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SchizophreniaA group of severe
disorders characterized by…
•disorganized and delusional thinking
•disturbed perceptions
•inappropriate emotions and behaviorsOften linked to the Often linked to the
neurotransmitter neurotransmitter dopaminedopamine
How Prevalent is How Prevalent is Schizophrenia?Schizophrenia?
• About 1 in every 100 people are diagnosed with schizophrenia.
SymptomsSymptoms
OfOf
SchizophreniaSchizophrenia
Disorganized Thinking• Fragmented, bizarre and distorted with
false beliefs.
• Comes from a breakdown in selective attention (sensory adaptation)
• they cannot filter out information.
Often causes……
Delusions (false beliefs)
Delusions of Persecution
Delusions of Grandeur
Disturbed Perceptions• HallucinationsHallucinations
– sensory experiences without sensory stimulation
– Most often are auditoryauditory– Can be visual or tactile (feeling something)
Inappropriate Emotions and Actions
• Laugh at inappropriate times.
• Flat Effect – no emotions
• Senseless, compulsive acts • Word salad• Catatonia
– motionless • Waxy Flexibility
Symptoms of Schizophrenia are put into one of two categories
• Positive SymptomsPositive Symptoms– When symptoms are present like
hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior
• Negative SymptomsNegative Symptoms– When aspects of behavior are deficit or
missing • like apathy or lack of facial expression of emotions
Positive SymptomsPositive Symptoms==
Something is thereSomething is there
Negative SymptomsNegative Symptoms==
Something is absentSomething is absent
Types of Types of SchizophreSchizophre
niania
Paranoid Schizophrenia
• preoccupation with paranoid delusions or hallucinations. – Somebody is out to
get me!!!!
Disorganized Schizophrenia
• disorganized speech or behavior• flat or inappropriate emotion• Usually visibly disturbed• Thought to have “gone mad”
Catatonic Schizophrenia
• Mostly catatonic effect
• Parrot like repeating of another’s speech and movements
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia• Many and varied Symptoms.
• Doesn’t seem to fit with the other types
Causes of Causes of Schizophrenia Genetic FactorsGenetic Factors
An identical twin has a 45-50% chance of An identical twin has a 45-50% chance of having schizophreniahaving schizophrenia
Biochemical ImbalancesBiochemical Imbalances Imbalances of dopamineImbalances of dopamine Too many or too sensitive dopamine Too many or too sensitive dopamine
receptorsreceptors Brain AbnormalitiesBrain Abnormalities