SAP - Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)*

**Process-Based Enterprise Logic

**Data Flow Logic

**Procurement Process ExampleIn the procurement process, there may be different business partners for different roles in the transaction. These partner roles are defined in vendor master dataVendorOrderingAddressGoodsSupplierInvoicePresentedByPaymentReceivedBy

**GoodsReceiptPayInvoiceProcurement ProcessPurchaseRequisitionPurchaseOrderInvoiceReceiptInternalDemandCustomerVendor

**Material Master DataAn advantage of the SAP system is that it maintains one set of data in real time. Material data is used by many functional areas. With non-integrated systems, each system may contain material data, and this data is not always consistent. In the SAP system, the data is consistently correct or incorrect.Material Master data is organized by Views. Depending on the type of material, only certain views need to be used. As the system is configured, additional views can be added as necessary.

**Material Master ViewsBasic Data 1Basic Data 2ClassificationSales: Sales Org Data 1Sales: Sales Org Data 2Sales: General/Plant DataForeign Trade: Export DataSales TextPurchasingMRP 1MRP 2MRP 3MRP 4ForecastingWork SchedulingGeneral Plant Data/Storage 1General Plant Data/Storage 2Warehouse Management 1Warehouse Management 2Quality ManagementAccounting 1Accounting 2Costing 1Costing 2Basic Data, Classification arenot plant-specificOther views are plant-specific

**Material Master ViewsPlant 1000NRG-A BarsBase unit: CSGross wt: 72 lb.

NRG-A BarsLead Time: 2 daysStd. Price: 216.80

Plant 2000NRG-A BarsLead Time: 3 daysStd. Price: 223.20

BasicDataViewMRPViewsNon-plant specificPlant specific

**Purchasing ProcessCreate Purchase RequisitionWhere analysis/vendor selection occursCreate Purchase Order from RequisitionRequisition items can be used to generate multiple purchase ordersCreate Goods ReceiptCreate Invoice ReceiptPost Outgoing Payment

Unfortunately, there is no purchasing document flow (BT: why not? )

*Sales & Credit Management ExampleCredit Management is a cross-functional activity between SD and FI

SalesPeoplewant tosellFI Peoplewant toreduceriskCredit is an independent functionin the SAP R/3 system

*Credit/Risk ProcessCredit control (blocks) can be applied at order entry,delivery creation or goods issue

*Static vs. Dynamic ChecksReceivablesOpendelivery valueOpenorderCredit LimitOpenorderOpenorderReceivablesOpendelivery valueOpenorderOpenorderOpenorderCredit HorizonStatic CheckDynamic Check

*Decentralized Credit ManagementEach company code sets and monitors a credit limit independently

*Centralized Credit ManagementTransactions with each company code apply to the single credit limit set for the single credit control areaCredit Control Area 1Company Code 1Sales Org.1 Limit: $150,000Company Code 2Sales Org.2Health ExpressHealth Express

*Exchange RatesReceivables for Company Code 2 are converted from Euros to US Dollars when credit is checkedCredit Control Area 1Currency: USDCompany Code 1Currency: USDSales Org.1 Limit: $150,000Company Code 2Currency: EUSales Org.2Health ExpressHealth Express

*Automatic Credit ControlDetermine points at which credit check is carried out (order creation, delivery creation or goods issue)Determine type of checkBased on:Credit control areaRisk categoryDocument (credit group)

*Automatic Credit ControlAs of release 4.0, Credit control area can also be Determined via:user exitspayersales area

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