Homework from last Homework from last class:class:Complete the blue Ch. 10.1 Temperature,

Thermal Energy, and Heat worksheet

Temperature, Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Thermal Energy, and HeatHeatChapter 10.1pp. 424-431

Introduction to Temperature, Introduction to Temperature, Thermal Energy, and HeatThermal Energy, and Heat

Do all these statements refer to the same idea?

In fact….they don’t!

This classroom is

freezing!

This pizza is too hot!

It feels so warm

outside!

temperaturethermal

energy

heat

Note:Note:Terms in green are definitions

– these are key terms to know

Terms in blue are important words or concepts – please make note

Kinetic molecular theory (aka KMT): the theory that all matter is made up of particles (atoms and molecules) moving constantly in random directions

Kinetic energy: the energy of a particle due to its motion.

When particles collide, kinetic energy is transferred between them (like how a bowling ball transfers energy to the bowling pins it hits)

p. 424

Kinetic Molecular TheoryKinetic Molecular Theory

solid

liquid

gas

The particles of a substance move differently depending on the state of the substance. In solids, particles vibrate slightly but do not change position. In liquids, particles vibrate more and move around within a set volume. In gases, particles vibrate greatly and move around to take all volume available.

p. 424

Kinetic Molecular TheoryKinetic Molecular Theory

Temperature: the measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles in a sample of matter.

• The movement of particles is what we measure as temperature.

• Temperature is measured using 3 different temperature scales:

Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin

TemperatureTemperature

Fahrenheit: 1st invented scale

Celsius: Waterfreezing point = 0°C boiling point = 100°C

Kelvin: scale based on absolute zero (where particles have no kinetic energy)

pp. 425 - 426

Thermal EnergyThermal EnergyThermal energy: the total energy of all the particles in a substance.

Thermal energy = all kinetic energy + all potential energy

Kinetic energy: the energy of a particle due to its motion

Potential energy: the stored energy of an object or particle due to its position or state

pp. 426

HeatHeatHeat: the amount thermal energy that transfers from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature.

p. 427

Heat flow:hot stove element the frying pan egg

Example: Cooking an egg

Bill Nye the Science Guy - Bill Nye the Science Guy - HeatHeathttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1eAOygDP5s

Heat TransferHeat TransferHeat can be transferred in 3 ways:

p. 427-431

Conduction

Convection

Radiation

Activity - Heat TransferActivity - Heat Transfer1) I will divide you into 3 different groups.

Group 1 will examine conductionGroup 2 will examine convectionGroup 3 will examine radiation

2) Jot down some notes on your assigned form of heat transfer. Give an example of this form of heat transfer.

3) After 5 minutes, I will put you in groups of 3.

4) Tell your 2 group members about your assigned form of heat transfer. Take notes on theirs.

Heat TransferHeat TransferConduction: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Example:

Heat TransferHeat TransferConvection: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Example:

Heat TransferHeat TransferRadiation: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Example:

Thermal Energy TransferThermal Energy TransferConduction: the transfer of heat by direct contact

• Heat is transferred from matter with a higher temperature and greater kinetic energy to matter with lower temperature and less kinetic energy.

Example: a cold spoon warms up when placed in a cup of hot coffee

• Thermal conductors (such as metals) transfer heat easily.

• Insulators (such as wood and air) do not transfer heat easily.

Convection: the transfer of heat in fluids (liquids and gases)

• Convection is the movement of heat from hot to cold within a fluid

Example: a lava lamp

• Due to a difference in density, hot fluid (low density) moves to cold fluid (high density).

• Convection current: the movement of a fluid caused by density differences.

Demo – Convection Demo – Convection CurrentsCurrentsMake a sketch of the convection

current:

Radiation: the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves that carry radiant energy

• Heat radiation = infrared radiation.

Example: Feeling warm when standing next to a campfire

• Solar radiation: the transfer of radiant energy from the sun

Earth’s energy sources:

1.Solar radiation - visible light, infrared radiation, and other types of radiation

2.Residual thermal energy from when the Earth was formed is slowly released

3.Decay of underground radioactive elements produces energy

Homework for next class:Homework for next class:Complete “Thermal energy, kinetic energy,

and potential energy” worksheet (p. 181 in BC Science 10 workbook)

Complete “Thermal energy transfer” worksheet

(p. 182 in BC Science 10 workbook)

Read over class notes and check out the class blog: http://msoonscience.blogspot.com/

Have a great weekend!

Works CitedWorks CitedImages taken from the following sources:http://helpmyphysics.co.uk/wordpress/?cat=1

http://www.edulinks.stcronans.ie/physical_processes.html

http://science.taskermilward.org.uk/Mod1/Mod3/Mod3_5.htm

http://eppliancesavings.com/?cat=6

http://him-ivan.blogspot.com/2011/01/chap-9-love-caffeine.html

http://greenbydesign.com/2008/12/30/insulation/

http://studycasts.wikispaces.com/Thermal+Energy+and+Heat+Videos