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PlantRC01
Purchasing
Org.STPO
Client
Purchasing
GroupSGP
Company
GIL
Distribution
Channel
Sales Office
Shipping
Point
Sales Org.
CreditControl
Area
Business
Area
Chart ofAccounts
LoadingPoint
Sales Group
Division
StorageLocatio
nMAIN
Control
Area
Sales Area*
Material (Purch. Org. connects via plant)
SAP Organizational Structures - Overview
PurchasingArea
SalesOrganization
DistributionChannel
Division
SALES & DISTRIBUTION
FINANCIAL
ClientBus. Area
2000
Bus. Area1000
CompanyGS
CompanyVC
CompanyRC
Bus. Area3000
MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
Company Code
Sto.Loc.MAINPlant
RC00 Sto. Loc.HIRA
PlantRC01
Sto. Loc.HIRB
PlantRC02
Company CodeRC
1000 2000 3000
10 10 1010
01 0101 020102 01
SAP Hierarchy Structure
Introduction to SAP Modules
• MM – Materials Management• PP – Production Planning • QM – Quality Management• PM – Plant Maintenance• FI – Financial Accounting• CO – Controlling
CompanyCodeRC
PlantRC01
StorageLocation- MAIN
StorageLocation- HIRA
PlantRC02
StorageLocation- MAIN
Inventory ManagementInventory Management
Inventory Management
CompanyCodeVC
Plant RC00Plant RC00 Plant RC01Plant RC01 Plant VC00Plant VC00 Plant VC01Plant VC01
PurchasingPurchasingOrganisatioOrganisatio
nnVCVC
PurchasingPurchasingOrganisatioOrganisatio
nn00010001
PurchasingPurchasingOrganisatioOrganisatio
nnRCRC
Purchasing Organisation Structure
CompanyCompanyCodeCodeRCRC
External LogisticsExternal LogisticsInternal Logistics (MRP/Production)Internal Logistics (MRP/Production)
PurchasingOrgRC
PlantVC00
Plant VC01
PurchasingOrgVC
Plant RC01
CompanyCodeRC
CompanyCodeVC
Plant VC02
Client 010Client 010
Purchasing(Purchasing Organisations Assigned to Company Codes)
External LogisticsExternal LogisticsInternal Logistics (MRP/Production)Internal Logistics (MRP/Production)
CompanyCodeRC
CompanyCodeVC
Plant VC00
Plant VC01
PurchasingOrganisation
GIL
Plant RC00
Client GILClient GIL
Central Purchasing Organisation(Purchasing Organisation Not Assigned to Company Code)
Supply Chain Management: The delivery of enhanced customer and economic valuethrough management of the flow of physical goods andassociated information.
Information Information FlowFlow
DemandDemand
Product FlowProduct Flow
SupplierSupplier PurchasingPurchasing ProductionProduction DistributionDistribution RetailingRetailing CustomerCustomer
FinancialFinancialControlControl
HumanHumanResourcesResources
MM Overview - The Integrated Supply Chain
Inventory Management
WarehouseManagement
Accounting
Requirement
Production(Internal Procurement)
Material RequirementsMaterial RequirementsPlanningPlanning
GoodsIssue
TransferPosting
Purchasing(External Procurement)
Goods Receipt
Sales and Distribution
InvoiceVerification
Invoice
DemandDemandStocksStocksForecastForecast
MM Overview: Procurement Cycle
Goods / ServiceReceipt
POCreated
InvoiceVerification Requirement
SourceDetermined
VendorSelected
PurchaseHistory
Invoice
PO
Delivery
MRPMRP
RFQRFQ
ContractContract
Payment
Source ListQuota ArrangementOutline AgreementInfo Record
External Procurement
Quote B
Quote A
VendorB
VendorA
PurchaseOrder
SchedulingAgreement
RFQRFQ
Purchase Requisition
Contract
Purchasing Documents
Stock Material withMaterial Master
Record
Update @ GR Time to STOCK ACCOUNT
Receive into Stock
Consumable Material with or withoutMaterial Master
Record
?? ACCOUNT
ASSIGNMENT ???? ACCOUNT
ASSIGNMENT ??
Enter Account Assignment Category
Automatic Account Assignment from
Material Master Data
Manual AccountAssignment - User
Must Enter Account Data
Update @ GR Time to CONSUMPTION or
ASSET ACCOUNT
Receive as Asset or Consume
Account Assignment Category
Release ConditionsRelease Conditions
ValueValueMaterial GroupMaterial GroupPlantPlant
Does a Strategy Apply?
Release IndicatorRelease Indicator
Released/Blocked for OrderingReleased/Blocked for OrderingReleased/Blocked for RFQReleased/Blocked for RFQFixed for MRPFixed for MRP
What can the Requisition be Released to?
Release StrategyRelease Strategy
Who is Authorised to Release?Who is Authorised to Release?In what Order must the In what Order must the Releasing Occur?Releasing Occur?What is the Release Indicator?What is the Release Indicator?
Who can do what?
Release CodeRelease Code
Two digit code associated withTwo digit code associated witha user IDa user ID
Who is Authorised to release?
Release Procedure
Purchasing
BlockedPurchase
Requisition
IndividualRequisition
Release
SingleRelease
Collective (Multiple)Requisition Release
Y N
Releasing Requisitions
Vendor Schema
Pur Org Schema
Purchase Order
Vendor NationalPur Org STPO
Condition Type: PB00
1. Outline Agreement2. Info Record
(Plant Specific)3. Info Record
Access Sequence: 0002
Pricing Procedure:RM0000
1. Price PB002. Discount RA01
Condition Records
Manual Conditions
OrderQuantity: 120
Item 10 120 PcsItem 10 120 PcsPB00PB00 Price: EUR 99Price: EUR 99
Scale50 for EUR100100 for EUR 99200 for EUR 98
Pricing in Purchasing
Vendor A Vendor B
Vendor A
Paymen
t
Invoice
Verification
Goods Recpt+ Goods Issue
PurchaseO
rder‘L’
Pur Req/Scheduling Agreement
Pur.
“Goods I
ssue”
BOM
Master
----- ------ ------------ - ----- --
------- ------- ---------
Product123
Purchase Order
Components
Delivery
Invoice
$Vendor A
Overview of Subcontracting
BILL OF MATERIAL SC Item 1 qty UOM0010 Component A 2 LB0020 Component B 1 each
PurchaseRequisitionItem Category LSubcontract Item 1 Component A Component B
PurchaseOrderItem Category LSubcontract Item 1 Component A Component B
SchedulingAgreement 2/26/1996 100 5/13/1996 50
Subcontracting Subcontracting Info RecordInfo Record PlantPlant
MONTMONT
Subcontracting in Purchasing
SubcontractPurchaseOrder
Unrestricted- Use Stock
Item 1
• GR for the End ProductGR for the End Product
• Component ConsumptionComponent Consumption
Item 1
SUBCONTRACTING VENDOR
Stock of MaterialProvided to Vendor
A A AB B
A
PlantPlantMONTMONT
Stock Quantity
Stock Quantity
Goods Receipt for the Subcontract Order
Vendor AVendor B
Vendor A
Paymen
t
Invoice
Verification
Goods Recpt+ Goods Issue
PurchaseO
rder‘L’
Pur Req/Scheduling Agreement
Pur.
“Goods Is
sue”
BOM
Master
----- ------ ------------ - ----- --
------- ------- ---------
Product123
P.O.
Components
Delivery
Invoice
$
ComponentComponentSubsequentSubsequentAdjustmentAdjustment
Adjust
3- + 4
NationalInvoice
10MXP100
GI forComponents
+
Subcontracting Settlement
Ad hoc.
Inventory Inventory
TransferPosting
GoodsIssue
GoodsIssue
Consumption Samples Sales Order
GoodsReceiptDelivery Production
Goods Movement
Inventory ManagementInventory Management
GoodsIssue
FromWarehouse
FromConsignment
MaterialDocument------ --------- ---- -- ---------- ------
Reservation------ --------- ---- -- ---------- ------
ProductionOrder
------ --------- ---- -- ---------- ------
BOM------ --------- ---- -- ---------- ------
To ConsumptionCost CentreAssetProjectSales Order
Scrap
Sampling
Goods Issue
RC
Company Code
VC
Company Code
PlantPlantRC00RC00
PlantPlantVC00VC00
Stor. Loc.Stor. Loc.HIRAHIRA
Stor. Loc.Stor. Loc.MAINMAIN
Stock Transfers
Stor. Loc.Stor. Loc.MAINMAIN
ConsignmentConsignmentStoreStore
Transfer Postings
Master
----- ------ ------------ - ----- --
------- ------- ---------
Product789
Master
----- ------ ------------ - ----- --
------- ------- ---------
Product123
UnrestrictedUnrestrictedUseUse
QualityQualityInspectionInspection
Transfer Posting
Open POsOpen POsProduction Production
OrdersOrdersReservationsReservations
WM StockWM StockMat. MovementsMat. MovementsDisplay MaterialDisplay Material
Material XYZUOM pc
Unrestricted Quality Reserved Use Inspection
Total 10,000 2,400 550
CC RC 10,000 2,400 550
RC00 6,600 2,000 0 MAIN 2,000 0 0 HIRA 2,000 1,500 0 HIRB 2,600 500 0
VC00 3,400 400 550 MAIN 400 200 0 HIRA 0 200 550 HIRB 3,000 0 0
Stock Overview
GoodsReceipt
PO
Invoice
Projects CostCentres Assets Material
MastersG/L
Accounts PO
MaterialMasters
PriceConditions
VendorMasters
InvoiceVerification
Invoice Verification
ManualPayment
PaymentProgram
Vendor A Vendor A Vendor B Vendor C
InvoiceIn
Check Bank Transfer
OR
InvoiceInInvoiceInInvoice
Payment Processing
Accounting Modules Overview The FI Module
- Accumulates accounting data related to external reporting.
- All accounting data generated by all other modules must ultimately be recorded within FI for financial reporting purposes.
The CO Module- Accumulates accounting data related to internal reporting, such as product
costing, budgeting and others.
Sub-Modules of FI
Accounts Receivable Accounts Payable General Ledger Special Purpose Ledger Asset Accounting Legal Consolidation Funds Management Travel Management
Real-time integration with the General Ledger Integration with Sales and Distribution (SD) and Materials Management
(MM) as a part of the Sales Cycle Integration with Treasury Credit Management Incoming Payment Processing Automatic Dunning Function
Accounts Receivable (FI-AR)
Real-time integration with General Ledger Integration with Materials Management as a part of the Procurement
Cycle Integration with Treasury Outgoing Payment Program Vendor Correspondence
Accounts Payable (FI-AP)
General Ledger (FI-GL)
Integrated with other application modules and FI sub-modules
Financial Data Entry User-defined balance sheet / profit and loss
statement versions Multiple Currencies Flexible Report Generator
ClientClient
CompanyCompanyCMDCMD
CompanyCompanyIDID
Client - Company ID - Company Code
CompanyCompanyCodeCode
CompanyCompanyCodeCode
CompanyCompanyCodeCode
CompanyCompanyCodeCode
CompanyCompanyCodeCode
RC VC CCCC DDDD EEEE
Company CodeCompany CodeFrito Lay
ClientClient PepsiCo
Company CodeCompany CodePepsi
Company CodeCompany CodeTaco Bell
Business AreaBusiness AreaSoft Drinks
Business AreaBusiness AreaSalty Snacks
Client - Company Code - Business Area
A master record contains information relating to an individual object that remains unchanged for a long period of time.
FI Master Data
CompanyCodeEU01
Client
Chart of AccountsCAEU
Chart of AccountsCAUS
CompanyCodeUS01
CompanyCodeUS02
CompanyCodeEU01
Chart of Accounts
Vendor Master Recordsare maintained in Materials Management(MM) and Financial Accounting (A/P)
Customer Master Records are maintained in Sales & Distribution (SD) andFinancial Accounting (A/R)
MMMM
FIFI
SDSD
Integration Points in Master Records
Sales OrderSales Order(SD)(SD)Inquiry / Quotation
Credit Check
Delivery NoteDelivery Note(SD)(SD)
Authorization to Ship
Credit Check
Goods IssueGoods Issue(MM)(MM)Credit Check
Inventory COGS
X X
FI
X
A/R Sales Revenue
Billing DocumentBilling Document(SD)(SD)
Invoice Sent
X
FI
Receive PaymentReceive Payment(FI)(FI)
A/R Cash
X X
Sales Cycle
Create Customer
Master Records
Display CustomerAccount Balances
IncomingPayment
Processing
CreditManagement
Display / ChangeCustomer Line Items
Dunning
FIAccounts Receivable (A/R)
Accounts Receivable in the Sales Cycle
A/P GR/IR
X X
A/P
X
Cash
X
PurchaseRequisition
(MM)
PurchaseOrder(MM)
Goods Receipt
(MM)
InvoiceVerification
(MM)
VendorPayment
(FI)
FI
Planned MRP PP SD Order Run Prod Sales
Order Order
Request for Quotation
Inventory
X
GR/IR
X
Quotation
FI
Procurement Cycle
PO
GR
Invoice
Create, Display and change
Vendor Master Records
Display VendorAccount Balances Process
OutgoingPayment
Display / ChangeVendor Line Items
Create VendorInvoices Manually
(no MM)
FIAccounts Payable (A/P)
Accounts Payable
Process Down Payment
and Credit Memo
Controlling with the CO system
R/3SDSD
MMMMPPPP
QAQAPMPM
HRHR
FIFICOCO
IMIM
PSPSWFWF
ISIS
Client/ServerABAP/4
COCOEC-EC-EISEIS
CO-CO-OPAOPA
CO-CO-CCACCA
CO-CO-ABCABC
EC-EC-PCAPCA
CO-CO-PCPC
CO-CO-PAPA
Reporting Requirements
External Accounting
Internal AccountingInternal Accounting
External reporting
Costcenterreports
Profitcenterreports
Planactivityprices
Productcost
reports
Profit &loss
(P&L)
BalanceSheet
Cashflow
statement Retainedearnings
InternalInternalreportingreporting
The Components of Controlling Overhead Cost Controlling:
- Cost and Revenue Element Accounting- Cost Center Accounting- Overhead Order Accounting- Activity-Based Costing
Product Cost Controlling:- Product Cost Planning- Cost Object Controlling- Actual Costing/Material Ledger
Profitability Analysis Profit Center Accounting
Cost & Revenue Element Accounting
Overhead Cost Controlling
Product CostControlling
Cost Center Acc.
Overhead OrderAcc.
CostObject
CO
Profitabilitysegments
ActivityBased
Costing
ProfitabilityAnalysis
ProfitCenterAccounting
ProfitCenter Acc.
PrCtrPrCtr 1 1
PrCtrPrCtr 3 3
PrCtr 2
PrCtrPrCtr 4 4
PrCtrPrCtr 5 5
Cost & RevenueElement
Accounting
Answersthe question:
Which costsWhich costswere incurred?were incurred?
Cost Center Accounting
H1IDES EuropeIDES Europe
H1010H1010H1010Corporate
1110ExecutiveBoard
H1000H1000GermanyGermany
H2000H2000UKUK
H2300H2300EspanaEspana
H2100H2100PortugalPortugal
H1110Executive Board
H1120CorporateServices
1230Power
1220Motor Pool
1000Corporate Services
1210Telephone
1200Canteen
H1200H1200Finance &Administration
2100Finance &Admin.
H1210H1210Admin.
H1220H1220HumanResources2200HumanResources
H1230H1230Purchasing
2300Purchasing
H1300H1300Sales &Marketing
H1400H1400TechicalDepartment
Internal Orders
Internal Orders
Accrualorders
Cost Accounting FunctionsCost Accounting Functions
Orders withrevenues
Overheadorders
Investmentorders
Product Cost Planning - Overview
R
BOM RoutingRouting$
Quantity StructurePP Master Data
$
$
$
$ $
$$$
Value Structure
Prices- for materials- for activity types- for processesOverhead
Cost Estimate:Standard costs
Product Cost Planning
Cost Object Controlling
Plannedcosts,actual costs
Simultaneous Costing
OrderInternalMaterialExternalOverheadTotal
$$$$$
Work in processScrapVariances
Settlement
Final CostingPeriod Close
Quantity StructureMaterial movements
Value Structure
Material settlement:Actual costs
Actual Costing
ProcessProcess
Material movements
MaterialMaterialledgerledger
Profitability Analysis - An External View
Company Market
Billing DocumentSD
Profitability AnalysisCO-PA
Key Sales Figures:Revenues, Cost of Sales...
Market Segments:Customer, Product,Product Group, Distribution Channel
CO-CO-PAPA
SDSD
The goal of CO-PA is to determine the profitability of market segments:
Profit Center Accounting - An Internal View
The goal of EC-PCA is to measure the profitability ofThe goal of EC-PCA is to measure the profitability ofareas of responsibility within the organization.areas of responsibility within the organization.
CompanyCompany
Util
ity C
osts
Util
ity C
osts
Direct Labor
Direct Labor PrCtr 1PrCtr 1
PrCtr 3PrCtr 3
PrCtr 2
PrCtr 4PrCtr 4
PrCtr 5PrCtr 5
goods/servicesgoods/services
EC-EC-PCAPCA
Billing DocumentSD
MMMCompany
MMMCompany
Re ven ue
Revenue