Scaling up Renewable Energy in India

D P SDr. Praveen SaxenaAdvisor

MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGYGovernment of India

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO

TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY 2,34,843 MW TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY 2,34,843 MW (Jan, 2014)

GROSS GENERATION 911 BUs ( 2012 13)GROSS GENERATION 911 BUs ( 2012-13)

PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION 879 kWh / Annum(2011-12)

ENERGY SHORTAGE about 4.1 %ENERGY SHORTAGE about 4.1 %(June 2013)

PEAKING SHORTAGE about 4 5 %PEAKING SHORTAGE about 4.5 %

Indian Power Sector at a GlanceT t l t ll d t 2 34 843 MWTotal installed capacity : 2,34,843 MW

Thermal Hydro Gas Renewable Nuclear1,39,413 39, 893 20,380 30,177 4980

• Renewable contributes 30,177 MW – 12.96%f k l h d d • If we take large hydro under RE – 30%

Renewable Power Potential

S. Resource Estimated PotentialNo. (In MW.)

1. Wind Power (as per C-WET estimates at 80 m hub height) ~ 100,0002 Solar Energy > 100 000 2. Solar Energy > 100,000

30-50 MW/ sq. km.3. Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW) 20,0004 Bio Power: 4. Bio-Power:

Agro-Residues 17,000Cogeneration - Bagasse 5,000Waste to Energy: - Municipal Solid Waste to Energy - Industrial Waste to Energy

2,6001,280

T t l 2 45 880Total >2,45,880

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Plan wise Renewable Power Growth Beginning

of10th Plan

Beginning of

11th Plan

Achievements during 11th

Plan

Cumulative Achievements

up to 31.3.2012

1.4.2002(MW)

1.4.2007(MW

2007-2012 (MW)

p

(MW)

Wind 1,628 7,092 10,260 17,352

Small Hydro

1,434 1,976 1,419 3,395Hydro

Bio power 389 1,184 2041 3,225

Solar 2 3 939 941Solar 2 3 939 941

Total 3,453 10,255 14,660 24,914

Indian Renewable Energy at a GlanceTotal Installed capacity 29 536 MWTotal Installed capacity 29,536 MW

Renewables constitute about 12.96 % of the total power generation installed capacity in the country 6

GRID INTERACTIVE RENEWABLE POWER

Deployment of renewable power during the 11th Plan(2007-2012) has made it the second largest source after(2007 2012) has made it the second largest source afterconventional power.

A target of 14,000 MW capacity addition was achievedduring 2007-2012 (the 11th Plan)during 2007-2012 (the 11 Plan).

fA capacity addition of 30,000 MW is being targetedduring the 12th Plan (2012-17)

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Renewable Energy ProgrammesRenewable Energy Programmes

The Programmes and Schemes of the Ministry are classified in f llfollowing Five Groups:

Grid Interactive and Distributed Renewable PowerGrid Interactive and Distributed Renewable Power

Grid - Interactive

Off id p t Off-grid power systems

Renewable Energy for Rural applications

bl f b d l l lRenewable Energy for Urban, Industrial & commercial applications

Research , Design, & Development in RE

Renewable Energy: CredentialsRenewable Energy: Credentials

f h lHarnessed 12.27% of the estimated potential

5th Position in overall RE Capacity Installations world-wide

5th largest Wind installed capacity world-wide

2nd l t b f i t ll d Bi pl t 2nd largest number of installed Biogas plants

6 million decentralized systems in useRenewable is the second largest source of power generation after thermal.

Wind PowerPotential : 100,000 MW

(as per C-WET estimates at 80 m hub height)

Achievement : 20,298 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 9,000 MW / 10,260 MWg(2007-12)

Deployment target 12th Plan : 15,000 MW.(2012-17)

Strategy:

GBI scheme reviewed and continued during 12th Pland b b ll dWind Resource activities to be substantially increased.

Evacuation infrastructure to be developed.Separate RPO for wind. Enforce RPO. Make REC work.p d

Small Hydro Power

Potential : 20,000 MW

Achievement : 3,774 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 1400 MW / 1419 MW(2007-12)

Deployment target 12th Plan : 2100 MW.(2012-17)

St t gStrategy:

Private sector participation

Performance based incentivisation for State sector / NE

Small plants to get higher support.

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p g g pp

Bio-Energy Technologiesgy g

Biomass CombustionBiomass used in boilers to generate heat/ steam to drive turbine for Biomass used in boilers to generate heat/ steam to drive turbine for generating electricity.

Biomass Cogenerationl f h lSimultaneous production of heat / steam and electricity

These technologies are fairly well established in the country. Efficiencies ofboilers / turbines comparable to best in the worldboilers / turbines comparable to best in the world.

Biomass GasificationConversion of woody and non-woody biomass such as Rice husk, cottonConversion of woody and non woody biomass such as Rice husk, cottonstalks, wood chips etc. to producer gas

Technology successfully developed indigenously.

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Biomass Power

Potential : 17000 MW

Achievement : 1285 MW Achievement : 1285 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 500 MW/ 626 MW(2007-12)(2007 12)

Deployment target 12th Plan : 500 MW.(2012-17)

Strategy:

Promotion of small capacity biomass projects with p y p jbiomass linkage and captive plantations.

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Bagasse Cogeneration g gPotential : 5000 MW

Achievement : 2512 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 1200 MW/ 1369 MW11 Plan Target/ Achievement: 1200 MW/ 1369 MW(2007-12)

Deployment target 12th Plan : 1400 MW.(2012-17)

Strategy:

Promotion of BOOT/BOLT model in cooperative sector sugar millssugar mills.

Promotion of optimum cogeneration potential in small size sugar mills (<2500 TCD).

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Solar Energy and Solar Mission

Potential : 30-50 MW/ sq. km

Achievement : 2,208 MW

Over 1.9 million SPV Systems installed / distributed

2010 13 Target : 1100 MW Achievement 1684 MW2010-13 Target : 1100 MW Achievement 1684 MW

Target for 12th Plan : 4000 MW.Target for 12 Plan : 4000 MW.(2013-17)

Target for 13th Plan : 15000 MW.(2017-22)

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Solar MissionSolar Mission

T t Targets 20,000 MW grid by 2022

2.000 MW off-grid by 2022g d y20 million households covered by solar lighting20 m sq meter of solar thermal

Objectives Achieve grid parity by 2022Increase domestic manufacturing capacityIncrease domestic manufacturing capacityDevelop eco system for solar industryDevelop manpowerS t R & D

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Support R & D

Solar Photovoltaic

International and National Status in Solar Cellnt nat na and at na Stat n S a CJapan, Germany, Australia and USA are the leading countries in research in SPV 

Type of Solar cell International Status Indian StatusProduction (R&D)

Crystalline silicon solar cell

Production : 17-19% Production : 14.5 -17%a

(mono/multi) R&D Lab: 24-25% R&D Lab: 19.7%

Thin-film solar cellThin film solar cella-SiliconCd TeCIGS

6-9% (13%)16.7%19 4%

5 – 8% (9 – 12%) (12%)(13%)CIGS 19.4% (13%)

Dye/ organic solar cells

10.4% / 5,15% 9.5% / 3%cells

R&D Strategy for Solar research in India gy

R&D in SPV and Solar thermal has been undertaken since late seventies

Renewed Thrust on R&D in JNN Solar Mission

R&D thrust areas are identified to achieve technical and cost goals

Centers of Excellence created in research, education, Testing and

Characterization

Industry involvement and Consortia approach promoted including

partners from both India & abroad

Technology incubation and Validation

International collaborations

Recent Initiatives in SPV R&D

Development of poly silicon material (Maharishi Solar)

20 -22% efficiency single crystal silicon cells (IIT-Mumbai)

10 – 12% efficiency nano cystalline thin film modules10 12% efficiency nano cystalline thin film modules(IACS-Kolkata, HHV-Bangalore, NPL-Delhi, BES University,-Howrah)

12- 15% efficiency CIGS cells (Moser Baer. NPL, IIT Kanpur)y p

10- 12 % efficiency Dye sensitized cells (Amrita Nano Centre, IIT-Kanpur)

ff h ll5% efficiency organic-inorganic hetero junction cells (IIT-Delhi, Delhi University)

50 MW solar energy project Phalodi, Jodhpur, Rajasthan under JNNSM

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R&D in Solar Thermal Systemsy

Indigenous development of Solar Water Heating systems and Solar Cookers and full commercialization Well established manufacturing baseCookers and full commercialization. Well established manufacturing base.

Second generation technology developed using Selective coating absorbersabsorbers

Number of modes developed for Solar Box type and concentrating dish cookers.cookers.

Scheffler cookers for indoor cooking for large kitchens.

Concentrator technologies for steam generation and industrial process heat applications

1 MW Solar Thermal Power - testing, research & simulation facility being set up at SEC

through IIT Bombay & Industry consortium

Combination of different collector technologies Direct and indirect steam generation to be demonstrated Direct and indirect steam generation to be demonstrated

Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector  Parabolic Trough 

Solar Dish Concentrator-an indigenous development project- MWS and SEC

Solar thermal Stirling engines (3 units of 3 kW each) performance evaluationat SEC jointly with ONGC Energy Research Centre)

CRISP Tower(Collaborative Research Initiative in Solar Power Tower)(Collaborative Research Initiative in Solar Power Tower)with Sun Borne Energy

Critical componentsReceiverHeliostat designgThermal storageSolar power tower controls

Electricity & Cold Storage for Remote Rural Applications (SEC, Thermax, TERI), ,

•Electricity from biomass gasifiery m ma ga•Cooling from engine exhaust•Solar concentrators during solar hours

IMD and MNRE Network of Ground Measurements of Solar Radiation FacilitiesMeasurements of Solar Radiation Facilities

Solar ManufacturingSolar Manufacturing

World‐class manufacturing companiesWorld class manufacturing companies

Major global companies setting up base due to National j g p g pSolar Mission

Annual production capacity 750 MW of PV Cells

1250 MW of PV Modules1250 MW of PV Modules

Mega Capacity Solar Parks under progress

Decentralized RE SystemsDecentralized RE Systems

Family Type Biogas systems 47.10 Lakh

Solar Water Heating Systems 7.51 million sq. m

Solar Cookers 6.98 Lakh

Villages Electrification 9553

Technical InstitutionsTechnical Institutions

Solar Energy Centre

C t f Wi d E g T h l gCentre for Wind Energy Technology

Solar Energy Corporation of India

National Institute of Renewable EnergyAlternate Hydro Energy Centre Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (A Dept. of IIT Roorkee working in close co-operation with MNRE on small hydro)

Next Five Year Projections(Installed Capacities in MW )p

Source Installed capacity

Capacity addition Target

Target installed capacity in capacity

In March, 2012

addition Target for

2012-17

capacity in 2017

W d 17 352 15 000 32 500 Wind power 17,352 15,000 32,500 Small Hydro 3,395 2,100 5,500 Biomass Power 1 150 500 1 700Biomass Power 1,150 500 1,700BagasseCogeneration 1,985 1,500 3,500 g aWaste to Power 90 700 800Solar Power 941 10,000 10,900TOTAL 24,914 29,800 54,900

Contribution of Renewables after h12th Plan ( 2017)

At the end of 12th Plan,

•the total power generation capacity of the country is expected to be 318,800 MW

Renewables are expected to contribute about 17% in this capacity (55,000 MW) p y

and

Over 9% in the electricity mix

Renewable Energy in 2017gy

RE capacity is likely to cross 30,000 MW by the end of 2013-f l14 and 55,000 MW by 2017 (17% of total Capacity)

Th t t ib ti f 6% i l t i it i i lik lThe current contribution of 6% in electricity mix is likelyto go up to 9% in 2017.

Wind power capacity is likely to cross 33,000 MW

Solar power capacity likely to cross 10,000 MW if targets under JNNSM are to be achieved

Renewable Energy in 2017gy

De-centralised applications of solar, biogas, cook stove would bed dwide spread.

Energy Access in rural areas is a priority – target 5000 villages

New avenues of setting up micro hydel projects based on velocityof water on rivers / canals are emerging

Waste to energy would be a viable option

Bio energy based power generation would be an attractive optionfor village electrification and economic activities

More application of hydrogen / fuel cells would be developed

Thank you