Scientific Measurements

The metric system

Metric Prefixes

Kilo = 1000

Hecto = 100

Deka = 10

Deci = 1/10

Centi = 1/100

Milli = 1/1000

Meters, Liters, Grams• Meters measure length• Liters measure volume• Grams measure mass

How Big?

A meter is about 39 inches A kilometer is 0.6 mile A centimeter is about the width of

your little finger A gram is about the mass of a paper

clip A kilogram is 2.2 pounds You drink 2 liters of pop

Other metric units

• Temperature is measured in degrees celsius or centigrade

• Heat/energy is measured in calories or joules

• Weight is measured in Newtons

• Mega = 1,ooo,ooo

• Micro = one millionth

• Nano = one billionth

K H D O D C M

Changing from one metric unit to another is called metric conversion

“O” is the space where meter, liter, or gram (the “base unit”) belongs

Kids Have Dropped Over Dead Converting Metrics

Let’s practice!

K H D O D C M

To change from one metric unit to another, we simply move the decimal point.

For example: 25.4 km = _____________ cm?

K-H-D-O-D-C is 5 places to the right 25.4 km = 2,540,000 cm

K H D O D C M

30 cm = ___________hm C – D- O –D- H is 4 places to the left 30 cm = 0.0030 hm

(this is the same as 0.003 hm) 14 dkl = _____dl D- O –D is 2 places to the right 14 dal = 1400 dl

One cubic centimeter = one milliliter

This cube’s sides areeach 3 cm. What is the volume of the cube?

Using water displacement,how many milliliters do you expect the waterto raise when the cubeis lowered?

Measuring volume of a solid by water displacement

Graduated cylinder measurement

• Volume is measured using a graduated cylinder.

• When reading a graduated cylinder, read the bottom of the meniscus.

Measuring water

If you wanted to measure 25ml of water, what instrument would you use?

Measuring water 2

If you wanted to measure 25 grams of water, what 2 instruments could you use?

Density of Water One milliliter of

water Has a mass of 1

gram Density = Mass

÷ Volume Calculate the

density of water

1g ÷ 1ml = 1g/ml

Scientific notation

Rules:1 digit before the decimal pointMultiply the number by a power of 10

Example: Write 34,000 in scientific notation.

Solution: 3.4 x 104

Write the following in scientific notation:

4,100,000 = _______________ 345,600,000,000 =

_________ 0.0456= ________________ 0.00000012=____________ O.00305= ____________

4.1 x 106

3.456 x 1011

4.56 x 10-2

1.2 x 10-7

3.05 x 10-3

Write the following in standard form:

4.67 x 103 =__________________ 3.112 x 105 = _________________ 3.112 x 10-4 = ________________ 4 x 10-6 = ___________________ 1 x 1011 = __________________

46703112000.0003112

0.000004100,000,000,000

That’s all folks!That’s all folks!

Time to try some on your worksheets!Time to try some on your worksheets!