By Kobie Brand

Regional Director: ICLEI African Secretariat – Local Governments for Sustainability

SACN Urban Conference: The state of South African Cities

24 – 25 November, Nelson Mandela Bay

ICLEI History

• 1990 - ICLEI Charter adopted by 200 local governments at the United Nations in New York

• ICLEI established as the international local government association, movement and agency for sustainability

• Mission: To build and serve a worldwide movement of local governments to achieve tangible improvements in global sustainability with special focus on environmental conditions through cumulative local actions

ICLEI OfficesInternational Training CentreFreiburg, Germany

South Asia SecretariatDelhi, India

European SecretariatFreiburg, Germany

Japan OfficeTokyo, Japan

Korea OfficeJeju, Korea

Africa SecretariatCape Town,South Africa

Latin America and Caribbean SecretariatBuenos Aires, Argentina

Oceania SecretariatMelbourne, Australia

USA OfficeOakland, USA Southeast Asia

SecretariatManila, Philippines

Canada OfficeToronto, Canada

World SecretariatToronto, Canada

Brazil OfficeSao Paulo

Mexico OfficeMexico City

ICLEI Membership

1100+ cities, towns, counties and municipal associations representing over 400 million people worldwide

350

4575

115151

200242

282323

342

050

100150200250300

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999 2004

2000

2001

2002

470

2003 2006 2009

1100+515

Partnerships –global inclusive approach

• UNEP, UN-HABITAT, UN-CSD, UNDP, UNDESA• UN-SCBD, UN-SFCCC• United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) • Metropolis • South African Cities Network (SACN)• Global Footprint Network• World Water Forum • Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) • Clinton Climate Initiative • IUCN and Countdown 2010 • International Center for Sustainable Cities (ICSC) • Global Alliance for EcoMobility • Global Energy Basel• Many more...

ICLEI Africa Regional Office• Currently hosted by Cities of Cape Town and Tshwane• Membership: 40+ Local Authorities, 13+ in South Africa• Partners: SALGA, UCLG-Africa, Academic Institutions, NGO’s

etc• Key focus areas: (integrated, people-owned, local solutions)

• Energy and Climate Change (advocacy, mitigation andadaptation)

• Urban Biodiversity (LAB)• Water and Sanitation• Sustainable Procurement

Cities and Climate Change

Basic Facts:

•Cities cover less that 3% of the Earths Surface

•More than 50% of the world’s population now live in cities

•75% of the world’s Energy is consumed by Cities

•80% of the world’s greenhouse gasses (GHGs) are emitted by Cities

Cities: Energy and Climate Change

Climate Risks:

Natural disasters reported 1900 - 2008

•Sea level rise → 0.18 - 0.58m (2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999)

•Increasing temperature → 0.3 - 6.4°C(2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999)

•Changes in rainfall patternsDroughtFloods

•Changes in wind speed

( IPCC, 2007)

( IPCC, 2007)

Cities: Energy and Climate Change - Projections

Transport

Energy resources

Food security

Waste managementHousing

Spatial and town planning

Water availability

Stormwater management

Health

Policy and strategy planning

Biodiversity

Disaster risk management LivelihoodsCoastal zones

Tourism

Communication linkages

Resource scarcity conflicts

Migration

Security implications

Education

Economic stability

Poverty reduction challenges

Cities: Energy and Climate Change - Vulnerabilities

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metro’s

Nelson Mandela Bay

Vulnerabilities:

•Services and infrastructure:•Vulnerable to sea storm surges•Vulnerable to flash flooding

•Socio-economics•90km of coast line = tourism draw card•High level of poverty

•Awareness•Education and awareness•Preparedness•Historical climatic data

http://portelizabethdailyphoto.blogspot.com/2008/09/more-spring-tides.html

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metros

Nelson Mandela Bay Metro

Initiatives addressing Climate Change:

•Strong pro-active Energy and Electricity Directorate

•Alternative and Renewable Energy Projects

•Strong buy-in at all levels

•Risk Assessments

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metros

Mangaung

Vulnerabilities:•Services and infrastructure:

•Vulnerable to extreme temperatures•Changes in rainfall and precipitation patterns (agriculture) •Disaster Risk Management

•Socio-economics:•High levels of urban poverty•Livelihood options

•Institutional barriers:•Lack of funding•Knowledge gaps•Lack of awareness•Justification of priorities (allocation of funding to climate change)

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metros

Mangaung

Initiatives addressing Climate Change:

•Climate Change entrenched in the City’s Environmental Policy

•Developing Climate Change Policy - End June 2010

•Consolidated drive to insulate and retrofit housing

•Job creation focus – Green Economy

•State of Energy Report (2006?)

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metros

City of Cape Town

Vulnerabilities:•Services and infrastructure:

•Sea storm surges•Increasing Temperatures•Air Quality

•Socio-economics•Loss of coastal development•Poor communities situated in low lying, vulnerable areas•Livelihood options

•Institutional barriers•Lack of communication between Directorates•Lack of Capacity (both human capacity and knowledge)

•Highly developed built environment

Energy and Climate Change:South African Metros

City of Cape Town

Initiatives addressing Climate Change:

•Energy and Climate Change Strategy

•Section 80 Energy Committee

•City of Cape Town: Adaptation Framework

•City of Cape Town: Adaptation Action Plan

•Ongoing Sea Level Rise investigation

•Links to Mitigation activities

Energy and Climate Change: ICLEI

Current initiatives:

• Sub-Saharan African Cities: A five-City Network to Pioneer Climate Adaptation through Participatory Research and Local Action

•Tailor-made Adaptation Frameworks•Establishment of an historical baseline data set•Capacity building•Network for knowledge and data sharing – dissemination of best practices.

Walvis Bay, Namibia

Cape Town, South Africa

Maputo, Mozambique

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Port Louis, Mauritius

Questions

Congress Themes:

1.Urban Risk Assessment2.Socio-Economic and Institutional Dimensions3.Strategy, Policy Integration and Mainstreaming4.Urban Adaptation Planning and Practice5.Costs and Financing of Urban Climate Change Adaptation6.Technologies for Adaptation of Settlements and Infrastructure

www.iclei.org/bonn2010

Local Government Climate Roadmap

The process• Parallel process to United Nations Climate Roadmap

• Strengthening both national-local partnerships whilst also focusing on the strategic importance of the inclusion of cities and local governments in a post-2012 Climate Agreement

2007 COP13 Bali

2008 COP14 Poznan

2009 Climate talks Bonn,

Bangkok and Barcelona

Local Government Climate Roadmap

Facilitator ICLEI on behalf of LGs

Global partners- United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG)- C40 Climate Leadership Group- World Mayors Council on Climate Change (WMCCC)- Metropolis

ICLEI African Secretariat

African Local Government Climate Roadmap Pre-Copenhagen SummitTshwane, South Africa, 29-31 July

The African Local Government Climate Roadmap Pre-Copenhagen Summit

Aim: to facilitate a horizontal and vertical mobilisation towards concrete action and a consolidated voice from African Local Governments regarding the UN Climate Framework.

providing an accessible platform for African local governments for action at the local level and to gain an understanding of the role and position of Local Governments in the post-2012 Climate Framework negotiations.

• Key outcomes: Summit Declaration– Unique and specific African dimension– Fed into numerous national and regional African and international

processes – Presented to the South African National Department of Environmental

Affairs National Climate Consultation session – Subsequently will feed into the African and G77 Climate Change

negotiating processes

The African Declaration

LG LOUNGE

-The Local Government Climate Lounge in the COP-15 building (Bella Centre) in Copenhagen

-unique meeting place for local governments for dialogue and interaction with:

their own and other national governments with a range of development agencies, NGOs and the international press

Africa day 7 December 2009

COP 10 Nagoya

• 10th Meeting of the Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological

Diversity (COP 10), Aichi- Nagoya 11-29 October 2010

• All 191 parties to the UN Convention on Biological Biodiversity (CBD) meet

during the UN International Year of Biodiversity

• Goal: to review international achievements to reduce biodiversity loss and

establish new targets

•Three main objectives:

- Conservation of biological diversity

- sustainable use of its components

- fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from utilization of genetic

resources

“What distinguishes ICLEI is thatwe are the first entrants, the firstpioneers doing what seemed likeimprobable things for cities to payattention to twenty years ago. Wehave gone up a learning curve; wehave got 20 years of experience

now on how to tackle globalenvironmental problems at the

local level.“Jeb Brugmann

ICLEI Founder and First Secretary General

(1990-2000)

Transport

Energy resources

Food security

Waste managementHousing

Spatial and town planning

Water availability

Stormwater management

Health

Policy and strategy planning

Biodiversity

Disaster risk management LivelihoodsCoastal zones

Tourism

Communication linkages

Resource scarcity conflicts

Migration

Security implications

Education

Economic stability

Poverty reduction challenges

Cities: Energy and Climate Change - Vulnerabilities