Savasana_to_Adultery

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Samkhya Meets Science

The Sensation and Feeling of Yoga Poses

Samkhya Meets Science

The Sensation and Feeling of Yoga Poses

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The Dharasana of Pantanjali & ThurstoneThe Dharasana of Pantanjali & ThurstoneSamkhya: Judgements are the result of the ego (Ahamkara) coloring the intellectual (Buddhi) understanding of the mind organ’s (Manas) processing of the perceptual senses reaction to 5 subtle elements (sound, touch, color, taste, odor potentials) composed of the atoms of the 5 gross elements (ether, air, fire, water, earth)

Patanjali’s sutra 1.2: Yogascitta vritta nirodha.

.

Samkhya: Judgements are the result of the ego (Ahamkara) coloring the intellectual (Buddhi) understanding of the mind organ’s (Manas) processing of the perceptual senses reaction to 5 subtle elements (sound, touch, color, taste, odor potentials) composed of the atoms of the 5 gross elements (ether, air, fire, water, earth)

Patanjali’s sutra 1.2: Yogascitta vritta nirodha.

.

Science: The Ego represses unwanted desires and impulses during cognitive processing as shown in RT judgments.

Mechanical energy impinges on sensory neurons and is transmitted to the sensory cortex via the thalamus which is involved in attention, memory, learning

Thurstone (1927) The stochastic mind.

Link (1992) Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity

Science: The Ego represses unwanted desires and impulses during cognitive processing as shown in RT judgments.

Mechanical energy impinges on sensory neurons and is transmitted to the sensory cortex via the thalamus which is involved in attention, memory, learning

Thurstone (1927) The stochastic mind.

Link (1992) Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity

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The Sensation of Line LengthThe Sensation of Line Length

Sensation

Line Length (inches)

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Thurstone’s TheoryThurstone’s Theory

-6.00 -4.00 -2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.000.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

Thurstone's Distribution of Comparative Dif-ferences

Psychological Differences

Pro

bab

ilit

y D

en

sit

y

Psychological Difference > 0, then Respond “More Difficult”

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The Sensation of StevensThe Sensation of Stevens

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

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Stevens' Magnitude Estimation of Muscle Force

Force in lbs

Dir

ect

Mag

nit

ud

e E

sti

mati

on

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Thurstone’s Seriousness of CrimesThurstone’s Seriousness of Crimes

Vagra

ncy

Bootleg

ging

Burgla

ry

Perju

ry

Adulter

y

Seduct

ion

Hom

icid

e

Rape

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Seri

ou

sn

ess o

f C

rim

e (

Sen

sati

on

Un

its)

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The ProcedureThe Procedure1. Using a watch or timer, move into the first pose and hold

the pose for 20 seconds.2. Pause for 30 seconds3. Move into the second pose and hold for 20 seconds.4. Spend 30 seconds contemplating which pose 'FELT' more

difficult. 5. Record your judgment.6. Repeat for 9 more days

1. Using a watch or timer, move into the first pose and hold the pose for 20 seconds.

2. Pause for 30 seconds3. Move into the second pose and hold for 20 seconds.4. Spend 30 seconds contemplating which pose 'FELT' more

difficult. 5. Record your judgment.6. Repeat for 9 more days

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Experimental DesignExperimental Design

Day Randomized Stimuli Subject

1 (7,3) 12 (4,5) 1

* * *

Comparison Stimulus1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Standard Stimulus

Virabhadrasana 1 (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) (1,6) (1,7) (1,8)

Virabhadrasana 2 (2,1) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6) (2,7) (2,8)

Virabhadrasana 3 (3,1) (3,2) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6) (3,7) (3,8)

Trikonasana (4,1) (4,2) (4,3) (4,5) (4,6) (4,7) (4,8)

Ardha Chandrasana (5,1) (5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,6) (5,7) (5,8)

Parsvakonasana (6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) (6,7) (6,8)

Parvritta Trikonasana (7,1) (7,2) (7,3) (7,4) (7,5) (7,6) (7,8)

Parvritta Parsvakonasana (8,1) (8,2) (8,3) (8,4) (8,5) (8,6) (8,7)

Design Requirements

28 stimuli280 Judgements

28 Subjects

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Down the Rabbit HoleDown the Rabbit Hole

Sensation = a ln (Pose 1 intensity/Pose 2 Intensity) (Fechner, 1860)

Sensation = k (Pose Intensity)E (Stevens, 1960)

Wave Theory (Link, 1992) postulates that the external and internal worlds are represented as Poisson distributed wave forms and that discrimination and magnitude estimation judgments result from mental processing of wave forms.

Sensation = A ln (Pose 1 Wave Amplitude / Pose 2 Wave Amplitude)

Feeling = (Pose 1 Wave Amplitude / Pose 2 Wave Amplitude) A

Sensation = a ln (Pose 1 intensity/Pose 2 Intensity) (Fechner, 1860)

Sensation = k (Pose Intensity)E (Stevens, 1960)

Wave Theory (Link, 1992) postulates that the external and internal worlds are represented as Poisson distributed wave forms and that discrimination and magnitude estimation judgments result from mental processing of wave forms.

Sensation = A ln (Pose 1 Wave Amplitude / Pose 2 Wave Amplitude)

Feeling = (Pose 1 Wave Amplitude / Pose 2 Wave Amplitude) A

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont..iDown the Rabbit Hole cont..i

Number of JudgementsComparison Stimulus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sum

Standard

Stimulus

(1) Virabhadrasana 1 12 10 7 29

(2) Virabhadrasana 2 9 10 10 10 10 49

(3) Virabhadrasana 3 11 11 10 32

(4) Trikonasana 10 10 10 10 40

(5) Ardha Chandrasana 10 12 22

(6) Parsvakonasana 10 10 10 12 42

(7) Parvritta Trikonasana

10 12 11 33

(8) Parvritta Parsvakonasana

10 11 11 10 42

Sum40 20 41 34 52 31 39 32 289

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont…iiDown the Rabbit Hole cont…ii

Probability Standard > Comparison

Comparison Stimulus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg

Standard

Stimulus

(1) Virabhadrasana 1 0.78 0.18 0.42 0.40 0.30 0.29 0.40 -

(2) Virabhadrasana 2 0.22 0.40 0.50 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.50 -

(3) Virabhadrasana 3 0.82 0.60 0.50 0.64 0.50 0.10 0.73 -

(4) Trikonasana 0.58 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.40 -

(5) Ardha Chandrasana 0.60 0.70 0.36 0.50 0.20 0.27 0.25 -

(6) Parsvakonasana 0.70 0.80 0.50 1.00 0.80 0.42 0.27 -


0.71 0.70 0.90 1.00 0.73 0.58 0.50 -


0.60 0.50 0.27 0.60 0.75 0.73 0.50 -

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont…iiiDown the Rabbit Hole cont…iii

Z ScoresComparison Stimulus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg

Standard

Stimulus

(1) Virabhadrasana 1 0.76-

0.91-

0.21-

0.25-

0.52-

0.57-

0.25-0.28

(2) Virabhadrasana 2-

0.76

-0.25

0.00-

0.52-

0.84-

0.520.00 -0.42

(3) Virabhadrasana 3 0.91 0.25 0.00 0.35 0.00-

1.280.60 0.12

(4) Trikonasana 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00-

3.00-

3.00-

0.25-0.86

(5) Ardha Chandrasana 0.25 0.52-

0.350.00

-0.84

-0.60

-0.67

-0.24

(6) Parsvakonasana 0.52 0.84 0.00 3.00 0.84 -

0.21-

0.600.63


0.57 0.52 1.28 3.00 0.60 0.21 0.00 0.88


0.25 0.00-

0.600.25 0.67 0.60 0.00 0.17

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont…ivDown the Rabbit Hole cont…iv

Estimated ProbabilitiesComparison Stimulus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg

Standard

Stimulus

(1) Virabhadrasana 1 0.55 0.35 0.72 0.49 0.18 0.12 0.33 -

(2) Virabhadrasana 2 0.45 0.30 0.67 0.43 0.15 0.10 0.28 -

(3) Virabhadrasana 3 0.65 0.70 0.84 0.64 0.31 0.22 0.48 -

(4) Trikonasana 0.28 0.33 0.16 0.27 0.07 0.04 0.15 -

(5) Ardha Chandrasana 0.51 0.57 0.36 0.73 0.19 0.13 0.34 -

(6) Parsvakonasana 0.82 0.85 0.69 0.93 0.81 0.40 0.68 -


0.88 0.90 0.78 0.96 0.87 0.60 0.76 -


0.67 0.72 0.52 0.85 0.66 0.32 0.24 -

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont…vDown the Rabbit Hole cont…v

Predicted Z ScoresComparison Stimulus

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Avg

Standard

Stimulus

(1) Virabhadrasana 1 0.14 -0.40 0.58 -0.04-0.91-1.16-0.45 -0.32

(2) Virabhadrasana 2 -0.14 -0.53 0.45 -0.17-1.04-1.30-0.58 -0.47

(3) Virabhadrasana 3 0.40 0.53 0.98 0.36 -0.51-0.76-0.05 0.14

(4) Trikonasana -0.58-0.45-0.98 -0.62-1.49-1.75-1.03 -0.99

(5) Ardha Chandrasana 0.04 0.17 -0.36 0.62 -0.87-1.13-0.41 -0.28

(6) Parsvakonasana 0.91 1.04 0.51 1.49 0.87 -0.26 0.46 0.72


1.16 1.30 0.76 1.75 1.13 0.26 0.72 1.01


0.45 0.58 0.05 1.03 0.41 -0.46-0.72 0.19

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Down the Rabbit Hole cont…viDown the Rabbit Hole cont…vi

StimuliSensatio

n

Estimated

Sensation

(1) Virabhadrasana 1

-0.28 -0.32


-0.42 -0.47


0.12 0.14

(4) Trikonasana -0.86 -0.99

(5) Ardha Chandrasana

-0.24 -0.28

(6) Parsvakonasana

0.63 0.72


0.88 1.01


0.17 0.19

Sensation Feeling

Savasana -3.08 1.00

Ordered Stimuli (Sensation)

Sensation Feeling

Savasana - 1

Trikonasana -0.99 8

Virabhadrasana 2 -0.47 14

Virabhadrasana 1 -0.32 16

Ardha Chandrasana -0.28 17

Virabhadrasana 3 0.14 25

Parvritta Parsvakonasana

0.19 26

Parsvakonasana 0.72 45

Parvritta Trikonasana

1.01 60

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Summary of Data AnalysisSummary of Data Analysis

Ordered Stimuli (Sensation)

Difficulty of Asana

Seriousness of Crime

Feeling Iyengar

Savasana 0.0 1 -

Vagrancy 0.0 1 -

Bootlegging 1.9 7 -

Trikonasana 2.1 8 3

Virabhadrasana 2 2.6 14 1

Burglary 2.7 15 -


Ardha Chandrasana 2.8 17 5

Perjury 3.0 21 -


Parvritta Parsvakonasana 3.3 26 8

Adultery 3.7 42 -

Parsvakonasana 3.8 45 4

Seduction 4.0 57 -

Parvritta Trikonasana 4.1 60 5

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Savasana to SeductionSavasana to Seduction

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.50

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Feeling vs Difficulty of Asana & Seriousness of Crimes

Difficulty of Asana & Seriousness of Crimes

Feeli

ng

Parviritta TrikonasanaSeduction

ParsvakonasanaAdultery

Vira IIIPerjury

Ardha C Trikonasa

naBootleggi

ng

Savasana

Vagrancy

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DenouementDenouement

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.00

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400375330

Feeling vs Difficulty of Asana & Seriousness of Crimes

Difficulty of Asana (Seriousness of Crime)

Feeli

ng

MurderTiriang Mukhottanasana

Rape

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ReferencesReferences Karpiuk, P. K. (1994) Sensation and Feeling: A Wave

Theory Analysis. Ph.D. Dissertation, McMaster University.

Link. S.W. (1992) The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Hillsdale, NJ.

Thurstone, L. L. (1927a) A Law of comparative judgment. Psychological Review, 34, 273-286.

Thurstone, L. L. (1927b) The method of paired comparisons for social values. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 21, 384-400.

Stevens, S. S. (1957). On the psychophysical law. Psychological Review 64(3):153–181.

Karpiuk, P. K. (1994) Sensation and Feeling: A Wave Theory Analysis. Ph.D. Dissertation, McMaster University.

Link. S.W. (1992) The Wave Theory of Difference and Similarity, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Hillsdale, NJ.

Thurstone, L. L. (1927a) A Law of comparative judgment. Psychological Review, 34, 273-286.

Thurstone, L. L. (1927b) The method of paired comparisons for social values. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 21, 384-400.

Stevens, S. S. (1957). On the psychophysical law. Psychological Review 64(3):153–181.

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Savasana_to_Adultery