Scaffold Fabrication in Tissue Engineering

27. August 2008

Institut für MehrphasenprozesseProf. Dr.-Ing. B. Glasmacher, MSc.Callinstraße 3630167 Hannover

Ian Ghanavati

22 April 2019

Tissue Engineering• A multidisciplinary field that seeks to repair, replace, maintain, or

improve tissue and organ function• Focuses on the interaction of cells and scaffolds

– Scaffolds mimic the extracellular matrix– Cells are seeded onto scaffolds to grow and proliferate

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[1]

Scaffold Fabrication• Mimic the extracellular matrix• Engineered to cause desirable cellular interactions, such as:

– Cell attachment, cell migration, cell proliferation, mechanical strength, nutrient/biochemical factor diffusion

• Made from a variety of materials, both natural and synthetic– Natural: Collagen, Synthetic: polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol

(PEO)

• Created using a variety of techniques– Electrospinning– Freeze Drying

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Electrospinning

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• Process parameters: solution properties, electric potential, flow rate, distance, needle gauge, collector design, ambient parameters

• Types: Blend electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning

[2] [3]

Blend Electrospinning

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Coaxial Electrospinning

Blend Fiber Mats25 kV

250 rpm

PCL/PEO 1:3

PCL/PEO 1:1

PCL/PEO 3:1

40 min

60 min

80 min

4 ml/hr

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Blend Results - ThicknessPCL/PEO 1:3 40 min

PCL/PEO 1:3 60 min

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Blend Results - Fiber DiameterPCL/PEO 1:3 40 min

PCL 60min

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Blend Results - RAMANPEO

PCL/PEO 1:3

PCL

PCL/PEO 3:1

PCL/PEO 1:1

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[4]

CoAxial Fiber Mats

25 kV

250 rpm

PCL/PEO 1:3

PCL/PEO 1:1

PCL/PEO 3:1

TFE

H2O (PEO)

60 min

2 ml/hr2 ml/hr

3 ml/hr1 ml/hr

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Coaxial Results

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Freeze Dry Scaffolds

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Freeze Dry Scaffolds

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Freeze Dry Results

10% PCL Scaffold 15% PCL Scaffold 20% PCL Scaffold

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Freeze Dry Results[5]

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Freeze Dry Scaffolds

+Advantages:+Relatively straightforward method+Proven with a variety of polymers6

+High pore interconnectivity6

-Disadvantages:-Long processing time6

-Small and irregular pore size6

-More difficult manipulation

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References[1] Noh S, Myung N, Park M, et al. (2017). 3D Bioprinting for Tissue Engineering. Clinical Regenerative Medicine in Urology, 105-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2723-9_5[2] Li Y, Bou-Akl T. (2016). Electrospinning in Tissue Engineering. IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/65836[3] Zander N, Orlicki J, Rawlett A, Beebe T. (2010). Surface-modified nanofibrous biomaterial bridge for the enhancement and control of neurite outgrowth. Biointerphases, 5(4): 149-158. DOI: 10.1116/1.3526140[4] Elashmawi I, Gaabour L. (2015) Raman, morphology and electrical behavior of nanocomposites based on PEO/PVDF with Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes. Results in Physics. DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2015.04.005[5] Korczyc A, Warowicka A, Jasiurkowska D, et al. (2016). Antimicrobial electrospun poly(3-caprolactone) scaffolds for gingival fibroblast growth. RSC Advances, 6. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02486f[6] Garg T, Singh O, Arora S, Murthy R.S.R. (2012) Scaffold: A Novel Carrier for Cell and Drug Delivery. Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems,29:1-63.

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Experience in Germany

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Differences• Public Transportation• Graffiti• Green Space

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Food

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Beer

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Ice Cream

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Architecture

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Architecture

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Art

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Thanks!

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AcknowledgementsThank you to M.Eng. Sara Leal Marin, Glynn Galloway, Prof. Dr. Glasmacher, the IMP, Kristina and Uta for the support this summer!

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