San Pietro in Montorio 1

San Pietro in Montorio

The Tempietto within a narrow courtyard.

San Pietro in Montorio is a church in Rome, Italy,which includes in its courtyard The Tempietto (a smallcommemorative martyrium) built by Donato Bramante.

History

The church of San Pietro in Montorio was built on thesite of an earlier 9th-century church dedicated to St. Peteron Rome's Janiculum hill. Commissioned by Ferdinandand Isabella of Spain, it marks a traditional location of St.Peter's crucifixion.

The church's current Cardinal-Protector is James FrancisStafford, since 1 March 2008.

Interior

The church is decorated with artworks by prominent16th- and 17th-century masters.The first chapel on the right contains Sebastiano delPiombo's Flagellation and Transfiguration (1516–1524).Michelangelo, who had befriended Sebastiano in Rome,supplied figure drawings that were incorporated into theFlagellation.

The second chapel has a fresco by Niccolò Circignani (1654), some Renaissance frescoes from the school ofPinturicchio, and an allegorical sibyl and virtue attributed to Baldassarre Peruzzi.

The fourth chapel has a ceiling fresco by Giorgio Vasari. Although there is no grave marker, tradition has it thatBeatrice Cenci—executed in 1599 for the murder of her abusive father and made famous by Percy Bysshe Shelley,among others—is buried either in this chapel or below the high altar.

The ceiling of the fifth chapel contains another fresco, the Conversion of St. Paul, by Vasari. The altarpiece isattributed to Giulio Mazzoni, while the funerary monument of Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte, Cardinal GiovanniMaria Del Monte and Roberto Nobili are by Bartolomeo Ammannati.

San Pietro in Montorio 2

Francesco Baratta. Saint Francis in Ecstasy, c. 1640. RaimondiChapel, San Pietro in Montorio.

Facade of San Pietro in Montorio, with entranceto the cloister at right.

Until 1797, Raphael's final masterpiece, the Transfiguration graced thehigh altar; it is now in the Vatican pinacoteca. The altar currentlydisplays a copy by Cammuccini of Guido Reni's Crucifixion of St.Peter (also now in Vatican museum).

The last chapel on the left contains a Baptism of Christ, attributed toDaniele da Volterra, and stucco-work and ceiling frescoes by GiulioMazzoni.

A pupil of Antoniazzo Romano frescoed the third chapel with the SaintAnne, Virgin, and Child.

Dirck van Baburen, a central figure of the Dutch Caravaggisti, painted the Entombment for the Pietà Chapel, whichis indebted to Caravaggio's example. Baburen worked with another Dutch artist, David de Heen in this chapel. Thetwo other paintings, The Mocking of Christ and The Agony in the Garden are variously attributed to either or both ofthe artists.The second chapel on the left, the Raimondi Chapel (1640), was designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It includesFrancesco Baratta's "Saint Francis in Ecstasy" and sculptures by Andrea Bolgi and Niccolò Sale.

San Pietro in Montorio 3

Irish chieftains' tombs

Inscription on the tomb of Hugh O'Neill

At the high altar are two tombs: that of Hugh, Baron of Dungannon,eldest son of Hugh O'Neill, The O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, and thetomb shared by Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, and his brotherCathbharr, both of them younger brothers of Red Hugh O'Donnell.

These fled Ireland in 1607. Rory O'Donnell died in 1608, his brotherCathbharr ("Calfurnius" in the inscription) and Hugh, the son of theGreat Earl, died in 1609. The cause of death in all cases was fever,probably malaria. Their tombs are covered with marble inscribed slabswith coloured borders, crests and shields.[1] They are about 12 feetfrom the altar on the left as you face it and are normally covered by acarpet.

Hugh O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone, himself died in 1616 and was buried in the church with much less solemnity. Theoriginal simple tombstone was lost in about 1849, but the text of the short inscription was copied: "D.O.M. Hugonisprincipis ONelli ossa" (Dedicated to God the Best and Greatest. The bones of Prince Hugh O'Neill). In 1989,Cardinal Tomás Ó Fiaich laid a new marble plaque with the same inscription in approximately the original place.[1]

The Tempietto

The Tempietto in Andrea Palladio's Quattro Libri(woodcut, 1570).

The so-called Tempietto (Italian: "small temple") is a smallcommemorative martyrium built by Donato Bramante, possibly asearly as 1502, in the courtyard of San Pietro in Montorio. It isconsidered a masterpiece of High Renaissance architecture. Originallypatronized by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.

After spending his first years in Milan, Bramante moved to Rome,where he was recognized by Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere, thesoon-to-be Pope Julius II. One of Bramante's earliest commissions, the"Tempietto" is one of the most harmonious buildings of theRenaissance. It is meant to mark the traditional spot of St. Peter'smartyrdom.

With all the transformations of Renaissance and Baroque Rome thatwere to follow, it is hard to sense now what an apparition this buildingwas in beginning of the 16th century. It is almost a piece of sculpture,for it has little architectonic use. The building absorbed much ofBrunelleschi's style. Perfectly proportioned, it is composed of slenderTuscan columns, a Doric entablature modeled after the ancient Theaterof Marcellus, and a dome. According to an engraving in SebastianoSerlio's Book III, Bramante planned to set it in within a colonnaded courtyard, but this plan was never executed.

San Pietro in Montorio 4

References[1] Dr Elizabeth Fitzpatrick, Lecture delivered on 11 April 2005 (http:/ / www. rsai. ie/ index. cfm?action=obj. display& obj_id=133)

• Fortunato, Giuseppe " The role of architectural representation for the analysis of the built. The 3d survey of SanPietro in Montorio's temple in Rome", atti del "X Congreso Internacional expresiòn gràphica aplicada a laedificacìon, Alicante,Editorial Marfil", S.A., ISBN 978-84-268-1528-6, 2010.

External links• Satellite Photo (http:/ / maps. google. com/ maps?q=10+ via+ del+ corso,+ rome& ll=41. 888796,12. 466124&

spn=0. 003642,0. 007339& t=k& hl=en) The Tempietto is the circular dome in the center, enclosed tightly by thecloister of San Pietro in Montorio. Just west is the white hemicircle of the Acqua Paola.

Article Sources and Contributors 5

Article Sources and ContributorsSan Pietro in Montorio  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=415022031  Contributors: AMacR, Angr, Antique Rose, Attilios, Awotter, CARAVAGGISTI, Cambrasa, Dogears,Dongagliano, Elsidders, FalkonG4, Fatidiot1234, Finnmccools, Fpittui, Garavello, Ghirlandajo, Grafen, Hmains, Jagdfeld, Joseolgon, Jpbowen, Kakoui, Kbdank71, LooiNL, Macarrones,Magioladitis, Mephiston999, Neddyseagoon, Nivix, Panairjdde, Paul Barlow, PiCo, Queen Elizabeth II's Little Spy, Raiderloki, Rjwilmsi, Robert K S, RodC, S3000, Seneschally, Stomme,Superp, Topbanana, 29 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsImage:Roma-tempiettobramante01R.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Roma-tempiettobramante01R.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0  Contributors:Bryan, Dogears, FlickreviewR, G.dallortoImage:Francesco Baratta.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Francesco_Baratta.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported  Contributors:User:TorvindusImage:San Pietro in Montorio.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:San_Pietro_in_Montorio.JPG  License: Public Domain  Contributors: DongaglianoImage:Inscription-on-tomb-of-hugh-oneill.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Inscription-on-tomb-of-hugh-oneill.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: ElsiddersImage:PalladioBramanteTempietto1570.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:PalladioBramanteTempietto1570.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Originaluploader was Wetman at en.wikipedia

LicenseCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unportedhttp:/ / creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3. 0/