SCIEE CEVOL. 103 Friday, February 8, 1946 NO. 2667

ly-f~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In This Issue

Another Chain ReactionKatherine Chamberlain

Further Notes on Science LegislationRobert Chambers

S. 1720 vs. S. 1777Howard A. Meyerhoff

A Statement by Senator Willis Introducing S. 1777

News and Notes Science Legislation

Book Reviews Technical Papers

Letters to the Editor Scientific Book Register In the Laboratory

Cmplete Table of Cotents Page 4

Published by the

American Association for the Advancement of Science

THEODORE WILLIAM RICHARDS was bornJanuary 31, 1868. He was a genius. Hetook infinite pains with details.He graduated from Harvard suamma oum

laude and with highest honors in chemistry.Richards made researches into and uncov-

ered errors in the atomic weight for oxygenand.copper before he reached his twentiethyear. In his experiments with strontium heset records for exact methods of procedurewhich have never been surpassed.He was recognized not alone as a master

of quantitative manipulation but a masterinterpreter of these procedures.In his researches into radioactive disinte-

gration he startled the scientific world in1914 with the announcement that lead ob-tained from radioactive material has a loweratomic weight than lead obtained from anyother source.He was awarded the Nobel prize in 1914.

He was the recipient of many honors bothhere and abroad. He died at Cambridge,Massachusetts, on April 2, 1928.

This Is the sixth of a series of brief biog-raphies of eminent chemists sponsored byThe Coleman & Beli Co., ManucturingChemists, Norwood, Ohio, U. 8. A.

i8 o/.#4chievem enl.in the World of Chemistry

THEODORE WILLIAM RICHARDSJanuary 31, 1868-April 2, 1928

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SCIENCEEditor: Willard L. Valentine

Auistant Editor: Mildred Atwood Advertising Manager: Theo. J. ChriutsenPolioy Comnittee: Malcolm H. Soule, Roger Adam, Walter B. Miles and Kirtley F. Mather

VOL. 103 FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1946 No. 2667

Contents

Uniform Luminesebnt Materials: C. G. A. Hill ............... 155

Another Chain Reaction: Katherine Chamberlain 158

SCIENCE LEGISLATIONFurther Notes on Science Legislation:

RobertChambers ........ ................................... 160

S. 1720 vs. 1777: Howard A. Meyerhoff ........................ 161

Statement by Senator Willis Introducing a Billfor a National Science Foundation .............................. 163

5. 1777 ......................................... 164

NEWSANDNOTES ......... ................................ 165

TECHNICAL PAPERS

Characterization of Pectin:Claude H. Hills and Rudolph Speiser ........................... 166

Inhibition of Growth of Mycobacterium Tubercu-losis by a Mold Product-the Effect on Patho-genic Human Tubercle Bacilli:Isadore E. Gerber and Milton Gross .............................. 167

IN THE LABORATORYPulsating Perfusing Apparatus: J. A. Long ............... 170

An Apparatus for Determining the RespiratoryVolume of Large Aquatic Birds: Eugene Dehner 171

A New Sterile Technic for Preparing Agar Cup-plates: John E. Christian and Milton L. Neuroth 172

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Information for B. and T.:W.O.R.; E. Henry Ruediger; Z.; 1T. and W..........

What Can You Do About It?: Karl Heyman ...............

174

174

SCIENCz: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the official organof the American Association for the Advancement of Science.Published by the American Association for the Advancementof Science every Friday at Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

Communications relative to articles offered for publicationshould be addressed to Editor, Massachusetts and NebraskaAvenues, Washington 16, D. C.

Announcement: A. N. Richards ........................ 174

Reversal in the Winter Flounder: C. Bishop 174

Coloration of Acid Earths Caused by Vitamin A:Henry M.Espoy 175

Preservation of Biological Specimens with ClariteX: Herbert W. Levi . ... ............ 175

Algae in the Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico:Walter B. Lang ............. 175

What Is the Matter With Scienoe?: Harold Ward 176

The Prevention of Atomic Warfare:James H. Pannell .. ........... 177

Veterans' Retraining Program in Geology:W.H.Bradley ....................... 177

Plea for Change in Regular Time of Meeting ofthe AAAS: Robert S. McEwen .................. 178

The Law of Precharged Luminescence:Jack De Ment ................ 178

BOOK REVIEWS

Heredity and its variability: T. D. Lysenko.Reviewed by L. C. Dunn 180

The fortress islands of the Pacific:William Herbert Hobbs.Reviewed by J. Edward Hoffmeister ...... .................... 181

The Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory:Frank R. Lillie.Reviewed by Charles A. Kofoid .182

SCIENTIFIC BOOK REGISTER.182

Communications relative to advertising should be addressedto THEo. J. CHRISTuN8saN Massachusetts and Nebraska Ave-nues, Washington 16, D. C.

Communications relative to membership in the Asociationand to all matters of business of the Association should beaddressed to the Permanent Secretary, A.A.A.S., SmithsonianInstitution Building, Washington 25, D. C.Annual subecription, $6.00 Single copies, 15 cents

Entered as second-lass matter July 18, 1928 at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879.

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February 8, 1946 179

February 8, 1946

Mendel himself. The progenies of different hybrid plantsvaried even in Mendel's experiments much beyond theratio 3: 1. Thus, in the offspring of one plant therewere 19 yellow and 20 green seeds, and of another plant-only a single green for 30 yellow ones" (p. 55).

Lysenko's ideas on reproduction and development de-rive, as did those of Darwin and Spencer and Michurin,not from experimentally ascertained facts but from theneed for a mechanism by which another supposed fact,the inheritance of acquired characters, may be explained.The need for such a mechanism disappeared with thefailure of proof of the inheritance of acquired charac-ters. No new proofs are given in this book.

It has been apparent for a long time that Mendelianheredity, as the orderly transmission of relatively stableunits (genes) and the inheritance of direct effects of theenvironment or of training and similar modificationscould not both be true. Lysenko clearly believes theevidence for the latter to be more convincing than thatfor Mendelian heredity. While that view was possible inthe Nineteenth Century and to those who ignore themodern facts of heredity, it is strange to encounterso crude a restatement of it in a country where suchstriking progress in genetics was made as in the USSRbetween 1920 and 1940. It seems an anachronism some-what like the denial of the facts of evolution over largeareas of a country as progressive as the USA. In bothcases the causes of such attitudes seem to those outsidethe country to be obscure and puzzling. In both casesalso the scientific position of the country is so strongthat the heterodox views of small minority groups maysafely be left to the judgment of time and progress.

L. C. DUNNColumbia University

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