.2

15.6

9.7 9.9

15

8.4

1.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

UnintentionalInjury

Cancer Heart IntentionalInjury

MVC Suicide Homicide

Pe

rce

nt

of

YP

LL

-65

U.S.

Idaho

10 Leading Causes of Death – U.S. 2000Age Groups

Rank <1 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ All Ages

1CongenitalAnomalies

5,743 UnintentionalInjury 1,826

UnintentionalInjury 1,391




MalignantNeoplasms

16,520

MalignantNeoplasms

48,034

MalignantNeoplasms

89,005

HeartDisease 593,707

HeartDisease 710,760

2Short

Gestation 4,397

CongenitalAnomalies

495

MalignantNeoplasms

489

MalignantNeoplasms

525 Homicide 4,939

Suicide 4,792 UnintentionalInjury 15,413

HeartDisease 35,480

HeartDisease 63,399

MalignantNeoplasms

392,366

MalignantNeoplasms

553,091

3 SIDS 2,523

MalignantNeoplasms

420

CongenitalAnomalies

198 Suicide 300 Suicide 3,994 Homicide 4,1

64

HeartDisease 13,181


Chronic Low.Respiratory

Disease 10,739

Cerebro-vascular 148,045

Cerebro-vascular 167,661

4Maternal

PregnancyComp. 1,404

Homicide 356

Homicide 140

Homicide 231

MalignantNeoplasms

1,713

MalignantNeoplasms

3,916 Suicide 6,562

LiverDisease

6,654

Cerebro-vascular

9,956


Disease 106,375


Disease 122,009

5Placenta

CordMembranes

1,062

HeartDisease

181

HeartDisease

106

CongenitalAnomalies

201

HeartDisease

1,031

HeartDisease

2,958

HIV 5,919

Cerebro-vascular

6,011

DiabetesMellitus 9,186

Influenza& Pneumonia

58,557 UnintentionalInjury 97,900

6Respiratory

Distress 999


103

BenignNeoplasms

62

HeartDisease

165

CongenitalAnomalies

441

HIV 2,437

LiverDisease

3,371 Suicide 5,437 UnintentionalI

njury 7,505



7 UnintentionalInjury 881

Septicemia 99


Disease 48


Disease 91

Cerebro-vascular

199

DiabetesMellitus

623 Homicide 3,219


LiverDisease

5,774

Alzheimer'sDisease 48,993


65,313

8BacterialSepsis

768

PerinatalPeriod

79


47

Cerebro-vascular

51


Disease 190

Cerebro-vascular

602

Cerebro-vascular

2,599

HIV 4,142

Nephritis 3,100

Nephritis 31,225

Alzheimer'sDisease 49,558

9Circulatory

SystemDisease

663

BenignNeoplasms

53

Septicemia 38


40


189

CongenitalAnomalies

477



Disease 3,251

Suicide 2,945 UnintentionalInjury 31,051

Nephritis 37,251

10Intrauterine

Hypoxia 630


Disease 51

Two Tied 25

BenignNeoplasms

37

HIV 179

LiverDisease

415


1,068

ViralHepatitis

1,894

Septicemia 2,899

Septicemia 24,786

Septicemia 31,224

10 Leading Causes of Death – Idaho 2000Age Groups

Rank <1 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ All Ages

1CongenitalAnomalies


UnintentionalInjury 14





MalignantNeoplasms

176

MalignantNeoplasms

322

HeartDisease

2,129

HeartDisease

2,519

2Short

Gestation 16

CongenitalAnomalies

3

HeartDisease

3 Suicide 4 Suicide 31 Suicide 28

MalignantNeoplasms

65

HeartDisease

105

HeartDisease

224

MalignantNeoplasms

1,534

MalignantNeoplasms

2,128

3 SIDS 12

MalignantNeoplasms

1

CongenitalAnomalies

2

MalignantNeoplasms

2

MalignantNeoplasms

8

MalignantNeoplasms

17

HeartDisease



Disease 52

Cerebro-vascular

660

Cerebro-vascular

720

4Maternal

PregnancyComp.

9

PerinatalPeriod

1


1

Homicide 1 Heart

Disease 3

Homicide 7 Suicide 28 Liver

Disease 27


Chronic Low.

RespiratoryDisease

501


Disease 569

5Placenta

CordMembranes

9

MalignantNeoplasms

1

DiabetesMellitus

2

DiabetesMellitus

5

LiverDisease

12 Suicide 25

DiabetesMellitus

43

Influenza&

Pneumonia 261


6Intrauterine

Hypoxia 7

Homicide 2 CongenitalAnomalies

4

Cerebro-vascular

10

Cerebro-vascular

17

Cerebro-vascular

31

Alzheimer'sDisease

258

DiabetesMellitus

304

7Neonatal

Hemorrhage 7


2

HeartDisease

4 Homicide 10

DiabetesMellitus

13

LiverDisease

26

DiabetesMellitus

232


288



Disease 1

HIV 3

DiabetesMellitus

9


Disease 12

Suicide 13

Unintentional

Injury 153

Alzheimer'sDisease

262

9Circulatory

SystemDisease

4

ComplicatedPregnancy

1


3

CongenitalAnomalies

4

ViralHepatitis

9


12

Parkinson'sDisease

84

Suicide 167

10Respiratory

Distress 4

Two Tied

2

HIV 4


7

Nephritis 10

Nephritis 81

LiverDisease

109

TBI Versus All Injury Deaths

U.S. – Each Year

TBI ~33% of all injury deaths

Idaho 1999 – 2001

TBI ~45% of all injury deaths

TBI Annual Estimates – U.S.

1.5 million new TBI annually

50,000 fatalities>230,000 hospitalizations80,000 long-term disabilities

5.3 million living with a TBI disability

TBI Annual Estimates – Idaho

Based on U.S. estimates

7,000 new TBI

235 deaths

>1080 hospitalizations

375 long term disabilities

~24,900 living with a TBI disability

Changing Patterns Of TBI Fatalities: U.S.

•Overall: Rates are decreasing.

• Firearms-related: Increased to 1994. Decreased since 1995.

Fall-related: Rates are increasing.

•Motor vehicle-related: Decreased to 1994.

TBI Deaths United States 1989-1998

Firearm-Related: 40%

Ages 20 – 74

Motor Vehicle-Related: 34%

Ages 0-19

Fall-Related: 10%

Ages >75

Head Injury Deaths Idaho 1999 - 2001

Average: 320 per year

Motor Vehicle-Related: 50%

Firearm-Related: 31%

Fall-Related: 14%

Motor Vehicle Collisions - Idaho

More than 5 Idahoans are either killed or seriously injured each day.

Leading cause of death for ages 5 – 34.

83% of MVC deaths are aged > 18 years.

60% of MVC fatalities involved a head injury.

Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries & Fatalities

1,146 Fatalities

8,891 Serious Injuries

26,375 Visible Injuries

Idaho 1997 - 2001

INJURIESINJURIES

ARE NOT random accidents.

ARE predictable.

ARE preventable.

Injury Prevention:Public Health Perspective

Surveillance

Risk Factor Identification

Program Development & Implementation

Program Evaluation

Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention:Transportation Perspective

Engineering

Enforcement

Education

Emergency Medical Services

Haddon –Injury Prevention

Prevent the creation of the hazard. Prevent the release or distribution of the hazard.

Modify the hazard.

Increase resistance to the hazard.

Counter damage done by the hazard.

Stabilize, repair, rehabilitate damage.

Haddon Matrix

FACTORS

PHASES

HUMAN AGENT ORVEHICLE

PHYSICALENVIRONMENT

SOCIOCULTURALENVIRONMENT

PRE-EVENT

EVENT

POST-EVENT

Haddon Matrix - MVC

FACTORS

PHASES

HUMAN AGENT ORVEHICLE

PHYSICALENVIRONMENT

SOCIOCULTURALENVIRONMENT

PRE-EVENT

EVENT

POST-EVENT

• Alcohol Use

•Driver’s Vision

•Brakes/Tires• Ease of Control

•Road Visibility•Signs/Signals

•Alcohol Attitudes

• Driving Experience•Use of Safety Restraints

•Vehicle Size•Vehicle Speed

•Guard Rails•Recovery Areas

•Speed Limits•Type of Safety Restraint Laws

•Age•Physical Condition

•Fuel System Integrity

•Distance and Quality of EMS

•Support for Trauma Care

Systems

Documents

Seat Belts. . . A Matter of Dollars and Sense.